MATH 105 Final Exam
9) It is possible for one person's weight to be 148% less than another person's weight. A) True B) False
B) False
10) 49 students are selected at random from the Sophomore class, 39 from the Junior class, and 48 from the Senior classes. A) Systematic B) Convenience C) Stratified D) Simple random
C) Stratified
83) There are 12 girls and 15 boys in a kindergarten class. 8 of the girls and 10 of the boys are right handed.
(See venn diagram in review)
40) The marital status of individuals A) Quantitative B) Qualitative
B) Qualitative
51) Use the range rule of thumb to approximate the standard deviation. 496, 598, 503, 528, 565, 601, 576, 543 A) 18.75 B) 60.6 C) 26.25 D) 170.2
C) 26.25
41) The ages of 25 patients who suffered strokes are as follows. 69 72 46 81 45 50 57 61 48 56 77 58 74 73 80 47 53 60 58 46 61 66 55 79 84 Use 5-point bins ( 45-49, 50-54, etc)
(See chart in review)
42) 24 high school students were asked how many hours they had spent preparing for a test. The times (in hours) are as follows: 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 9, 7, 6, 3, 8, 5, 5, 8, 6, 5, 8, 6, 5, 7, 5, 8, 7, 4 Use 2-point bins (3 to 4, 5 to 6, etc) to construct the relative frequency histogram.
(See graph in review)
84) In a survey of 80 pet owners, 50 had a dog, 33 had a cat, and 12 had both a cat and a dog.
(See venn diagram in review)
85) In a freshman class of 50 students, 30 students are taking math, 24 students are taking history, and 15 students are taking both math and history.
(See venn diagram in review)
82) In a complex of 60 apartments, 40 apartments have cable television, 25 apartments have a dishwasher, and 13 apartments have both cable television and a dishwasher.
(See venn diagram in review) (#76-81 is not on exam)
6) The following table show the results of a clinical trial for an allergy drug. Allergy drug Placebo Control (no treatment) Total Improvement 145 85 41 271 No improvement 55 115 59 229 Total 200 200 100 500 What is the probability that a randomly selected person received no treatment or improved? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.66 B) 0.742 C) 0.082 D) 0.89
A) 0.66
87) Your car gets 33 miles per gallon of gasoline, and you drive at an average speed of 44 miles per hour. How much gas do you use in an hour? A) 1.33 gal B) 0.75 gal C) 1.45 gal D) 0.69 gal
A) 1.33 gal
44) The number of vehicles passing through a bank drive-up line during each 15-minute period was recorded. The results are shown below. Find the median number of vehicles going through the line in a fifteen-minute period. 20 22 20 23 23 20 25 22 30 26 26 24 19 26 20 15 10 22 22 22 A) 22 B) 23 C) 26 D) 21.85
A) 22
47) The speeds (in mi/h) of the cars passing a certain checkpoint are measured by radar. The results are shown below. 40.9 40.0 41.3 40.3 40.7 40.7 40.0 41.9 40.2 40.3 40.9 41.9 40.3 42.8 40.0 44.7 44.7 41.3 43.3 40.9 A) 40.9 , 40.3 , 40.0 B) 40.0 C) 40.9 D) 40.40
A) 40.9 , 40.3 , 40.0
49) The weekly salaries (in dollars) of sixteen government workers are listed below. 690 599 813 644 728 576 481 618 529 679 685 465 559 787 498 826 A) 465, 544.0 , 631.0 , 709, 826 B) 465, 536.50 , 618, 718.5, 826 C) 465, 529, 618, 690, 826 D) 465, 536.50 , 631.0 , 718.5, 826
A) 465, 544.0 , 631.0 , 709, 826
90) The population of Placerville grew from 4360 a decade ago to 6590 today. A) Absolute change: 2230 Percentage change: 51.1% B) Absolute change: 2230 Percentage change: 33.8 % C) Absolute change:-2230 Percentage change: 51.1% D) Absolute change: 33.8 % Percentage change: 2230
A) Absolute change: 2230 Percentage change: 51.1%
28) A medical researcher randomly selects 500 Japanese people and 500 Americans. She questions the 1000 people. She finds that the Americans work longer hours on average and also that the Americans have a higher rate of heart disease. She concludes that working longer hours is associated with a higher incidence of heart disease. A) Confounding variables B) Selection bias C) The source D) Participation bias E) Variables are hard to define/measure
A) Confounding variables
8) To avoid working late, a quality control analyst simply inspects the first 100 items produced in a day. A) Convenience B) Systematic C) Simple random D) Stratified
