LS7C Week 2 RQs & CQs

Inhibition of the flexor muscle during the knee-extension reflex is an example of: reciprocal inhibition. negative feedback. homeostasis. All of these choices are correct

reciprocal inhibition

A post-synaptic neuron can undergo synaptic plasticity in response to repeated excitation from a pre-synaptic neuron. Protein synthesis and changes to the cytoskeleton will likely ____the responsiveness of the post synaptic neuron to subsequent stimulation. A. Increase B. Decrease C. Not change

A, Increase

What kind(s) of ion channels would you expect to find in the plasma membrane of a neuron's dendrites? A. Ligand-gated channels only B. Voltage-gated channels only C. Both of these channels

A. Ligand-gated channels only

What does this negative resting potential mean? A. The inside (ICF) of the axon is more negatively charged than the outside (ECF) B. The outside of the axon (ECF) is more negatively charged than the inside (ICF) (potential=Inside-outside)

A. The inside (ICF) of the axon is more negatively charged than the outside (ECF)

A seizure in the primary motor cortex on the right side of the brain would most likely cause uncontrolled movement: A. On the left side of the body B. On the right side of the body C. On both sides of the body D. None of the above, a seizure in this region would not cause uncontrolled movement

A. on the left side of the body

Action potentials typically move in one direction along the neuron away from the cell body. This is due to which of the following? Question 5 choices Choice A., the temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike , [Your answer, correct] Choice B., the temporary inactivation of sodium and potassium channels following the action potential spike Choice C., the movement of sodium ions out of the cell through voltage-gated potassium channels Choice D., the myelination of the axon membrane

A. the temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike

The interneuron in the spinal cord triggers which of the following? Question 3 choices Choice A., a stimulatory stimulus that prevents contraction of the knee flexor muscles Choice B., an inhibitory stimulus that prevents contraction of the knee flexor muscles , [Your answer, correct] Choice C., an inhibitory stimulus that prevents contraction of the knee extensor muscles Choice D., a stimulatory stimulus that prevents contraction of the knee extensor muscles

B, an inhibitory stimulus that prevents contraction of the knee flexor muscles

A cell with a resting membrane potential of -70mV suddenly becomes more permeable to Ca (2+) ions. This cell will A. hyperpolarize B. Depolarize C. Neither (membrane potential will not change)

B. Depolarize

The diagram below shows an ion moving across a membrane in the direction indicated by the arrow. Which of the following best describes the movement of the ion? A. It is moving against both its chemical and electrical gradients B. It is moving against its chemical gradient and down its electrical gradient C. It is moving down its chemical gradient and against its electrical gradient D. It is moving down both its chemical and electrical gradients

B. It is moving against its chemical gradient and down its electrical gradient

In vertebrates, the speed of transmission along neurons is much faster in myelinated neurons compared to unmyelinated neurons. Which of the following is not true of transmission along myelinated neurons? Question 4 choices Choice A., Sodium and potassium channels are concentrated at nodes of Ranvier. Choice B., Saltatory conduction in non-myelinated neurons slows the process of transmission. Choice C., Action potentials are generated only in the nodes of Ranvier.

B. Saltatory conduction in non-myelinated neurons slows the process of transmission.

The neuron below is generating an action potential at Point A. At the exact same moment, what would an electrode at Point B measure? A B C

C

How many synapses in total are involved in the knee-jerk reflex? Question 5 choices Choice A., 1 Choice B., 2 Choice C., 3 , [Your answer, correct] Choice D., 4

C, 3

You feel something brush past your arm. This sensation is sent to your brain by the___Neurons in the____ nervous system. A. Afferent, central B. Efferent, central C. Afferent, peripheral D. Efferent, peripheral

C, Afferent, peripheral

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) block the function of serotonin reuptake transporters. Increased levels of serotonin in the synaptic cleft will most likely cause the____ neuron to ____the frequency of action potentials. A. Presynaptic; increase B. Presynaptic, decrease C. Postsynaptic; increase D. Postsynaptic, decrease

C, Postsynaptic, increase (stronger stimuli causes neurons to fire more frequent action potentials.

