Medical Assisting - Chapter 35
Generally, double-layer fabric or paper-wrapped packages are considered sterile for ______ days. 1) 90 2) 30 3) 120 4) 60
30
As a general rule, double-layer fabric or paper-wrapped sterile packages have a maximum shelf life of ____. 1) 30 days 2) 60 days 3) 90 days 4) 1 year 5) 2 years
30 days
The maximum shelf life for a sterile pack is ____. 1) 30 days 2) 60 days 3) 90 days 4) 1 year 5) 2 years
30 days
Which numbered item in the diagram is the third step in wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 5 2) 1 3) 7 4) 4 5) 2
4
In this diagram, which of the following indicates the correct sequence for wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 6, 2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 7 2) 5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 3, 2 3) 7, 4, 6, 1, 5, 2, 3 4) 4, 3, 1, 6, 6, 2, 5 5) 1, 5, 7, 3, 4, 6, 2
5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 3, 2
Which numbered item in the diagram is the fifth step in wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 3 2) 4 3) 7 4) 5 5) 6
6
Which numbered item in the diagram is the second step in wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 5 2) 1 3) 7 4) 4 5) 2
7
What agent should be used to clean the top of medication vials? 1) Betadyne 2) 70% isopropyl alcohol 3) Hydrogen peroxide 4) 10% bleach in water
70% isopropyl alcohol
How many needlestick injuries occur each year? 1) 900,000 2) 700,000 3) 1,000,000 4) 800,000
800,000
What is OSHA's estimate of approximately how many needlestick injuries occur each year? 1) 100,000 2) 300,000 3) 500,000 4) 700,000 5) 800,000
800,000
When reporting infectious diseases, the disease identification includes which of the following types of information? 1) A code number 2) The symptoms of the disease 3) The patient's next of kin 4) The name of the disease
A code number The name of the disease
During local or regional outbreaks, it may be necessary to ask a patient who is coughing to wear _________. 1) Goggles 2) A mask 3) A gown 4) Gloves
A mask
What is the best way to prevent accumulation of deposits that might affect an autoclave's operation? 1) Cleaning the unit after each use 2) Having a service professional clean the unit daily 3) Cleaning the unit once a month 4) Cleaning the unit once a week
Cleaning the unit after each use
What does the CDC recommend healthcare workers use for the removal of hair prior to a surgical procedure? 1) Tweezers 2) Depilatories 3) Clippers 4) Razors
Clippers
Which infection is associated with elderly patients taking antibiotics for a prolonged period of time? 1) Influenza 2) Human Immunodeficiency Virus 3) Clostridium difficile 4) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Clostridium difficile
Which of the following promote asepsis? 1) Avoid touching your face and mouth 2) Avoid leaning against sinks and supplies 3) Staying home for a routine cold 4) Using tissues for sneezes and coughs
Avoid touching your face and mouth Avoid leaning against sinks and supplies Using tissues for sneezes and coughs
Which infection is associated with elderly patients taking antibiotics for a prolonged period of time? 1) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 2) Clostridium difficile 3) Influenza 4) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Clostridium difficile
Which of the following infections is characterized by watery diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain? 1) Clostridium difficile 2) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 3) Influenza 4) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Clostridium difficile
Why are patients who have long-term urinary catheter use at greater risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infections? 1) Bacteria can enter the urinary tract by way of the catheter 2) The urine is more dilute 3) The urine is more concentrated 4) Patients are unable to urinate into the toilet
Bacteria can enter the urinary tract by way of the catheter
Reporting of any previous postsurgical infections to the healthcare practitioner should be done _______ the surgery. 1) After 2) During 3) Before 4) The day of
Before
Which of the following infections is characterized by watery diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain? 1) Human Immunodeficiency Virus 2) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 3) Clostridium difficile 4) Influenza
Clostridium difficile
Chemical sterilization is also known as _______ sterilization. 1) Hot 2) Water-based 3) Toxic 4) Cold
Cold
Which of the following reminders for infection control should be listed on posters? 1) Cough and sneeze into the air to prevent getting the germs on hands, which can contaminate surfaces. 2) Cough and sneeze into disposable tissue and discard in an appropriate waste receptacle. 3) Wear disposable gloves at all times to prevent the spread of germs. 4) Perform hand hygiene after coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of germs.
Cough and sneeze into disposable tissue and discard in an appropriate waste receptacle. Perform hand hygiene after coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of germs.
