Labeling Exam 3
Muscular Triangle
- Borders: sternocleidomastoid, superior belly of the omohyoid, hyoid bone, midline of the neck - Contents: infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands
Trachealis Muscle
-Connects posterior parts of cartilage rings -Contracts during coughing to expel mucus
Quadrangular Membrane
-free margin constitutes the vestibular fold (false vocal cord) which covers vestibular ligament -free superior margin forms the Ary-epiglottic ligament, which is covered by mucosa to form Ary-epiglotic fold
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
1. Crico-Arytenoid Muscles (lateral) 2. Arytenoid Muscles (transverse) 3. Oblique Arytenoid Muscles 4. Crico-Arytenoid (posterior) 5. Tensors: Cricothyroid Muscles 6. Relaxers: Thyroid-arytenoid Muscles
Label
1. Glottis 2. Rima Glottis 3. Epiglottis
Cricoid Cartilage
1. Lamina 2. Arch 3. Median Cricothyroid Ligament 4. Arytenoid Cartilage
Thyroid Cartilage
1. Laminae 2. Laryngeal Prominence 3. Superior Thyroid Notch 4. Inferior Thyroid Notch 5. Superior Horn 6. Inferior Horn
Thyrohyoid Membrane
1. Median Thyrohyoid Ligament 2. Lateral Thyrohyoid Ligament 3. Cricotracheal Ligament
Label
1. Nasal Conchae: inferior, middle, superior 2. Nasopharynx, Oralpharynx, Laryngopharynx 3. Hard Palate, Soft Palate 4. Uvula 5. Tongue 6. Epiglottis 7. Vocal Fold (true), Vestibular Fold (false) vocal cords 8. Cartilage: epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid 9. Trachea 10. Esophagus
Salivary Glands
1. Parotid Gland- Parotid Duct (Stenson's) 2. Submandibular Gland- Submandibular Duct (Whartons) 3. Sublingual Glands
Thyroid
1. R/ L Thyroid Lobes 2. Pyramidal Lobe 3. Isthmus
Infrahyoid Muscles
1. Sternothyroid 2. Omohyoid 3. Sternohyoid 4. Thyrohyoid 5. Geniohyoid
label
1. anterior scalene muscle 2. middle scalene muscle 3. posterior scalene muscle 4. thyrocervical trunk 5. inferior thyroid artery 6. subclavian artery 7. common carotid artery
Label
1. approximated course of spinal accessory nerve (CN XII) 2. Laryngeal Prominence 3. Greater Supraclavicular Fossa 4. Lesser Supraclavicular Fossa 5. Clavicle 6. Jugular Notch 7. Angle of Mandible 8. External Jugular Vein 9. Laryngeal Prominence 10. Trapezius (anterior border) 11. SCM- clavicular head + sternal head
label
1. internal carotid artery 2. external carotid artery 3. lingual artery 4. facial artery 5. occipital artery 6. maxillary artery 7. hyoid 8. thyroid cartilage 9. superficial temporal artery 10. posterior auricular artery 11.ascending pharyngeal artery 12. superior thyroid artery
nasopharynx + oropharynx
1. pharyngotympanic tube 2. salpingopharyngeal fold 3. torus 4. Pharyngeal Tonisl
mouth
1. styloglossus 2. stylohyoid 3. stylopharyngeaus 4. Digastric Posterior Belly 5. Mylohyoid 6. Geniohyoid 7. Genioglossus
Subclavian Artery
1. subclavian artery 2. brachiocephalic artery 3. common carotid artery 4. brachiocephalic veins 5. jugular veins 6. superior vena cava
Sympathetic Chain of the Neck
1. superior cervical sympathetic ganglion 2. middle cervical sympathetic chain ganglion 3. inferior cervical sympathetic chain ganglion
nasal conchae
1. superior, middle, inferior 2.nasopharynx 3. soft palate 4. entrance to pharyngotympanic tube (Eustachian tube or auditory canal)
submental triangle
Area inferior to the chin Boundaries: between R & L anterior belly of digastric m. and body of hyoid Content: submental lymph nodes, small veins joining to form anterior jugular v.
