MGMT 310 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS

Which of the following statements is true regarding negotiation?

Feeling bad about your performance during a negotiation tends to impair future negotiations.

Which of the following is an example of an uplifting event according to the affective events theory?

meeting a project milestone

Which of the following mood dimensions is a pure marker of high negative affect?

nervousness

The theory of cognitive dissonance was proposed by ________.

Leon Festinger

________ is a pure marker of low positive affect.

Relaxation

Which of the following is a cause of work-life conflicts?

global organizations

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, the role of a(n) ________ is to transmit information received from outsiders or from other employees to members of the organization.

Disseminator

________ is a pure marker of low negative affect.

Boredom

Myriam is analyzing the gender roles of men and women in management in the United States and comparing them to the gender roles in management in Japan. She is surveying fifty male and fifty female managers in each country to compare their daily behavior. Myriam's study exemplifies how ________ contributes to OB.

Anthropology

Which of the following is true with regard to moderating variables in attitude relationships?

Attitudes that our memories can easily access are more likely to predict our behavior.

Ben has been working as a process executive at an accounting firm for the past two years. A hard worker, his work is of good quality and he often puts in extra hours at the office to ensure his schedules are on track. Noticing his efforts, the management offers him a 20 percent hike. Two months later, Ben submits his resignation and soon joins a startup organization, at a senior position. Which of the following best explains this situation?

Ben found his work to be routine and monotonous.

Which of the following is not true regarding positive and negative emotions in different cultures?

Compared to Mainland Chinese, Taiwanese are similar to Latin Americans in their experience of culture.

Raymond Mayer is conducting a study on discrimination against campaign activists based on gender. In his study, he noted that male executives who visited Indonesian villages to promote the use of renewable energy received a highly positive response. In contrast, women who visited the same villages received an antagonistic response. However, Mayer stated that his findings only applied to villages. In this study, the presence of a village is considered a ________ variable.

Contingency

________ variables are variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables.

Contingency

The role of a(n) ________ is a type of informational role according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles.

Disseminator

As part of their sales training, the staff at Penny Stores is encouraged to build personal relationships with the store's patrons. Apart from receiving product training, the staff is taught to follow a scripted sales process wherein they must greet the customers, introduce themselves, and enquire about their purchase. They are also encouraged to engage in casual conversation with the customer. In a recent survey conducted by the marketing department, it was revealed that customers were dissatisfied with the level of service at Penny Stores. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation?

Customers associate superior service with efficiency and not friendliness.

Which of the following is an example of deep acting?

Dave tries to get along with a co-worker because they will soon be working together on a project.

Kim Anderson works as a campaign manager at an environmental organization in Ottawa. In the past few months, she has noticed that one team member, Janice Kenneth, has shown a lot of potential as the next project lead. However, Anderson heard from the grapevine that Kenneth may be quitting the job. She now needs to know whether she has the intention to lead the campaign in the next few months, which are crucial months for the campaign. Which of the following questions would best help Anderson understand Kenneth's intention toward the project?

Do you see yourself working with us in the next 6 months?

Sally works as a customer care executive at a telecom office in Ohio. She often needs to interact with a regular customer and she finds him extremely annoying. However, because of the nature of her work, she conceals her emotions well and politely talks to him and clarifies all his questions. Which of the following is being experienced by Sally?

Emotional dissonance

________ are caused by a specific event, are very brief, and are accompanied by distinct facial expressions.

Emotions

Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions?

Emotions are reactions to a person or event.

Under which of the following conditions is job dissatisfaction most likely to result in turnover?

Employees have high education and ability.

The manager's suggestion (of mandatory 7 day vacation) is based on which of the following assumptions?

Employees' workload can be adjusted to accommodate their requests to go on leave.

Which of the following determinants of behavior does organizational behavior study?

Individuals

Which of the following is not a reality for today's workforce?

Issues related to well-being have dropped as the number of employees who work at home rises.

Which of the following is not true regarding emotion regulation?

It can be defined as a person's ability to understand the meaning of emotions.

Which of the following best defines organizational behavior?

It involves the study of what people do in a company and how it affects the company's output.