How many synapses are involved in the contraction of the knee extensor muscles in the knee-jerk reflex? Question 4 choices Choice A., 1 Choice B., 2 Choice C., 3 Choice D., 4

Choice A, 1

Stretch receptors in the knee extensor muscles stimulated by the tap of a physician's reflex hammer just below the knee cap directly triggers a nerve impulse in which of the following? Question 1 choices Choice A., the patellar tendon Choice B., an motor neuron Choice C., an interneuron Choice D., a sensory neuron

D, a sensory neuron

What causes the increase in cytosolic calcium that triggers the fusion of secretory vesicles to the membrane and the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft? Question 2 choices Choice A., the hyperpolarization of the membrane at the axon terminal Choice B., the release of calcium from intracellular calcium stores Choice C., the opening of ligand-gated calcium channels in the axon terminal membrane Choice D., the change in conformation of voltage-gated calcium channels in the axon terminal membrane

D, the change in conformation of voltage-gated calcium channels in the axon terminal membrane.

You feel something brush past your arm. This sensation is percieved in your brain by___. A. Broca's area B. Wernicke's area C. The primary motor cortex D. The somatosensory cortex

D, the somatosensory cortex

Which of the following best describes what is happening during Region 1 of the action potential? A. Hyperpolarization due to cations leaving the cell B. Depolarization due to cations leaving the cell C. Hyperpolarization due to cations entering the cell D. Depolarization due to cations entering the cell

D. Depolarization due to cations entering the cell (1. Sodium ion enter the cell, making the inside mof the cell more postively charged than the outside.

Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the myelin surrounding neurons in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. Without myelin, the rate of action potential propagation in these neurons will most likely____. A. Increase B. Decrease C. Not change

Decrease

If you were to read this text out loud, you would be using regions in all four lobes of your brain except the___ A. Frontal Lobe B. Occiptal Lobe C. Parietal Lobe D. Temporal Lobe E. None. All the areas are being used

E, None. All areas are being used

All neurons have either a sensory or a motor function. True False

False

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are associated with membrane depolarization, whereas excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are associated with hyperpolarization.

False

The magnitude of the action potential is correlated with the strength of the stimulating input.

False

Neuron A releases a neurotransmitter that binds to a ligand-gated chloride channel in the plasma membrane of Neuron C. The synapse between Neuron A and Neuron C is most likely: A. Excitatory B. Inhibitory C. No idea...

Inhibitory

Which of the following sets of terms belong together? involuntary, autonomic, sympathetic voluntary, somatic, sympathetic voluntary, autonomic, parasympathetic involuntary, somatic, parasympathetic

Involuntary, autonomic, sympathetic

Imagine you genetically engineered a neuron to produce voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels that opened at the same time in response to a change in voltage. How would that change the recording shown in the figure? The period of hyperpolarization would be longer. Threshold values would increase. The peak would occur over a longer period of time. The peak voltage would be higher. No action potential would be generated.

No action potential would be generated

In maintaining homeostasis of body temperature, what role does the hypothalamus play? effector response sensor stimulus

Sensor

.What effect does the nervous system have on the heart rate? The nervous system does not directly affect the heart rate. Stimulation by sympathetic nerves sets the resting heart rate of the pacemaker cells in the SA node. Stimulation by sympathetic nerves causes the pacemaker cells of the AV node to depolarize more rapidly than the pacemaker cells of the SA node. Stimulation by either the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves causes pacemaker cells in the SA node to depolarize more slowly. Stimulation by parasympathetic nerves causes the heart rate to slow down.

Stimulation by parasympathetic nerves cause the heart rate to slow down.

A drug that blocks the Ca (2+) channels of the presynaptic neuron will prevent neurotransmitters from being released.

