MGMT Exam #2 Quiz Questions

for options-based planning to work, the organization must___. a. have slack resources b. have tall organizational structures c. have broad spans of management d. use cross-functional teams e. use decentralization

a. have slack resources

the Japanese government has proclaimed that its snow is different from that found in any other region of the world. As a result, all snow skis marketed in Japan must be manufactured in Japan. this is an example of a ____. a. import boycott b. tariff c. industry subsidy d. non tariff barrier e. industry nationalization

non tariff barrier

a country or region that has an attractive business climate for companies that want to fo global has found an ____. a. easy access to growing markets b. experienced marketplace metamorphosis c. eliminated all political risks d. a limited infrastructure e. all of these

a. easy access to growing markets

a country or region that has an attractive business climate for companies that want to go global has found an _____. a. easy access to growing markets b. experienced marketplace metamorphosis c. eliminated all political risks d. a limited infrastructure e. all of these

a. easy access to growing markets

one of the benefits of planning is how it ____. a. encourages people to work harder for extended periods b. encourages people to try a variety of different ways to do others job c. reduces employee turnover d. creates a mechanistic environment e. does none of these

a. encourages people to work harder to extended periods

which of the following is a trend that has allowed companies to skip the phase model when going global? a. quick, reliable air travel b. the globalization of the cocooning trend c. a critical need for resources d. the metamorphosis of marketplaces e. all of these

a. quick, reliable air travel

protectionism is the use of trade barriers to protect local companies and their workers from ____. a. international unions b. foreign competition c. trademark infringements d. patent violations e. all of these

b. foreign competition

Backward compatibility is an important consideration for software users who are using an accounting program to facilitate their tax preparation and who want to use a newer version that has greater capacity. Therefore, many software manufacturers engage in ____. a. coercive change b. generational change c. intuitive change d. incremental modification e. dominant design manipulation

b. generational change

in a multinational firm, managers at a company headquarters typically prefer an emphasis on _____ because it simplifies decisions. a. domestic adaptation b. global consistency c. local adaptation d. local consistency e. global adaptation

b. global consistency

____ is the process of choosing a solution from available alternatives. a. problem solving b. Heuristics c. Multivariable selection d. Decision making e. problem identification

d. decision making

one of the benefits of planning is how it___. a. improves vertical integration of departments b. encourages people to remain with the company, rather than go work for the competition c. make a long-term mission statement redundant d. encourages people to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment e. eliminates the need for change agents

d. encourages people to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment

____ are types of standing plans. a. transformational plans b. MBO guidelines c. Long-Term tactical strategies d. Policies and procedures e. targeted plans

d. policies and procedures

one method of weighing decision criteria uses ____, which is a process where each decision is compared directly to every other criterion. a. minimum threshold rule b. comparative ranking scales c. absolute comparisons d. relative comparisons e. valences

d. relative comparisons

___ are standing plans that indicate the specific steps that should be taken in response to a particular event. a. options-based plans b. Single-use plans c. actionable plans d. policies e. procedures

e. procedures

a ____ lists the specific steps, people, resources and time period for accomplishing a goal. a. subordinate objective b. strategy c. proximal goal d. action plan e. distal goal

d. action plan

When Clorox Corporation, the manufacturer of bleach and bleach-based cleaning products, acquired Kingsford Charcoal and Prime Choice brand steak sauce; it was an example of ____. a. a repositioning strategy b. internal growth c. a pioneering strategy d. a stability strategy e. external growth

e. external growth

the basic purpose of ___ planning is to leave commitments open by maintaining slack resources. a. learned-based planning b. the establishment of planning windows c. operant planning d. traditional planning e. options-based planning

e. options-based planning

which of the following is a possible outcome of planning? a. planning may lead to a mechanistic organizational chart b. planning may harm individual and organizational performance c. planning can eliminate need for formalization d. planning will allow the company to know about all changes in its external environment before they occur e. all of these are possible outcomes of planing