In what ways can virus-filled respiratory droplets be delivered to the air? 1) Touching 2) Coughing 3) Foodborne 4) Sneezing
Coughing Sneezing
When wrapping items for sterilization, what information must be on the label of the pack? 1) Date and time 2) Date and contents of pack 3) Date, time, and contents of pack 4) Date, your initials, and contents of pack 5) Date, time, and your initials
Date, your initials, and contents of pack
Which type of procedures require the use of eyewear and face shields? 1) Dental surgery 2) Routine physical exams 3) Surgery 4) Phlebotomy
Dental surgery Surgery
Certain diseases are required by the CDC to be reported to the state or county ________. 1) Police departments 2) Representatives 3) Governor's office 4) Department of health
Department of health
Before preheating the autoclave, it should be checked for which of the following? 1) The reservoir is filled with regular tap water 2) Deposits that may have formed on inner surfaces 3) No obstructions in the discharge lines and valves 4) Solutions that may have boiled over
Deposits that may have formed on inner surfaces No obstructions in the discharge lines and valves Solutions that may have boiled over
A physical aspect of the medical office that contributes to asepsis is ____. 1) A dimly lit office with a temperature of 82°F 2) A sign that eating and drinking are permitted in the waiting room only 3) Designating a portion of the waiting room for sick patients 4) Allowing the trash cans to become full before emptying 5) Providing pens for patients to sign in so they don't use their own
Designating a portion of the waiting room for sick patients
What is the correct way to clean and preheat the autoclave? 1) Fill the water reservoir with tap water 2) Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction 3) Overheat the chamber to warm it 4) Clean the autoclave after several uses 5) Load cold instruments into an overheated chamber
Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction
Which of the following is a correct step in cleaning and preheating an autoclave? 1) Fill the water reservoir with tap water 2) Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction 3) Overheat the chamber to warm it 4) Clean the autoclave after several uses 5) Load cold instruments into an overheated chamber
Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction
Which of the following patient directions should be given before the procedure? 1) Eat well and get plenty of rest 2) Speak up if you see healthcare workers fail to wash their hands 3) Do not allow family or friends to touch the wound 4) Tell your doctor if you have diabetes
Eat well and get plenty of rest Tell your doctor if you have diabetes
Most SSIs are _________. 1) Endogenous 2) Not preventable 3) Exogenous 4) Fatal
Endogenous
Which of the following equipment is categorized as a semi-critical item? 1) Blood pressure cuff 2) Reflex hammer 3) Endoscope 4) Stethoscope 5) Surgical instrument
Endoscope
A microorganism that is brought into a surgical site by medical instruments or equipment would be considered __________. 1) Endogenous 2) Noninfectious 3) Porous 4) Exogenous
Exogenous
A healthcare professional who is infected with HIV or HBV should not perform procedures that might expose the patient to the disease without advice from a(n) 1) Malpractice attorney 2) Expert review panel 3) Patient advice panel 4) Healthcare administrator
Expert review panel
When there is a potential for splashing or spraying, you must protect your 1) Ears 2) Eyes 3) Mouth 4) Nose
Eyes Mouth Nose
Which of the following are appropriate infection control practices associated with caring for central lines? 1) Wear a biohazardous suit while providing care to ensure sterility 2) Follow proper hand hygiene 3) Cover the site with a large drape during the procedure 4) Insert the catheter while the skin prep agent is still wet and active
Follow proper hand hygiene Cover the site with a large drape during the procedure
Which numbered item in the diagram is the fourth step in wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 5 2) 1 3) 7 4) 4 5) 2
1
List the order in which to remove contaminated PPE, with the first step on top.
1) Gloves 2) Mask/face shield 3) Gown
List the order in which to apply clean PPE, with the first step on top.
1) Gown 2) Mask/face shield 3) Gloves
Most autoclaves must reach a certain temperature and pressure to complete the sterilization process. If the temperature must reach 250° to 270°Fahrenheit, what must the pressure range be? 1) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure 2) 20 to 35 pounds of pressure 3) 10 to 20 pounds of pressure 4) 25 to 40 pounds of pressure 5) 30 to 45 pounds of pressure
15 to 30 pounds of pressure
Which numbered items in the diagram are the sixth and seventh steps in wrapping instruments for sterilization? 1) 5, 6 2) 1, 4 3) 2, 3 4) 4, 5 5) 2, 7
2, 3
In general, what is the temperature range in degrees Fahrenheit that the autoclave must reach in order to sterilize a load of instruments? 1) 120°-140° 2) 160°-180° 3) 220°-240° 4) 250°-270° 5) 280°-300°
250°-270°
Approximately what percent of patients will develop an infection at the surgical site? 1) 2% 2) 3% 3) 4% 4) 5% 5) 6%
3%
Which of the following would cause the autoclave load to not sterilize properly? 1) Steam temperature of 212°F or 100°C 2) Wrapping the instruments in muslin 3) Air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines 4) Placing hinged instruments in the open position 5) Refilling the reservoir with distilled water before operating
Air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines
Which of the following would render an autoclaved load unsterile? 1) Steam temperature of 212°F or 100°C 2) Wrapping the instruments in muslin 3) Air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines 4) Placing hinged instruments in the open position 5) Refilling the water reservoir before operating
Air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines
Which of the following statements are true of sterilization? 1) All instruments and supplies that penetrate a patient's skin must be sterilized. 2) An item is either considered sterile or unsterile. 3) Some items can be considered semi-sterile. 4) In a sterile field, sterilization is only required for items that will be used on a patient.
All instruments and supplies that penetrate a patient's skin must be sterilized. An item is either considered sterile or unsterile.
Which of the following methods are used to sterilize instruments and equipment? 1) Sanitization 2) Disinfection 3) Autoclaving 4) Chemical (cold) processes
Autoclaving Chemical (cold) processes
Which of the following are appropriate instructions for patients who have central lines? 1) Avoid touching the catheter insertion site 2) Contact the office if the dressing becomes wet or dirty 3) Run the tubing under hot water each day 4) Avoid touching the tubing 5) Touch the site daily to determine if it is warm
Avoid touching the catheter insertion site Contact the office if the dressing becomes wet or dirty Avoid touching the tubing
Which of the following practices helps promote asepsis in the office? 1) Asking patients to use tissues for coughs and sneezes 2) Bringing well patients to the exam room as soon as possible 3) Keeping office at approximately 82 degrees 4) Emptying the trash daily
Asking patients to use tissues for coughs and sneezes Emptying the trash daily
Match the infection control terms with the definitions.
