kinesiology chapter 7-9
In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, which of the following terms refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline?
Hip adduction
Each finger has three interphalangeal joints, whereas the thumb has only two.
false
The lateral collateral ligament is more frequently injured than other knee joint ligaments.
false
The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to the popliteus muscle origin and inserts on the fibular head.
false
The tibial nerve innervates both the gracilis and the biceps femoris muscles.
false
The ____ phase starts after follow through to prepare the athlete for the next movement or action.
recovery
The _____ phase allows the performer to assume as comfortable body position with joint angles set to place muscle groups on optimum stretch.
stance
Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb?
the flexor pollicis longus muscle
Functions of the acetabular femoral joint include weight bearing and locomotion.
true
In the context of wrist and hand movements, ulnar flexion refers to the movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm.
true
The knee joint can extend to 180 degrees normally, although some individuals can extend slightly further.
true
Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?
Biceps femoris
Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?
Bursae are composed mainly of fatty tissue.
All of the following are key bony landmarks for knee joint actions except:
gerdys condyle
The insertion of the _____ muscle is on the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle.
semimembranosus
Which of the following muscles performs adduction of the wrist?
the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
(START CHAPTER 9) The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.
TRUE
The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.
extension
The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.
treu
Tears in menisci can occur due to both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.
true
The biceps femoris muscle inserts primarily on the head of the fibula.
true
The Q angle is usually _____ or less for males and _____ or less for females.
15;20
Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis?
All are superficial and palpable, except the vastus medialis.
Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?
Classified as an arthrodial type joint
Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor digiti minimi muscle?
Extension of the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint
Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor pollicis longus muscle?
Extension of the thumb
Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?
Provides static stability to the knee joint
Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee?
Semimembranosus
Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?
Sometimes referred to as a trochoginglymus joint because of internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension
Which of the following muscles may not be palpated on the dorsal aspect of the hand?
The abductor pollicis longus muscle
Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the thumb?
The abductor pollicis longus muscle
Which of the following muscles performs actions in the frontal plane?
The abductor pollicis longus muscle
Which of the following is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?
The base of the distal phalanges of the four fingers
Which of the following muscles is best stretched in a side-lying position by having a partner take the knee into full flexion and simultaneously take the hip into extension?
The rectus femoris muscle
All of the flexor tendons except for the flexor carpi ulnaris pass through the carpal tunnel, along with the median nerve.
false
Except for the glenohumeral joint, the acetabular femoral joint is the least mobile joint of the body.
false
The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee.
false
The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle performs its action in the frontal plane.
false
The flexor pollicis longus muscle may be palpated on the posterior surface of the thumb.
false
The human wrist and hand have more than 30 muscles, of which 11 are intrinsic muscles.
false
Which of the following is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?
medial epicondyle of the humerus
The _____ phase includes the action part of the skill or the release of the sport object.
movement
Which of the following is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?
proximal three-fourths of the anterior and medial ulna
An example of elbow joint extension against resistance occurs in this exercise:
push up
Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the:
sartorius muscle.
The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:
sartorius.
The correct order of skill analysis phases is:
stance, preparatory, movement, follow-through, recovery
The wrist flexor muscles have their origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
true
The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.
anterior cruciate ligament
As the knee approaches full extension, the tibia must externally rotate approximately 10 degrees to achieve proper alignment of the tibial and femoral condyles.
true
The femoral nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:
biceps femoris.
The hamstring muscles function as a decelerator of the knee when decreasing speed to change direction and especially when landing from a jump.
false
Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
decreases stability
The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae muscle inserts on Gerdy's tubercle.
true
Which of the following is the origin of the palmaris longus muscle?
medial epicondyle of the humerous
Which of the following muscles does not perform wrist extension?
The abductor pollicis longus muscle
To stretch the flexor carpi ulnaris, the elbow must be fully extended with the forearm supinated while a partner passively extends and abducts the wrist.
true
Which of the following statements is true about the biceps femoris muscle?
It is best developed through hamstring curls or leg curls.
Which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?
Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing the knee from being abducted
Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?
The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Which of the following is important in extension of the thigh with external rotation?
The gluteus maximus muscle
Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip abduction?
The gluteus medius muscle
Which of the following muscles is important in providing dynamic medial stability to the knee joint because of the manner in which it crosses the joint and is also responsible for internal rotation of the knee?
The semimembranosus muscle
Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle?
abduction of the hip
The obturator nerve innervates both the adductor longus and the gracilis muscles.
true
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?
Covered by the vastus fascia
Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?
Provides the knee with stability
Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?
Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint.
Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?
The base of the fifth metacarpal on the dorsal surface
Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle?
The base of the second metacarpal on the dorsal surface
Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle?
The base of the third metacarpal on the dorsal surface
Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist and approximately 1 cm medial to the radial styloid?
The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Which of the following muscles inserts on the four tendons to bases of middle and distal phalanges of the four fingers on the dorsal surface?
The extensor digitorum muscle
Which of the following muscles originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?
The extensor digitorum muscle
Which of the following is the pointing muscle that originates between middle and distal one-third of the posterior ulna?
The extensor indicis muscle
Which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint?
The extensor indicis muscle
Which of the following is the only muscle that flexes the finger distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) joints?
The flexor digitorum profundus muscle
In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, which of the following statements is true of the right lateral pelvic rotation?
The right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to the left pelvis in the frontal plane.
Which of the following muscles is a two-joint muscle, effective as a hip flexor or as a knee flexor, and is sometimes referred to as the tailor's muscle?
The sartorius muscle
The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is the anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium and the groove above the _____.
acetabulum
Agonist muscles during hip flexion include all of the following except the:
adductor magnus muscle.
