Medical Term Week 2

What does the root in cryosurgery, -surg, mean?

operate

A professional skilled in the measurement of vision but who cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication is known as a(n) .

optometrist

The profession of the measurement of vision is _____.

optometry

A bacterial or fungal infection of the external auditory canal is externa.

otitis

Swimmer's ear is a form of _______.

otitis externa

The gelatinous material that contains calcium and protein crystals located in the inner ear is called ________.

otoliths

A middle-ear disease where spongy bone forms around the junction of the oval window and stapes, preventing the stapes from conducting sound vibrations to the inner ear is called ___.

otosclerosis

Formation of spongy bone at the junction between the stapes and oval window is ________.

otosclerosis

Macular degeneration usually occurs in people

over the age of 55.

A(n) is an organism that lives in contact with and feeds off of another organism or host.

parasite

What is the term that means occurring in sharp, spasmodic episodes?

paroxysmal

Light rays that strike the eye in the center of the cornea

pass straight through without bending.

A(n) tympanic membrane can occur in acute otitis media and chronic otitis media when pus in the middle ear cannot escape down the eustachian tube.

perforated

PDT stands for therapy which exposes the skin to a high-intensity blue light and creates a toxic environment in which bacteria in the sebaceous glands cannot live.

photodynamic

A(n) ____ cell receives light and converts it into electrical impulses.

photoreceptor

In diabetic retinopathy, retinal hemorrhage destroys

photoreceptor cells.

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacterium to invade the skin and causes

pimples impetigo boils

What are different methods of tonometery that measure intraocular pressure?

pneumatonometry Goldmann

The root tox- in the terms toxin, toxic, and toxicity means .

poison

In the term regenerate what word element means again?

prefix

Stereopsis depends on

proper alignment of the eyes.

Paresis of the muscle that raises the upper eyelid causes , drooping of the lid over the eye.

ptosis

Light rays go through the ___, the black opening in the center of the colored area in the front of the eye.

pupil

The central opening in the iris of the eye that allows light to enter is the .

pupil

An adjective that means pertaining to the pupil is _____.

pupillary

In the term melanoma, the root means pigment, and the suffix means .

r-black s-tumor

A surgical procedure to treat myopia in which cuts are made to flatten the cornea is called .

radial keratotomy

To bend or change direction of a ray of light is ____.

refraction

A term that means the process of reconstitution is .

regeneration

Debridement is the

removal of injured or necrotic tissue.

The light-sensitive innermost layer of the eye is the .

retina

Partial or complete separation of the retina from its underlying choroid layer is called _____.

retinal detachment

Acute ____ is the same meaning as coryza.

rhinitis

The two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina are and .

rods cones

A keloid is another term for ____.

scar

The tough, white outer layer of the eyeball is the _____.

sclera

The term abrasion is Latin meaning to _____.

scrape

Deconstruct the term sebaceous.

sebac/e-- ous

scald

second degree burn

Deconstruct the term secretion.

secret---ion

Production by a cell(s) of physiologically active substance and its movement out of the cell is known as _____.

secretion

The type of irreversible hearing loss caused by damage to, or death of, hair cells is hearing loss.

sensorineural

The hair is the part of the hair that projects above the skin.

shaft

The term acuity is Latin for ____.

sharpen

The herpes zoster virus produces painful vesicles and is also known as .

shingles

A(n) _____ is physical evidence of a disease process.

sign

The medical term dermis is from the Greek word that means .

skin

The root word ulcer means ____.

sore

Select the ossicles of the middle ear.

stapes malleus incus

The most common bacteria to invade the skin is .

staphylococcus aureus

What does the suffix word element -iasis mean?

state of condition

Three-dimensional vision is called .

stereopsis

When there is a muscle imbalance in one eye, the alignment breaks down and results.

strabismus

The hypodermis is also correctly called the _____ layer of the integument.

subcutaneous

A(n) complaint by a patient about his illness is an example of a symptom.