Autoclave - Device that uses pressurized steam to sterilize instruments and equipment Medical asepsis - Measures taken to reduce the number of microorganisms present, such as handwashing Surgical asepsis - The elimination of all microorganisms from objects or a working area Biological indicator - Used as quality control to ensure that sterilization has occurred
In which method of sterilization does moisture cause coagulation of proteins within microorganisms at a much lower temperature than is possible with dry heat? 1) Microwave processing 2) Gas processing 3) Autoclaving 4) Chemical processing 5) Ultrasonic processing
Autoclaving
In which of the following methods of sterilization does moisture cause coagulation of proteins within microorganisms at a much lower temperature than is possible with dry heat? 1) Microwave processing 2) Gas processing 3) Autoclaving 4) Chemical processing 5) Ultrasonic processing
Autoclaving
The primary method for sterilizing instruments in the medical office is ____. 1) Chemical process 2) Autoclaving 3) Gas process 4) Dry heat process 5) Soaking in bleach
Autoclaving
The primary method for sterilizing instruments is ____. 1) Chemical processes 2) Autoclaving 3) Gas processes 4) Dry heat processes 5) Washing with bleach
Autoclaving
What is generally considered the simplest and most effective method for sterilizing instruments and equipment? 1) Disinfection 2) Autoclaving 3) Sanitization 4) Washing
Autoclaving
What is the primary method for sterilizing equipment and instruments? 1) Soaking 2) Chemical sterilization 3) Autoclaving 4) Scrubbing
Autoclaving
Which of the following would cause trapped air in the chamber of the autoclave, rendering the load unsterile? 1) Deposits that form on the inner surfaces 2) Solutions that have boiled over 3) Blocked lines or valves 4) Use of tap water
Blocked lines or valves
Which of the following would cause trapped air in the chamber of the autoclave, rendering the load unsterile? 1) Solutions that have boiled over 2) Use of tap water 3) Deposits that form on the inner surfaces 4) Blocked lines or valves
Blocked lines or valves
The CDC recommends that catheters be used for the least possible amount of time due to which type of infection? 1) Strep 2) Staph 3) Clostridium 4) CLABSI 5) CAUTI
CAUTI
Due to several large outbreaks of hepatitis B and C in outpatient settings, recommendations for safe injection practices were included as part of the Guideline for Isolation Precautions established by which of the following? 1) WHO 2) OSHA 3) CDC 4) AMA 5) HITECH
CDC
What agency has a variety of posters for infection control in several languages that can be obtained free of charge or for a nominal fee? 1) OSHA 2) CDC 3) The Joint Commission 4) CMS
CDC
Which type of infection is caused by the entry of infectious microorganisms into the bloodstream by way of a central line? 1) Strep 2) Staph 3) Clostridium 4) CLABSI 5) CAUTI
CLABSI
What should patients do if they see any signs of infection after a surgical procedure? 1) Call the office 2) Wait two days to be sure and then notify the surgeon 3) Take pictures of the wound 4) Take ibuprofen
Call the office
In what ways do central lines and normal IV catheters differ from each other? 1) Central lines are placed in deep veins 2) IVs are usually placed in surface veins 3) Central lines are usually placed for short periods of time 4) IVs are placed in large, deep veins 5) IVs are typically placed for short amounts of time 6) Central lines are left in place for long periods of time
Central lines are placed in deep veins IVs are usually placed in surface veins IVs are typically placed for short amounts of time Central lines are left in place for long periods of time
Which of the following is a physical aspect of the medical office that contributes to asepsis? 1) A dimly lit office with a temperature of 82°F 2) A sign that eating and drinking are permitted in the waiting room only 3) Designating a section of the reception room for sick patients 4) Allowing the trash cans to become full before emptying 5) Providing pens for patients to sign in so they don't use their own
Designating a section of the reception room for sick patients
Healthcare associated infections are often associated with: 1) Devices used during medical procedures 2) Surgical site infection 3) Routine blood collection 4) Routine use of needles
Devices used during medical procedures Surgical site infection
What information is needed to fill out a form to report infectious diseases? 1) Disease identification 2) Infection history 3) Patient's health insurance 4) Reporting-institution information 5) Patient identification
Disease identification Infection history Reporting-institution information Patient identification
Which of the following steps must be done prior to sterilizing instruments and equipment? 1) Disinfection 2) Air-drying 3) Sanitization 4) Autoclaving
Disinfection Sanitization
Match the type of medical glove with the description.
Disposable gloves - Worn once and discarded Examination gloves - Worn during procedures that do not require a sterile environment Sterile gloves - Used for sterile procedures such as minor surgery Utility gloves - Used when cleaning up. They are stronger than other types of gloves and can be reused
Which of the following are types of materials that can be used to wrap instruments for sterilization? 1) Disposable nonwoven fabric 2) Hemp-based fabrics 3) Tinfoil packages 4) Clear plastic envelopes 5) Permeable paper 6) Muslin
Disposable nonwoven fabric Clear plastic envelopes Permeable paper Muslin
What type of water should be used in an autoclave? 1) Spring water 2) Oxygenated water 3) Distilled water 4) Tap water
Distilled water
What patient directions should be given after the surgery? 1) Do not allow family or friends to touch the wound 2) Wash your hands before and after caring for the wound 3) Tell your doctor if you have diabetes 4) Call the office if you see any signs of infection 5) Stay warm on the way to the hospital
Do not allow family or friends to touch the wound Wash your hands before and after caring for the wound Call the office if you see any signs of infection
Which of the following is included in the CDC's guidelines for safe injection practices? 1) Do not keep multi-dose vials in the immediate treatment area 2) Use aseptic technique to avoid contamination 3) Administer multiple medications from a syringe 4) Clean the tops of medications vials with bleach
Do not keep multi-dose vials in the immediate treatment area Use aseptic technique to avoid contamination
Which of the following is an important step for the medical assistant to remember when running a load through the autoclave? 1) If the load contains both wrapped packs and individual instruments, place the instruments above the wrapped packs. 2) After the steam cycle and before the drying cycle, open the door to the autoclave 1 inch. 3) Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings. 4) Place each item immediately in a cold location when unloading. 5) Do not touch the outside of the wrapped packs.
Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings.
Which of the following is important when running a load through the autoclave? 1) If the load contains both wrapped packs and individual instruments, place the instruments above the wrapped packs. 2) After the steam cycle and before the drying cycle, open the door to the autoclave 1 inch. 3) Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings. 4) Place each item immediately in a cold location when unloading. 5) Do not touch the outside of the wrapped packs.
Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings.
Which of the following are risk factors for healthcare associated infections? 1) Routine office visits 2) Surgical procedures 3) Routine antibiotic use 4) Immunocompromised patients
Surgical procedures Immunocompromised patients
When would it be most appropriate to use chemical sterilization? 1) For instruments that are sensitive to cold 2) For instruments that do not need to be sterilized 3) For instruments that are sensitive to heat and steam 4) For instruments that must be kept dry
For instruments that are sensitive to heat and steam
Which of the following are examples of personal protective equipment? 1) Drapes 2) Gloves 3) Masks 4) Needles
Gloves Masks
If a patient is coughing uncontrollably and there is considerable spray, what PPE should the medical assistant put on before entering the examination room? 1) Gloves and mask 2) Mask and goggles 3) Gloves, gown, goggles and mask 4) Gown, mask, and face shield 5) Gloves, mask, and face shield
Gloves, gown, goggles and mask
The key to preventing MRSA is 1) Wearing long sleeves 2) Proper nutrition 3) Preventive antibiotics 4) Good hand hygiene
Good hand hygiene
What is the proper placement order when multiple PPEs are needed for the protection of the healthcare worker? 1) Face mask, gloves, and gown 2) Gown, face mask, and gloves 3) Gown, gloves, and face mask 4) Face mask, gown, and gloves 5) Gloves, gown, and face mask
Gown, face mask, and gloves
The purpose of sterilization indicators is to show that the contents of the load: 1) Are completely sterile 2) Have not yet been disinfected prior to sterilization 3) Are ready for disinfection 4) Have been exposed to conditions that typically result in sterilization
Have been exposed to conditions that typically result in sterilization
An infection acquired by a patient in a healthcare setting is known as a(n): 1) Healthcare associated infection 2) In-site associated infection 3) Indigenous infection 4) Acquired infection
Healthcare associated infection
When must gloves be used? 1) If there is exposure to body fluid 2) When performing administrative paperwork 3) If there is exposure to blood 4) If there is exposure to dirt 5) For intact skin
If there is exposure to body fluid If there is exposure to blood
What work practice controls should be used to avoid needlesticks? 1) Immediately use the safety devices on needles 2) Avoid overfilling sharps containers 3) Use the two-handed scoop method when there is no alternative 4) Bend used needles to ensure that they aren't reused
Immediately use the safety devices on needles Avoid overfilling sharps containers
Which of the following patients are at greatest risk for healthcare associated infections? 1) Children 2) Immunocompromised patients 3) Patients who use catheters 4) Patients who seek outpatient care 5) Patients who just had surgical procedures
Immunocompromised patients Patients who use catheters Patients who just had surgical procedures
Which of the following are risk factors for healthcare associated infections? 1) Immunocompromised patients 2) Routine office visits 3) Routine antibiotic use 4) Surgical procedures
Immunocompromised patients Surgical procedures
Which of the following are true of how sterilized supplies should be stored? 1) In the refrigerator 2) In a drawer that is frequently used for other supplies 3) In a clean, dry location 4) In an area where they will not be shuffled around 5) According to the packages appropriate shelf-life
In a clean, dry location In an area where they will not be shuffled around According to the packages appropriate shelf-life
Which of the following are ways in which you can promote medical asepsis? 1) Mop rooms between patients 2) Bleach every surface of the office 3) Notify housekeeping of items that are contaminated 4) Inspect the office for contaminated surfaces
Inspect the office for contaminated surfaces
What is a potential consequence of overcrowding an autoclave with instruments? 1) The autoclave will shut down 2) The instruments may rust 3) All instruments will be sterilized 4) Instruments may not be sterilized
Instruments may not be sterilized
Which of the following are considered critical items in terms of disinfection and sterilization. 1) Surgical scissors 2) Retractors 3) Forceps 4) Sigmoidoscope 5) Blood pressure cuffs
Surgical scissors Retractors Forceps
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using muslin to wrap instruments for sterilization? 1) It is more susceptible to contamination 2) It is hard to handle 3) It is too bulky 4) It stays wet too long 5) It comes unwrapped more easily
It is more susceptible to contamination
Which of the following apply to reprocessing equipment in a medical office? 1) It should be routinely monitored 2) Anybody in the office can reprocess equipment 3) Responsible personnel should wear appropriate PPE 4) Equipment must be cleaned to remove organic material prior to disinfection 5) It must be done according to the manufacturer's recommendations 6) Copies of the manufacturer's recommendations should be posted in the employee lounge.