The iliopsoas muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.
anteriorly; flexion
The pectineus muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.
anteriorly; flexion
The insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract, which in turn inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of the _____ tibial condyle.
anterolateral
Hip flexion refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline.
false
Hitting the "funny bone" and experiencing a painful tingling sensation is actually a contusion to the humeral nerve.
false
In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, anterior pelvic rotation refers to the anterior movement of the upper pelvis in which the iliac crest tilts forward in the transverse plane.
false
In the context of wrist and hand movements, radial flexion refers to the movement of the thumb side of the hand toward the medial aspect or radial side of the forearm.
false
The acetabular femoral joint is reinforced by an extremely weak ligamentous capsule and the stability of this joint is attributed to the surrounding musculature.
false
The acetabulum inserts onto the femoral head to form the acetabular femoral joint.
false
The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle can perform weak extension of the elbow during a concentric contraction.
false
The iliofemoral, or Y, ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension.
false
The muscles of the wrist and hand are all innervated from the radial and median nerves of the brachial plexus.
false
The semimembranosus muscle inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.
false
The structural instability of the acetabular femoral joint makes it susceptible to subluxations and dislocations.
false
The teres ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and slightly limits adduction.
false
The gluteus maximus muscle is stretched in the supine position with full hip flexion to the ipsilateral axilla and then to the contralateral axilla with the knee in _____.
flexion
Disruption of a tendon at or near the insertion of the _____ is known as a jersey or sweater finger and should be addressed surgically within approximately one week.
flexor digitorum profundus muscle
The anterior interosseous nerve that branches from the median nerve innervates the _____.
flexor pollicis longus muscle
The ____ phase is used to bring about negative acceleration in a limb after release of a sport object during a ballistic skill.
follow through
The _____ is best stretched by moving the hip into extreme adduction in front of the opposite extremity and then behind it, and weakness in this muscle can result in a Trendelenburg gait.
gluteus medius muscle
The origin of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is the anterior _____ and the surface of the ilium just below the crest.
iliac crest
The _____ muscle originates on the inner surface of the ilium and the lower borders of the transverse processes (L1-L5), sides of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12), lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, and base of the sacrum.
iliopsoas
The insertion of the rectus femoris muscle is on the _____ aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.
superior
The vastus medialis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superomedial
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition in which there is an increased pressure in the carpal tunnel, which interferes with the normal function of the median nerve.
true
Distally, the patella serves as a major bony landmark to which all four quadriceps muscles attach and ultimately insert on the tibial tuberosity via the patella tendon.
true
For the pelvis to rotate in any direction, movement must occur in either the right hip, the left hip, the lumbar spine, or a combination of these locations.
true
In the context of wrist and hand movements, dorsiflexion refers to the movement of the back of the hand and/or the phalanges toward the posterior or dorsal aspect of the forearm
true
In the context of wrist and hand movements, opposition refers to the movement of the thumb across the palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges.
true
The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle and the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle are the only muscles involved in ulnar deviation.
true
The extensor digiti minimi muscle is innervated by the radial nerve, posterior interosseous branch (C6-C8).
true
The extensor digitorum muscle, also known as the extensor digitorum communis, is the only muscle involved in extension of all four fingers.
true
The extensors of the wrist include, from lateral to medial, the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris.
true
The femoral nerve arises from the posterior division of the lumbar plexus and innervates the anterior muscles of the thigh.
true
The fingers can only flex and extend, except at the metacarpophalangeal joints, where abduction and adduction are controlled by the intrinsic hand muscles.
true
The flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus are finger flexors, and the flexor pollicis longus is a thumb flexor.
true
The flexor pollicis longus muscle inserts on the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on the palmar surface.
true
The obturator nerve arises from the anterior division of the lumbar plexus and provides innervation to the hip adductors.
true
The pelvic girdle consists of a right and left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by the sacrum.
true
The pubofemoral ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and limits excessive extension and abduction.
true
The sartorius, the gracilis, and the semitendinosus muscles insert on the anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle.
true
The sciatic nerve tibial division innervates both the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles.
true
The three wrist flexors, from medial to lateral, are the flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi radialis
true
The ulnar nerve provides sensation to the ulnar side of the hand, the ulnar half of the ring finger, and the entire little finger.
true
Wrist joint actions include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
true
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except:
tensor fascia latae.
(start chapter 8) The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.
true
All the three vasti muscles of the quadriceps originate on the proximal femur and insert on the patellar superior pole.
true
Anteriorly, the pelvic bones are joined to form the symphysis pubis, an amphiarthrodial joint.
true
Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of both the femur and tibia.
true
Generally, the hip joint can be abducted in the range of 0 to 35 degrees.
true
The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.
true
The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.
true
The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of the upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on the medial tibial surface.
true
The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.
true
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles all insert just below the medial condyle on the upper anteromedial tibial surface.
true
The semimembranosus muscle is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.
true
The medial compartment of the thigh contains the muscles—adductor brevis, the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, the pectineus, and the gracilis—that are primarily responsible for _____.
adduction of the hip
In basketball and soccer, injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.
anterior cruciate ligament
The gluteus maximus muscle originates on the posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and _____ near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area.
coccyx
The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.
false
The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon.
false
The popliteus muscle originates on the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle.
false
The quadriceps muscles perform eccentric contractions during accelerating actions.
false
The semitendinosus muscle is located laterally and internally rotates the knee.
false
The pes anserinus tendinous expansion comprises the _____.
gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus
The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.
popliteus
The ____ phase is often referred to as the cocking phase and is considered the most important phase for successful skill performance.
preparatory
The vastus lateralis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superolateral
A gamekeeper's or skier's thumb is a common injury that involves a sprain of the _____ of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint and may require surgery when severely sprained.
unlar collateral ligament
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?
vastus medius