MGMT-101 CH. 9, 10,11
To avoid problems of growth and size, companies can ______.
-decentralize decision making -organize around small, adaptive, team-based work units
In estimating internal supply of labor, an organization typically relies on its experiences regarding ______.
data regarding turnover, terminations, retirements, promotions, and transfers
One way to cope with issues of growth and size is to allow work units to make and implement choices. This is known as ______.
decentralizing decision making
Unilever is a large company with several organizations selling different product lines in each country in which it conducts business. Until a short while ago, Unilever was run by two CEOs. Being so large has made it difficult for Unilever to respond quickly to the changing market. This is known as ______.
diseconomies of scale
A(n) ______ workforce can provide a company with greater knowledge of the preferences and consuming habits of a diversified marketplace.
diverse
The major identifier of a pluralistic organization is a(n) ______ population.
diverse
A planned elimination of positions or jobs is called ______.
downsizing
________ is the strategic value of employee knowledge and abilities.
human capital
It is important to conduct reference checks on potential employees because ______.
it can be unwise to rely solely on the words of the candidates
Why is employee retention more important now?
it is difficult and expensive to replace employees
In choosing a performance appraisal method, you should base performance standards on ______.
job analysis
In Torsten's job, he must collaborate with managers from other teams, prepare budgets, manage vendor invoices, and supervise a team of five. This is Torsten's ______.
job description
Diverse groups tend to be ______ than homogeneous groups.
less cohesive
To prevent an exodus of talent, employers are applying strategies to help attract and retain knowledgeable and skilled older workers, including ______.
making workplace adaptations to help workers cope with the physical issues they may have phased retirement plans allowing older workers to work fewer hours per week
MBO is an acronym for ______.
management by objectives
The organizational form of a high-involvement organization is ______.
relatively flat and decentralized
the basic technologies for processing include which of the following?
small batch continuous process large batch
Marilyn Bee is an entrepreneur who specializes in catering to high-end photography enthusiasts. In her organization, there are no rules and formal procedures, and the decision making tends to be decentralized. Marilyn's operation is best described as ______.
small batch technology
When managers ask all of the job applicants the same set of standard questions in an interview, this is an example of a(n) ______ interview.
structured
Feedback from ______ is an increasingly popular source of appraisal and can be useful in helping managers significantly improve their management style.
subordinates
______ is the systematic application of scientific knowledge to a new product, process, or service.
technology
The first step in the selection process is ______.
the application
Which statements describe population trends impacting the U.S. workforce?
-The number of Asian American, black, and Hispanic American workers is expected to grow faster than that of American white males. -About one in three residents in the United States is a racial or ethnic minority.
If an employee files a complaint of sexual harassment with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the EEOC may ______.
-conduct an investigation -seek a settlement if evidence is found -request mediation if evidence is found -file a lawsuit
Responses that managers have made to deal with the skills shortage have included which of the following?
-provide training opportunities -automate routine and repetitive tasks -recruit qualified workers from other countries
A ______ has the advantage of giving a fuller picture of an employee's strengths and weaknesses.
360-degree performance appraisal
Select the principles of ISO 9001.
-There should be an evidence-based approach to decision making. -The focus should be on customers.
Large organizations benefit from ______.
-economies of scale -economies of scope
Organizations can leverage diversity in minority markets and gain a competitive advantage by ______.
-recognizing minority purchasing power -establishing purchasing contracts with minority-owned businesses -reflecting the community population mix in the organization workforce
What are the three components of the strategic triangle?
-the company itself -the competition - the customer
To form a successful partnership, managers should consider ______ when screening potential partners.
-the incentives involved in the structure of the alliance -the potential partner's area of expertise -the financial terms of the partnership
Why do companies form strategic alliances? (Check all that apply.)
-to reduce manufacturing costs -to develop new technologies -to enter new markets
Which statements relating to U.S. education and the workplace are true?
22% of foreign-born workers have not completed high school. 4% of native-born workers have not completed high school.
The Community Helpers Counseling Center and the Simplified Software Company have recently joined forces to produce a meal planning program for use on home computers. The two organizations decided to work together on the project since neither one could have developed the project with their own resources. This effort could be considered a ______.
Strategic Alliance
Which of the following are possible explanations for the wage gap between men and women?
Women have career interruptions to care for family. Women are not negotiating pay as effectively as men.
Supervisors should meet with their employees face-to-face for termination interviews. It is also wise to include ______ in the meeting.
an HR manager
When group members perceive things and behave in similar ways, the group has ______.
cohesiveness
______ refers to how tightly knit a group is and the degree to which group members perceive, interpret, and act on their environment in similar ways.
cohesiveness
The most common source of problems in managing diversity is ______.
communication
Which statement about attracting employees is true?
companies need to use effective recruiting practices
The ______ doctrine implies that women who perform different jobs of equal worth as those performed by men in the same company should be paid the same wage.
comparable worth
Assessment center exercises tap a number of critical managerial dimensions, including ______.
decision-making skills communication ability leadership
To estimate ______, organizations have to look at workforce trends to make projections.
external supply of labor
What are two elements of a job analysis?
job description job specification
The knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics needed to perform a job is the ______.
job specification
In situational interviews, job candidates are ______.
presented with possible job scenarios and asked how they would handle them
The fastest-growing part of executive compensation comes from ______.
stock options and grants
In a(n) _____ interview, a discussion occurs between a manager and employee about the employee's dismissal.
termination
Which tool is being used by more and more hiring managers as a way to quickly and easily learn about job candidates suitability for a job?
the internet
Sam, a social worker, is assessed based on his empathy and concern for others. This is an example of a(n) ______ appraisal.
trait
OSHA requires employers to pursue ______.
workplace safety
Which of the following statements about differences within groups is true?