b. planning may harm individual and organizational performance

the ___ strategy of minimizing or adapting to the political risk inherent to global business make use of joint ventures and collaborative contracts. a. avoidance b. defensive c. cooperation d. control e. offensive

c. cooperation

which of the following statements about resistance to change is true? a. resistance to change will not occur when change efforts receive significant managerial support b. resistance to change will not occur when employees are educated about the need for change c. resistance to change will always occur; it is inevitable d. resistance to change disappears when the organization operates in conditions of certainty e. resistance to change will not occur when the affected by the change participate in its planning and implementation

c. resistance to change will always occur; it is inevitable

according to SMART guidelines, goals should be ____. a. aggregated b. reliable c. timely d. motivated e. all of these

c. timely

management by objectives (MBO) is a management technique often used to develop and carry out ____. a. hierarchical plans b. single-use plans c. operational plans d. tactical plans e. standing plans

d. tactical plans

____ refers to the production of novel and useful ideas. a. innovative style b. the synergistic use of resources c. ideation d. organizational adaptation e. creativity

e. creativity

as direct competitors, UPS and FedEx would have ____. a. a high degree of market commonality b. a low degree of market commonality c. a low degree of resource variability d. a low degree of competitive inertia e. a high degree of resource synergy

a. a high degree of market commonality

when the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers is high, companies in the industry will ___. a. find it more difficult to be profitable b. divest themselves of all of their cash cows c. engage in organizational restructuring d. most likely use a growth strategy e. not own any stars

a. find it more difficult to be profitable

the positioning strategy that is always paired with one of the other two positioning strategies to produce a specialized product or service is ____. a. focus b. cost leadership c. diversification d. repositioning e. differentition

a. focus

the positioning strategies identified by Micheal Porter are ____. a. focus, cost leadership, and differentiation b. defender strategy; diversification, and cost leadership c. divestment; cost leadership, and diversification d. diversification, acquisition, and divestment e. entrepreneurial, growth, and stability

a. focus, cost leadership, and differentiation

a ___ is a resource that is impossible or extremly costly or difficult for other firms to duplicate. a. imperfectly imitable b. strategically dissonant c. rare d. reliable e. non substitutable

a. imperfectly imitable

the lat step in effective planning is to ____. a. maintain flexibility in planning b. develop goal commitment c. track progress toward goal achievement d. acculturate the employees e. develop long-term action plans

a. maintain flexibility in planning

the first step in the compression approach to innovation is _____. a. planning b. creating multifunctional teams c. overlapping of the individual steps d. granting autonomy e. supplier involvement

a. planning

what are the two types of political risk that affect companies conducting global business? a. political uncertainty and policy uncertainty b. cultural strength and political risks c. nationalism and economic uncertainty d. infrastructure dynamism and political uncertainty e. policy uncertainty and expropriation

a. political uncertainty and policy uncertainty

A cosmetics company that is considering entering the South American market would be especially interested in the discretionary income within that region. In other words, which of the following would be a determining factor in its global strategy? a. purchasing power b. politcal uncertainty c. sociocultural trends d. expropriation potential e. infrastructure

a. purchasing power

to protect its farmers, Japan put limitations on the amount of mushrooms and leeks that could be imported into Japan from China. This limitation is an example of a _____. a. quota b. voluntary import restraint c. tariff d. agricultural import standard e. subsidy

a. quota

Russia imposed limits on how much poultry, beef, and pork could be imported into the nation from the European Union (EU) in retaliation to limits the EU placed on how much grain Russia could export. What type of nontariff barrier did Russia use to control the amount of poultry, beef, and port it imported from the EU? a. quotas b. duties c. customs classifications d. subsidies e. boycotts

a. quotas

the purpose of pre-departure language and cross-cultural training is to ____. a. reduce the uncertainty for those becoming expatriates b. encourage job specialization c. cater to employees who require affective learning d. increase job empathy e. avoid legal problems in the future