A) Convenience
31) As voters left various polls across the city, every tenth voter at each polling place was asked who they had chosen to be the next mayor. A) No Bias B) Participation Bias C) Selection Bias D) Participation Bias and Selection Bias
A) No Bias
66) The number of siblings of the students at Bloomington High School A) Not normal B) Normal
A) Not normal
55) 34 of the 220 suicide cases occurred on a Monday. A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
A) Not statistically significant
59) A consumer advocacy group believes that the mean volume of juice in a company's 16-ounce juice bottles is actually less than 16 ounces. A) Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces B) Null hypothesis: mean volume > 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces C) Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume ≤ 16 ounces D) Null hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces
A) Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces
38) The political affiliations of residents of a city A) Qualitative B) Quantitative
A) Qualitative
37) The population of a town A) Quantitative B) Qualitative
A) Quantitative
39) Waiting time at a bus stop (in minutes) A) Quantitative B) Qualitative
A) Quantitative
95) Anne counts the number of cars passing an intersection in a 15-minute period. Sometimes she makes errors in counting. A) Random error B) Systematic error
A) Random error
86) Patients in a (hypothetical) hospital on a single day were taking antibiotics (A), blood pressure medication (BP), and pain medication (P) in the following numbers: A only 11 A and BP only 14 BP only 7 A and P only 26 P only 23 BP and P only 19 None 5 All three 20 Draw a three -circle Venn diagram that summarizes the results in the table.
A) See venn diagram in review
21) A poll is taken of likely voters the day before the mayoral election in the town of Ingleside. The poll reveals that 54% of voters plan to vote for Anne Sanchez. The margin of error is 3.9 percentage points. Which of the following statements best describes Anne Sanchez's chance of winning? A) She is very likely to win B) It is about 50 -50 C) She is certain to win ' D) She has a 54% chance of winning
A) She is very likely to win
9) A pollster uses a computer to generate 500 random numbers, then interviews the voters corresponding to those numbers. A) Simple random B) Stratified C) Systematic D) Convenience
A) Simple random
18) Which of the following describes a study in which the patients do not know whether they are receiving the treatment or the placebo but the experimenters do know? A) Single-blind experiment B) Observational study C) Double -blind experiment D) Case-control study
A) Single-blind experiment
52) You draw a card at random from a deck of cards and replace it. You repeat this 100 times and get an ace 40 times. A) Statistically significant B) Not statistically significant
A) Statistically significant
5) A sample consists of every 20th student who leaves the library. A) Systematic B) Stratified C) Convenience D) Simple random
A) Systematic
48) The owner of a small manufacturing plant employs six people. The commute distances, in miles, for the six employees are listed below. 2.4 5.1 1.4 4.3 6.2 3.9 A) 1.4 mi B) 4.8 mi C) 1.5 mi D) 5.1 mi
B) 4.8 mi
15) Following the Republican National Convention, a poll of voters in a Central Illinois community showed that 58.1% would choose the Republican ticket to win over the Democrat ticket no matter whom the Democrats chose for vice -president. The margin of error was 4.2 percentage points. Should the Democrats expect to lose Central Illinois? A) 56% to 60.2%; yes B) 53.9 % to 62.3 %; yes C) 58.1% to 62.3 %; yes D) 49.7% to 58.1%; no
B) 53.9% to 62.3%; yes
93) The value of her house today is 400% more than when she bought it. Determine which of the statement's below is true. A) The value of her house today is 5 times what it was when she bought it. B) The value of her house today is 4 times what it was when she bought it. C) The value of her house today is 400% of the value when she bought it. D) The value of her house today is 500% more than when she bought it.
A) The value of her house today is 5 times what it was when she bought it.
