Lib/Law Final Study Guide

Which statement best describes a function of interest groups?

They advocate for citizens who have similar ideas about issues.

Who makes federal laws?

Congress

Which example best demonstrates a change in government involvement in the economy?

creation of the Social Security Administration

The first 10 amendments to the Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights, were originally intended as restrictions against?

the new National Government

The number of presidential electors a state gets is the same as

the number of its senators and representatives.

Enlightenment-era political philosophers such as Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, and Montesquieu would most likely agree that

the state exists to serve the will of the people.

The Federalist Papers were written to

win support for the ratification of the Constitution.

Missouri's state capital is

Jefferson City.

When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

July 4th, 1776

Which of these newspaper headlines BEST illustrates the federal system of checks and balances?

"President Vetoes Highway Spending Bill"

How many U.S. Senators are there?

100

In order to register to vote in Missouri, you have to be how old?

17 1/2

In order to vote in Missouri, you have to be how old?

18

Congress is prohibited from establishing an official religion by the

1st Amendment

The type of majority that is necessary to override a veto is a

2/3 majority

How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

9

What did the Declaration of Independence do?

Declared the independence of the colonies from Great Britain.

What is the economic system in the United States?

Capitalism

The governor serves a term of ____ years.

four

How many senators does each state have?

two

What is an amendment?

A change or addition to the constitution

Which of these circumstances illustrates a danger of majority rule?

A law is used to oppress a group of people.

The following person helped write the Federalist Papers

Alexander Hamilton

Which interest group would most likely oppose eliminating the social security system?

American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)

What do we call the first 10 amendments to the Constitution?

Bill of Rights

Which landmark Supreme Court case ruled that segregation by race in public education was unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education

What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

Checks and balances

The Presidential advisory body who usually are the heads of the executive departments is called the

Cabinet

In this map, why do members of the House of Representatives from California outnumber the representatives from Wyoming?

California's population is larger than Wyoming's.

Which best explains why groups may hold meetings to discuss unpopular ideas in the United States?

Constitutional rights protect their actions.

Raj thinks he has a great idea for a law. What is the best action for Raj to take to get the law passed?

Contact his representative in Congress about his idea.

What are the two major political parties?

Democrats and Republicans

What is the name of the President of the United States?

Donald Trump

Which part of the Connecticut (or Great) Compromise benefits states with smaller populations?

Each state has two representatives in the Senate.

Mexico has a governmental system in which the power is divided between the national government and each state. Based on the information above, what type of government system does Mexico have?

Federalism

The Missouri Legislature is called the

General Assembly.

Who was the first president?

George Washington

Which of the following best describes the concept of limited government?

Government must operate within certain bounds set by the people.

"Government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Abraham Lincoln, 1863 Which is the best conclusion about President Lincoln's quotation?

He supported a republic.

Which issue is exclusively the responsibility of federal law?

counterfeit money

1980: Candy Lightner establishes Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) to advocate for strong drunk driving laws 1988: Minimum drinking age set at twenty-one in all fifty states 1992: Alcohol-related driving deaths drop 26% since 1984 The best title for the above statements is:

How an Individual Citizen Helped Improve Community Safety

What is the 'rule of law'?

Idea that everyone, including the government, must obey the law.

Which is a result of having a political system dominated by two political parties?

It is easier to obtain a majority of votes.

Which of these situations illustrates citizens responsibly practicing the freedoms of a democratic society?

Jacob and some friends protest the local shoe factory because of recent layoffs.

In the 2000 Presidential Election, the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot was as follows:

Many young people neglected their civic responsibilities.

What is the name of the Vice President of the United States?

Mike Pence

Who is in charge of the executive branch?

President

Who signs bills to make them become laws?

President

Since the 1960's, which political party in the U S has most closely represented the views of conservative voters?

Republican Party

Along with deciding if a law goes against the Constitution, what does the judicial branch do?

Reviews/explains laws and resolves disputes.

Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

The Civil War

Which headline best illustrates an example of checks and balances?

Senate Confirms New Chief Justice

What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

Senate and House of Representatives

Which of these is an example of popular sovereignty?

Some states decided to prohibit slavery by a vote of residents.

Which person is a member of the legislative branch?

