MGMT 303: Midterm #1

Standard Operating Procedures

specific sets of written instructions about how to perform a job tasks

Integration

Rites of _____ build and reinforce common bonds among organization members. A. advancement B. integration C. enhancement D. passage E. acceptance

Crafts

Ron's Woodworking is a small business run by skilled workers who produce customized and hand-manufactured furniture. _____ production is an example of the products they create. A. Mechanized B. Crafts C. Series D. Mass E. Flow

Achievement

According to McClelland, the need for ________ is the extent to which people have strong desires to perform challenging tasks and to meet personal standards of excellence. A. Affiliation B. Acceptance C. Solidarity D. Power E. Achievement

standard operating procedures

Darryl works at a warehouse and his job involves maintaining an accurate inventory and accurate data for financial statements. Today he received a document from his manager with specific instructions to perform his job tasks. This is an example of: A. discipline B. behavioral management C. rules D. standard operating procedures E. norms

Disseminator

Following the distributive justice principle means that all members of an organization receive identical or similar outcomes. A. disseminator B. leader C. liasion D. figurehead E. communicator

Ethical culture

Gus is the manager of a company which has been judged as having the best corporate reputation for two years in a row, based on a survey of countrywide consumers. This company is well known for its .. A. compensation benefits. B. selection process. C. strong leadership. D. ethical culture. E. goal-setting process.

allows for the awarding of punitive and compensatory damages.

In addition to prohibiting discrimination in employment, the Civil Rights Act of 1991... A. requires that men and women be paid equally if they are performing B. prohibits discrimination against disabled individuals. C. allows for the awarding of punitive and compensatory damages. D. requires that employers provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave. E. prohibits discrimination against workers over the age of 40.

Liasion

In the _____ role, a manager enables diverse individuals to coordinate their efforts. A. negotiator B. disseminator C. liasion D. monitor E. spokesperson

formal written instructions that specify actions to be taken under different circumstances.

In the context of management, rules refer to.. A. the ability of an individual to act on his own accord without direction from a superior. B. the methodical arrangement of positions to provide the organization with the greatest benefit. C. a reporting relationship in which an employee receives orders from only one superior. CorrectD. formal written instructions that specify actions to be taken under different circumstances. E. the performance gains that result when individuals and departments coordinate their actions. A. the ability of an individual to act on his own accord without direction from a superior. B. the methodical arrangement of positions to provide the organization with the greatest benefit. C. a reporting relationship in which an employee receives orders from only one superior. D. formal written instructions that specify actions to be taken under different circumstances. E. the performance gains that result when individuals and departments coordinate their actions.

organizing

In which of the following managerial tasks are work relationships restructured to facilitate the interaction and cooperative efforts of organizational members, all of whom strive to achieve organizational goals? A. planning B. leading C. organizing D. reviewing E. controlling

Social Status

Janice is hiring an assistant marketing manager for Fall Inc. Janice recruits Sandra because she comes from a well-known family. Janice is influenced by the _____ effect. A. salience B. glass ceiling C. social status D. similar-to-me E. stereotyping

organizational performance

Jean-Ralphio's manager is evaluating how well he uses available resources to satisfy customers and whether he is accomplishing organizational goals. This is an example of... A. differentiation B. organizational performance C. product development D. diversification E. organizational input

Obstructionist

Managers at Enron prevented employees from selling Enron shares in their pension funds while they sold hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of their own Enron stock. This illustrates the_____ approach to social responsibility. A. proactive B. offensive C. obstructionist D. defensive E. accommodative

Conservative

Managers in a(n) _____ culture are likely to establish clear reporting relationships so employees know exactly whom to report to and how to react to any problems that arise. A. Instrumental B. Terminal C. Formal D. Conservative E. Innovative

counteract workers' natural tendencies to avoid work.