Robert Springer woke up in the morning and felt a sense of joy and peace as he got ready for work. At work, though challenges came his way, he tackled them without getting stressed about them. This feeling lasted for several days that week. What is one of the reasons that Springer's feeling can be categorized as a mood and not as an emotion?

It is prolonged in nature

When Ariana Winter is told that her dog has been killed by a car, she feels deeply saddened. Her feelings are then overcome by a surge of anger at the car driver. However, minutes later, she is able to laugh and talk about the good memories spent with her pet. What is one of the reasons that Winter's reaction can be categorized as an emotion?

It lasted for a brief time period.

Which of the following is true with respect to workplace discrimination?

It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.

Which of the following is true regarding positive organizational scholarship?

It studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality, and unlock potential.

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, which of the following is a kind of interpersonal role?

Liaison

Melissa Woods was recently hired as the campaign manager at an environmental organization. She has a degree in environmental sustainability and possesses substantial knowledge about the issue of global warming. She has the knowledge to lead the public relations team of the organization. However, a few months later, the board of directors of the organization expressed dissatisfaction with Melissa's performance and asked her to resign. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation?

Melissa had weak interpersonal and networking skills to run the project.

Raylon Inc. is in the process of recruiting a new operations manager. The human resources team has narrowed the candidate list down to two candidates but cannot come to an agreement about whom to hire. Though both candidates have the relevant qualifications for the post, one will soon be 60 years old. The other candidate is in his early thirties. Rachel, a member of the HR team, recommends hiring the older candidate, citing his years of experience and leadership ability. Tim, on the other hand, strongly recommends that the company hire the younger candidate, as he is likely to be more flexible when it comes to working. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens Rachel's argument?

Most of the employees the operations manager will be supervising are under 30 years of age.

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, which of the following is a kind of decisional role?

Negotiator

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding cognitive dissonance?

People are less likely to reduce dissonance when the behavior is crucial.

According to Fred Luthans and his associates, managers who are involved in networking activities are most likely to undertake which of the following?

Politicking

Which of the following is the best example of mockery as a tool of discriminatory treatment in organizations?

Rifka's supervisor often stereotypes Rifka because of her ethnic heritage and makes jokes about her ethnicity.

The human resources department of Orbit Bank believes in being unbiased toward all employees and treating them fairly. They believe it is crucial that the company treat all their employees equally. However Susan Daniels, an employee at the bank, recently filed a lawsuit against the company, claiming that she was discriminated against. Which of the following, if true, best justifies Susan's action?

She was given the same incentives as her colleagues in spite of performing better than them.

The role of a(n) ________, according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, is to transmit information to outsiders about an organization's plans, policies, actions, and results and to serve as an expert in the organization's industry.

Spokesperson

In order to predict human behavior, it is best to supplement intuitive opinions with information derived from ________.

Systematic study

With reference to cognitive dissonance, in which of the following situations is the attitude-behavior relationship most likely to be strong?

The attitude refers to something with which the person has direct experience.

Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion (of mandatory 7 day vacation) most likely be accepted?

The company has a "use it or lose it" policy whereby unused leave lapses at the end of every year.

Gould Furniture is one of the leading furniture companies in Indonesia. In the past, the company had a homogeneous workforce of Indonesian employees. The company is desperate to cut operating and manufacturing costs and, hence, is considering outsourcing part of the manufacturing process to low-cost Vietnam. However, local community leaders across the country are strongly opposing this decision. They believe that exporting jobs to other countries is detrimental to their country in every way possible. Which of the following, if true, is the flaw in the local community leaders' opinion?

The furniture market contributes to 20 percent of deforestation in the country.

Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion (of mandatory 7 day vacation) least likely be accepted?

The skills required by the company are highly specialized, and hence the company is short-staffed.

Which of the following is true about emotions?

They are critical to rational thinking

Which of the following explains why the relationship between age and job performance is likely to be of increasing importance during the next decade?

U.S. legislation, in effect, outlaws mandatory retirement.

The ________ is the most widely used intelligence test in hiring decisions and takes only twelve minutes to be completed.

Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test

Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience?

affect

Ashley Madison works as a receptionist at a fashion magazine. One morning, her boss walks into the office and yells at her, telling her that the front office is a mess and she needs to clean it immediately. After her boss leaves the room, Madison goes to the front office and violently slams trash into the bin. Which of the following best describes Madison's anger?

an emotion

Leon Festinger argued that ________ follow(s) ________.

attitudes; behavior

The physical ability that allows a body to maintain equilibrium despite opposing forces is known as ________.

balance

Kimberley Mayfield recently evaluated her subordinate's progress report. She now plans to inform her about the objectives she did not achieve and how she can perform better. By doing this, Mayfield will be demonstrating the ________ component of an attitude.

behavioral

The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace is called ________ behavior.

citizenship

The statement, "A person who eats meat and then fights for animal rights demonstrates double standards" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an attitude.

cognitive

Anna Jonas owns a manufacturing firm in Indonesia and strongly believes that it is important that workers' rights be respected. However, because of the recent economic meltdown, she makes the management pay workers a wage which is below ethical standards. In addition, the working conditions are below standards because of low investment in safety equipment. She knows her actions are unethical but continues to do so to avoid major losses. Jonas is most likely to be experiencing ________.

cognitive dissonance

Group ________ is the extent to which members of a group support and validate one another at work.

cohesion

Negative affect is a mood dimension consisting of ________ at the low end.

depression

Which of the following terms best describes an intense feeling directed at someone or something?

emotion

A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work is known as ________.

emotional labor

Which of the following best represents deep-level similarity?

employees who seek challenges in assignments and like to work collaboratively

The performance variables productivity, absenteeism, and turnover are generally considered a part of the ________ behaviors in the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework.

exit and neglect

Which of the following is an example of the affective component of an attitude?

feeling hurt at being unfairly accused of a wrongdoing

Amber and Emma were recently hired by a marketing agency. Though there is a lot of work that has been allotted to both of them, Amber is always in a good mood. Emma, on the other hand, appears to be depressed with her job. Compared to Emma, Amber is more likely to ________.

find better solutions to problems

The concept of "reflected best-self" involves ________.

focusing on eliminating shortcomings to bring out the best in oneself

Carlos is upset because his boss gave him work to finish over the weekend. It is Friday. Which of the following is most likely to help Carlos lift his spirits?

going to a party with his friends

Gerard Yoder believes that every time he picks up his daughter, Penny, from school, it brings him good luck. The last time he picked her up from school, he won a lottery ticket. Today, after he received her from school, he reached his office and found out that he has been promoted. Which of the following concepts best describes Yoder's belief?

illusory correlation

Which of the following is a biographical characteristic of an employee?

length of tenure

Henry Hutchins is discontent with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who will do whatever is necessary to reduce his dissatisfaction with the job. He has decided to just wait and give his supervisor some time until conditions improve. Henry's response to this problem is termed as ________.

loyalty

By 2020, the 55-and-older age group of the U.S. labor force will represent approximately ________ of the total labor force.

one-quarter

Jeremy Samuels works in a police department in California. His job often requires him to observe clues that criminals leave behind. His job is to analyze these clues, which helps the department catch the criminal. Which of the following dimensions of intellectual ability does Samuels most likely have?

perceptual speed

Employees with positive core self-evaluations believe in their inner worth and basic competence and are more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative core self-evaluations. The concept of positive core self-evaluations indicates that ________.

personality plays a role in job satisfaction

Which of the following is one of the three variables proposed by a basic OB model which refers to actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs?

processes

________ is an example of an outcome at the organizational level.

profitability

Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their jobs, and their perceived autonomy is termed as ________.

psychological empowerment

Joseph Pierce is the managing director of Drake Coal Power Plant in North Yorkshire. He knows that coal is a major contributor to climate change and has made his research team study impacts of coal on the environment. After knowing the facts, he faces a high degree of dissonance between his values and behavior. Which of the following is he most likely to do to reduce the dissonance between his belief and behavior?

reassure the public that there is no correlation between environment and coal production

An example of an input at an organizational level is ________.

structure

Employees are most likely to perceive their organization as supportive when ________.

they have a voice in decisions

The exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework expands employee response to include voice and loyalty—constructive behaviors that allow individuals to ________.

tolerate unpleasant situations or revive satisfactory working conditions