a. reduce the uncertainty for those becoming expatriates

_____ occurs when managers choose an alternative that is good enough, rather than the best possible alternative. a. satisfying b. negative frame c. optimizing d. availability e. maximizing

a. satisfying

which of the following is one of the sources of resistance to change? a. self-interest b. sustainable status quo c. multifunctional teams d. dynamic organizational culture e. discontinuous innovation

a. self-interest

which of the following is not one of the characteristics of SMART goals? a. Synergistic b. Measurable c. Timely d. Realistic e. Attainable

a. synergistic S- specific M- measurable A- attainable R- realistic T- timely

Kodak is a company associated with photography. The development of the digital camera forced Kodak into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was a(n) ____. a. technological discontinuity b. process addition c. example of design advantage d. process obsolescence e. technological subtraction

a. technological discontinunity

When a merger of South Carolina-based Springs Industries with the Brazilian textile producer Coteminas was announced, the CEO of Springs was quoted as saying, "It is unclear what effect this move will have on our employees though no immediate layoffs are planned. There may be some in the future." In the ____ stage of the organizational change, the CEO should use empathy and communicate specific details of the merger. a. unfreezing b. refreezing c. change intervention d. change mobilization e. the change prototype

a. unfreezing

the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin are ____. a. unfreezing, change intervention, and refreezing b. synthesizing, motiving and rewarding c. change definition, change motivation and change d. change definition, change mobilization, and change acceptance e. organizational change, departmental change and individual change

a. unfreezing, change intervention and refreezing

When Coca-Cola discovered it had an unauthorized bottler selling Coke in the Colombian jungle, it used the rational decision making process to find a solution. What do you know about the stage in which Coke evaluated its possible courses of action? a. coke found this stage to be the least expensive of all the stages b. coke found this stage to be the most time-consuming of all the stages c. this stage was the last stage in the process for coke d. the stage required coke use complex mathematical models e. none of these statements accurately describe this stage

b. Coke found this stage to be the most time-consuming of all the stages

the _____ is a regional trade agreement that liberalized trade between countries more than any other such agreement. a. Maastricht Treaty of Europe b. North American Free Trade Agreement c. Free Trade Area of South America d. Association of South East Nations e. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Agreement

b. North American Free Trade Agreement

according to the text, which of the following is a pitfall of planning? a. the inability of organizational line personnel to accept the long-term benefit of planning b. a false sense of certainty based on faulty assumptions c. the requirement for expensive employee training before plans can be effectively implemented d. outsourcing e. the acceptance of sacrificing solutions

b. a false sense of certainty based on faulty assumptions

which of the following methods for managing resistance to change should only be used as a last resort or under crisis conditions? a. arbitration b. coercion c. reinforcement modification d. mentoring e. negotiation

b. coercion

an organization is experiencing _____ when it is reluctant to change strategies or competitive practices that have been successful in the past. a. sustained competitive disarray b. competitive inertia c. strategic dissonance d. competitive dissonance e. strategic inertia

b. competitive inertia

what are the strategies that can be used to minimize or adapt to the political risk inherent to global business? a. cooperative, customary and nationalistic strategies b. control, avoidance and cooperative strategies c. creative, cooperative and defensive strategies d. protectionist, avoidance, and offensive strategies e. avoidance, protectionist and guerrilla strategies

b. control, avoidance and cooperative strategies

Aveda is a manufacturer and marketer of cosmetics, perfumes, hair-care, and skin-care products. To differentiate its products from other similar brands, Aveda focuses on educating its customers on general skin and hair care. Its salespeople are trained to answer questions and help customers find solutions. Aveda has used customer education and employee training to ____. a. create synergy through relationship marketing b. create a competitive advantage c. make efficient use of imitative resources d. prevent product duplication e. eliminate the need for non substitutable resources

b. create a competitive advantage

Kodak is a company associated with photography and has decided to become a market leader in digital imaging. Kodak can encourage the development of a culture where workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed by offering challenging work and supervisory encouragement. In other words, the company can create a(n) ____ a. culture of change b. creative work environment c. tall structure to encourage horizontal communications d. adaptive culture e. open system