10) If you score 70% on the midterm math exam and 80% on the final exam, your overall score willbe greater than 75%. Assume that the final counts for 60% of the grade and that the midterm counts for 40% of the grade. A) True B) False
A) True
7) If I earn 60% more than you, then you must earn 37.5 % less than me. A) True B) False
A) True
3) The following table show the results of a clinical trial for an allergy drug. Allergy drug Placebo Control (no treatment) Total Improvement 145 85 41 271 No improvement 55 115 59 229 Total 200 200 100 500 What is the probability that a randomly selected person either was given the allergy drug or did not improve? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.11 B) 0.748 C) 0.858 D) 0.458
B) 0.748
89) You can buy laundry product in a 30-ounce bottle for $6.00 or in a 24-ounce bottle for $4.08 . A) not enough information B) 24-ounce bottle for $4.08 C) equal value D) 30-ounce bottle for $6.00
B) 24-ounce bottle for $4.08
45) Last year, nine employees of an electronics company retired. Their ages at retirement are listed below. Find the mean retirement age. Round your answer to the nearest tenth. 57 64 59 53 66 58 67 51 54 A) 58.1 B) 58.8 C) 58.0 D) 57.5
B) 58.8
17) Which of the following describes a study in which the participants naturally form groups by choice? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Double-blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment
B) Case-control study
8) If my salary increases by 20% each year, in 5 years, I will earn exactly twice as much as I do now. A) True B) False
B) False
34) A researcher wishes to determine the level of support for a new environmental law. Which of the following questions will produce the most accurate results? A) How do you feel about this latest new environmental law? B) How do you feel about the new environmental law? C) Are you in favor of the new environmental law which will improve the quality of our air? D) Are you in favor of the new environmental law which will cost taxpayers ten million dollars?
B) How do you feel about the new environmental law?
67) The amount of coffee which a filling machine puts into "4 ounce jars" A) Not normal B) Normal
B) Normal
68) Resting heart rates for adults A) Not normal B) Normal
B) Normal
64) The amount of property taxes paid by homeowners A) Normal B) Not normal
B) Not normal
53) You draw a card at random from a deck of cards and replace it. You repeat this 60 times and get a heart 13 times. A) Statistically significant B) Not statistically significant
B) Not statistically significant
19) Which of the following describes a study in which the researchers do not attempt to change the characteristics of those being studied? A) Case-control study B) Observational study C) Double -blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment
B) Observational study
7) How do lawyers' salaries compare to doctors' salaries? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Observational study C) Experiment without blinding D) Experiment with double blinding E) Case-control study
B) Observational study
32) You are interested in the degree of satisfaction amongst customers at your video store. For one week, you hand a customer satisfaction questionnaire to every customer who comes into the store and ask them to fill it out and place it in a box after they check out. A) Participation Bias and Selection Bias B) Participation Bias C) Selection Bias D) No Bias
B) Participation Bias
30) A researcher published this survey result: "74% of people would be willing to spend 10 percent more for energy from a non-polluting source". The survey question was announced on a national radio show and 1200 listeners responded by calling in. A) Participation bias only B) Participation bias and selection bias C) No bias D) Selection bias only
B) Participation bias and selection bias
60) A consumer advocacy group believes that the mean volume of juice in a company's 16-ounce juice bottles is actually less than 16 ounces. The hypotheses are as follows: Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is not equalto 16 ounces. Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean volume is equal to 16 ounces. B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces. C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean volume is equal to 16 ounces. D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces. Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean volume is equal to 16 ounces.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces.
29) "38% of adults in the United States regularly visit a doctor". This conclusion was reached by a college student after she had questioned 520 randomly selected members of her college. What is wrong with her survey? A) Confounding variables B) Selection bias C) Wording of question D) Setting may not encourage honest responses E) Participation bias
B) Selection bias
54) In nine out of the last ten years, the stock market has gone up. A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
B) Statistically significant
94) A survey is conducted on smoking amongst teenagers. When questioned by adults, teenagers tend to underreport how much they smoke. A) Random error B) Systematic error
B) Systematic error
92) The area of Jose's apartment is 45% more than the area of Alan's apartment. Determine which of the statement's below is true. A) The area of Jose's apartment is 45% of the area of Alan's apartment. B) The area of Jose's apartment is 145% of the area of Alan's apartment. C) The area of Alan's apartment is 45% less than the area of Jose's apartment. D) The area of Jose's apartment is 145% more than the area of Alan's apartment.
B) The area of Jose's apartment is 145% of the area of Alan's apartment.
36) Which of the following quantities of interest would be the most difficult to define? A) The least expensive brand of paint B) The paint with the best looking finish C) The levels of lead in various brands of paint D) How water resistant a brand of paint is
B) The paint with the best looking finish
4) For the study described below, identify the sample statistic. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were under represented in management positions in their company. A) The number of women polled. B) The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company. C) The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company. D) The 1500 women polled
B) The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company.
