kinesiology chapter 7-9

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In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, which of the following terms refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline?

Hip adduction

Each finger has three interphalangeal joints, whereas the thumb has only two.

false

The lateral collateral ligament is more frequently injured than other knee joint ligaments.

false

The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to the popliteus muscle origin and inserts on the fibular head.

false

The tibial nerve innervates both the gracilis and the biceps femoris muscles.

false

The ____ phase starts after follow through to prepare the athlete for the next movement or action.

recovery

The _____ phase allows the performer to assume as comfortable body position with joint angles set to place muscle groups on optimum stretch.

stance

Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb?

the flexor pollicis longus muscle

Functions of the acetabular femoral joint include weight bearing and locomotion.

true

In the context of wrist and hand movements, ulnar flexion refers to the movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm.

true

The knee joint can extend to 180 degrees normally, although some individuals can extend slightly further.

true

Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?

Biceps femoris

Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?

Bursae are composed mainly of fatty tissue.

All of the following are key bony landmarks for knee joint actions except:

gerdys condyle

The insertion of the _____ muscle is on the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle.

semimembranosus

Which of the following muscles performs adduction of the wrist?

the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

(START CHAPTER 9) The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.

TRUE

The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.

extension

The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.

treu

Tears in menisci can occur due to both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

true

The biceps femoris muscle inserts primarily on the head of the fibula.

true

The Q angle is usually _____ or less for males and _____ or less for females.

15;20

Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis?

All are superficial and palpable, except the vastus medialis.

Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?

Classified as an arthrodial type joint

Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor digiti minimi muscle?

Extension of the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint

Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor pollicis longus muscle?

Extension of the thumb

Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?

Provides static stability to the knee joint

Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee?

Semimembranosus

Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?

Sometimes referred to as a trochoginglymus joint because of internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension

Which of the following muscles may not be palpated on the dorsal aspect of the hand?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the thumb?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following muscles performs actions in the frontal plane?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?

The base of the distal phalanges of the four fingers

Which of the following muscles is best stretched in a side-lying position by having a partner take the knee into full flexion and simultaneously take the hip into extension?

The rectus femoris muscle

All of the flexor tendons except for the flexor carpi ulnaris pass through the carpal tunnel, along with the median nerve.

false

Except for the glenohumeral joint, the acetabular femoral joint is the least mobile joint of the body.

false

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee.

false

The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle performs its action in the frontal plane.

false

The flexor pollicis longus muscle may be palpated on the posterior surface of the thumb.

false

The human wrist and hand have more than 30 muscles, of which 11 are intrinsic muscles.

false

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?

medial epicondyle of the humerus

The _____ phase includes the action part of the skill or the release of the sport object.

movement

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?

proximal three-fourths of the anterior and medial ulna

An example of elbow joint extension against resistance occurs in this exercise:

push up

Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the:

sartorius muscle.

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

sartorius.

The correct order of skill analysis phases is:

stance, preparatory, movement, follow-through, recovery

The wrist flexor muscles have their origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

true

The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.

anterior cruciate ligament

As the knee approaches full extension, the tibia must externally rotate approximately 10 degrees to achieve proper alignment of the tibial and femoral condyles.

true

The femoral nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

biceps femoris.

The hamstring muscles function as a decelerator of the knee when decreasing speed to change direction and especially when landing from a jump.

false

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

decreases stability

The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae muscle inserts on Gerdy's tubercle.

true

Which of the following is the origin of the palmaris longus muscle?

medial epicondyle of the humerous

Which of the following muscles does not perform wrist extension?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

To stretch the flexor carpi ulnaris, the elbow must be fully extended with the forearm supinated while a partner passively extends and abducts the wrist.

true

Which of the following statements is true about the biceps femoris muscle?

It is best developed through hamstring curls or leg curls.

Which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?

Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing the knee from being abducted

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

Which of the following is important in extension of the thigh with external rotation?

The gluteus maximus muscle

Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip abduction?

The gluteus medius muscle

Which of the following muscles is important in providing dynamic medial stability to the knee joint because of the manner in which it crosses the joint and is also responsible for internal rotation of the knee?

The semimembranosus muscle

Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle?

abduction of the hip

The obturator nerve innervates both the adductor longus and the gracilis muscles.

true

Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?

Covered by the vastus fascia

Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?

Provides the knee with stability

Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?

Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint.

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?

The base of the fifth metacarpal on the dorsal surface

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle?

The base of the second metacarpal on the dorsal surface

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle?

The base of the third metacarpal on the dorsal surface

Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist and approximately 1 cm medial to the radial styloid?

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

Which of the following muscles inserts on the four tendons to bases of middle and distal phalanges of the four fingers on the dorsal surface?

The extensor digitorum muscle

Which of the following muscles originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

The extensor digitorum muscle

Which of the following is the pointing muscle that originates between middle and distal one-third of the posterior ulna?

The extensor indicis muscle

Which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint?

The extensor indicis muscle

Which of the following is the only muscle that flexes the finger distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) joints?

The flexor digitorum profundus muscle

In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, which of the following statements is true of the right lateral pelvic rotation?

The right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to the left pelvis in the frontal plane.

Which of the following muscles is a two-joint muscle, effective as a hip flexor or as a knee flexor, and is sometimes referred to as the tailor's muscle?

The sartorius muscle

The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is the anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium and the groove above the _____.

acetabulum

Agonist muscles during hip flexion include all of the following except the:

adductor magnus muscle.