subjective

The root in the term paroxysmal means

sudden sharp attack

All three types of skin cancer share one common cause: excess exposure to

sunlight

The suffix -plasty in the term abdominoplasty stands for ____.

surgical repair

The term excision means of part of a structure.

surgical, removal

The term that is both a verb, meaning to stitch the edges of a wound together, and a noun, referring to that stitch, is .

suture

In the term laceration the root word element lacer- means to ___.

tear

The lacrimal gland produces and secretes

tears

With aging, the skin appears thinner, paler, and more translucent because

the epidermis gets thinner.

house fire with flame contact

third degree burn

Another name for infection with Candida is ____.

thrush

Persistent ringing, whistling, clicking, or booming in the ears is called .

tinnitus

Suturing brings together the edges of the wound to enhance healing.

tissue

The function of the auricle (pinna) is

to direct sound waves into the auditory canal.

An instrument that measures intraocular pressure is a(n) _____.

tonometer

Deconstruct the term toxicity.

tox-ic-ity

The root in the terms allograft and autograft means .

transplant

The suffix -oma means

tumor, mass

The Latin term cornea means

tunic web

The medical term for the eardrum is .

tympanic membrane

Melanin determines the color of your skin and protects it from light damage.

ultraviolet

The middle coat of the eye that includes the choroid, ciliary body, and iris is the _____.

uvea

Inflammation of the uvea is called .

uveitis

The virus that causes chickenpox is

varicella zoster

The term that refers to decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel is .

vasoconstriction

The sensation of spinning or dizziness is called .

vertigo

The and the three semicircular canals in the inner ear maintain an individual's balance.

vestibule

A term that means sharpness and clearness of vision is _____.

visual acuity

Excretion is the removal of products of metabolism out of the body.

waste

The ____ secretion of the sebaceous glands is known as sebum.

waxy

Candida albicans is a(n) -like fungus.

yeast

The term lutea is Latin for

yellow

What is the root word element for sensation of pain?

-alges

The root word element that means stagnate or to stay in one place is ____.

-stasis

The root word element that means blood vessel is

-vascul

homograft

Another name for allograft

heterograft

Another name for xenograft

paronychia

Bacterial infection of the nail base with redness, swelling, pain, and pus formation under the nail bed

What causes aging skin to bruise more easily?

Blood vessels in the dermis become fragile

fourth-degree

Burns destroy all layers of the skin and involve underlying tendons, muscles, and sometimes bones.

first-degree

Burns involve only the epidermis and produce superficial inflammation.

second-degree

Burns involve the epidermis and dermis and produce redness, blisters, with more severe pain

third-degree

Burns involve the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues, which are often completely destroyed.

ingrown toenail

Can be caused by tight, narrow shoes; nail grows into the skin at the side, leading to infection under the ingrown area

autograft

Ideal graft, taken from another location on the patient's body

Select the statements that are correct regarding the integumentary system.

It is an organ system that covers the body. Integument is a complete medical term and the root of the term integumentary. It includes the skin, the largest organ in the body, and accessory structures, such as hair, nails, and glands.

gel

Jelly-like, watery suspensions

Which of the following are parts of the lacrimal apparatus?

Lacrimal gland Lacrimal sac Nasolacrimal duct

In addition to fat, the hypodermis contains which of the following?

Nerves Blood vessels

Ointment

Oil-based to provide waterproof barrier; used for dry, scaly conditions

Which of the following is a bacterial infection of the nails?

Paronychia

nail matrix

Region where cell division occurs

____ are a topical pharmacologic agent used under strict supervision of a physician in the treatment of acne, sun spots, and psoriasis.

Retinoids

What does the root in the term biopsy mean?

Root/ bi-/ life Suffix/ -opsy / to view

Select the structures that are found in the dermis.

Sebaceous glands Sweat glands Blood vessels Collagen fibers Nerves

Select two conditions involving the sebaceous glands.