True

If a membrane were freely permeable to all charged molecules, then the resting membrane potential would be____. A. positive B. Negative C. Zero

Zero

Membrane potential is determined by the: concentration of cholesterol in a membrane. number and type of phospholipids present in a membrane. number and types of ion-channel proteins present in the plasma membrane of a cell. difference in concentration of ions and charged molecules on the two sides of a cell's plasma membrane

difference in concentration of ions and charged molecules on the two sides of a cell's plasma membrane

The release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell is an example of: transcytosis. endocytosis. phagocytosis. exocytosis.

excoytosis

Which portion of the forebrain regulates the endocrine system and body temperature? limbic system cerebrum thalamus hypothalamus

hypothalamus

Sensory neurons are involved in all of the following EXCEPT: muscle contraction. taste. hearing. vision.

muscle contraction

The signal to "rest and digest" comes from the _____ system. peripheral sympathetic parasympathetic somatic

parasympathetic

When an environmental stimulus is received, the signal is usually transmitted through three types of nerve cells. In which order is the signal transmitted through these cells? motor neurons, interneurons, sensory neurons motor neurons, sensory neurons, interneurons interneurons, sensory neurons, motor neurons sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons

sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons

Which of the following is NOT the role of an interneuron? stimulating a muscle to contract maintaing homeostasis relaying info from sensory to motor neurons conveying info from the internal environment of an animal

stimulating a muscle to contract

Which brain region is associated with language in humans? parietal lobe frontal lobe occipital lobe temporal lobe

temporal lobe

What part of a cell's cytoplasm is responsible for the diversity of nerve cell shape? the nucleus the cytoskeleton All of these choices are correct. the endomembrane system

the cytoskeleton

The gray matter on the outside of the brain appears gray because: the neurons are not myelinated. the neuronal cell bodies are located here. all dendrites in the brain are located there. the neurons are protected by something other than myelin that makes it appear gray.

the neuronal cell bodies are located here.

The cellular changes associated with long-term potentiation are localized to: the postsynaptic cell. both pre- and postsynaptic cells. the presynaptic cell.

the postsynaptic cell.

Referring to the figure, select whether each statement below is true or false. 1. Resting potential is generated mainly by the outward movement of K+ ions from inside the cell. 2. The voltage changes shown in the figure are measured just across the plasma membrane 3. The changes in voltage seen at #2 and #4 in the figure are caused by similar movements, in the same direction, of the same types of ions across the membranes. 4. The trace in the figure is following the voltage change as it moves down the axon. 5. The voltage change shown in the figure is an all-or-nothing response. 6. Different ion channels are responsible for generating the voltage change seen at #2 and #4 in the figure. 7. All voltage changes along the plasma membrane of an axon have the characteristic shape shown above. 8. The changes in voltage shown in the figure are due to ligand-gated ion channels opening and closing along the axon. 9. An EPSP of sufficient strength to reach threshold occurred at #1 on the figure. 10. A membrane that has no K+ channels will have a resting membrane potential that is higher than the one shown on the figure.

1. True 2. True 3. False 4. False 5. True 6. True 7. True 8. False 9. True 10. True

Which of the following best describes what is happening during Region 2 of the action potential? A. Repolarization due to cations leaving the cell B. Repolarization due to cations entering the cell

A, Repolarization due to cations leaving the cell

Body functions such as heart rate, blood flow, and digestion are controlled by the _____ nervous system. automatic autonomic voluntary somatic

Autonomic

A patient suffers a stroke that cuts off the blood supply to a region in the cerebellum. Which of the following symptoms would you be most likely to observe in the patient? A. Trouble maintaining balance B. Inability to regulate body temp C. Problem seeing different colors D. Muted sensory perception

A, Trouble maintaining balance (Follow-up: Damage to what regions of the brain could result in symptoms B, C, and D?)

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) block the function of serotonin reuptake transporters. Taking an SSRI will cause the average concentration of Sertonin found in synaptic clefts to... A. Increase B. Decrease C. Not change

A, increase

Which of the following best describes what is happening during Region 3 of the action potential? A. Hyperpolarization due to cations leaving the cell B. Depolarization due to cations leaving the cell C. Hyperpolarization due to cations entering the cell D. Depolarization due to cations entering the cell

A. Hyperpolarization due to cations leaving the cell. (potassium ions continue to leave the cell, causing an overshoot of the resting membrane potential.

The term "saltatory propagation" refers to the: All of these choices are correct. ability of an action potential to "jump" from one node of Ranvier to the next. role of ions such as sodium and potassium in producing the action potential. tendency of an action potential to move in one direction.

