Major pathogens and disease states
Which of the following HPV types are most likely to be associated with cervical cancer?
16 and 18
A 36-year old woman is a known intravenous drug abuser, and gives a history of "several previous episodes of hepatitis". The laboratory workup is as follows: HBsAg- Reactive anti-HBs- Negative anti-HBc- Total Positive anti-HBc IgM- Negative anti-HAV- Total Positive anti-HCV- Positive anti-HAV IgM- Negative Which of the following diagnoses can be EXCLUDED based on laboratory data and current symptoms and history?
Acute hepatitis A
All of the following viruses have RNA as their nucleic acid content, EXCEPT:
Adenovirus
All of the following are considered a potentially infectious body fluid or a route of transmission for HIV, EXCEPT?
Airborne transmission
Which of the following is necessary to test for in order to detect patients in the "window" period of a hepatitis B infection?
Anti-HBc
All of the following are synonyms of the 2009 Influenza A H1N1 virus EXCEPT?
Avian flu
The stage of viral replication where the envelope is being acquired and the HIV is leaving the host cell is known as:
Budding
Which of the following conditions is associated with the Epstein-Barr Virus?
Burkitt's lymphoma
Which age group has been most affected by the H1N1 virus?
Children
Infections with all of the following viruses could cause malignant disease, except:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Parvovirus B19 is the only human pathogen in the family Parvoviridae. It is most known for its association with which of the following diseases?
Fifth disease
Which one of the following statements is true regarding the 2009 H1N1 virus?
In 2009, the novel H1N1 virus spread during warmer months.
What is a major reason why there is no viable HIV vaccine available on the market?
HIV has a high mutation rate due to the lack of proofreading ability by reverse transcriptase
Current CDC (2014) recommendations for initial HIV screening include FDA-approved immunoassay for detection of:
HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody, HIV-1 p24 antigen
What is the primary target of HIV?
Helper T-cell lymphocytes
What two glycoproteins are expressed on the surface of influenza A viruses and are used for subtyping of the viruses?
Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
Which of the following Hepatitis viruses is (are) transmitted through the fecal oral route and may be implicated in infections transmitted through contaminated food and water?
Hepatitis A
Which of the following is a DNA virus?
Hepatitis B virus
Which of the following types of influenza tends to be more severe than the others?
Influenza A
Which of the following cells will have detectable virus in the peripheral blood during active CMV infection?
Leukocytes
What is the primary target of HBV?
Liver
Which organ is the primary target of the hepatitis B virus?
Liver
Which EBV markers would be MOST likely positive for an individual who had infectious mononucleosis nine years ago?
Only anti-VCA (IgG) and anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) are positive.
Infections of the bone marrow are not only caused by bacteria and fungi, they can be caused by viruses as well. Which of the following viruses can often be isolated from bone marrow specimens?
Parvovirus B19
Which of the following viruses is MOST often reported as the cause of infection leading to aplastic crisis in a patient with sickle cell disease?
Parvovirus B19
The following are all possible causes of cell death in HIV infections, EXCEPT?
Penetration of the membrane by the HIV spike
Which type of healthcare occupational exposure has the greatest risk of HIV transmission?
Percutaneous injury
Which of the following conditions is a category B condition in a HIV-infected adult?
Peripheral neuropathy
Which animal was involved in the reassortment of influenza A viruses that led to the 2009 novel influenza A H1N1 virus?
Pigs
Which of the following viral families contains DNA as its nucleic acid?
Poxviridae
The core (genome) of the HIV virion contains:
RNA
HIV is known as a retrovirus because:
RNA is used as the template for DNA synthesis
HIV is known as a retrovirus because:
RNA is used as the template for DNA synthesis.
All of the following viruses are classified as retroviruses, EXCEPT?
Rabies virus
The disappearance of HBsAg and HBeAg, the persistence of Total anti-HBc, the appearance of anti-HBs, and often the presence of anti-HBe indicates what type of Hepatitis infection?
Recovery phase of HBV infection
Which virus is the MOST common etiological agent of viral respiratory diseases in infants and children?
Respiratory syncytial virus
Common colds are most often associated with which agent?
Rhinovirus
In a HPV infection, where does the viral DNA replicate?
Squamous epithelial cells
Which cell is targeted by the AIDS virus?
T lymphocyte
What is the primary target of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)?
T-helper cells
Which of the following statements about hepatitis C virus (HCV) is true?
The majority of individuals who are infected with HCV and develop antibodies in their serum (seroconvert) will develop a chronic infection and active liver disease.
All of the following viral causative agent and associated disease state combinations are correct EXCEPT:
Variola Virus: Polio
Which of the following conditions is caused by the Human Papilloma Virus?
Venereal Warts
A cerebrospinal (CSF) cell count is 1000 cells/µL. The cells on differential are predominantly lymphocytes. CSF protein is moderately elevated and the glucose is normal. No microorganisms were observed on a Gram stain smear of the CSF sediment. What is the MOST likely condition?
Viral meningitis
From the viruses listed below, select the one that is transmitted from birds to humans through a mosquito vector
West Nile virus
The Western Blot for HIV-1 infection identification looks for HIV p24 and what other two protein bands to confirm HIV-1 infection?
gp41 or gp160