It should be routinely monitored. Responsible personnel should wear appropriate PPE. Equipment must be cleaned to remove organic material prior to disinfection. It must be done according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
The goal of surgical asepsis in the medical facility is to ____. 1) Reduce the number of microorganisms in the office 2) Clean all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness 3) Educate patients about their role in healthcare 4) Prevent microorganisms from spreading through the office 5) Keep organisms from entering the body
Keep organisms from entering the body
The goal of surgical asepsis is to ____. 1) Reduce the number of microorganisms in the office 2) Clean all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness 3) Educate patients about their role in healthcare prevent 4) Microorganisms from spreading through the office 5) Keep organisms from entering the body
Keep organisms from entering the body
How can SSIs be avoided? 1) Let the patient be involved with the process 2) Rely on the physician for all of the patient's surgical education 3) Give clear instructions to the patients on what to do before and after the surgery 4) Instruct the patient to do nothing before or after surgery
Let the patient be involved with the process Give clear instructions to the patients on what to do before and after the surgery
Classifications of SSIs are dependent on the _______ and extent of the surgical wound. 1) Depth 2) Width 3) Type 4) Location 5) Drainage
Location
How long should the heating cycle last in an autoclave? 1) There is no time minimum 2) Long enough to allow steam to permeate all wrappings 3) A standard 20 minutes for all loads 4) Only until the temperature reaches 100oF
Long enough to allow steam to permeate all wrappings
A common health-associated infection seen in an outpatient setting that is caused by a specific type of staph bacterium and results in skin infections that can develop into large abscesses is _______. 1) Strep 2) MRSA 3) Clostridium 4) CLABSI 5) CAUTI
MRSA
What type of autoclaves have three gauges and a timer? 1) Semi-automatic 2) Manual 3) Automatic 4) Electronic
Manual
A clean technique that is based on maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of microorganisms in the medical environment is known as which of the following? 1) Sanitation 2) Sterilization 3) Medical asepsis 4) Surgical asepsis 5) Disinfection
Medical asepsis
Which of the following is based on maintaining cleanliness to prevent the spread of microorganisms and ensure there are a few microorganisms in the medical environment as possible? 1) Medical asepsis 2) Surgical asepsis 3) Sterile technique 4) Clean technique
Medical asepsis Clean technique
Which of the following is based on maintaining cleanliness to prevent the spread of microorganisms and ensure there are a few microorganisms in the medical environment as possible? 1) Sterile technique 2) Surgical asepsis 3) Medical asepsis 4) Clean technique
Medical asepsis Clean technique
Which of the following is a bacteria that has become resistant to common antibiotics, making it difficult to treat? 1) Human Immunovirus 2) Methicillin-Resistant Streptococcus Group B 3) Clostridium difficile 4) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Which of the following statements are true of autoclaves? 1) Modern autoclaves operate as automatically as possible. 2) In general, autoclave temperatures must reach 150-210oF to ensure sterility. 3) Manual autoclaves are obsolete and no longer used in medical offices. 4) Exact temperature and pressure requirements vary with the model and type of autoclave. 5) Typically, the chamber pressure gauge must show 15-30 pounds of pressure.
Modern autoclaves operate as automatically as possible. Exact temperature and pressure requirements vary with the model and type of autoclave. Typically, the chamber pressure gauge must show 15-30 pounds of pressure.
Which of the following works by permeating the instrument wrappings in an autoclave? 1) Moist heat (steam) 2) Chemical use 3) Disinfection 4) Dry heat
Moist heat (steam)
All packs wrapped in _______ must be double wrapped. 1) Permeable paper 2) Muslin 3) Clear plastic envelopes 4) Disposable nonwoven fabric
Muslin
What type of veins are central lines typically placed? 1) Neck 2) Antecubital 3) Chest 4) Capillary 5) Groin
Neck Chest Groin
When there is a potential for splashing or spraying, you must protect your 1) Ears 2) Nose 3) Mouth 4) Eyes
Nose Mouth Eyes
Healthcare-associated infections were formerly known as: 1) Common infections 2) Nosocomial infections 3) Indigenous infections 4) Medical infections
Nosocomial infections
Which of the following procedures are categorized by the CDC as high risk for disease transmission? 1) Obstetric and gynecological procedures 2) Those involving needles 3) Pediatric procedures 4) Routine physical exams 5) Non-invasive radiology testing
Obstetric and gynecological procedures Those involving needles
Which of the following are classifications of surgical wounds? 1) Organ/space 2) Mid-level incisional 3) Open cutaneous 4) Deep incisional 5) Superficial incisional
Organ/space Deep incisional Superficial incisional
What are the four leading factors that cause incomplete sterilization? 1) Overcrowding of packs 2) Inadequate steam levels 3) Reaching optimal temperature 4) Insufficient temperature 5) Incorrect timing
Overcrowding of packs Inadequate steam levels Insufficient temperature Incorrect timing
Which of the following are causes of low temperature in an autoclave? 1) Overfilling the water reservoir 2) Underfilling the water reservoir 3) Not running a sufficient amount of items in the load 4) Failure to preheat the autoclave chamber 5) Opening the unit too wide during drying
Overfilling the water reservoir Failure to preheat the autoclave chamber Opening the unit too wide during drying
Employers are required by law to supply _______ at no charge to their employees. 1) Scrubs 2) Study shoes 3) Lab coats 4) Personal protective equipment 5) Insurance
Personal protective equipment
Which of the following helps physically reduced the risk of exposure to infection in the healhcare setting? 1) Medical asepsis 2) Personal protective equipment 3) Surgical asepsis 4) Healthcare-associated infections
Personal protective equipment
Match the infection control key terms with the definitions.