The iliopsoas muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.

anteriorly; flexion

The pectineus muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.

anteriorly; flexion

The insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract, which in turn inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of the _____ tibial condyle.

anterolateral

Hip flexion refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline.

false

Hitting the "funny bone" and experiencing a painful tingling sensation is actually a contusion to the humeral nerve.

false

In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, anterior pelvic rotation refers to the anterior movement of the upper pelvis in which the iliac crest tilts forward in the transverse plane.

false

In the context of wrist and hand movements, radial flexion refers to the movement of the thumb side of the hand toward the medial aspect or radial side of the forearm.

false

The acetabular femoral joint is reinforced by an extremely weak ligamentous capsule and the stability of this joint is attributed to the surrounding musculature.

false

The acetabulum inserts onto the femoral head to form the acetabular femoral joint.

false

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle can perform weak extension of the elbow during a concentric contraction.

false

The iliofemoral, or Y, ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension.

false

The muscles of the wrist and hand are all innervated from the radial and median nerves of the brachial plexus.

false

The semimembranosus muscle inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.

false

The structural instability of the acetabular femoral joint makes it susceptible to subluxations and dislocations.

false

The teres ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and slightly limits adduction.

false

The gluteus maximus muscle is stretched in the supine position with full hip flexion to the ipsilateral axilla and then to the contralateral axilla with the knee in _____.

flexion

Disruption of a tendon at or near the insertion of the _____ is known as a jersey or sweater finger and should be addressed surgically within approximately one week.

flexor digitorum profundus muscle

The anterior interosseous nerve that branches from the median nerve innervates the _____.

flexor pollicis longus muscle

The ____ phase is used to bring about negative acceleration in a limb after release of a sport object during a ballistic skill.

follow through

The _____ is best stretched by moving the hip into extreme adduction in front of the opposite extremity and then behind it, and weakness in this muscle can result in a Trendelenburg gait.

gluteus medius muscle

The origin of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is the anterior _____ and the surface of the ilium just below the crest.

iliac crest

The _____ muscle originates on the inner surface of the ilium and the lower borders of the transverse processes (L1-L5), sides of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12), lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, and base of the sacrum.

iliopsoas

The insertion of the rectus femoris muscle is on the _____ aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.

superior

The vastus medialis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

superomedial

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition in which there is an increased pressure in the carpal tunnel, which interferes with the normal function of the median nerve.

true

Distally, the patella serves as a major bony landmark to which all four quadriceps muscles attach and ultimately insert on the tibial tuberosity via the patella tendon.

true

For the pelvis to rotate in any direction, movement must occur in either the right hip, the left hip, the lumbar spine, or a combination of these locations.

true

In the context of wrist and hand movements, dorsiflexion refers to the movement of the back of the hand and/or the phalanges toward the posterior or dorsal aspect of the forearm

true

In the context of wrist and hand movements, opposition refers to the movement of the thumb across the palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges.

true

The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle and the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle are the only muscles involved in ulnar deviation.

true

The extensor digiti minimi muscle is innervated by the radial nerve, posterior interosseous branch (C6-C8).

true

The extensor digitorum muscle, also known as the extensor digitorum communis, is the only muscle involved in extension of all four fingers.

true

The extensors of the wrist include, from lateral to medial, the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris.

true

The femoral nerve arises from the posterior division of the lumbar plexus and innervates the anterior muscles of the thigh.

true

The fingers can only flex and extend, except at the metacarpophalangeal joints, where abduction and adduction are controlled by the intrinsic hand muscles.

true

The flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus are finger flexors, and the flexor pollicis longus is a thumb flexor.

true

The flexor pollicis longus muscle inserts on the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on the palmar surface.

true

The obturator nerve arises from the anterior division of the lumbar plexus and provides innervation to the hip adductors.

true

The pelvic girdle consists of a right and left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by the sacrum.

true

The pubofemoral ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and limits excessive extension and abduction.

true

The sartorius, the gracilis, and the semitendinosus muscles insert on the anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle.

true

The sciatic nerve tibial division innervates both the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles.

true

The three wrist flexors, from medial to lateral, are the flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi radialis

true

The ulnar nerve provides sensation to the ulnar side of the hand, the ulnar half of the ring finger, and the entire little finger.

true

Wrist joint actions include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

true

Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except:

tensor fascia latae.

(start chapter 8) The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.

true

All the three vasti muscles of the quadriceps originate on the proximal femur and insert on the patellar superior pole.

true

Anteriorly, the pelvic bones are joined to form the symphysis pubis, an amphiarthrodial joint.

true

Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of both the femur and tibia.

true

Generally, the hip joint can be abducted in the range of 0 to 35 degrees.

true

The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.

true

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.

true

The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of the upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on the medial tibial surface.

true

The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.

true

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles all insert just below the medial condyle on the upper anteromedial tibial surface.

true

The semimembranosus muscle is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.

true

The medial compartment of the thigh contains the muscles—adductor brevis, the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, the pectineus, and the gracilis—that are primarily responsible for _____.

adduction of the hip

In basketball and soccer, injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.

anterior cruciate ligament

The gluteus maximus muscle originates on the posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and _____ near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area.

coccyx

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.

false

The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon.

false

The popliteus muscle originates on the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle.

false

The quadriceps muscles perform eccentric contractions during accelerating actions.

false

The semitendinosus muscle is located laterally and internally rotates the knee.

false

The pes anserinus tendinous expansion comprises the _____.

gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus

The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.

popliteus

The ____ phase is often referred to as the cocking phase and is considered the most important phase for successful skill performance.

preparatory

The vastus lateralis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

superolateral

A gamekeeper's or skier's thumb is a common injury that involves a sprain of the _____ of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint and may require surgery when severely sprained.

unlar collateral ligament

Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?

vastus medius


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