Seborrheic dermatitis Acne

An autoimmune disorder that causes dysfunction of the lacrimal glands and dry eyes is ______.

Sjogren's syndrome

nail fold

Skin around the sides and bottom of the nail

cuticle

Skin at the base of the nail that protects the nail matrix

Stasis dermatitis is a specific type of dermatitis that occurs in the lower leg when varicose veins cause what in the skin?

Slow venous return and accumulation of fluid which interferes with nourishment of the skin.

For distant vision exam, patients look at a(n) _____ letter chart 20 feet away and vision is recorded as the smallest line in which the patient can read half of the letters.

Snellen

Which of the following are true regarding refraction?

The lens changes shape to focus light on the retina. Light that strikes the eye at an angle (other than 90 degrees) is refracted. Light that strikes the eye at a 90-degree angle is not refracted.

nail body

The part of the nail between the root and free edge

free edge

The part of the nail that extends to, or past, the tip of the finger

protection

The skin is a physical barrier to trauma, chemicals, and microorganisms.

water resistance

The skin prevents the body from losing or taking in water across its surface.

Which of the following are functions of the eyelids?

They close to keep out visual stimuli. They keep foreign objects from entering the eye. They move tears across the surface of the eye.

vitamin D synthesis

This occurs when skin is exposed to sunlight.

temperature regulation

Vasodilation causes heat loss when it's too hot, and vasoconstriction retains body heat when it's cold.

cream

Water-based, soothing, cooling, and well tolerated

lotion

Water-based, with a drying, cooling effect

The cosmetic procedure that is performed to improve the appearance of the abdomen is called

abdominoplasty

An area of skin or mucous membrane that has been scraped off is a(n) .

abrasion

The act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs; in this case the lens of the eye adjusts itself is called .

accommodation

An inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles is called .

acne

Generally speaking, to accommodate is to

adapt to meet a need.

A(n) is a single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat.

adenoid

The prefix anti- means

against

The prefix in the term homograft means _____.

alike same

In most people, aging causes , thinning of the hair, and baldness as the follicles shrink and produce thin, wispy hairs.

alopecia

Deconstruct the term amblyopia.

ambly--opia

Incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain is called .

amblyopia

A substance that reduces or relieves pain is called a(n) _____. Some of them can be administered transdermally with patches applied to the skin.

analgesic

Deconstruct the term androgen.

andr/o-gen

A general term that refers to male sex hormones is ____.

androgens

Male sex steroids secreted at puberty by males and females are called .

androgens

What topical pharmacologic agent is used to relieve pain or itch on the skin's surface?

anesthetics

The tern incus is Latin for

anvil

In ___, unequal curvatures of the cornea cause unequal focusing and blurred images.

astigmatism

Inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different planes is called .

astigmatism

The eustachian tube is another term for the tube.

auditory

Deconstruct the term autograft.

auto--graft

The ideal graft is a(n) , taken from another location on the patient's body, because it is not rejected by the immune system.

autograft

The term meaning without a blood supply is .

avascular

The root in the term equilibrium means ________.

balance

The root in the term refraction means .

bend

The term for removing tissue from a living person for laboratory examination is .

biopsy

A Wood's light is also known as a(n) light and is used to define the borders of pigmented lesions before excision.

black

Deconstruct the term blepharoplasty.

blephar/o --- plasty

Surgical repair of an eyelid is called

blepharoplasty

A drooping eyelid caused by excess skin is called .

blepharoptosis

Because it contains no rods or cones, the optic disc is also known as the " ."

blind spot

The term clot is from the German word meaning to ____.

block

The root carcin- means ___.

cancer

The medical term for a malignant and invasive epithelial tumor is ____.

carcinoma

The term for ear wax is .

cerumen

A yellow, waxy tumor arising in the middle ear is a(n) .

cholesteatoma

The vascular layer behind the retina is the .