-Individuals within any ethnic group are unique in personality, education, and life experiences. -Not all people from the same hometown share the same personal goals and values. -More difference may exist between Asians from Vietnam and Japan than between a white and an African American from Denver.
Trying to force an older employee to retire violates which employment law?
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
Which of the following statements about drug testing is true?
Almost half of U.S. employers screen for drugs.
Which statement about women in the workforce is true?
Companies can lose valuable talent by demanding long hours from their female employees.
Which of the following are expectations of many organizations that put some women at a disadvantage in the workplace?
Companies expect employees to sacrifice their personal lives for the sake of the company. Companies require long hours, especially at the managerial levels.
_____ validity refers to the degree to which a test actually predicts or correlates with job performance.
Criterion-related
Which of the following is likely to result when managers do not effectively manage stereotyping?
Employees may get frustrated and reduce their commitment.
Which law protects private pension programs from mismanagement?
Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
The 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act created which two employee categories?
Exempt and nonexempt
Lack of cohesiveness in a group can affect performance in what two ways?
Increased miscommunication Decreased productivity
Which statement about internal recruitment is true?
It can yield a limited applicant pool
Which statement about the disabled population in the United States is true?
It is increasing as the average worker gets older and heavier.
Which statement about diversity is true?
It refers to all kinds of differences, including ethnicity, income, and religion.
Which of the following requires employers to maintain records of injuries and deaths caused by workplace accidents and submit to on-site inspections?
OSHA
Which statement regarding gender issues in the U.S. workforce is false?
Only 10% of married couples are dual-income households.
______ tags help boost logistics efficiency and speed.
RFID
It is illegal to fire employees for which of the following?
Whistle-blowing Jury duty Refusing to break the law
So that she can volunteer a day at her daughter's school, Margarita works four 10-hour days. This is an example of ______.
a compressed workweek
A non-U.S. citizen must obtain ______ to work legally in this country, even on a temporary basis.
a visa
The largest and fastest-growing minority group in the United States is ______.
hispanics
Deming's 14 points of quality emphasize a ______ approach to management.
holistic
Which form of sexual harassment exists when unwelcome sexual conduct "has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance"?
hostile environment
Managers conduct a(n) ______ to identify who and what needs training.
needs assessment
Which is the next step after HR planning is completed?
staffing
True or false: The benefit of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags is that manufacturers can easily track where products are within the distribution systems.
true
Select the steps that are included when giving a performance appraisal to an employee who is performing below acceptable standards.
-Describe the expectations and standards. -Agree to a timetable for improvement. -Agree to a solution.
Which statement about background checks conducted online is true?
If a company finds unprofessional information online about a candidate, it is unlikely to offer that person a job.
A vital part of operations strategy is continuous improvement, also known as _____.
Kaizen
Which of the following statements about personality tests is true?
They can be discriminatory and may not accurately predict job performance.
Which of the following statements about white, American-born male workers in the United States is true?
They constitute the largest percentage of workers.
Which statements about behavioral appraisals are true?
They focus on observable aspects of performance. They are subjective.
A seemingly neutral employment practice that has a disproportionately negative effect on a group protected by the Civil Rights Act is known as ______ impact.
adverse
Organizations can achieve competitive advantage when they possess or develop human resources that ______.
are rare create value are organized
Large organizations are typically more ______.
bureaucratic
Characteristics of small batch technologies include all of the following EXCEPT ______.
centralized decision making
Job applications and résumés typically contain basic information on the candidate, including which of the following?
certifications work experiences education
______ occurs when an employee is trained by a superior and is usually the most effective and direct management-development tool.
coaching
If an organization's people have talents that can be combined and deployed rapidly to work on a new assignment, those talents are considered a ______.
competitive advantage
The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to sequence and optimize a number of production processes is called ______.
computer integrated manufacturing
When all functional departments in an organization play a role in the design and production of a product that satisfies buyer needs, the organization is using ______ engineering.
concurrent
One difficult part of human resources planning is trying to determine how many and what type of people are needed in an organization. This is known as a(n) ______.
demand forecast
Which behaviors can cause a hostile work environment?
demeaning jokes pervasive displays of pornography lewd or suggestive remarks
The essential tasks, duties, and responsibilities involved in performing a job are known as the job ______.
description
When a performance appraisal is used to identify and plan additional training an employee needs, the appraisal serves a(n) ______ purpose.
developmental
Human resource management can build a competitive advantage when the resources create value, are rare, are ______, and are organized.
