Radiation Oncology (Therapy) Review

The dimensional imaging techniques relied upon for the development of modern treatment plans are identified as...

3D Imaging 4D Imaging

Linear accelerator

6-20 MeV to treat deep tumors High-energy x-rays and low-energy electron beam

What produces a photon beam by using microwave technology to accelerate electrons fired from an electron gun?

A medical linear accelerator

Responsible for the accurate delivery and documentation of daily radiation treatments. They also provide daily patient assessment, monitoring, and education. A. Radiation therapist B. Medical physicists C. Radiation oncologist D. Radiation oncology nurses

A. Radiation therapist

This individual is charged with planning the treatment as prescribed by the radiation oncologist. They also maintain and direct the quality control and quality assurance activities associated with the use of ionizing radiation. A. Radiation therapist B. Medical physicists C. Radiation oncologist D. Radiation oncology nurses

B. Medical physicists

Insertion of low-intensity radioactive nuclides inside body in close proximity to tumor or cancerous tissues.

Brachytherapy

Sealed radioactive isotopes placed in tissues (interstitial radiation), into a body cavity (intracavitary irradiation), or onto a body surface

Brachytherapy

Which type of radiation therapy provides high doses of radiation to a prescribed treatment area without significant dose to surrounding tissues?

Brachytherapy

The physician responsible for determining the treatment volume and dose of radiation that should be given to a patient. In addition, this individual medically manages the patient's response to treatment. A. Radiation therapist B. Medical physicists C. Radiation oncologist D. Radiation oncology nurses

C. Radiation oncologist

Modern linear accelerators are capable of producing images from these two modalities to confirm localization of treatment area.

CT MRI

What is the term for the maximum dose delivered to a tumor with proton therapy? A. Cobalt-60 Peak B. Megavoltage radiation peak C. Uranium 235 peak D. Bragg Peak

D. Bragg Peak

Assists in the monitoring, care, and education of patients who are treated with radiation therapy. The radiation oncology nurse also serves as a conduit for patient referrals to social services, nutritional counseling, and other support groups. A. Radiation therapist B. Medical physicists C. Radiation oncologist D. Radiation oncology nurses

D. Radiation oncology nurses

Proton therapy for cancer treatments uses protons to...

Deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor with almost no radiation dose to the surrounding normal tissue.

Use of external beam radiation to treat tumor or cancerous tissues.

External beam

Type of therapy also known as long-distance therapy or teletherapy...

External beam irradiation

The two primary mechanisms used to deliver therapeutic or palliative radiation are...

External beam irradiation and brachytherapy

A bloodless procedure for neurologic diseases.

Gamma Knife surgery

What is the radiation treatment for brain tumors?

Gamma knife

What is a technique used to administer radiation directly to the region of interest using a multileaf collimator to direct an individual radiation beam?

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)

With _____________________ radiation therapy, a dose of radiation is given directly to an organ or area at the time of surgery.

Intraoperative

Beginning in the 1970s, what were the cobalt-60 units gradually replaced by?

Linear accelerators

What is the new radiation therapy technique that allows for prescription of narrowly defined margins around the tumor?

MRI based linear accelerator

A field of medicine that uses ionizing radiation (radiation therapy treatments), computers, and a team of healthcare professionals to treat cancer.

Radiation oncology

Determines the area and volume of tissue to be treated

Radiation oncology simulation

Radiation oncology simulation:

Region of involved tissue is mapped with the use of fluoroscopy, CT, and/or MRI. Sophisticated computer applications determine treatment angles and depth. Discrete skin markings outline treatment region.

4D Imaging takes into account movement of the tumor caused by which functions?

Respiratory and cardiac

What is another term for brachytherapy?

Short distance therapy

Candidates for radiation therapy are scheduled for ________ which is a procedure performed bu the radiation therapist to prepare the patient for treatment.

Simulation

SBRT is the abbreviation for what?

Stereotactic body radiation therapy

Brachytherapy is used for...

Superficial cancers Localized primary cancer tumors

True/False. CT, MRI, and PET scanning are used singularly or in combination for 3D or 4D definition of the tumor.

True

True/False: The goal of radiation oncology is the deliver a tumoricidal dose while sparing normal tissue.

True

Cobalt-60 units...

Use gamma ray radiation to treat tumors

4D imaging depicts the tumor in the __,__, and __ planes and in the fourth dimension of time.

X, Y, and Z