b. creative work environment

____ refers to the production of novel and useful ideas. a. the synergistic use or resources b. creativity c. ideation d. organizational adaptation e. innovative style

b. creativity

the nominal group technique improves group decision making by ____. a. requiring the selection of co-leaders to prevent member dominance b. decreasing a-type conflict c. encouraging all members to have an equal voice in the decision making process d. providing predetermined group norms e. eliminating group cohesiveness

b. decreasing a-type conflict

the ___ approach to decision-making is a method In which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of a critic. a. groupthink b. devil's advocacy c. dyadic communications d. dialectical inquiry e. Delphi

b. devil's advocacy

_____ occurs when a company sells domestically produced products to customers in foreign countries. a. franchising b. exporting c. direct foreign investment d. a joint venture e. licensing

b. exporting

which of the following is NOT one of the components of creative work environments? a. freedom b. group compensation c. supervisory encouragement d. challenging work e. organizational encouragement

b. group compensation

resource similarity and ___ are factors that determine the extent to which firms will be in direct competition with each other. a. related diversification b. market commonality c. product differentiation d. customer autonomy e. resource quality

b. market commonality

When Gregg Steiner became the vice president for Cleveland-based Pinxav, he knew the diaper-rash product manufacturer's sales were declining. At a trade show Steiner was pitching the product to some new mothers who had never heard of it. The mothers weren't convinced that they should part with their money for a new-to-them product. The inspired Steiner said, "If you're not happy with the product, I will not only give you your money back, I'll buy you our competitors' product. I'll buy you whatever other brand you want." Suddenly the women were interested, and they all plunked down their money. None of the women ever took Steiner up on his offer. So Steiner decided to make it part of his business practice. This new guarantee was an example of ____. a. organizational networking b. organizational innovation c. assembly networking d. reverse engineering e. corporate synergy

b. organizational innovation

Uganda is one of only two countries in the world that produce a mineral required in the manufacturing of cellular phones. Several mining companies recently moved their operations out of the region due to a bloody civil war resulting from a change in rulers. This is an example of how ____ can influence global business. a. policy uncertainty b. political uncertainty c. infrastructure failure d. economic risk e. nationalization

b. politcal uncertainty

Neither Chile nor Peru has a mass-market café culture, but that fact has not stopped Starbucks from trying to determine what can be done to make its coffee houses successful in those markets. By recognizing that people in these two South American countries do not drink coffee like people in the United States and that they should change this habit, Starbucks has begun a ____ process with problem identification. a. selection of optimal solutions b. rational decision making c. framing constraints d. sacrificing e. trend analysis

b. rational decision making

from a competitive standpoint, ___ means that the strategic actions your company takes can probably be matched by your direct competitors. a. market commonality b. resource similarity c. competitive autonomy d. competitive inertia e. character of the rivalry

b. resource similarity

_______ are the assets, capabilities, processes, information, and knowledge that an organization uses to improve its effectiveness and efficiency, to create and sustain competitive advantage, and to fulfill a need or solve a problem. a. grand strategies b. resources c. distinctive competencies d. strategic stances e. competitive advantages

b. resources

the ____ strategy is analogous to pruning flowers. a. stability b. retrenchment/recovery c. growth d. portfolio e. repositioning

b. retrenchment/recovery

the use of milestones in the experiential approach to innovation ____. a. serves to eliminate manufacturing bottlenecks b. shortens the innovation process c. creates incrementally sustainable advantages d. virtually eliminates problems associated with the control function of management e. does all of these

b. shortens the innovation process

___ are a type of operational plan. a. Mission Modifications b. Single-Use Plans c. Benchmarks d. Short-term strategies e. Contingency plans

b. single use plans

among companies who use the adaptive strategies, ____ blend the strategies used by _____. a. prospectors; analyzers and reactors b. reactors; defenders and prospectors c. analyzers; defenders and prospectors d. reactors; prospectors and analyzers e. analyzer; defenders and reactors