difficult to imitate
Cardi thought she was doing a good job, even though she didn't always arrive to work on time. She then got fired for tardiness. This is a case of ______.
employment-at-will
The legal concept that an employee can be terminated for any reason is known as ______.
employment-at-will
Under the _______ it is illegal to pay men and women unequal amounts if the work they are doing requires equal skill, effort, and responsibility and is performed under similar working conditions.
equal pay act
Which law prohibits unequal pay for men and women who perform equal work?
equal pay act of 1963
The methods companies can use to attract a diverse, qualified workforce include ______.
executing effective recruiting practices offering alternative work arrangements
For most businesses, mentally and physically disabled people represent an unexplored but fruitful labor market. Frequently, employers have found that disabled employees ______.
exhibit lower turnover miss fewer days of work are more dependable than other employees
True or false: Differences in pay can be attributed to the fact that women are rated more poorly on performance evaluations than their male counterparts.
false
True or false: In a company, pay between men and women must be equal only if they perform the same job.
false
What is the key to managing diversity effectively?
flexibility
Manufacturing plants that have short production runs, are organized around products, and use decentralized scheduling are called _______ factories.
flexible
A type of benefit program in which employees are given credits to spend on benefits that fit their unique needs is known as a ______ program.
flexible benefit
Examples of alternative work arrangements companies are implementing to attract and retain a diverse workforce include ______.
flexible schedules compressed workweeks job sharing
An employee's pay is based on the performance of the employee's team in a(n) ______.
group incentive plan
______ are used to give employees a sense of shared participation and ownership in the performance of the team or unit.
group incentive plans
People can provide a competitive advantage for a firm when their skills, knowledge, and abilities are ______.
hard to find better than competitors'
Diversity training programs make an effort to _______.
identify and reduce hidden biases develop the skills needed to manage a diversified workforce effectively
More job seekers are putting family first. Employers who have adopted family-friendly programs such as on-site child care report _______.
improved morale reduced turnover decreased absenteeism
When organizations have more people than they need, a ______ exists.
labor surplus
A(n) ______ organization has very little diversity or inclusiveness.
monolithic
A clerk or administrative assistant may be asked to take a(n) ______ test, where the applicant performs a sample job task.
performance
In order for pay to motivate employees to work at high levels, pay should be linked to ______.
performance
The three stages in the HR planning process include which of the following?
planning, programming, and evaluating
A sample question on an integrity test would NOT focus on ______.
professional experience
One disadvantage of ______ is that they don't reward individual performance. They do, however, give employees motivation to improve the company's profitability.
profit-sharing plans
A firm that develops a reputation for hiring and promoting all types of people provides the firm an advantage in which HR function?
recruiting
Using internal or external sources to develop a pool of qualified applicants from which management can select employees is the task known as _____.
recruitment
Performance appraisals can assess three basic categories of employee performance: traits, behaviors, and ______.
results
The "Youth at Work" page on the federal EEOC website is in response to ______.
sexual harassment of teenage employees
Having expanded beyond gender or skin color, diversity also refers to which of the following differences?
sexual orientation nationality disability status
Standardizing the processes to reach the lowest practicable level of any cause of customer dissatisfaction is one component of ______.
six sigma quality
Diversity training usually has which of the following components?
skill building awareness building
Factors that have influenced the increase of women in the labor market include ______
social changes during the 1960s and 1970s financial necessity
Appraisal feedback works best when it is ______.
specific and constructive
To become effective managers of diverse organizations, managers first have to identify and overcome a number of challenges, including ______.
stereotyping communication problems unexamined assumptions a low level of cohesiveness
Harassment puts an extra burden on managers to maintain an appropriate work environment by ensuring that all employees know what conduct is and is not appropriate and that there are serious consequences for this behavior, such as ______.
stiff fines negative publicity lawsuits
______ training teaches employees the skills they need to work together and facilitates their interaction.
team
As part of Suhindra's training as a new employee, he worked alongside a group of experienced employees. Suhindra was encouraged to actively participate, and the other employees shared their knowledge with him. Which type of training is this?
team training
Common unexamined assumptions people make concern ______.
the role of women as caregivers heterosexual norms the role of men as provider
______ provides financial support to employees who have been laid off for reasons beyond their control.
unemployment insurance
Which of the following statements does NOT support Total Quality Management?
use numerical quotas
Which group constitutes the largest percentage of workers in the United States?
white male workers
When selecting members for a work team, the most innovative team will be one with members ______.
who come from diverse backgrounds
dynamic
A firm that seeks to be viewed as a portfolio of capabilities, rather than a portfolio of specific businesses is focused on its ______ capabilities.
______ is a family of standards designed to improve total quality in all businesses for the benefit of producers and consumers.