96) The true distance from your home to your office is 33.5 miles but your odometer reads 35.1 miles. A) absolute error: 1.6 miles relative error: 4.6 % B) absolute error: 1.6 miles relative error: 4.8 % C) absolute error: 1.6 miles relative error: 0.5 % D) absolute error: -1.6 miles relative error: -4.8%
B) absolute error: 1.6 miles relative error: 4.8 %
71) A data value 1.8 standard deviations below the mean. A) z = 1.8; percentile = 96.41 B) z = -1.8; percentile = 3.59 C) z = -0.18; percentile = 42.07 D) z = -1.8; percentile = 96.41
B) z = -1.8; percentile = 3.59
2) For the study described below, identify the population parameter. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were underrepresented in management positions in their company. A)The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. C)The percentage of all American women who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in large companies. D)All American women working for large companies
B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company.
56) Find the margin of error for the survey results described. In a poll of 433 adults, 46% said that they favored the proposed environmental laws. Give your answer as a decimal to three decimal places. A) 0.024 B) 0.096 C) 0.048 D) 0.002
C) 0.048
*More questions 1) The table below describes the smoking habits of a group of asthma sufferers. Nonsmoker Light smoker Heavy smoker Total Men 327 83 75 485 Women 370 60 64 494 Total 697 143 139 979 If one of the 979 subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the person chosen is a nonsmoker and a woman. Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.749 B) 0.505 C) 0.378 D) 0.531
C) 0.378
72) Assume that math SAT scores are normally distributed with a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 100. A score of 560 represents what percentile? Round the percentile to the nearest tenth. A) 68.8 B) 66.7 C) 72.6 D) 70.1
C) 72.6
73) The monthly incomes of trainees at a local factory are normally distributed with a mean of $1600 and a standard deviation $150. What percentage of trainees earn less than $1390 a month? A) 1.40% B) 91.92% C) 8.08% D) 44.04%
C) 8.08%
22) In a study to determine the most popular automobile on the road, which of the following is the most representative sample? A) A random sample of the cars parked at a local high school B) A random sample of the cars parked at an airport C) A random sample of the cars driving on the highway D) A random sample of the cars that drive by your house
C) A random sample of the cars driving on the highway
88) Suppose water flows from a shower at a rate of 0.32 cubic feet per minute. Do you use more water by taking a 12-minute shower or by filling a bathtub with 0.4 cubic yards of water, and by how much? A) Bath uses an additional 3.44 ft3 of water B) Shower uses an additional 6.96 ft3 of water C) Bath uses an additional 6.96 ft3 of water D) Shower uses an additional 3.44 ft3 of water
C) Bath uses an additional 6.96 ft3 of water
16) Which of the following describes a study in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know which participants are in the control group? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Double-blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment
C) Double-blind experiment
20) Double blinding is used in an experiment to avoid which of the following problems? A) If the researcher knows that the patient received the treatment, the researcher may also experience health changes B) If the patient knows that he received the placebo and not the treatment he may be angry and fail to tell the truth C) If an experimenter knows whether the patient has received the treatment or the placebo, this may influence how he or she questions the patient D) If improvement is observed in a patient, it is difficult to know whether this is due to the treatment or the placebo effect
C) If an experimenter knows whether the patient has received the treatment or the placebo, this may influence how he or she questions the patient
46) People who eat a lot of junk food are heavier, on the whole, than those who do not. A) Positive correlation; coincidence B) Negative correlation; direct cause C) Positive correlation; direct cause D) Positive correlation; common underlying cause
C) Positive correlation; direct cause
27) A film critic is interested in knowing which is the most popular film of the year amongst Americans. To answer this question, he conducts a telephone poll in the New York metropolitan area and asks each person to name their favorite film of the year. A) Confounding variables B) Setting may not encourage honest responses C) Selection bias D) Participation bias E) Wording of the question
C) Selection bias
62) What does it mean for an observed difference to be statistically significant at the 0.01 level? A) The probability of the observed difference occurring if the alternative hypothesis is true is 1 in 100 or less. B) The probability of the observed difference occurring if the alternative hypothesis is true is 1 in 100 or more. C) The probability of the observed difference occurring by chance is 1 in 100 or less. D) The probability of the observed difference occurring by chance is 1 in 100 or more.
C) The probability of the observed difference occurring by chance is 1 in 100 or less.