Personal protective equipment - Gear worn to protect against physical hazards Invasive procedure - Procedure that requires entry into a body cavity or cutting into skin or mucous membrane Central line - Catheter placed in a large vein used to give fluids and medications Sterilization indicator - An insert that confirms that the items in an autoclave have been exposed to the correct volume of steam and temperature for the correct amount of time
When opening a sterile container, you should 1) Place the lid face down 2) Cover the lid with a paper towel 3) Hold the lid in your hands at all times 4) Place the lid face up
Place the lid face up
What is the proper way to wrap hinged instruments? 1) Placed in the open position 2) Wrapped in gauze 3) Placed in a pile one on top of the other 4) Single wrapped 5) Using porous paper only
Placed in the open position
Which of the following steps should be taken to ensure an aseptic office environment? 1) Clean the office weekly. 2) Keep the temperature at around 85F 3) Provide an insect-free environment. 4) Keep furniture in good repair. 5) Post signs stating that workers should wash their hands after eating in the lab.
Provide an insect-free environment. Keep furniture in good repair.
If a healthcare worker is infected with HIV or HBV, who may serve on the panel that determines what procedures they can and cannot perform? 1) The worker's attorney 2) Public health official 3) The worker's physician 4) A community lay person
Public health official The worker's physician
Which of the following is not part of the respiratory hygiene recommendations established by the CDC? 1) Controlling the source of transmission 2) Using proper hand hygiene 3) Separating patients with respiratory infections from other patients in waiting areas 4) Putting masks on all patients who are coughing 5) Posting cough etiquette signs
Putting masks on all patients who are coughing
Which of the following would have the highest risk of infection? 1) Palpating a patient's distended abdomen 2) Performing a digital rectal exam to check the prostate 3) Suturing a cut on the inside of a patient's mouth 4) Performing a bilateral ear irrigation
Suturing a cut on the inside of a patient's mouth
Which of the following are symptoms of superficial incisional infections? 1) Redness, swelling, and heat at the wound site 2) Evidence of skin healing at wound site 3) Scab formation over surgical site 4) Purulent drainage from the surgical wound 5) Positive wound culture from the site
Redness, swelling, and heat at the wound site Purulent drainage from the surgical wound Positive wound culture from the site
The goal of medical asepsis in the medical facility is to ____. 1) Reduce the number of microorganisms in the medical environment after they leave the body 2) Sterilize all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness 3) Educate patients about their role in healthcare 4) Prevent microorganisms from spreading through the office 5) Keep organisms from entering the body
Reduce the number of microorganisms in the medical environment after they leave the body
Which of the following are considered noncritical items in terms of disinfection and sterilization. 1) Scissors 2) Gowns and sheets 3) Reflex hammers 4) Blood pressure cuffs 5) Forceps
Reflex hammers Blood pressure cuffs
When caring for a central line, you should: 1) Touch the site to make sure it's stable 2) Keep the dressing moist 3) Wash it with soapy water everyday 4) Report any fevers or chills
Report any fevers or chills
Influenza, measles, whooping cough, and meningitis are examples of infectious diseases that can be transmitted through which of the following? 1) Respiratory droplets 2) Casual touch 3) Blood borne 4) Sweat 5) Sexual contact
Respiratory droplets
Simple and effective practices for defending yourself and others against infectious agents spread by respiratory droplets is called: 1) Droplet hygiene 2) Airborne prevention 3) Respiratory hygiene 4) Respiratory prevention
Respiratory hygiene
Which of the following diseases must be reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System of the CDC? 1) Chickenpox 2) Yeast infection 3) Stomach ulcer 4) Rubella 5) Endometriosis
Rubella
Which of these diseases is reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System as required by the CDC? 1) Chickenpox 2) Yeast infection 3) Stomach ulcer 4) Rubella 5) Endometriosis
Rubella
Devices that are specifically engineered to reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries are called 1) No-stick devices 2) Needlestick prevention devices 3) Sharps safety devices 4) Safety-engineered devices
Safety-engineered devices
Match the safety-device with the appropriate description.
Self-sheathing needles - Needles have a sheath over the barrel of the needle Retractable needles - The needle retracts inside barrel of the syringe after its activated Self-blunting needles - Needles with a blunt tip that slides forward through the needle past the sharp point Re-sheathing needles - The practitioner slides a sheath over the needle, locking it into place
Which of the following apply to cleaning the autoclave and work area? 1) Service representatives should perform periodic maintenance 2) The unit should be checked for cracking or wear in gaskets, drain valves, and tubing 3) The work area around the unit should be divided into four clearly marked areas 4) Only service representatives are responsible for maintenance of autoclaves 5) The unit should be cleaned after each use
Service representatives should perform periodic maintenance The unit should be checked for cracking or wear in gaskets, drain valves, and tubing The unit should be cleaned after each use
Which of the following diseases does not have to be reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System of the CDC? 1) Diphtheria 2) Chronic hepatitis B 3) Tetanus 4) Rabies 5) Shingles
Shingles
Which of the following patient directions should be given the day of surgery? 1) Eat well and get plenty of rest 2) Speak up if healthcare workers fail to wash their hands 3) Call the office if you see any signs of infection 4) Ask to speak with the surgeon prior to allowing healthcare workers to shave you 5) Take prescribed medications as instructed by your healthcare professional
