MAN 3120 - Organizational Behavior & Leadership Quizzes 1 - 8

Three basic levels of analysis in organizational behavior are individual, group, and organizational

True:

In a field study of corporate managers, upward feedback had a negative impact on the performance of low to moderate performers.

False

In conclusion, the authors state that organizations should help employee's balance work and family, not integrate them.

False

Individuals with a high need for affiliation are the most effective managers.

False

Job attitudes are most susceptible to change in early adulthood and least susceptible in late adulthood.

False

Job enlargement is also referred to as vertically loading the job.

False

Motivation and performance are the same thing.

False

One of the factors that influences an employee's expectancy perceptions is self-actualization.

False

Organizational commitment represents the extent to which an individual is personally involved with his/her work role.

False

Over the last 70 years, the intelligence scores of people in developed countries have shown a steady and significant decline

False

Over the last 70 years, the intelligence scores of people in developed countries have shown a steady and significant decline.

False

Self-efficacy is the belief about one's own self-worth based on an overall selfevaluation.

False

The Hawthorne studies showed that data-driven research cannot guide managerial actions.

False

Though it is unethical, ethnocentrism is good for business

False

To qualify as feedback, information must be subjective.

False

As a manager, Tammy can use all of these tips to provide effective feedback EXCEPT:

Focus feedback on personalities.

Yashmi has very high selfefficacy. Given this, she would exhibit all of these behavior patterns except one. Which one?

Focus on personal deficiencies

Which of these represent the correct sequence of stages in Tuckman's group development model?

Forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

Which of these is NOT an individual function of formal groups?

Generate new or creative ideas and solutions

According to research, positive perceptions of distributive and procedural justice are enhanced by:

Giving employees a "voice" in decisions that affect them

_____ is the productive potential of an individual's knowledge and actions.

Human capital

If Sunil wants to maintain at level of no dissatisfaction among his employees, which of these factors he should pay attention to?

Hygiene

According to research, the correlation between self-esteem and life satisfaction was stronger in ______ cultures.

Individualistic

_____ cultures, characterized as "I" and "Me" cultures, give priority to freedom and choice for each person.

Individualistic

Which of these task roles are goal-directed roles?

Initiator, orienter, and energizer

People at Cosmos Motors have always felt that they are unfairly treated when procedures are implemented. Such employee perceptions reflect ____________.

Interactional justice

Angelo derives pleasure from the actual task of writing a book. He can be described as __________ motivated.

Intrinsically

Bianca, a manager for Oil Traders, Inc., has been offered a promotion. She has her choice of which country she will work in. Her preference is to work in a culture where the correlation between selfesteem and life satisfaction is not strong. Based on what research tells us, which of these countries should Bianca choose?

Japan

Bianca, a manager for Oil Traders, Inc., has been offered a promotion. She has her choice of which country she will work in. Her preference is to work in a culture where the correlation between self-esteem and life satisfaction is not strong. Based on what research tells us, which of these countries should Bianca choose?

Japan.

Jim, a manager, has a subordinate, Tom, whose coworkers feel is a jerk. What should Jim do?

Talk to Tom, being direct and specific about the offensive behavior

Individual issues of "What do the others expect me to do?" are addressed in the norming stage of Tuckman's group development model.

True

Intelligence is a universally positive leader attribute.

True

Jennifer went to the website of ABC Company before her interview with them so that she would appear knowledgeable and increase her chances of a job offer. Jennifer was exhibiting her extrinsic motivation.

True

Managers can influence subordinates' expectancies and instrumentalities, but can only monitor valences.

True

Managers should create challenging task assignments or goals because the need for achievement is positively correlated with goal commitment, which, in turn, influences performance.

True

Motivation, according to Vroom, boils down to the decision of how much effort to exert in a specific task situation.

True

Negative emotions are said to be "goalincongruent".

True

One reason feedback often fails is because it is used to punish, embarrass, or put down employees.

True

Organizational culture influences the type of organizational structure adopted by a company.

True

Prior to the human relations movement, employees were viewed and treated simply as inputs into the production process.

True

Research does not clearly support Maslow's Need Hierarchy theory.

True

Research overwhelmingly demonstrates a moderately strong relationship between job characteristics and satisfaction.

True

Research reveals that individuals can be trained to be more accurate raters of performance.

True

Research reveals that of the Big Five personality dimensions, conscientiousness has the strongest positive correlation with job performance.

True

Research suggests that feeling the emotions they express may reduce employees' stress.

True

Shaping is defined as the process of reinforcing closer and closer approximations to a target behavior.

True

Specific, difficult goals lead to higher performance for simple, but not for complex, tasks.

True

The ability to form connections and bring people together, characterized by intercultural empathy, interpersonal impact, and diplomacy is known as social capital.

True

The relative importance of extrinsic and intrinsic rewards is a matter of culture and personal tastes.

True

To manage job behavior effectively, managers must adequately understand subordinates' underlying cognitive processes.

True

Upward feedback is generally anonymous.

True

Valence mirrors our personal preferences.

True

The process by which employees learn an organization's values, norms, and required behaviors is known as

socialization

A(n) _____ is an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics or attributes of a group.

stereotype

According to recent survey, job satisfaction is highest in _____________.

Denmark

Which of these would be considered a group?

A committee

Achievement-motivated people share which of these characteristics?

A preference for situations in which performance is due to their effort rather than other factors.

Which of these is a key managerial implication of Maslow's theory?

A satisfied need may loose its motivational potential.

According to research, the correlation between self-esteem and life satisfaction was stronger in ______ cultures.

According to research, the correlation between selfesteem and life satisfaction was stronger in ______ cultures.

Jamie has a desire to accomplish something difficult. This relates to McClelland's need for:

Achievement.