Ability of an action potential to "jump'' from one node of Ranvier to the next

Which of the following statements is TRUE? All animals have a nervous system, all animals sense and respond to the environment, and it is necessary to have a nervous system to sense and respond to the environment. All animals sense and respond to the environment. It is necessary to have a nervous system to sense and respond to the environment. All animals have a nervous system and it is necessary to have a nervous system to sense and respond to the environment, but not all animals sense and respond to the environment. All animals have a nervous system.

All animals sense and respond to the environment.

Certain medications can cause potassium levels in the body to decrease. Which symptom would be consistent with a loss of potassium? irregular heartbeat fatigue All of these choices are correct. muscle weakness

All of these choices are correct

Imagine that a student studies all night for an exam the next day. The student remembers (almost) everything for her test, but within a week she forgets most of what she studied. Why? The student's short-term memories regarding the test material were not successfully transformed into long-term memories. New neural circuits were not formed (or strengthened) in the student's brain. All of these choices are correct. The student has not studied the material she was tested on repeatedly

All of these choices are correct.

This neuron has just received a signal from a neighboring neuron. At what location will the first action potential occur? A. Dendrites B. Cell Body C. Axon hillock D. Axon

Axon hillock

Why does an action potential travel in one direction down an axon? because it needs to reach the synapse to trigger release of neurotransmitter because voltage-gated potassium channels remain open longer because the diffusion of charge can only occur in one direction because voltage-gated sodium channels cannot immediately reopen

Because voltage-gated sodium channels cannot immediately reopen

The interior of a neuron is more negative than the outside due to the presence of: chloride ions. both proteins and chloride ions. proteins. hydroxyl (OH-) groups.

Both proteins and chloride ions

Which of the following determines whether or not an action potential is triggered in the postsynaptic neuron? Question 3 choices Choice A., the magnitude of the depolarizing excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) Choice B., the magnitude of the hyperpolarizing inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) Choice C., the overall net change in membrane potential caused by the combined EPSPs and IPSPs

C, the overall net change in membrane potential caused by the combined EPSPS and IPSPs.

You are sitting on the couch and look down on your arm to see this: All of the following are likely to occur except: A. Heart rate increases B. Pupils dilate C. Intestinal activity increases

C. Intestinal activity increases

Research suggests that learning may involve: Ca2+ influx into a postsynaptic cell, causing biochemical changes and enhanced response to stimulation. strengthening the sodium-potassium pump. changes in action potential duration caused by blocking voltage-gated K+ channels. synaptic changes causing slower reuptake of neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft. synaptic changes caused by decreasing the size of the synaptic cleft and increasing the effectiveness of neurotransmitter diffusion. Instructional Guidance: This question can be used to confirm that students understand that changes in ion flow are important for signal transduction in all parts of the nervous system.

Ca(2+) influx into a postsynaptic cell, causing biochem changes and enhanced response to stimulation.

Question 2 of 5 Transmission of impulses along a neuron in the vertebrate nervous system ordinarily occurs in only one direction because, following passage of an action potential, the neuron is temporarily in a refractory period or hyperpolarized. This is caused by which of the following? Choice A., the movement of potassium ions out of the axon Choice B., the movement of potassium ions into the axon Choice C., the movement of sodium ions out of the axon Choice D., the movement of sodium ions into the axon

Choice A, the movement of potassium ions out of the axon

Which of the following occurs when a neuron is depolarized? Question 1 choices Choice A., Sodium ions enter the neuron through voltage-gated sodium channels. Choice B., Sodium ions diffuse along the outside of the neuron, bringing nearby regions to threshold. Choice C., Potassium ions enter the neuron through voltage-gated potassium channels. Choice D., Calcium ions enter the cell through voltage-gated calcium channels.

Choice A., Sodium ions enter the neuron through voltage-gated sodium channels.