Speak up if healthcare workers fail to wash their hands Ask to speak with the surgeon prior to allowing healthcare workers to shave you Take prescribed medications as instructed by your healthcare professional
The common health-associated infection seen in an outpatient setting, called MRSA, is caused by which type of bacteria? 1) Strep 2) Staph 3) Clostridium 4) CLABSI 5) CAUTI
Staph
What is the most common microorganism associated with a surgical site infection? 1) Streptococcus 2) Staphylococcus 3) Clostridium 4) CLABSI 5) CAUTI
Staphylococcus
What is the most common microorganism associated with surgical site infections? 1) Babesia microti 2) Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3) Clostridium botulinum 4) Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
When loading an autoclave, it is important to ensure which of the following? 1) The load is filled with as many instruments as the machine can hold 2) The items are touching each other so no air can circulate 3) There is only one item at a time being placed in the machine 4) Steam can circulate around all sides of the items
Steam can circulate around all sides of the items
Why does overcrowding of instruments in an autoclave affect sterilization? 1) The packages indicator tabs no longer work 2) Steam penetrates all packages too well 3) The instruments are too heavy for the autoclave 4) Steam is unable to penetrate or reach all surfaces
Steam is unable to penetrate or reach all surfaces
Which of the following is required for sterilization to occur in an autoclave? 1) Steam and heat only 2) Heat only 3) Pressure only 4) Steam under pressure
Steam under pressure
Which of the following depends on a completely sterile environment that eliminates all microorganisms? 1) Sterile technique 2) Medical asepsis 3) Clean technique 4) Surgical asepsis
Sterile technique Surgical asepsis
The cleaning process that is required for all instruments that penetrate the skin or that come in contact with normally sterile areas of the tissues and internal organs is ____. 1) Sterilization 2) Sanitization 3) Purification 4) Disinfection 5) Ultrasonic cleaning
Sterilization
Which of the following is a process that is required for all instruments that penetrate the skin or that come in contact with normally sterile areas of the tissues and internal organs? 1) Sterilization 2) Sanitization 3) Purification 4) Disinfection 5) Ultrasonic cleaning
Sterilization
In the medical office, the most common SSIs seen are __________. 1) Open/space 2) Deep incisional 3) Noninvasive 4) Superficial incisional
Superficial incisional
Match the classifications of surgical wounds with their descriptions:
Superficial incisional - Involves only the skin and subcutaneous tissue Deep incisional - Involves tissues such as fascia and muscle Organ/space - Excludes skin, fascia, and muscle, and includes body organs and cavities
Which of the following equipment is categorized as a critical item? 1) Blood pressure cuff 2) Reflex hammer 3) Endoscope 4) Stethoscope 5) Surgical instrument
Surgical instrument
Which of the following items is not needed to fill out a communicable disease report form? 1) Disease identification 2) Patient identification 3) Reporting-institution information 4) Test results 5) Infection history
Test results
When administering tablets or pills, you should pour them into: 1) The cap 2) A cup 3) Your hand 4) The patient's hand
The cap A cup
Part of Josie's responsibility as a medical assistant is to run the autoclave as needed to sterilize instruments. Once a week, she includes a biological sterilization indicator with a load as a general quality control measure. Today, she notices that the biological indicator from yesterday's load is positive. What does this result mean? 1) The proper temperature was not reached 2) The pressure in the autoclave was not high enough 3) There was not enough steam in the autoclave 4) The water reservoir on the autoclave is running low 5) The items in that load are not sterile
The items in that load are not sterile
Part of the medical assistant's responsibility is to run the autoclave to sterilize instruments, and once a week the MA should include a biological sterilization indicator with a load as a general quality control measure. Today, she notices that the biological indicator from yesterday's load is positive. What does a positive result mean? 1) The proper temperature was not reached 2) The pressure in the autoclave was not high enough 3) There was not enough steam in the autoclave 4) The water reservoir on the autoclave is running low 5) The items in that load are not sterile
The items in that load are not sterile
For infection control purposes, equipment is categorized based on which of the following? 1) The level of disinfection or sterilization necessary for reuse 2) Whether it is used for pediatric or adult patients 3) The cost of repair if it is damaged or broken 4) The type of procedure it is used for
The level of disinfection or sterilization necessary for reuse
Which of the following do sterilization indicators in an autoclave confirm? 1) The load was run for the correct length of time 2) The items were packaged appropriately 3) The correct volume of steam 4) The load will be documented correctly 5) The correct temperature has been reached
The load was run for the correct length of time The correct volume of steam The correct temperature has been reached
Which of the following apply to medical asepsis? 1) Medical asepsis involves sterilizing all items that come in contact with patients. 2) The office should be inspected daily for contamination. 3) All employees should observe the principles of medical asepsis. 4) Only clinical staff should observe the principles of medical asepsis. 5) Vigilant cleanliness promotes asepsis.
The office should be inspected daily for contamination. All employees should observe the principles of medical asepsis. Vigilant cleanliness promotes asepsis.