_____ focuses on achieving equality of opportunity in an organization.

Affirmative action

Abdul received an "A" on the final exam of Organizational Behavior. When asked by his roommate how he managed to pull an "A" on the final, he replied, "I am just lucky." Abdul can be described as having:

An external locus of control

Which of the following best describes the field of organizational behavior?

An interdisciplinary field dedicated to better understanding and managing people at work

In Mitchell's Job Performance Model of motivation, __________ is NOT a component of job context.

Beliefs and values

Nontraditional feedback is growing in popularity for all of these reasons except one. Which one?

Co-workers and lower-level employees are said to know less about a manager's strengths and limitations than her boss.

Equity theory is based on __________ theory.

Cognitive dissonance

If Clint is dependable, responsible, achievement oriented, and persistent, he is demonstrating which of these Big Five personality dimensions?

Conscientiousness

Nontraditional feedback is growing in popularity for all of these reasons except one. Which one

Coworkers and lower-level employees are said to know less about a manager's strengths and limitations than her boss.

Employees at Globe Trade have always felt that resources and rewards are allocated unfairly at work. Such employee perceptions reflect _________.

Distributive justice

Bimal is a high selfmonitor. What advice would you offer him, based on research?

Don't overdo it by turning into someone who is widely perceived as insincere, phony, dishonest, and untrustworthy.

_____ is the capacity for recognizing and managing one's own and others' emotions.

Emotional intelligence

The values and norms that are exhibited by employees are called:

Enacted values

Marjorie has no tolerance for negative inequity. She can be described as

Entitled

_____ represent the explicitly stated values and norms that are preferred by an organization.

Espoused values

According to research on Big Five personality dimensions, _____ is associated with success for managers and sales people.

Extraversion

A person will experience negative inequity when his/her outcome to input ratio is greater than that of a relevant co-worker.

False

A stereotype is a mental picture of an event or object.

False

According to research, there is only a modest positive correlation between financial incentives and performance quality, and no impact of financial incentives on performance quantity.

False

According to the recent survey of adults in 39 countries, job satisfaction was highest in the United States (61%).

False

Bad moods are contagious, but good moods are not.

False

Boring and tedious jobs tend to enhance a person's perceived selfefficacy.

False

Diversity is primarily an issue of race, age, and gender.

False

Failure to build and lead a team often causes executives to fail in European countries, but rarely in the United States.

False

In an effort to redesign jobs, Young Oak, manager of Perfect Printing, Inc., added various tasks to Li Yen's job. In addition to copying, now Li Yen is also responsible for collating, putting covers on each job, stapling, and mailing back the final completed product to the customer. This can be described as an example of ____________.

Job enlargement

Suzie is moved from one specialized job to another at work. Her supervisor calls it his way of reducing boredom in job. This is an example of _____________.

Job rotation

Tara has a debilitating belief that she has no control over her environment. Her condition can be described as:

Learned helplessness

According to research, managers who received anonymous upward feedback received ________ ratings and liked the process ________ than did those receiving feedback from identifiable employees.

Lower; less

According to the textbook, 360o feedback programs should be used for:

Management development discussions

_____ entails enabling people to perform up to their maximum potential

Managing diversity

_____ is defined as the process of forming and maintaining developmental relationships between a senior and a junior person.

Mentoring

Which of the following is true of mentoring new employees within an organization?

Mentoring provides protégés with psychological and social support as well as providing job related training.

According to a survey of students from 31 countries worldwide, a ______ correlation was found between selfesteem and self-satisfaction.

Moderate positive

_______ are physiological and psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior.

Needs

Self-efficacy can be damaged by _______________ feedback.

Negative

After a disciplinary meeting with her subordinate Jill, Lucille realizes that Jill probably didn't "get the message". Which of the following should Lucille NOT do?

Nothing; it's Jill's problem

Which of these is a Theory Y assumption about people at work?

People can learn to accept and seek responsibility.

Which of these does NOT qualify as objective information?

Poor job

At work, if Jamal's outcome to input ratio is greater than that of Tony's (his relevant co-worker), Jamal will experience:

Positive inequity

Generally, people tend to perceive and recall __________ feedback more accurately than they do __________ feedback.

Positive, negative

Nick likes to work, and is concerned with discipline and self-respect. He has the desire to teach and encourage others to achieve. Nick can be described as an individual with a high need for ______.

Power

All of the following factors influence an employee's expectancy perceptions except:

Self-serving bias

Which of the following refers to the productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships?

Social capital

Being able to visualize how geometric shapes would look if transformed in shape or position refers to _____ ability.

Spatial

"SMART" goals stands for:

Specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and time bound

A good reward system should foster personal growth and development and keep talented people from leaving.

True

Absenteeism and turnover are considered to be counterproductive work behaviors.

True

According to Adams, the two primary components involved in the employee-employer exchange are inputs and outcomes.

True

According to Festinger's theory, people are motivated to maintain consistency between their cognitive beliefs and their behavior.

True

An organization's culture can be a source of competitive advantage.

True

Developing cross-cultural skills are among the skills necessary to become an effective global manager.

True

Efficacy performance cycles can spiral upward toward success or downward toward failure.

True

Efficacy-performance cycles can spiral upward toward success or downward toward failure.

True

Emotions involve the whole person - biology, psychology, and social aspects.

True

Formal socialization is the practice of segregating a newcomer from regular organization members during a defined socialization period.

True

An expectancy of __________ indicates effort has no anticipated impact on performance.

Zero

Anyone living or working in a foreign country is called:

an expatriate

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The belief that one's native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others is known as:

ethnocentrism.

Longterm memory is made up of three compartments. They are:

events, semantic materials, and people.

Contingency theory in management grew from the awareness that

organizational behavior theories cannot be applied to all situations.