choroid

A mass of fibrin and cells that is produced in a wound is called a(n) .

clot

What type of hearing implants bypass the damaged hair cells and directly stimulate the cochlear nerve endings?

cochlear

The medical term for whitehead and blackhead is

comedo

Deconstruct the term congenital.

con-genit-al

The suffix in dilation means

condition action

The term means present at birth.

congenital

"Pink eye" is the lay term for .

conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva is .

conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the lining of the inner eyelids is .

conjunctivitis

To become or make narrow is to .

constrict

To cause the presence of an infection agent to be on any surface is to ____ it.

contaminate

The presence of an infectious agent on any surface is known as (noun).

contamination

The main function of most of the sweat glands in the body is to produce the watery perspiration (sweat) that

cools the body.

The central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and the pupil is the .

cornea

The two eye structures that refract, or bend light, are the and the .

cornea lens

Viral inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose is called .

coryza

Surgical procedures that alter or improve the appearance of one's face or body are called procedures.

cosmetic

The use of liquid nitrogen or argon gas in a probe to freeze and kill abnormal tissue is called _____.

cryosurgery

A scoop-shaped instrument used for scraping the interior of a cavity or removing new growths is called a(n) .

curette

The term that means removal of dead, necrotic tissue is .

debridement

When a patient lies in one position for a long period they are at risk of developing ____ ulcers.

decubitus pressure

Deconstruct the term dermabrasion.

derm-abras-ion

Deconstruct the term dermal.

derm-al

A procedure to remove the upper layers of skin using a rotary brush is called .

dermabrasion

Select the correct combining form element for skin.

dermat/o

Deconstruct the term dermatologist.

dermat/o-logist

Inflammation that produces swollen, red, and itch skin is known as ____.

dermatitis

Sweat glands are coiled tubes located in the .

dermis

The _____ is a thick connective tissue layer that is found between the epidermis and hypodermis.

dermis

Retinopathy occurs in 50% of patients.

diabetic

What diagnostic procedure uses a finger or microscope slide pressed against a lesion to see if it blanches?

diascopy

The prefix in the term heterograft means .

different

Stretching or enlarging and opening of a structure is termed .

dilation

Impacted is a Latin term for in.

driven

The root in the term tympanic means _______.

eardrum

Where are keloids (shiny scars) mostly found?

earlobes upper body

Who are often at risk for pressure ulcers because their skin is usually thin and dry?

elderly

Deconstruct the term epidermis.

epi--dermis

Deconstruct the term epidermal.

epi-derm-al

The most superficial layer of the skin that consists of many layers of dead, keratinized cells is the _____.

epidermis

Having means being evenly balanced.

equilibrium

A condition in which the eye turns in toward the nose is _____.

esotropia

The ____ tube connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx.

eustachian

The connects the middle ear and nasopharynx and is a route of infection transmission from the throat to the middle ear.

eustachian tube

Deconstruct the term excoriation.

ex-cori-ation

The medical term for a scratch mark on the skin is .

excoriation

What is the medical term that means to pass waste products of metabolism out of the body?

excrete

What is the term for any muscle located entirely on the outside of the structure under consideration.

extrinsic

The medical term iris is Greek for diaphragm of the ____.

eye

The strong hairs that arise from follicles on the edge of the eyelids are .

eyelashes

The root in the term blepharoplasty means ______.

eyelid

The root lip- and the combining form lip/o- both mean .

fat

sunburn

first degree burn

Bacteria called normal ___ populate the skin's surface.

flora

What are the immediate threats to life in regards to burns?

fluid loss infection

The root word element in astigmatism means

focus

Tinea pedis causes itching, redness, and peeling of the skin on the .

foot

High Voltage Electrical Injury

fourth-degree burn

A(n) _____ examination of the retina can be used to examine the optic disc, which is where the optic nerve exits the eye.

fundoscopic

The part located the farthest from the opening of a hollow organ is the _____.