c. analyzers; defenders and prospectors

When significant improvements in performance can ONLY be gained through radical new designs or new performance-enhancing materials, it is likely that a company is ____ in the S-curve pattern of innovation. a. at the problem identification stage of the innovation cycle b. at the end of its maturity stage c. at the end of the innovation cycle d. at its breakeven point e. at either the beginning or end of the innovation cycle

c. at the end of the innovation cycle

When The Home Depot opened stores in Canada, it ran a series of ads featuring an animated hammer that showed that the U.S.-based home improvement store had the lowest prices. According to Michael Porter, which of the following positioning strategies did The Home Depot adopt to deal with existing Canadian stores that sold similar products? a. diversification b. focus c. cost leadership d. repositioning e. differentiation

c. cost leadership

when resistance to change is based on insufficient, incorrect or misleading information, mangers should use _____ as an approach to manage resistance. a. negotiation b. coercion c. education and communication d. change manipulation e. participation

c. education and communication

one of the benefits of planning is how it ____. a. eliminates the need for change agents b. makes a long-term mission statement redundant c. encourages people to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment d. encourages people to remain with the company, rather than go to work for the competition e. improves vertical integration of departments

c. encourages people to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment

Fran Wilson Creative Cosmetics is a medium-sized U.S. company that sells 1.5 million tubes of its lipstick annually in Japan. It has no physical presence within the country beyond the fact its products are sold there. Fran Wilson Creative Cosmetics uses ____ to reach the Japanese market. a. a strategic alliance b. licensing c. exporting d. franchising e. direct investment

c. exporting

during the ____ phase of a technology cycle. companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant design. a. technological discontinuity b. dominant design c. incremental change d. discontinuous change e. technological continuity

c. incremental change

In Canada, two automobile companies have entered into a ____ to create CAMI Automotive. One firm's management runs the plant, which makes the other's cars. The agreement gives one access to the other's dealers to sell its brand of vehicles. a. subsidiary arrangement b. licensing agreement c. joint venture d. exporting agency e. cooperative contract

c. joint venture

which of the following is NOT a step in the management by objectives (MBO) process? a. participate in the selection of goals that are consistent with the company's overall goals b. jointly discuss possible goals c. jointly develop operational plans d. participatively select goals that are challenging e. meet regularly to review progress toward goal accomplishment

c. jointly develop operational plans

who is responsible for the creation of tactical plans? a. lower-level managers b. staff advisors c. middle managers d. team leaders e. top managers

c. middle managers

Nestle is a company headquartered in Switzerland with manufacturing plants in Columbia, Australia, Canada, Egypt, Kenya, and more than 90 other nations. Nestle is an example of a ____. a. acculturated cooperation b. multi-domestic global company c. multinational corporation d. ethnocentric organization e. macro-marketer

c. multinational corporation

according to the text, valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable resources can produce sustainable competitive advantage only if they are ___ resources. a. imitable b. reliable c. non substitutable d. expensive e. substitutable

c. non substitutable

which of the following factors helps a company determine the growth potential of a foreign market? a. natural boundaries b. land availability c. purchasing power d. type of infrastructure e. political uncertainty

c. purchasing power

according to strategic reference point theory, managers have two basic strategic alternatives. they are ___. a. risk-avioiding strategy and pioneering strategy b. risk-maintenance strategy and conflict avoidance strategy c. risk-avoiding strategy and risk-seeking strategy d. frontal attack strategy and guerrilla strategy e. none of these

c. risk-avoiding strategy and risk-seeking strategy

Marie-Helene de Taillac is a well-known European designer of understated, very delicate jewelry. Once she determined that further growth was impossible without changing how she distributed her product, she decided to open her own retail outlet to sell her products rather than letting department stores sell it. Since she made the decision without really examining how much the costs involved in implementing her decision, she has engaged in ____ behavior. a. leapfrogging b. laddering c. satisfying d. maximizing e. benchmarking

