Management Chapter 2-5 Quiz

______ programs help employees to integrate, assimilate, and transition to new jobs.

Onboarding

Which of the following is the most fixed of a person's individual differences?

intelligence

________ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.

Organizational commitment

T/F It is always a mistake to use stereotypes.

False

When Harry has a perceived conflict with a co-worker, he will send them e-mails that are taunting or insulting. This is an example of

CWB.

T/F "Individual differences" is a narrow category only used to describe the "Big Five" personality attributes.

False

T/F Job satisfaction has a negative association with OCB and a positive relationship with CWB.

False

T/F Managers can have great impact on fixed individual differences.

False

T/F Perception is the process of becoming consciously aware of something or someone.

False

T/F The four stages of stereotype formation, in order, are categorization, expectations, inferences, and maintenance.

False

T/F A manager should use Schwartz's model to understand employees and assign them tasks that are consistent with their values

True

T/F An instrumentality represents an individual's belief that a particular outcome is contingent on accomplishing a specific level of performance.

True

T/F Attitudes have three components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral.

True

T/F Equity theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness.

True

T/F In Maslow's need hierarchy, the most basic need (and the one that must be met first) is physiological.

True

T/F In the self-serving bias, employees attribute their success to internal factors and their failures to external factors.

True

______ is the positive or negative value people place on outcomes.

Valence

Gina says, "I can type 70 words per minute with no errors." She is expressing

a high self-efficacy.

People with __________ often see the causes of events in their lives as due to luck or other environmental factors.

an external locus of control

Personal attitudes affect _______ via ______.

behavior; intentions

Which characteristic is shared by the perceiver and the target?

direction of gaze

______ justice is the perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed or allocated.

distributive

In the job characteristics model, the presence of skill variety, task identity, and task significance cause an employee to feel

experienced meaningfulness of the work.

___________ occurs when an individual is "turned on to one's work because of the positive internal feelings that are generated by doing well."

Intrinsic motivation

T/F Increasing the autonomy of a person's job is one effective way to increase that person's self-efficacy.

True

T/F Job satisfaction is not a unitary concept; a person may be satisfied with one aspect of his or her job and dissatisfied with one or more other aspects.

True

T/F People program themselves for success or failure by enacting their self-efficacy expectations.

True

T/F People with an external locus of control generally earn lower salaries than those with an internal locus of control.

True

The _____ model suggests that managers should monitor employees' perceptions of fairness.

equity

T/F Research has found that some aspects of an individual's disposition are significantly associated with some aspects of job satisfaction, such as having autonomy or receipt of rewards.

True

_____ is the extent to which a job enables an individual to experience freedom, independence, and discretion.

Autonomy

T/F When making attributions about a worker's performance, people can assign responsibility to either internal or external factors.

True

T/F The potential to learn and use spoken and written languages is known as linguistic intelligence.

True

Kelley hypothesized that people make causal attributions by observing

consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.

Norah and Katy work together. They are also friends outside of work. Norah and Katy are constantly texting each other. Their supervisor comments that, while this might be fine outside of work, it's inappropriate to constantly text each other in the office. This is an example of

context of interaction.

If a person views a situation as having high consensus, high distinctiveness, and low consistency, he or she is likely to make an attribution of

external causes.

Which of the following is not one of the basic dimensions of the Big Five personality dimensions?

locus of control

A person will experience _______ when his or her outcome to input ratio is less than that of a relevant comparison person.

negative inequity

T/F The goal of the job characteristics model is to promote low extrinsic motivation.

False

T/F Perception is influenced by three key components: the characteristics of the perceiver, of the target, and of the situation.

True