ISO 9001
Guillermo is looking for an entry-level management position. He has been contacted by a recruiter who is assembling a pool of qualified candidates from different backgrounds. The company the recruiter is working for historically hired only white males, and the company must now hire members of groups that were discriminated against in the past. This is known as ______.
affirmative action
______ is defined as legally mandated efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past. The intent was not to prefer these group members to the exclusion of others, but to correct for the long history of discriminatory practices and exclusion.
affirmative action
When giving a performance appraisal to an underperforming employee you should ______.
agree to a timetable for improvement
As organizations grow larger, they become more complex. In order to deal with this complexity, larger organizations tend to adopt ______ structures.
bureaucratic
A _____ benefit program allows employees to choose from a menu of options to create a benefit package tailored to their needs.
cafeteria
Alessia works in human resources. She and her team are looking over organizational plans and determining the number of labor-hours it will take to run the company's new factory. Alessia and her team are working on a(n) ______.
demand forecast
JIT represents a number of key production and organizational concepts including ______.
elimination of waste elimination of delays perfect quality reduced cycle times reduced setup times
What has resulted from more family-friendly work policies?
employees are more productive
When a manager looks outside the organization to fill positions with people who have not worked for the company before, this is known as ______ recruiting.
external
According to researchers, younger workers can be challenging to manage because they tend to be ______.
high performers high maintenance
Oscar, the CEO of an international Internet security company, seeks input from his top management team and from lower levels of the company about the direction the company should take. By doing this, Oscar is building a ______.
high-involvement organization
Following World War II, organizations that grew into large companies focused on ______
high-volume, lost-cost manufacturing methods
________ is the use of new ideas that emerge from the focused creativity of organizational members.
innovation
A(n) ______ test might question the employee on whether he or she steals or believes that others steal.
integrity
An advantage of ______ recruiting is that employees may work hard and like the opportunity to move up within the organization.
internal
People who work at W. L. Gore have specialized capabilities and skills that help set Gore apart from its competition. Which criteria of HRM does this exemplify?
is difficult to imitate
Large organizations are harder to control because ______.
jobs become more specialized and complex
An operation that achieves increased efficiency while simultaneously improving effectiveness is referred to as ______.
lean manufacturing
What type of position in a firm lends itself to career development and promotions?
line positions
The movement of resources into the organization and of products from the organization to its customers is called ______.
logistics
Which function is often critical to an organization's ability to be responsive and achieve a competitive advantage?
logistics
Proven ways to retain employees include which of the following?
mentoring support groups career development
A typing test is an example of a(n) ______ test.
performance
Important information on which to base human resource decisions, such as pay raises and promotions, can be acquired through ______.
performance appraisals
"Do you enjoy collaborating with people?" is a typical question found on a(n) ______.
personality test
Charlene was told by her supervisor that she could receive a promotion if she would agree to have sexual relations with him. This is known as _________ behavior.
quid pro quo
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines a disability as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. Examples of such physical or mental impairments does NOT include ______.
racist perspectives
The consistency of test scores over time and across alternative measurements is known as ______.
reliability
A performance appraisal focuses on which basic categories?
results traits behaviors
Managers must usually restructure their internal processes and relationships with customers in fundamental ways to achieve ______ quality.
six sigma
An organization's most distinctive and renewable resources are an employee's ______.
skills abilities knowledge
When summarizing the employee's performance in a performance appraisal it is important to be ______.
specific
Because they enable companies to move faster and more efficiently, ______ are often formed to enter new markets or develop new technologies.
strategic alliances
Cognitive ability tests measure which of the following?
verbal comprehension mathematical calculations
Selection builds on recruitment and involves decisions about ______.
whom to hire
Companies that provide opportunities for diverse employees ______.
will attract the most qualified and motivated candidates
According to research, many retirees plan to ______.
work in retirement
Which are among the guidelines for choosing a performance appraisal method?
-Communicate performance standards to employees. -Evaluate employees on specific performance-related behaviors. -Document the performance appraisal process carefully.
Which statements about ordinary capabilities are true?
- They involve administrative coordination -they can provide temporary competitive advantage
Which of the following people or institutions would a hiring organization contact as part of a reference check?
Educational institutions Former employers
True or false: Men's roles in society have changed and they now carry the bulk of family responsibilities.
false
True or false: Obtaining top management's leadership and commitment is not necessarily critical for diversity programs to succeed.
false
True or false: Today's workforce places less importance on educational degrees and more importance on strength, stamina, and skill in a trade.
false
True or false: When it comes to company size, bigger is always better.
false
What would be the most appropriate question to ask on a personality test to determine if a candidate would be a good team player?
"do you enjoy collaboration?"
Which are guidelines for giving feedback to an average employee?
-Explain why employee's work is important. -Express confidence in future performance. -Raise relevant issues. -Summarize performance. -Thank the employee.
The ways in which diversity and inclusion enhance an organization's flexibility include which of the following?
-Less standardization of operating methods enables organizations to adapt more quickly to environmental changes. -Managing diversity successfully requires a corporate culture that tolerates different styles and approaches. -Less-restrictive policies and procedures enable organizations to become more flexible and responsive.
Continuous processes are characterized by which of the following? (Check all that apply.)
-They have a relatively organic structure. -Machines and computers do all the work.
Huge, complex organizations can be difficult to manage because ______.
-bureaucracy can run rampant -too much success can breed complacency -future growth is complicated
Large batch technologies tend to have which structural features?
-centralized decision making -mechanistic
People increase value through their efforts to decrease costs or provide something unique to customers. This can be achieved through the use of ______.