c. satisfying

according to the SMART guideline, goals should be ____. a. aggregated b. reliable c. timely d. motivated e. all of these

c. timely

The auto industry has been perfecting the internal combustion engine (ICE) for some 120 years. The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), a cooperative program between the Big Three and the U.S. government to replace ICEs with electric engines, has been operating since 1993. The internal combustion engine (ICE) is an example of ____ a. a dichotomous product b. a synergistic design c. design dichotomy d. a dominant design e. a differential design

d. a dominant design

Uganda is one of only two countries in the world that produce a mineral required in the manufacturing of cellular phones. A company which mines that rare mineral decided to not invest in the country due to a bloody civil war resulting from a change in rulers. The mining company used a(n) ____. a. self-protection strategy b. control strategy c. cooperative strategy d. avoidance strategy e. elimination strategy

d. avoidance strategy

Tom Valerio was the point man on a major push to reinvent CIGNA Property & Casualty. His vision for CIGNA was to become a top-quartile, specialist property and casualty company. It was a radical proposition. Valerio was a(n) ____. a. change ombudsman b. staff moderator c. change mentor d. change agent e. intrapreneur

d. change agent

an organization is experiencing _____ when it is reluctant to change strategies or competitive practices that have been successful in the past. a. strategic inertia b. competitive dissonance c. sustained competitive disarray d. competitive inertia e. strategic dissonance

d. competitie inertia

The highly fragmented chemical industry in Europe has experienced decreasing profits in an industry reluctance to change the way it conducts business, especially in how it competes against lower-priced U.S. imports. This is an example of ____. a. strategic inertia b. competitive apathy c. competitive dissonance d. competitive inertia e. strategic apathy

d. competitive inertia

while ___ is a problem strongly associated with top managers, ____ is a problem more likely to be associated with middle and lower-level managers. a. strategic inertia; competitive dissonance b. competitive dissonance; strategic inertia c. differentiation discrepancy; strategic dissonance d. competitive inertia; strategic dissonance e. strategic dissonance; competitive discrepancy

d. competitive inertia; strategic dissonance

ARI is a leading provider of sales and profit-building technology services for equipment dealers. When Unverferth Manufacturing, a supplier of agricultural equipment, wanted to change the way it supplied information it contacted ARI. ARI presented the manufacturer with a solution that allowed it to replace its paper catalogs with online catalogs. As a result, Unverferth was able to eliminate costly paper catalogs and gain the ability to provide up-to-the-minute information to its dealers. This incremental change that was aided by supplier involvement was an example of the ____ approach to innovation. a. generational b. supply-side c. experiential d. compression e. milestones

d. compression

Kodak is a company associated with photography and has decided to become a market leader in digital imaging. Kodak can encourage the development of a culture where workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed by offering challenging work and supervisory encouragement. In other words, the company can create a(n) ____. a. adaptive culture b. tall structure to encourage horizontal communications c. culture of change d. creative work environment e. open system

d. creative work environment

______ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, values and encouraged. a. innovative societies b. participative work teams c. homogeneous work environments d. creative work environments e. empathetic work stations

d. creative work environments

a technology ____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaces by a newer, substantially better technology. a. hierarchy b. process c. pattern d. cycle e. continuum

d. cycle

Glassmaker AFG Industries positions itself as the primary supplier of glass used in microwave doors, shower doors, and patio tables. What type of a positioning strategy does the glass manufacturer use? a. adaptive b. diversification c. growth d. focus e. differentiation

d. focus

a ___ strategy is a corporate strategy that addresses the question "How should we compete in this industry?" a.SUB-level b. niche-specific c. corporate-level d. industry-level e. firm-level

d. industry level

Marie-Helene de Taillac is a well-known European designer of understated, very delicate jewelry. Once she determined that further growth was impossible without changing how she distributed her product, she decided to open her own retail outlet to sell her products rather than letting department stores sell it. Since she made the decision without really examining how much the costs involved in implementing her decision, she has engaged in ____ behavior. a. leapfrogging b. maximizing c. benchmarking d. satisfying e. laddering