Place the following events in the correct order. I. opening of voltage-gated calcium channels II. change in membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron III. fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane of the axon terminal IV. binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron V. increase in cytosolic calcium levels in the presynaptic neuron VI. arrival of action potential at the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron Question 4 choices Choice A., I, V, II, III, IV, VI Choice B., VI, I, V, III, IV, II Choice C., VI, II, I, V, III, IV Choice D., II, I, V, IV, III, VI

Choice B., VI, I, V, III, IV, II ,

In vertebrates, the speed of transmission along a neuron can be increased by which of the following? Question 3 choices Choice A., the presence of additional voltage-gated sodium channels Choice B., the presence of additional voltage-gated potassium channels Choice C., myelinating the axon Choice D., myelinating the dendrites

Choice C, myelinating the axon

Which of the following is inhibited following a tap of a physician's reflex hammer just below the knee cap? Question 2 choices Choice A., motor neurons of the knee extensor muscles Choice B., sensory neurons of the knee extensor muscles Choice C., motor neurons of the knee flexor muscles Choice D., sensory neurons of the knee flexor muscles

Choice C., motor neurons of the knee flexor muscles

When an action potential reaches the axon terminal: Question 1 choices Choice A., sodium ions are released from the axon terminal, enter the cell body of the postsynaptic neuron through its sodium channels, and may initiate an action potential in that neuron. Choice B., calcium ions are released from the axon terminal, bind to and open the sodium channels on the cell body of the next neuron, and may initiate an action potential in that neuron. Choice C., neurotransmitter molecules are released from the axon terminal, bind to and open the potassium channels on the cell body of the next neuron, and may initiate an action potential in that neuron. Choice D., neurotransmitter molecules are released from the axon terminal and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing either an inhibitory hyperpolarization or an excitatory depolarization.

Choice D., neurotransmitter molecules are released from the axon terminal and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing either an inhibitory hyperpolarization or an excitatory depolarization.

Which of the following could be inhibited by greatly decreasing extracellular calcium? Question 5 choices Choice A., the arrival of the action potential at the presynaptic axon terminal Choice B., the production of neurotransmitter by the presynaptic neuron Choice C., the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels on the presynaptic axon terminal Choice D., the fusion of secretory vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane

Choice D., the fusion of secretory vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane

Neuron A sends an EPSP to Neuron D at the same time that Neuron C sends an IPSP to Neuron D. The IPSP will cause the axon of Neuron D to become hyperpolarized.

False

This map of the somatosensory cortex shows distorted body parts because: it reflects the number of muscle fibers that are devoted to stimulating a particular body part. that is the only way an illustrator can fit all the parts into the picture. it reflects the relative amount of sensory cortex devoted to pressure and touch sensations from a body part. it reflects differences in different people depending on how that person perceives his or her body parts.

It reflects the relative amount of sensory cortex devoted to pressure and touch sensations from a body part.

Which of the following are TRUE about the resting membrane potential? (Select all that apply.) It results from K+ ions diffusing out of the cell. It results from the sodium-potassium pump moving more Na+ ions out of the cell than K+ ions into the cell. It results from voltage-gated sodium channels remaining open for long periods of time.

It results from K+ ions diffusing out of the cell It results from the sodium-potassium pump moving more Na+ ions out of the cell than K+ ions into the cell.

A stroke occurs when blood flow to a region of the brain is interrupted, damaging the cells in that region. What symptoms might you see if a person suffered a stroke in their cerebellum? loss of sensory perception difficulty speaking visual impairment loss of balance and coordination

Loss of balance and coordination

Some people have low levels of calcium circulating in the blood, a condition known as hypocalcemia. While for many this disorder has little to no effect, for some it can be life-threatening. How could low levels of calcium harm an individual? Low levels of calcium would cause sustained depolarization of the presynaptic cell. Low levels of calcium would not have any effect on synaptic transmission. Low levels of calcium would result in fewer signals sent between the pre- and postsynaptic cell.

Low levels of calcium would result in fewer signals sent between the pre- and postsynaptic cell.

Some people have low levels of calcium circulating in the blood, a condition known as hypocalcemia. While for many this disorder has little to no effect, for some it can be life-threatening. How could low levels of calcium harm an individual? Low levels of calcium would result in fewer signals sent between the pre- and postsynaptic cell. Low levels of calcium would cause sustained depolarization of the presynaptic cell. Low levels of calcium would not have any effect on synaptic transmission.