What is the result of the temperature in an autoclave being too low? 1) The autoclave will malfunction 2) The steam will be at the correct moisture level 3) The steam contains too much moisture 4) The steam contains too little moisture
The steam contains too much moisture
Why are infectious diseases required to be reported? 1) To assist in the control of the spread of infection 2) To penalize citizens for contracting an infectious disease 3) To share patients' personal information with the public 4) To raise the cost of insurance premiums for infected individuals
To assist in the control of the spread of infection
Which of the following is a leading factor that would cause an incomplete sterilization of an autoclaved load? 1) Temperature of 250° to 270°F 2) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure in the chamber 3) Steam temperature of 212°F 4) Allowing the autoclave to cool before emptying 5) Too short a time period
Too short a time period
Which of the following would cause incomplete sterilization of an autoclaved load? 1) Temperature of 250° to 270°F 2) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure in the chamber 3) Steam temperature of 212°F 4) Allowing the autoclave to cool before emptying 5) Too short a time period
Too short a time period
The most common means of transmission of infectious agents is: 1) Breathing 2) Talking 3) Touching 4) Eating
Touching
The most common means of transmission of infectious agents is: 1) Talking 2) Breathing 3) Eating 4) Touching
Touching
Who should perform equipment reprocessing? 1) The maintenance department 2) The patients 3) The front office staff 4) Trained professionals
Trained professionals
If the sterility status of an item is unknown, it should be considered _______. 1) Surgically clean 2) Disposable 3) Sterile 4) Unsterile
Unsterile
If the sterility status of an item is unknown, it should be considered _______. 1) Surgically clean 2) Sterile 3) Disposable 4) Unsterile
Unsterile
Which of the following are infection control practices that must be followed by healthcare practitioners when working with central lines? 1) Use a large drape to cover the site during the procedure 2) Perform appropriate skin antisepsis at the site 3) Do not cover the site during the procedure 4) Ensure that the site is dry by blowing on the skin prep agent 5) Allow skin prep agent to fully dry before inserting the catheter
Use a large drape to cover the site during the procedure Perform appropriate skin antisepsis at the site Allow skin prep agent to fully dry before inserting the catheter
Which of the following is the appropriate way to wrap instruments for sterilization? 1) Placing all instruments together with surfaces touching 2) Use only double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments 3) Place all hinged instruments in the closed position 4) Wrap each instrument in the fabric as loosely as possible 5) Use plastic tape to close the pack
Use only double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments
Which of the following is a necessary step for the medical assistant to take when sterilizing instruments using an autoclave? 1) Placing the instruments in the closed position 2) Preheating the instruments before placing them in the unit 3) Using distilled water in the unit 4) Taking each instrument out of the unit by hand 5) Drying the instruments with a towel after sterilization
Using distilled water in the unit
Which of the following is necessary when sterilizing items using an autoclave? 1) Placing the instruments in the closed position 2) Preheating the instruments before placing them in the unit 3) Using distilled water in the unit 4) Taking each instrument out of the unit by hand 5) Drying the instruments with a towel after sterilization
Using distilled water in the unit
he appropriate way to wrap instruments for sterilization in the autoclave includes ____. 1) Placing the instruments together with surfaces touching 2) Using double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments 3) Placing all hinged instruments in the closed position 4) Wrapping each instrument in the fabric as loosely as possible with the ends open 5) Using electrical tape to close the wrapping
Using double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments
Which of the following promote asepsis in a medical environment? 1) Using tissues for sneezes and coughs 2) Leaning against sinks and supplies to ensure good contact 3) Staying at home when you have a fever 4) Routinely touching your face and mouth to make sure they are clean
Using tissues for sneezes and coughs Staying at home when you have a fever
Which instruments and equipment must be sterilized? 1) Vaginal specula and curettes 2) Stethoscopes and tuning forks 3) Endotracheal tubes 4) Nasal specula 5) Blood pressure cuffs
Vaginal specula and curettes
Which of the following instruments and equipment must be sterilized before use? 1) Vaginal specula and curettes 2) Stethoscopes and tuning forks 3) Endotracheal tubes 4) Nasal specula 5) Blood pressure cuffs
Vaginal specula and curettes
When wrapping instruments for sterilization, what is the first step that should be taken? 1) Place instruments in the center of the wrap 2) Wash hands and don gloves 3) Select type and size of wrapper 4) Place an indicator in center of wrap 5) Open all hinged instruments
Wash hands and don gloves
Which of the following standard precautions should be taken during the autoclave process? 1) Wash hands thoroughly after all cleaning procedures 2) Pour the sanitization solution back into the container after use 3) Take measures to prevent needlesticks or cuts from sharps 4) Place all sharps with the points in an upward position while sanitizing 5) Wear gloves
Wash hands thoroughly after all cleaning procedures Take measures to prevent needlesticks or cuts from sharps Wear gloves
Patients with urinary catheters should be instructed to do which of the following? 1) Wash hands throughly with soap and water after touching the catheter 2) Pull on the tubing daily to ensure its stability 3) Avoid kinks or twists in the tubing 4) Ensure the urine collection bag is above the level of the bladder
Wash hands throughly with soap and water after touching the catheter Avoid kinks or twists in the tubing
Sarala has been practicing good cough etiquette and covering her mouth with her hand when she coughs. Although this may prevent others from contracting an illness through the air, she must still do what to prevent contamination by touch? 1) Spray a disinfectant into the air 2) Go into an empty room to cough 3) Wash her hands after coughing 4) Stay home until she is no longer coughing
Wash her hands after coughing
Which of the following actions would be appropriate ways to handle patients with coughs during local or regional outbreaks? 1) Wear a mask when assisting patients who are coughing. 2) Have masks of all sizes available to patients. 3) Disinfect only the surfaces the patient has touched. 4) Refuse to make appointments for patients who are coughing. 5) Isolate patients who are coughing in a separate reception area. 6) Wear gloves, a gown, goggles and a mask if a patient is coughing uncontrollably or if there is considerable spray.
Wear a mask when assisting patients who are coughing. Have masks of all sizes available to patients. Isolate patients who are coughing in a separate reception area. Wear gloves, a gown, goggles and a mask if a patient is coughing uncontrollably or if there is considerable spray.
When should the timing for items to be sterilized start? 1) When the steam light has turned on 2) When the unit has reached the proper temperature 3) As soon as the unit is started 4) After the cycle is complete
When the unit has reached the proper temperature
Which of the following diseases can be transmitted through respiratory droplets? 1) Scabies 2) Whooping cough 3) Tetanus 4) Meningitis 5) Influenza 6) Measles
Whooping cough Meningitis Influenza Measles