d. satisfying

Top-Flite manufactures Strata golf balls and prices these balls at about three times what ordinary golf balls cost. The Strata ball sells exceptionally well because customers perceive its patented three-layer construction to improve handling and increase distance. The patent on these golf balls gives Top-Flite a(n) ____. a. differential stance b. reliable differentiation c. aggregate marketing strategy d. sustainable competitive advantage e. strategic stance

d. sustainable competitive advantage

in order from beginning to end, the phases of a technology cycle within an innovation stream consist of ____. a. technological discontinuity, incremental change, discontinuous change, and technological continuity b. discontinuous change, incremental change, technological discontinuity, and dominant design c. dominant design, discontinuous change, era of incremental change and technological discontinuity d. technological discontinuity, discontinuous change, dominant design and incremental change e. incremental change, discontinuous change, dominant design and technological discontinuity

d. technological discontinuity, discontinuous change, dominant design and incremental change

When a merger of South Carolina-based Springs Industries with the Brazilian textile producer Coteminas was announced, the CEO of Springs was quoted as saying, "It is unclear what effect this move will have on our employees though no immediate layoffs are planned. There may be some in the future." In the ____ stage of the organizational change, the CEO should use empathy and communicate specific details of the merger. a. change intervention b. refreezing c. change mobilization d. unfreezing e. the change prototype

d. unfreezing

which of the following factors should be considered when choosing an office/manufacturing location in the Brazilian market for a U.S. company that operates cinemas and wants to open a chain of movie theaters there? a. work force quality b. the strategy of the movies theater chain c. tariff and non tariff barriers d. exchange rates e. all of these

e. all of these

Downsizing has thinned the ranks of hospital personnel. Hospital employees were adamantly resisting any more change. What method could hospital administrators use to manage this resistance? a. educate employees about the need for change b. let the employees participate in implementing the change process c. provide significant managerial support d. let employees discuss and agree on who will do what after change occurs e. any or all of these

e. any or all of these

Clorox Corporation controls 60 percent of the bleach market. Imagine you are an entrepreneur who was considering developing and marketing a new brand of bleach. Which of Michael Porter's Industry forces should you be most concerned about? a. bargaining power of buyers b. bargaining power of suppliers c. threat of new entrants d. threat of substitute products or services e. character of the rivalry

e. character of the rivalry

_____ is the measure of the intensity of competitive behavior between companies in an industry. a. benchmarked rivalries b. competitive barrier c. product substitutability d. character of culture e. character of the rivarly

e. character of the rivalry

a technology ____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaced by a newer, sustainably better technology. a. hierarchy b. continuum c. pattern d. process e. cycle

e. cycle

An ad for a major brand of clothes washer reads, "Since our humble beginnings back in 1950, we have been dedicated to building machines with superior cleaning power, reliability, and style." This manufacturer is more than likely using which kind of positioning strategy? a. diversification b. retrenchment c. stability d. focus e. differentiation

e. differentiation

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) _____. a. decreases both tariffs and non tariff barriers b. puts sticker limits on government subsidies c. eliminates tariffs in ten specific industries d. protects intellectual property, such as trademarks, patents, and copyright e. does all of these

e. does all of these

which of the following statements about portfolio strategy is true? a. labeling a top performer as a cash cow will strengthen employee morale b. Maslow's hierarchy can be used to determine the level of motivation needed to acquire and make a success of portfolio strategy c. the evidence supports the usefulness of acquiring unrelated businesses d. the strategy may weaken the strongest performer in the corporate portfolio, the problem child e. dysfunctional consequences can occur when companies are categorized

e. dysfunctional consequences can occur when companies are categorized

McDonald's uses a ____ strategy (a kind of grand strategy) as it increases its profits in France by offering uniquely French products such as Croque McDo, the McDonald's version of a popular French grilled sandwich a. pioneering b. decline c. repositioning d. retrenchment/recovery e. growth