65) If a hypothesis test is conducted at a significance level of 0.05, which of the following statements is true? A) The probability that the null hypothesis will not be rejected when it is false is 0.05. B) The probability that the result will be significant is 0.05. C) The probability that the null hypothesis will be rejected when it is true is 0.05. D) The probability that the null hypothesis will be rejected when it is false is 0.05.
C) The probability that the null hypothesis will be rejected when it is true is 0.05.
24) A pharmaceutical company conducted a study to test the effectiveness of its new anti-depression medication. 500 adults suffering from depression were selected at random and were randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a placebo group. The experiment was double blind. The results were analyzed by the company. A) Variables are difficult to define/measure B) Confounding variables C) The source of the study D) Selection bias E) The setting may not encourage honest responses
C) The source of the study
26) A high school principal wanted to know how the teachers at her school felt about early dismissal for Homecoming. She put the names of the 114 faculty in a hat and randomly selected 30 of the names. She gave questionnaires to those 30 people asking whether they agreed or disagreed with the following statement: "Valuable learning time should not be sacrificed for extracurricular social activities." The questionnaires were filled out anonymously. Her conclusion was that 80% of the faculty were opposed to early dismissal for Homecoming. A) The setting may discourage honest responses B) Confounding variables C) The wording of the question D) Participation bias E) Selection bias
C) The wording of the question
25) A researcher randomly selected 500 college students and asked "How many IQ points would you sacrifice to become better looking?". The following conclusion was published in the student newspaper "Students would sacrifice 18 IQ points to be better looking." A) Selection bias B) The source C) Variables are hard to define/measure D) Confounding variables E) Participation bias
C) Variables are hard to define/measure
35) A recent newspaper article stated that Snazzy's is the most popular restaurant in the city. The city council decided to sponsor its own survey to determine the accuracy of the article. Which of the following survey questions will give the most accurate results? A) Which restaurant do you think is the most popular in the city? B) Do you agree that Snazzy's is the most popular restaurant in the city? C) Which restaurant in the city do you visit most often? D) Which restaurant in the city do you think is the most crowded?
C) Which restaurant in the city do you visit most often?
69) Scores on a test are normally distributed with a mean of 86 and a standard deviation of 10. What is the standard score for an exam score of 79 ? A) 0.8 B) -1.43 C) -0.8 D) -0.7
D) -0.7
5) The following table show the results of a clinical trial for an allergy drug. Allergy drug Placebo Control (no treatment) Total Improvement 145 85 41 271 No improvement 55 115 59 229 Total 200 200 100 500 What is the probability that a randomly selected person was given a placebo and improved? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.772 B) 0.942 C) 0.69 D) 0.17
D) 0.17
2) The following table show the results of a clinical trial for an allergy drug. Allergy drug Placebo Control (no treatment) Total Improvement 145 85 41 271 No improvement 55 115 59 229 Total 200 200 100 500 What is the probability that a randomly selected person was given the allergy drug and improved? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.652 B) 0.942 C) 0.46 D) 0.29
D) 0.29
4) The following table show the results of a clinical trial for an allergy drug. Allergy drug Placebo Control (no treatment) Total Improvement 145 85 41 271 No improvement 55 115 59 229 Total 200 200 100 500 What is the probability that a randomly selected person was given a placebo or improved? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth when necessary. A) 0.69 B) 0.17 C) 0.942 D) 0.772
D) 0.772
57) Find a 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion. In a poll of 1082 college students, 19% said that they had cheated at least once on an exam. A) 17.5 % to 20.5 % B) 18.9 % to 19.1% C) 12.9 % to 25.1% D) 16.0 % to 22.0 %
D) 16.0 % to 22.0 %
50) Find the standard deviation for the given data. Round your answer to one more decimal place than the original data. 7, 15, 14, 10, 10, 9, 19, 19, 12 A) 4.6 B) 1.6 C) 4.0 D) 4.3
D) 4.3
13) A poll conducted the day before the student-body presidential election at a midwestern university showed that 53.0 percent favored Mario, the rest favoring Yin Ling. The margin of error was 5.0 percentage points. Should Yin Ling have conceded the election? A) 48% to 53.0 %; no B) 53.0 % to 58%; yes C) 50.5 % to 55.5 %; yes D) 48% to 58%; no
D) 48% to 58%; no
75) Scores on a test are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 9. The teacher wants to give A's to the top 10% of students, B's to the next 25%, and C's to the next 42%. What is the bottom cutoff for a C grade? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. A) 68 B) 77 C) 65 D) 63
D) 63
74) In a certain country, weights of women are normally distributed with a mean of 138 lb and a standard deviation of 15 lb. What percentage of women in that country weigh more than 120 lb? A) 11.51% B) 1.20% C) 53.98% D) 88.49%
D) 88.49%