Managers who accept the assumptions of Theory X A. provide opportunities for workers to be imaginative. B. focus on giving employees opportunities to exercise initiative. C. create a work setting that encourages commitment to organization goals. D. view workers as motivated and capable of exercising self-control. E. counteract workers' natural tendencies to avoid work.

internal locus of control

Michael is a regional manager for a paper company. Recent reports summarized that Michael's branch was not performing as well as other branches in his district. Michael thinks he has been a poor leader and blames himself for the decline in performance in his branch. Michael's view of the situation is an example of... A. external locus of control. B. need for affiliation. C. low self-esteem. D. tolerance of failure. E. internal locus of control.

finding the best way to use resources to achieve organizational goals

Middle managers are responsible for... A. creating the top-management team. B. finding the best way to use resources to achieve organizational goals. C. establishing the organization's goals and visions. D. the daily supervision of the nonmanagerial employees E. fine-tuning and developing the skills of top managers.

whatever promotes a fair distribution of outcomes

One managerial implication of the justice model is that managers should base their decisions on A. whatever promotes a fair distribution of outcomes. B. the effects the decision can have on stakeholders' rights. C. what provides maximum profits to the company. D. the greatest good for the greatest number of people. E. the personal situation of employees.

get a neutral third party to investigate the claims of sexual harassment

Sheila went to the general manager to file a complaint regarding something her supervisor said to her that implied that she would be demoted or fired if she did not submit to a sexual request. Which step should the general manager first take to deal with this complaint? A. get a neutral third party to investigate the claims of sexual harassment B. take disciplinary action against the alleged person as soon as possible C. talk to Sheila's supervisor D. check Sheila's background and history of complaints E. inform all managers about the complaint

True

T/F: "An ethical decision is one that a typical person in a society would think is acceptable" is a statement that reflects the practical rule.

False

T/F: Anna has formal authority to make many of the organization's business decisions because her father owns the company. This is consistent with Weber's principles of bureaucracy.

False

T/F: Efficiency is a measure of the appropriateness of the goals that managers have selected for the organization to pursue and the degree to which the organization achieves those goals.

False

T/F: Following the distributive justice principle means that all members of an organization receive identical or similar outcomes.

True

T/F: In a mechanistic structure, emphasis is on strict discipline and order.

False

T/F: Lewd jokes and sexually oriented comments are examples of quid pro quo sexual harassment.

False

T/F: Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) are required behaviors of organization members that contribute to organizational efficiency and effectiveness.

True

T/F: Organizational culture reflects the distinctive ways in which organization members relate to one another and work together.

True

T/F: Stakeholders benefit in the long run if companies make the right choices.

False

T/F: When authority is centralized, organizations empower middle managers and create self-managed teams that monitor and control their own activities.

Customers

The _____ stakeholder group is considered to be the most critical. A. stockholders B. managers C. suppliers D. customers E. employees

whose personalities are similar to theirs.

The attraction-selection-attrition framework suggests that the founders of organizations tend to be attracted to and select employees... A. whose personalities are similar to theirs. B. with similar educational qualifications. C. with diverse interests and skills. D. whose need for achievement is low. E. whose need for power is high.

controlling

Tom, the CEO of Rent-a-Swag, reviews the performance of his company over the last quarter to determine whether they are meeting the planned sales and profitability goals. In this instance, which managerial task is he performing? A. structuring B. delegating C. controlling D. organizing E. planning

It is the tendency to focus attention on individuals who are conspicuously different from us.

What is the salience effect? A. It is the tendency for individuals to see themselves more positively than others around them. B.It is the tendency to perceive others who are like ourselves more positively than we perceive people who are different. C. It is the tendency to focus attention on individuals who are conspicuously different from us. D. It is the tendency to perceive individuals with disabilities as noncontributors to society. E.It is the tendency to perceive individuals with a higher position in the social hierarchy more positively than we perceive those with a lower position in the social hierarchy.