-continuous improvement efforts -empowerment programs -total quality initiatives
Which of the following are examples of lean manufacturing tactics that have resulted in chaos, overworked people, and low morale?
-cutting overhead costs, laying off operative-level workers, eliminating layers of management, using capital equipment more efficiently
Which are common approaches to downsizing?
-eliminating functions -replace FT employees w/PT or temps
The unique potential strengths of the small firm, as opposed to large firms, include ______.
-flexibility -responsiveness
The benefits of CIM include ______.
-greater control and predictability of production process -reduced waste -production of high-variety products in high volume
Select the advantages of large-size organizations.
-greater purchasing power -lower operating costs -easier access to capital
Performance appraisals serve some basic purposes. They provide ______.
-information for salary, promotion, and dismissal decisions -documentation to justify decisions in court -documentation to be used to identify and plan training
Diversity and inclusion can provide organizations with a competitive advantage. This occurs because ______.
-just as women and minorities prefer to work for an employer that values diversity, they may prefer to patronize such organizations -a diverse workforce can give an edge in a global economy by facilitating understanding of other customs, cultures, and marketplace needs
Which characteristics of a company's value chain build competitive advantage?
-linking the elements in innovative ways -developing innovative distribution channels -achieving economies of scale
Which of the following are methods designed to promote the hiring and success of mentally and physically disabled people in the workforce?
-new, assistive technologies that make it easier to be productive -passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) -tax credits for hiring disabled workers
Flexible factories, as opposed to traditional factories, are characterized by ______.
-organized work flow around products -use decentralized scheduling
Which are crucial decisions for designing an effective pay plan?
-pay level -pay structure -individual pay
The three basic employee benefits offered to every employee as required by law include which of the following?
-unemployment insurance -Social Security -Workers' comp
Strategic alliances are sometimes formed between ______.
-universities -governments -firms & competitors
Benefits now constitute about _____ percent of payroll costs.
30
A performance appraisal that gathers feedback from an employee's subordinates, peers, customers, and superiors is a(n) ______ appraisal.
360-degree
A(n) ______ appraisal uses multiple sources of appraisal to gain a comprehensive perspective on an employee's performance.
360-degree
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 and its amendments in 1978 and 1986 prohibit discrimination against people ______ years old and above.
40
The reasons why diversity and inclusion programs help firms to attract and retain motivated employees include which of the following?
Companies with a reputation for providing opportunities for diverse employees will be sought out by the most qualified employees. When employees believe their differences are valued, they become more loyal, productive, and committed.
Which are ways that diversity and inclusion promote creativity and innovation in a competitive marketplace?
Diverse groups are freer to deviate from traditional approaches. Diversity brings a broader base of experiences.
Which of the following statements does NOT reflect how diversity can help an organization?
Diversity can help an organization avoid discrimination suits.
What is meant by "leveraging difference"?
Diversity is a resource an organization can capitalize on.
Most job positions are filled by word-of-mouth recommendations by employees. Which of the following are advantages of this method?
Employees know who will be a good fit with the company. It is relatively inexpensive.
What law created two categories of employees (exempt and nonexempt)?
Fair Labor Standards Act
True or false: In a high-involvement organization, top management makes all company decisions. True false question.
False
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines a disability as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. Examples of such physical or mental impairments include ______.
HIV infection alcoholism psychological illness learning disabilities
What are two benefits of orientation training?
It results in lower employee turnover. It helps to increase morale.
In JIT operations, what happens when a customer places an order?
It triggers a factory order and the production process.
What two statements are TRUE about awareness building with the training of employees?
Its aim is to sensitize employees to the assumptions made about others. Its aim is to sensitize employees to how their assumptions affect their behaviors.
______ offers efficiency only when the costs of storing items are greater than the costs of frequent delivery.
JIT
Needs assessment is used to identify training requirements for which of the following?
Jobs People Departments
Which of the following are ways an organization can communicate the commitment of top management to its employees?
Participate in diversity programs and making participation mandatory for all managers Incorporate the organization's attitudes toward diversity into its mission statement and strategic plans Link managerial compensation directly to the accomplishment of diversity goals
Verbal comprehension tests measure which of the following?
Reading Vocabulary
Which of the following is not a way that managers should manage core competencies so the firm keeps a competitive advantage? Multiple choice question.
Set goals for profit maximization
Adequate background checks include which of the following?
Social Security verification criminal records check employment verification
An integrative approach to management that supports the attainment of customer satisfaction through a wide variety of tools and techniques that result in continuous improvement in the production of high-quality goods and services is known as ______.
TQM
Which statement about executive compensation is true?
The gap in pay between senior management and average employees is very wide.
Which statement about employment-at-will is true?
There are exceptions to the employment-at-will doctrine.
Which statement about the supply of workers in the United States is true?
There is a shortage of workers with appropriate skills and education.
Which statement about the three types of technology configurations is true?
They are equally useful for describing service or manufacturing technologies.
Monolithic organizations may be characterized by which of the following? (Check all that apply.)
They have minimal cultural integration. Employees from "outside" the group are placed into low-status jobs. Discrimination and prejudice prevail and informal integration is almost nonexistent.