91) In the college there are 1400 male students and 1050 female students. A) Absolute difference: -350 Relative difference: -25% B) Absolute difference: 350 Relative difference: 3.3 % C) Absolute difference: 350 Relative difference: 25% D) Absolute difference: 350 Relative difference: 33.3 %
D) Absolute difference: 350 Relative difference: 33.3 %
14) Does caffeine cause birth defects? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Observational study C) Experiment with double blinding D) Case-control study E) Experiment without blinding
D) Case-control study
6) Does smoking elevate blood pressure? A) Observational study B) Experiment without blinding C) Experiment with double blinding D) Case-control study E) Experiment with single blinding
D) Case-control study
63) Toni is conducting a hypothesis test concerning a population proportion. The hypotheses are as follows. Null hypothesis: population proportion = 0.2 Alternative hypothesis.: population proportion > 0.2 She selects a sample and finds that the sample proportion is 0.21. She then does some calculations and is able to make the following statement: If the population proportion were 0.2, the chance that the sample proportion would have come out as big as 0.21 or bigger is 0.4. Which of the following is a reasonable conclusion? A) Accept the alternative hypothesis. The sample provides evidence to support the alternative hypothesis. B) Accept the null hypothesis. The sample provides evidence to support the null hypothesis. C) Accept the null hypothesis. The sample provides no evidence against the alternative hypothesis. D) Do not reject the null hypothesis. The sample provides no evidence against the null hypothesis.
D) Do not reject the null hypothesis. The sample provides no evidence against the null hypothesis.
43) In Angela's class, the taller students got lower scores on the test. A) Positive correlation; coincidence B) Negative correlation; common underlying cause C) Positive correlation; common underlying cause D) Negative correlation; coincidence
D) Negative correlation; coincidence
58) Carter Motor Company claims that its new sedan, the Libra, will average better than 25 miles per gallon, which is the gas mileage of its competitor. A) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage ≥ 23 mpg B) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage < 23 mpg Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg C) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg D) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
D) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
61) A health insurer has determined that the "reasonable and customary" fee for a certain medical procedure is $1200. They suspect that the average fee charged by one particular clinic for this procedure is higher than $1200. The insurer wants to perform a hypothesis test to determine whether their suspicion is correct. The hypothesis tests are as follows: Null hypothesis: mean fee = $1200 Alternative hypothesis: mean fee > $1200 A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is not equal to $1200. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is greater than $1200. B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200. Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean fee is equal to $1200. C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is equal to $1200. D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is greater than $1200.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is greater than $1200.
33) You are interested in the percentage of people in your city who favor tax cuts. You interview every twentieth person as they leave the church in your neighborhood. A) Participation bias B) No bias C) Participation bias and selection bias D) Selection bias
D) Selection bias
23) In a study to determine the average weight of a house cat, which of the following is the most representative sample? A) All of the cats that a pet groomer sees in one week B) All of the cats in your neighborhood C) All of the cats that a veterinarian sees in one week D) Some of the cats in each of several neighborhoods
D) Some of the cats in each of several neighborhoods
70) A data value 0.6 standard deviations above the mean. A) z = 0.06; percentile = 51.99 B) z = -0.6; percentile = 27.43 C) z = 0.6; percentile = 2.5 D) z = 0.6; percentile = 72.57
D) z = 0.6; percentile = 72.57
1) For the study described below, identify the population. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were underrepresented in management positions in their company. A)All American women B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. C)The 1500 women polled D)All American women working for large companies
D)All American women working for large companies
12) Does the new medication relieve depression? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Case-control study C) Observational study D) Experiment without blinding E) Experiment with double blinding
E) Experiment with double blinding
11) Does an hour of meditation per day lower blood pressure? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Experiment with double blinding D) Experiment with single blinding E) Experiment without blinding
E) Experiment without blinding
3) Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue. -You want to know the percentage of college seniors who regret their choice of major.
Step 1: Population is all college seniors; goal is to determine the percentage of college seniors who regret their choice of major. Step 2: Choose a representative sample Step 3: Determine percentage of seniors within the sample who regret their choice of major Step 4: Infer percentage of all college seniors who regret their choice of major Step 5: Assess results and formulate conclusion