Low levels of calcium would result in fewer signals sent btw the pre-and postsynaptic cell.

Imagine you created a toxin such that when a neuron fired an action potential, the toxin would bind immediately to the sodium-potassium pump at the top of the action potential, but the sodium and potassium channels would still function. What process(es) would be affected? maintaining resting potential maintaining resting potential and returning to resting potential after the hyperpolarization phase of an action potential the hyperpolarization phase of an action potential the depolarization phase of an action potential returning to resting potential after the hyperpolarization phase of an action potential

Maintaining resting potential and returning to resting potential after the hyperpolarization phase of an action potential

Imagine that you are talking with one of your friends about your biology course. He states that the somatic nervous system is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic components, and is responsible for involuntary responses. Is this statement correct? No, the somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary responses, and is not subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic components. No, although the somatic nervous system does have both sympathetic and parasympathetic subdivisions, it is responsible for voluntary responses. Yes, this statement is correct. The somatic nervous system has both sympathetic and parasympathetic components and controls involuntary responses. No, although the somatic nervous system controls involuntary responses, it is the autonomic nervous system that is subdivided into parasympathetic and sympathetic components.

No, the somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary response, and is not subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic components.

In the figure, arrow B is pointing at the _____ in the _____. Instructional Guidance: You could change any of the answer choices to make an alternate choice correct, and then substitute that on an exam. nucleus; cell body nucleus; glial cell neurotransmitter; synaptic cleft vesicle; dendrite synaptic cleft; neuron

Nucleus; cell body

You are sitting on the couch and look down on your arm to see this: Which branch of your autonomic nervous system will be activated? A. Sympathetic B. Parasympathetic C. Both D. Neither

Sympathetic

4.An interneuron may receive multiple stimuli from the same sensory neuron over a very short period of time. The firing rate of the receiving neuron is proportional to the number of signals received from the sensory neuron over time. Of which of the following is this an example? action potential hyperpolarization spatial summation temporal summation

Temporal summation

Predict what would happen to a neuron's resting membrane potential if the number of sodium ion channels increased. The membrane potential would become slightly more negative. The membrane potential would remain the same due to the activity of the sodium-potassium pump. The membrane potential would become more positive. The membrane potential would become more negative.

The membrane potential would become more positive

Ganglia were the evolutionary precursor to the centralized concentration of neurons that we now call a brain.

True

Neuron A sends an EPSP to Neuron D at the same time that Neuron C sends an IPSP to Neuron D. The EPSP and IPSP will be spatially summed.

True

Neuron A sends an EPSP to Neuron at the same time that Neuron C sends an IPSP to Neuron D. The IPSP will cause the region of Neuron D near the synapse to become hyperpolarized.

True

What class of membrane-transport protein is associated with triggering an action potential? a pump protein a voltage-gated ion channel a ligand-gated ion channel a sodium/potassium symporter

a voltage-gated ion channel

Which one of the following choices contains structures found in the hindbrain? cerebellum and pons limbic system thalamus and hypothalamus cerebral cortex

cerebellum and pons

Which region is LARGEST in a mammalian brain? hippocampus cerebral cortex cerebellum brainstem

cerebral cortex

Memory and learning take place in which area of the brain? cerebellum pons and medulla hypothalamus cerebrum and hippocampus

cerebrum and hippocampus

Which of the following is an example of the effector's role in maintaining homeostasis? decrease in body temperature on a cold day increased body temperature during a workout increased sweating on a hot summer day vasodilation on a cold winter day Instructional Guidance: This helps students evaluate different situations and determine the appropriate response. In doing so they can determine what the response of the effector is once stimulated by the hypothalamus.

increased sweating on a hot summer day

Which of the following brain regions controls drives, instincts, and emotion? cerebellum thalamus limbic system cerebrum

limbic system

Cephalization is thought to be an adaptation for: (Select all that apply.) taste perception. predation. forward locomotion. organ function.

predation forward locomotion

Dilated pupils, inhibited digestive activity, increased respiratory rate, and release of glucose from the liver are all signs of activity of: the somatic nervous system. the sympathetic division of the autonomic system. both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. the parasympathetic division of the autonomic system.

the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.