Muscular Triangle
Boundaries: anterior border of SCM, superior belly of omohyoid, and median plane of neck Content: infrahyoid muscles, thyroid, and parathyroid glands
spinal accessory nerve
CN XI
transverse cervical nerve
Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus C2, C3 Innervation: Skin on anterior part of neck
splenius cervicis
DEEP to splenius capitis- not easily isolated origin: spinous processes of T3 to T6 insertion: transverse processes of C1-C3
splenius capitis
DEEP to trap & rhomboids. SUPERFICIAL b/w trap & sternocleidomastoid origin: inferior 1/2 of ligamentum nuchal & spinous processes of C-7 to T-4 inferior: mastoid processes & lateral portion of superior nuchal line
Viscera of Neck
Endocrine Layer: thyroid + parathyroid gland Respiratory Layer: larynx + trachea Alimentary Layer: Pharynx + Esophagus
submandibular triangle
Glandular area Boundaries: between anterior and posterior bellies of digastric and inferior border of mandible Content: submandibular gland, submandibular lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), mylohyoid nerve, parts of facial artery and vein
omohyoid muscle
Inferior/ Superior Belly. runs under SCM & scalene. mostly inaccessible. origin: superior border of scapula insertion: hyoid bone action: depresses hyoid bone & thyroid cartilage, tightens fascia of neck, dilates internal jugular vein
Digastric Muscle
O- anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible O- posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone Both I: intermediate tendon to body & greater horn of hyoid
sternocleidomastoid
Origin: sternal head: top of manubrium clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone & lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
trapezius muscle
Origin: external occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae, & spinous process of C7 thru T12 Insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
posterior + anterior scalene muscle
Posterior origin: transverse processes of sixth & 7th cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercle) insertion: 2nd rib Anterior Origin: transverse processes of 3rd - 6th cervical vertebrae (anterior tubercles) insertion: 1st rib
Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
Superahyoid Muscles: digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, mylohyoid Infrahyoid Muscles: sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thryohyoid Stylopharyngeal Muscles
Omohyoid
Superior + Inferior Belly
carotid triangle
Vascular area Boundaries: between anterior border of SCM, superior belly of omohyoid, and posterior belly of digastric Content: common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve (CN X), external carotid artery, hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), motor branches of cervical plexus, thyroid gland, larynx, and pharynx
anterior cervical triangle
anterior boundary: median line of neck posterior boundary: anterior border of SCM superior boundary: inferior border of mandible apex: jugular notch in manubrium roof: subcutaneous tissue containing platysma floor: pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland
Sublingual
beneath the tongue
Carotid Sheeth
carotid artery + internal jugular vein + vagus nerves
Carotid Triangle
common carotid artery, internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, internal jugular vein, stylohyoid muscle, carotid sheets: carotid artery + internal jugular vein + vagus nerves
Laryngeal Vestibule
extends between laryngeal inlet & vestibular folds
Occipital Triangle
lateral division of posterior triangle. occipital artery sits @ its apex. spinal accessory nerve crosses thru Front- sternocleidomastoideus Behind- trapezius below- omohyoideus
Omoclavicular Triangles
lateral division of posterior triangle. surface of neck by supraclavicular fossa. subclavian artery lies deep. Anterior: SCM Posterior: Trap below: supra scapular fossa
levator scapulae muscle
origin: transverse processes of 1st-4th cervical vertebrae insertion: medial border of scapula, b/w superior angle & superior portion of scapular spine
middle scalene muscle
origin: transverse processes of 2nd- 7th cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercle) insertion: 1st rib
Salivary Glands
parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands
Arytenoids
part of larynx where vocal cords are attached
Arytenoid Cartilages
posterior to thyroid cartilage
Laryngeal Ventricle
recesses b/w vestibular and vocal folds
Parotid Gland
salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear
Submandibular (digastric) Triangle
submandibular gland almost fills triangle; submandibular lymph nodes; hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII); mylohyoid nerve; parts of facial artery & vein
Submental Triangle
submental lymph nodes & small veins unite to form anterior jugular vein
Vocalis Muscle
the main body of the vocal fold which may be likened to a bundle of stiff rubber bands
Submandibular
underneath the mandible
