ling 1 hw 6

What string is a VP?

a. cuiin caam ne paal

Use the following to answer Questions 2 through 5: The following data come from Dinka, a Nilo-Saharan language of The Sudan. Ayen ace cuiin caam ne paal Ayen has food eaten with knife "Ayen has eaten food with a knife"

a. start at top S=NP+VP above VP=V+VP above VP=VP +PP VP=NP+V, PP=P+NP

Which PS rule(s) do you have evidence for in Dinka?

b. VP → V PP

Which PS rule(s) do you have evidence for in Dinka?

b. VP → VP PP

Which of the following statements best justifies the claim that children do not depend on direct instruction in acquiring their native language? Select one: a. There are cultures where adults do not typically direct speech to children, but the children fully acquire the language anyway. b. Children produce grammatical sentences that they could not have heard before. c. Children don't usually listen to their parents. d. A and B e. B and C

d

Why would we not want to say that reinforcement/correction plays a major role in first language acquisition? Select one: a. Adults often provide positive feedback, irregardless of whether the child's utterance is grammatical or ungrammatical. b. Adults do not systematically correct children if they say something ungrammatical. c. Lack of negative evidence in the input means that there is no opportunity for systematic reinforcement/correction by the adults. d. B and C e. A and B

e

Why do we think that Universal Grammar plays a central role in first language acquisition? Select one: a. The Poverty of the Stimulus b. The rapidity of acquisition and the depth of grammatical knowledge attained c. Similar stages of language acquisition for both spoken and signed languages d. A and B e. A and C f. All of the above

f

Why is it significant that there are particular kinds of grammatical errors that children do not make? Select one: a. It suggests that language acquisition is guided by an innate mechanism. b. This provides support for the idea that children acquire the language indirectly from the adults around them, not through explicit instruction. c. This is evidence that even very young children have grammars, although those grammars may be different than the adult grammar. d. A and B e. B and C f. A and C

f

What is the correct word tree for "inalterability"?

inalterable(in+alterable(alter+able)+ity