Speaker of the House

Which of these received increased authority under the reserved powers clause of the Constitution?

States

The Due Process clause of the 14th Amendment guarantees that:

States will not deny people any basic or essential liberties.

What is the highest court in the United States?

Supreme Court

"The most powerful, and perhaps the only, means of interesting men in the welfare of their country which we still possess is to make them partakers in the government." - Alexis de Tocqueville Which statement best reflects Alexis de Tocqueville's point of view?

Taking an active role in society will help promote contributions to a nation.

No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of the President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected shall be elected to the office President more than once. United States Constitution, Amendment Twenty Two Section One Which view of presidential power led to the Twenty-Second Amendment?

Term limits are needed to keep any one President from growing too powerful.

According to the chart, which state has the largest delegation in the U S House of Representatives?

Texas

In order for a bill to become a law, what happens after both houses of Congress pass it?

The President signs it.

Which executive action best demonstrates a check on legislative branch power?

The President vetoes a bill passed by Congress.

What happens when a state law conflicts with a federal law?

The state must yield to the federal government.

Why does the flag have 13 stripes and 50 stars?

There is one star for each state and one stripe of each original colony

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

Which of these is the main function of the legislative branch?

To make laws

Who is president of the U.S. Senate?

Vice President

What is the capital of the United States?

Washington, D.C.

The idea of self-government is in the first few words of the Constitution. What are these words?

We the people

People who live in an elected official's district (voters) are called a

constituent

The expansion of suffrage in the United States best illustrates society's changing views of

civil rights

Ian challenged the law in his home state that allowed the chief of police to identify him as a dangerous driver based on observation. This classification denied him the right to renew his driver's license. Ian successfully argued that he was entitled to a hearing before the state could post his name on the dangerous driver list. Which constitutional principle does the scenario represent?

due process of law

The principle of checks and balances means that

each branch is subject to a number of restraints or checks by the other branches

In a presidential form of government, the head of the executive branch is

elected independently from the legislative branch and serves a fixed term.

Enlightenment-era political philosophers such as Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu

emphasized the role of natural rights based on social contracts for governmental structure.

Under the Articles of Confederation, taxes were applied by Congress and collected by the states. Under the Constitution, taxes are both applied and collected by Congress. Which of these best describes this change in government?

expanding the political power of the national government

The Articles of Confederation represented the

first attempt at self-government in the United States

The main reason for wanting to change the Articles of Confederation was to

form a stronger government.

The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional is an example of which of the following principles?

judicial review

The power that courts have to declare laws unconstitutional when challenged is

judicial review

A Supreme Court justice is appointed for

life

The principle that government is not all-powerful, that it can only do those things it has been given power to do is:

limited government

The Bill of Rights was adopted to

list and guarantee basic individual rights.

Which activity of an interest group for teachers would have the most significant political impact?

lobbying elected officials to enact new education laws

The primary job of the legislative branch is to

make laws needed for the country.

With the words, "We the People," the Constitution establishes its authority on the basis of

popular sovereignty.

Mr. Clarke was not required to testify at his own trial for armed robbery. This is known as

right against self-incrimination

"No freeman shall be taken, or imprisoned, . . . or in any way harmed . . . save by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land . . .To none will we sell, to none deny or delay, right or justice." Magna Carta, 1215 According to this statement, which constitutional guarantee is most related to the Magna Carta?

rights of the accused

Which feature of ancient Rome made it a republic?

rule by elected representatives

The principle that government and its officers are always subject to the concept that it/they are "never above the law" is called:

rule of law

"It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others . . .Were the executive magistrate, or the judges, not independent of the legislature in this particular, their independence in every other would be merely nominal." - Federalist No. 51 Which constitutional principle is described in the quotation?

separation of powers

The division of government's power between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches is known as:

separation of powers

Some people believe that the Supreme Court has too much power because justices

serve until they die or choose to retire

The Constitution is

the supreme law of the land.

Which of the following is the role of the Electoral College?

to choose the President of the United States.

Missouri Governors may serve ______ terms.

two

How many representatives does each state have?

varies by population

If the legislature passes a bill that the governor does not approve, he/she may ___ the bill

veto

The most important role of the Electoral College is to

vote for the President and Vice President.