Which of the following describe support groups?
They help diverse employees understand corporate culture. They provide career support for members. They provide emotional support for members.
Which of the following are reasons teenage workers are a particularly vulnerable population with regard to sexual harassment?
They tend to hold lower status jobs. They feel hesitant to speak up. They are inexperienced.
-the financial terms of the partnership -the potential partner's area of expertise -the incentives involved in the structure of the alliance
To form a successful partnership, managers should consider ______ when screening potential partners. (check all that apply)
Which are disadvantages of trait appraisals?
Traits do not always show a direct relation to performance, which can result in workers and courts viewing them as unfair and discriminatory. Trait appraisals do not enable managers to provide employees with feedback to improve performance
Knowing that the U.S. workforce is increasingly diverse, managers can support diversity by recognizing ______.
accommodations for disabilities religious holidays dietary restrictions
Which are important properties of an organization to enable it to meet or exceed customer expectations?
adaptability agility responsiveness
An equal number of qualified individuals applied for security jobs at the airport. All the individuals were required to take an employment test, the results of which influenced the airport to hire mostly male candidates. The test thus had a(n) ______.
adverse impact
An advantage of small firms over larger ones is their ______.
agility
A(n) ______ is composed of 10 to 12 managerial candidates who participate in a variety of exercises or situations.
assessment center
Understanding someone else's perspective is difficult because our own ________ and viewpoints seem so familiar.
assumptions or biases
In diversity training, __________ building is an activity designed to increase individuals' understanding of the meaning and importance of diversity.
awareness
Being known as a company that hires and promotes all types of people can ______.
be a strong recruiting tool
While trait appraisals assess what workers are like, what workers do is assessed by ______ appraisals.
behavioral
Chito is interviewing for a job as an IT specialist. He is asked to talk about a time he was under a tight time line and what he did to meet the deadline. He is then asked if he would do things differently knowing what he now knows. Chito is in a(n) ______ interview.
behavioral description
Which type of interview explores what candidates have actually done in the past by asking questions about real events?
behavioral description
A harsh, haphazard cost-cutting approach to lean manufacturing results in ______.
chaos overworked people low morale
What types of products are produced through mass customization?
clothes computers automobiles
Which skills are taught in an effective diversity training program aimed at building interpersonal skills?
coaching active listening giving feedback
An organization lacking in group ______ will experience mistrust, miscommunication, stress, and attitudinal differences, resulting in decreased performance.
cohesiveness
An organizational assessment is a key step in managing diversity and should assess an organization's workforce, culture, policies, and practices, in areas such as ______.
compensation promotions recruitment benefits
Minnesota Materials has formal systems for identifying future management needs and developing high potential employees so the company can promote from within. These formal systems are a source of ______ for the company.
competitive advantage
When employee contributions and capabilities cannot be imitated by others, the employees become a source of ______.
competitive advantage
A design approach in which all relevant functions cooperate jointly and continually in a maximum effort aimed at producing high-quality products that meet customers' needs is ______.
concurrent engineering
Commonly used personality tests measure traits such as ______.
conscientiousness extraversion stress tolerance emotional control honesty
The degree to which selection tests measure a representative sample of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for the job is known as ______ validity.
content
The basic technologies for processing include which of the following?
continuous process small batch large batch
CLM Technologies Inc. manufactures two products, and the production process is fully automated so that no human workers are on the factory floor. The factory runs 24 hours a day. This is an example of ______.
continuous process technology
When managers accumulate the right resources, combine them in ways that give the organization capabilities, and leverage or exploit their resources they are managing _____.
core competencies
A multifaceted process focusing on creating two-way exchanges with customers to foster intimate knowledge of their needs, wants, and buying patterns is ______.
customer relationship management
Companies can better understand, as well as anticipate, the needs of current and potential customers by implementing ______.
customer relationship management
The best form of diversity training revolves around ______.
developing interpersonal skills
Despite gains for minorities and immigrants in the workforce, disparities in employment and earnings continue to exist, including ______.
discrimination in hiring when non-white-sounding names apply for jobs higher unemployment rates for black and Hispanic workers earnings of black and Hispanic workers consistently are lower than those of white and Asian workers
Since the passage of the ______, applicants and employees of federal contractors and the Department of Defense must undergo drug testing.
drug-free workplace act
When a firm has the purchasing power to buy merchandise in larger volumes and sell it at lower prices than its competitors, it is benefiting from ______.
economies of scale
What allows firms to compete with large foreign rivals by using materials and processes from one product to make others?
economies of scope
Diseconomies of scale lead to new organizational problems, such as administrative difficulties that inhibit ______.
efficient performance
Which external recruiting methods do employers prefer?
employee referrals online job boards
When a manager attends career fairs at local colleges and meets with groups in the community to look for potential recruits, this is known as ______ recruiting.
external
Throughout most of the past two decades, benefits costs have risen ______ wages and salaries.
faster than
Factors that have influenced the increase of women in the labor market include ______.
financial necessity social changes during the 1960s and 1970s
In large batch technology organizations communications tend to be ______.
formal
An advantage of profit-sharing plans is that they ______.