Proactive

Which of the following approaches is characterized by the highest degree of social responsibility? A. Defensive B. Offensive C. Proactive D. Accommodative E. Obstructionist

Securing top management commitment

Which of the following helps ensure that diversity is managed effectively in an organization? A. evaluating subordinates in extremes of positivity or negativity B. securing top management commitment C. covering up biases and stereotypes D. discouraging sharing of differing perspectives E. focusing attention on individuals who are conspicuously different from us

Emotions may play important roles in ethical decision making.

Which of the following is true about emotions? A. Emotions do not affect judgment. B. Emotions have no effect on moods. C. Emotions that have been dealt with never linger. D. Emotions persist over long periods of time. E. Emotions may play important roles in ethical decision making.

They experience negative moods frequently.

Which of the following is true about people who are high on negative affectivity? A. They experience positive moods frequently. B. They are very optimistic and friendly. C. They are incapable of feeling happy. D. They experience negative moods frequently. E. They are incapable of being pessimistic.

The effects of perception lead to different interpretations in the area of diversity

Which of the following is true about perception? A.Perceptions are a person's preconceived notions about the nature of men and women and their traits. B. The effects of perception lead to different interpretations in the area of diversity. C. Perceptions change quickly depending on the mood of a person. D. Perceptions are influenced by schemas rather than stereotypes. E.Perception is the collection of abstract knowledge structures stored in memory that makes interpreting information possible.

They are the terminal and instrumental values that are guiding principles in an individual's life.

Which of the following is true about value systems? A. They are reward systems that encourage valued employees to set high standards for themselves. B. They are the terminal and instrumental values that are guiding principles in an individual's life. C. They are the rules valued by organizations by which employees are expected to abide. D. They are the personality traits of employees valued by organizations. E. They highlight valuable contributions employees have made toward organizations in the past.

It takes in resources from its external environment and converts them into goods that are then sent back to that environment for purchase by customers.

Which of the following is true of an open system? A. It uses resources from the external environment for internal processes, but does not return anything to the external environment. B. The input, process, and output stages in the production process are performed in the external environment. C. It is more likely to experience entropy than is a closed system. D. It takes in resources from its external environment and converts them into goods that are then sent back to that environment for purchase by customers. E. It is a self-contained system that is not affected by changes in its environment.

It resulted in job dissatisfaction for many workers.

Which of the following is true of scientific management? A. It resulted in job dissatisfaction for many workers. B. It brought all workers more gain than hardship. C. It resulted in increased trust between managers and workers. D. It resulted in jobs that were usually nonrepetitive. E. It revealed the maximum efficiency of work systems.

The failure of a company can have catastrophic effects on a community

Which of the following statements is true of ethical decision making? A.The results of ethical behavior are loss of reputation and resources, and skilled managers and employees leaving the company. B. Customers are often regarded as the least important stakeholder group. C. The failure of a company can have catastrophic effects on a community D. When making business decisions, managers must exclusively consider the claims of stockholders. E.Communities, societies, and nations are independent of the effects of the decisions made by companies.

This rule ensures that managers will take into account the interests of all the stakeholders.

Which of the following statements is true of the practical rule of ethical decision making? A.This rule states that an ethical decision is one that a manager will be hesitant or reluctant to communicate to people outside the company because the typical person in a society would think it is unacceptable. B. This rule emphasizes distributing benefits and harms in an equitable way. C.This rule states that it is acceptable for a company to choose an unethical action if the action provides the greatest good for the greatest number of people. D.This rule requires managers to determine the fair or unfair rules and procedures for distributing outcomes to stakeholders. E. This rule ensures that managers will take into account the interests of all the stakeholders.

Moral Scruples

_____ are thoughts and feelings that tell people what is right or wrong. A. Norms B. Practical rules C. Individual rights D. Moral scruples E. Ethical dilemmas

Management science theory

_______ is a contemporary approach to management that focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to assist managers to make the best use of organizational resources to produce goods and services. A. The human relations movement B. Contingency theory C. Management science theory D. Behavioral management E. Administrative management

Rules

formal written instructions that specify actions to be taken under different circumstances