e. growth

organizational development _____. a. take a long-range approach to change b. creates change by educating workers and managers to change ideas, beliefs, and behaviors so that problems can be solved in new ways c. assumes that top management support is necessary for change d. emphasizes employee participation in all stages of the change e. is accurately described by all of these

e. is accurately described by all of these

a ____ is a strategic alliance in which two existing companies collaborate to form a third, independent company. a. franchise b. wholly owned affiliate c. global new venture d. cooperative contract e. joint venture

e. joint venture

Nestlé is a company headquartered in Switzerland with manufacturing plants in Columbia, Australia, Canada, Egypt, Kenya, and more than 90 other nations. Nestlé is an example of a ____. a. ethnocentric organization b. multi-domestic global company c. acculturated corporation d. macro-marketer e. multinational corporation

e. multinational corporation

according to SMART guidelines, goals should be ____. a. synergetic b. maximized c. accelerated d. role-related e. none of these

e. none of these

which of the following statements about the strategic reference point theory is true? a. the theory does not conducer risk factors b. the theory is deterministic c. the theory may lead to a bureaucratic management d. this theory recommends that managers do not change strategic reference points e. none of these statements about the strategic reference point theory is true

e. none of these statements about the strategic reference point theory is true

according to the SMART guidelines, goals should be_____. a. synergistic b. maximized c. accelerated d. role-related e. none of these

e. none of theses

Uganda is one of only two countries in the world that produce a mineral required in the manufacturing of cellular phones. Several mining companies recently moved their operations out of the region due to a bloody civil war resulting from a change in rulers. This is an example of how ____ can influence global business. a. economic risk b. nationalization c. infrastructure failure d. policy uncertainty e. political uncertainty

e. political uncertainty

a ____ exists when there is a gap between a desired state (the managers want) and an existing state (the situation that the managers are facing). a. benchmark b. service gap c. condition of uncertainty d. minimum threshold e. problem

e. problem

The Japanese government continues to use the high tariffs to make sure local farmers can earn a living. The tariff on rice is an example of ____. a. a security quota b. geocentrism c. a voluntary government restriction d. a bureaucratic subsidy e. protectionism

e. protectionism

____ forces support the status quo. a. autonomous b. experiential c. dialectical d. generational e. resistance

e. resistance

the purpose of multifunctional teams is to _____. a. allow organizations to concentrate on their internal environments and ignore the external environments until they have completed the brainstorming b. were primarily used by dot-coms and are no longer popular c. do not typically use milestones because of group cohesiveness d. replace organizational structures on a typical organizational chart e. speed innovation through early identification of new ideas or problems that would typically not have been generated until much later

e. speed innovation through early identification of new ideas or problems that would typically not have been generated until much earlier

companies that are following a ___ strategy would be most likely to try to improve the way in which they sell the same goods or services to the same customer. a. pioneering b. growth c. retrenchment/recovery d. portfolio e. stability

e. stability

An organization is experiencing ____ when there is a discrepancy between upper management's intended strategy and the strategy actually implemented by the lower levels of management. a. competitive inertia b. an organizational roadblock c. character of the rivalry d. horizontal conflict e. strategic dissonance

e. strategic dissonance

____ are long-term, low-interest loans, cash grants, and tax deductions used to develop and protect companies or special industries. a. voluntary export restraints b. cooperative contracts c. quotas d. tariffs e. subsidies

e. subsidies

one of the major questions that a company must typically answer about its future, once it has decided to go global is _____. a. how many additional employees will the company need? b. how many new shareholders will be influenced by global activities? c. will the organization's mission statement need to be changed? d. to what extent should a company abide by global or regional trade agreements e. to what extent should the company standardize or adapt business procedures?

e. to what extent should the company standardize or adapt business procedures?

several Arab countries boycott Coca-Cola products because the soft drink company maintains product distributors in Israel. This boycott is an example of ____. a. nationalization b. geocentrism c. nationalism d. acculturation e. a trade barrier

e. trade barrier