give all employees a stake in the company's success
The ______ is an invisible barrier that makes it difficult for women and minorities to move beyond a certain level in the corporate hierarchy.
glass ceiling
Top companies invest a great deal to hire and train employees because they recognize that ______.
good talent is rare
Training and development helps to ensure that employees ______.
have the knowledge and skills needed to perform jobs effectively are motivated to perform at high levels can take on new responsibilities
As companies grow larger, and their market share increases, customers may begin to view their products as ______.
having lower quality
By using empowerment programs, total quality initiatives, and continuous improvement efforts human resources can have a strategic impact on an organization because these programs ______.
help to create value
The knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees that have economic value is known as ______.
human capital
______ is a strategic activity that includes meeting an organization's staffing needs.
human resource planning
The best alliances are ones ______.
in which the partners manage their internal stakeholders
Communication issues that can arise due to diversity include ______.
inaccuracies misunderstandings slowness
Diversity and inclusion initiatives positively impact an organization's competitive advantage through ______.
increased ability to attract and retain talent improved perspective in differentiated markets increased ability to leverage creativity and innovation in problem solving
The most common type of incentive system that uses an objective standard against which a worker's performance is compared is the ______.
individual incentive plan
Managing diversity means being cognizant of the traits common to a group of employees while also guiding and meeting the needs of these employees as ______.
individuals
With continuous process technology, company communication tends to be ______.
informal
Effective lean manufacturing requires which of the following conditions?
informal and horizontal communication long-term, cooperative relationships with suppliers concurrent product development
Many companies are hiring employees representing a diverse background because _______.
it allows them to better serve their diverse customer base
When Torsten applied for his job, he had to demonstrate that he had an engineering degree, several years of management experience, and in-depth knowledge of computer systems. These requirements make up the ______.
job specification
A system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process just as they are needed is ______.
just-in-time (JIT) operations
Japanese business philosophy centers on the belief that a company retains competitive advantage by continuing to improve. This concept is known as _____. Multiple choice question.
kaizen
A centralized company with a mechanistic structure and many rules and formal procedures typically uses ______ technology.
large batch
McDonald's and Burger King have production processes that tend to be very standardized, with all customers receiving similar if not identical products. They are examples of companies that use ______.
large batch technology
An organizing approach based on a commitment to making an operation both efficient and effective and that continually strives for improvement is called ______ manufacturing.
lean
The _____ approach to manufacturing relies on having broadly trained employees, general-purpose equipment, and long-term, cooperative supplier relationships.
lean
When racial disparities exist in employment and earnings, it has the added problem of ______.
leaving aspiring young minorities with fewer role models and mentors
Pay ______ refers to whether the organization is a high-, average-, or low-paying company.
level
An important step for companies who want their employees develop their careers and attain promotions is to _______.
make sure deserving employees can work in line positions
Companies such as Accenture are helping women break through the proverbial glass ceiling by ______.
making arrangements for part-time assignments sponsoring monthly networking events for its female employees
One advantage of ______ is that it avoids the bias and measurement difficulties of trait and behavioral appraisals.
management by objectives
One important reason to invest in ______ is to ensure that managers can continually motivate their employees.
management training programs
Appraisals are most effective when they are based on an ongoing relationship between ______.
manager & employee
Which statement about managing diversity in the workplace is true?
managing diversity is challenging
The production of varied, individually customized products at the low cost of standardized, mass-produced products is called ______.
mass customization
The overall reason why organizing activities like agility, adaptability, and structuring are important to organizations is because it enables organizations to ______.
meet and exceed customer expectations
______ are higher-level managers who help ensure that employee are introduced to top management and socialized into the norms and values of the organization.
mentors
Lupita is on a management track at her workplace. She meets regularly with Analise, a high-level executive who has taken Lupita under her wing. Lupita receives advice and valuable information from Analise. This is an example of ______.
mentorship
Which type of system rewards employees on the basis of a rating they receive from their bosses?
merit pay
_______ are used when objective performance measures are not available but the company still wants to base pay on performance.
merit pay systems
While we often say we value differences between and among people, these differences can also result in which of the following among diverse people in an organization?
mistrust tension
Anwar has worked for the same company for 20 years. His group just hired Davonte, a new, young employee. Davonte comes across to Anwar as entitled and cocky. Davonte considers Anwar a relic with bad taste in coffee. This situation reflects which challenge of diversity?
mistrust and tension
______ organizations are characterized by being fully integrated with regard to gender, race, and minority groups, and are marked by an absence of prejudice and discrimination. They value and draw on the varied experience and knowledge that employees bring to the organization.
mulitcultural
______ organizations value and include minorities through formal and informal means.
multicultural
When giving performance feedback, the manager must be ______ and able to make tough decisions.
objective
Appraisals are most effective when they are based on what type of relationship with employees?
ongoing
Maintaining work-life balance and parenting can be particularly challenging for women. To help attract and retain women, companies are offering "family-friendly" fringe benefits such as ______.
onsite child care flexible work schedules in-home care for elderly family members
The maker of handcrafted and vintage items, Etsy, recognized that the demographics of its customers were quite different from the demographics of its engineers. The company learned of this by implementing which diversity activity?