fundus

The root in the term adenoid means _______.

gland

The term meatus is Latin for ____.

go through

Deconstruct the term granulation.

granul--ation

New fibrous tissue formed during wound healing is called _____.

granulation

Acne is a skin disease characterized by inflammation of sebaceous glands and ____.

hair follicles

Nails consist of closely packed, thin, dead skin cells that are filled with parallel fibers of _____.

hard keratin

The root in the term malignant means ______.

harmful

Deconstruct the term heterograft.

hetero--graft

Some symptoms in the ears of tinnitus are

hissing buzzing clicking

If your eyeball is too short, you suffer from and are .

hyperopia farsighted

The medical term ____ means immovably wedged, as with earwax blocking the external canal.

impacted

an is a cut or surgical wound, whereas a(n)is surgical removal of tissue.

incision excision

The is the middle one of the three ossicles in the middle ear which is shaped like an anvil.

incus

Deconstruct the term infectious.

infect-ious

What is the term for invasion of the body by disease-producing microorganisms?

infection

A hordeolum, also known as a stye, is a(n)

infection of an eyelash follicle.

The suffix in the term conjunctivitis means _____.

inflammation

The Latin term intrinsic means on the ____ side.

inner

Deconstruct the term integumentary.

integument--ary

The injection approach used to test for exposure to tuberculosis (TB) is

intradermal

A(n) is an injection approach that penetrates the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis to reach into the muscles underneath.

intramuscular

Tonometry is the measurement of pressure.

intraocular

A tonometer is used to measure

intraocular pressure.

The colored portion of the eye with the pupil in its center is the .

iris

A raised, irregular, lumpy scar due to excess collagen formation during wound healing is called a(n) .

keloid

A tear or jagged skin wound caused by blunt trauma, not a cut, is a(n) .

laceration

The term that means pertaining to tears and the tear apparatus is

lacrimal

What are small, wingless, blood-sucking parasites that produce the disease pediculosis?

lice

The root word element in antibiotic means

life

The two roots in the term photoreceptor mean

light and receive.

What does the root word element -cubitus mean?

lying down

The yellowish spot on the back of the retina is the .

macula lutea

A disorder of the retina that results in vision loss in the center of the visual field is .

macular degeneration

Deconstruct the term malignancy.

malign--ancy

A(n) tumor is one that invades surrounding tissue and spreads to distant organs.

malignant

The is a passage or channel; also the external opening to the auditory ear canal.

meatus

What is black pigment found in skin, hair, and retina?

melanin

Lentigos appear in sun-exposed areas of aging skin because

melanocytes enlarge and the epidermis is thinner.

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer because it does not _____ (spread to elsewhere in the body).

metastasize

What is the term that means pertaining to the character of cells that can metastasize?

metastatic

The ear infection characterized by pain, redness, and fever is acute otitis media.

middle

If your eyeball is too long, you suffer from

myopia nearsighted

The root word element -constrict means _____.

narrow

The passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose is the ____ duct.

nasolacrimal

For ___ vision exam, the patient reads a standard Jaeger reading card at a distance of 14 inches.

near

The term retina is Latin for

net

Nystagmus is a Greek term for ______.

nodding

Fast, uncontrollable movements of the eyeballs is known as .

nystagmus

Which of the following statements about hair are correct?

Each hair grows in a separate follicle. Apocrine sweat glands open into hair follicles. As hair grows, newer cells push the older ones upward.

onychomycosis

Fungal infection that leads to yellow, brittle cracked nails that separate from the nail bed

allograft

Graft from another person or a cadaver

xenograft

Graft from another species

nail plate

Consists of the nail root, body, and free edge

The appearance of a(n) in one's peripheral vision is often caused by a partial retinal detachment.

Dark shadow

___ fillers help to diminish facial lines and wrinkles by restoring subcutaneous volume and fullness to the face as subcutaneous fat is lost in the natural aging process.

Dermal