organizational assessment
______ training is designed to introduce new employees to the company and familiarize them with policies, procedure, and culture.
orientation
One advantage of a 360-degree appraisal is that it captures information that ______.
other appraisal methods miss
In the United States demand for highly qualified employees continues to ______ supply.
outpace
Olaf was laid off from his job. His former employer offered résumé and other training services to help Olaf find a new job. This is known as ______.
outplacement
The process of helping people who have been dismissed from the company regain employment elsewhere is known as ______.
outplacement
Which of the following are benefits commonly provided by employers, though they are not required by law to provide them?
pension plans health insurance
Management training programs seek to improve managers' ______ skills.
people
Research suggests that the largest unemployed minority population in the United States is ______.
people w/disabilities
Which of the following lead employees to stereotype colleagues who are different?
people's experiences that influence how they see the world the tendency of people to hear what they expect to hear the filters to perception formed by individuals' values and interests
When managers evaluate employees' performance to assess their contributions to the organization, this is called a(n) ______.
performance appraisal
The first stage of the human resource planning process is ______.
planning
______ organizations are defined as having a more diverse employee population and taking steps to involve persons from different gender, racial, or cultural backgrounds.
pluralistic
The ______ treats pregnancy as a disability and qualifies a woman to receive the same benefits that she would with any other disability.
pregnancy discrimination act
Young workers look for jobs that ______.
provide positive feedback
One form of sexual harassment that is a component of an employment decision is known as _________ behavior.
quid pro quo
What are the two types of sexual harassment?
quid pro quo hostile environment
When a company needs to hire employees, it wants to select people from a pool of qualified applicants. What is the process of forming this pool of applicants?
recruitment
Key practices to leveraging employee differences involve ______.
seeing understanding valuing
In which HR function are employees hired from among qualified applicants?
selection
Unwelcome sexual conduct that is a term or condition of employment is defined as ______ and is a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
sexual harassment
Haben is interviewing for a customer service position. She is asked, "You receive a call from an angry customer. You listen to the customer's story and conclude, after some investigating, that the customer is wrong and did not comply with your company's stated policies. How would you handle this?" Haben is in a(n) ______ interview.
situational
Organizations need to be able to respond effectively to their environments. One of the most important factors that influence an organization's ability to do this is ______.
size
For companies, being small is good for ______, but being large is good for ______. Multiple choice question.
speed; market power
The _____ function of human resources consists of recruitment, selection, and outplacement.
staffing
Group members of organizations often inappropriately typecast their "different" colleagues based on their own interests, values, and cultures, thereby inaccurately perceiving and evaluating the contributions, capabilities, and motivations of the colleagues. This is commonly referred to as ______.
stereotyping
Which of the following entities is NOT included as a source for performance appraisal information?
stockholders
Managers who recognize cultural and religious holidays, accept different modes of dress and accommodate dietary restrictions serves to _______.
support diversity
Noriko is a member of a group of Asian American female designers at her workplace. The members give each other emotional and career support. This is an example of a(n) ______.
support group
Which term refers to the methods, processes, systems, and skills used to transform resources into products?
technology
Among the strategic components of an organization's environment, the component that has had the most impact on an organization's success is ______.
the customer
Downsizing was used traditionally used by a company when there was a decline in _____ a product or service.
the demand for
"Get me the right kind and the right number of people at the right time." This statement refers to ______.
the human resources planning process
Which part of a job analysis details each job's specific and essential tasks, duties, and responsibilities?
the job description
In a structured interview, managers ask each applicant ______.
the same standard questions
In a high-involvement organization, top management ensures that ______.
there is continual feedback to participants
A strategy aimed at reducing the total time it takes to deliver a product or service is ______.
time based competition
Bill is implementing logistics, just-in-time, and simultaneous engineering to reduce the total time needed to deliver his service to his customers. These strategies are known as ______.
time-based competition
Marvin's Mops is a large manufacturer of mops and other cleaning supplies. The company was successful and highly profitable in the 1950s, but demand dropped off in the 1960s, forcing Marvin's to downsize. Which of the following best explains the reason Marvin's downsized?
to reduce cost so the company remained profitable
Sookie has worked diligently to re-orient the managers of her company toward a comprehensive approach to improving product quality and customer satisfaction. Sookie's company is practicing ______. Multiple choice question.
total quality management
In contrast to development, which occurs at higher levels in an organization, ______ involves teaching employees how to perform their jobs and helping them acquire the necessary skills and knowledge to be effective.
training
Which of the following refers to teaching lower-level employees how to perform their jobs?
training
What do managers need to build into their HRM plans to ensure that their employees are able to acquire the knowledge and skills to perform their jobs at a high level and take on new responsibilities as conditions change?
training and development
When a labor surplus exists, organizations may lay off employees or ______.
transfer them to other areas
The degree to which a selection test predicts or correlates with job performance is known as ______.
validity
The coordinated series or sequence of functional activities necessary to transform inputs such as raw materials or professional skills into the finished goods or services customers value and want to buy, is called the ______.
value chain
A ______ might be included as part of a background check for jobs involving driving.
vehicle record check
