MGT 492 Chapter 1-2-3 SB and hw
The first of the basic elements for selecting an effective solution is to
determine the criteria for the decision.
What is the primary argument of the interactional perspective of organizational behavior?
Behavior is a function of interdependent person and situation factors.
________ is the remedy for ill-conceived goals.
Brainstorming unintended consequences
Which of the following statements about cheating are true?
Cheating takes many forms, including plagiarism and sharing answers via text messaging. Over half of high schoolers report cheating on exams.
True or false: Most illegal unethical acts are prosecuted.
False
Which of the following statements about emotions is false?
Felt emotions are always displayed.
Oliver, who has an internal locus of control, overslept on the morning of his final exam. Which of the following is he likely to say?
I should have had an extra alarm set as a backup.
Select all the behavioral outcomes of job satisfaction.
Job turnover Organizational citizenship Job performance
In some business situations, you will make recommendations to solve a problem. Which of the following actions can help improve the quality of your recommendations?
Make sure that your recommendations address the causes of the problem.
________ is the psychological process that arouses our interest in doing something.
Motivation
Nora wants to be a buyer for Marstons Stores. She knows that they are looking for outgoing, social people. She purposely tries to present herself as an extrovert on the personality test that she takes even though she is shy and retiring. What is the likely result of this?
Nora might get the job, but find she is unhappy in the role.
Which statement about soft skills is true?
People often fail at their jobs due to a lack of soft skills.
Select reasons people are unethical at work.
Personal motivation to perform Reward systems that offer incentives for bad behavior Pressure from supervisor
________ is the combination of stable physical, behavioral, and mental characteristics that gives individuals their unique identity.
Personality
________ can be developed because it involves a person's belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task.
Self-efficacy
Several people have quit the administrative support unit of the company recently. About that time, a new company moved into the area with a better health care plan and comparable wages. ________ is the most likely OB perspective to apply.
Situation
Which of the following statements about the relationship between person factors and situation factors are true?
Situation factors can change person factors. Person factors can change situation factors.
Match the description (on the right) with the step (on the left) in the 3-Step Approach to problem solving.
Step 1 Identify the problem by reviewing desired outcomes Identify the problem by reviewing desired outcomes Step 2 Consider possible causes of the problem using OB knowledge Consider possible causes of the problem using OB knowledge Step 3 Make practical recommendations Make practical recommendations
_______ is one element that allows employees to balance their work lives and family lives.
Telecommuting
Check all of the following statements that are true of liking and fit.
They are not particularly beneficial for managers. They are not precise enough to have real value in management. Most people evaluate a person's personality by whether or not they like them.
Which of the following statements about situation factors is true?
They are very important to your job performance.
True or false: Careers can be tarnished by the unethical behavior of others.
True
________ are relatively stable and can stem from our parents' beliefs, our experiences in childhood and throughout our life, and from our religious or spiritual beliefs.
Values
Which of the following statements about unethical behavior is true?
Very few unethical acts are illegal.
Why are ethics considered so important when studying organizational behavior?
You will be confronted with ethical challenges at all levels of organizations and throughout your career.
A problem is
a gap between an actual and a desired situation.
People can use the skills associated with practical intelligence to
adapt to their environment. manage tasks. manage themselves and others.
Narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism are
all considered undesirable because they negatively affect outcomes.
Your understanding of who you are and what your preferences are can be improved by a process called
assessment, awareness
Select the ways that POS can be increased.
avoid political behavior provide job security limit work environment stressors treat employees fairly
Widespread corporate corruption has led to which two of the following?
bankrupting of companies destruction of lives
Knowing which OB tools to use and under what circumstances is referred to as a(n)_________________________________approach to managing people.
contingency
CEOs with high ________ positively influence their organization's drive to take risks, innovate, and seek new opportunities, especially in strong dynamic business environments.
core self-evaluations
The ability to motivate employees in different ways, provide useful feedback, and manage productive teams are all aspects of a manager's performance, and doing these things well gives a manager
credibility.
Eradicating or getting rid of the situation that is causing the problem is known as ______ problems.
dissolving
Select examples of why people and environment are not static.
each new person and their characteristics changes a situation the job market is ever changing as are employers opportunities and rewards change people
Which of the following is not an element of emotional intelligence?
emotional stability
According to the Ajzen model, someone's intention to engage in a particular behavior is not necessarily a strong predictor of that behavior.
false
Values tend to vary across ________ because they are influenced by events in childhood and youth. For example, Gen Zers have been influenced by growing up during a recession (focus on saving money); making connections on their mobile devices more than 10 hours a day; and fighting for racial equality and inclusion.
generations
William, a hard and productive worker, quit because he couldn't get along with his coworkers. This would be diagnosed as a(n) ________ level problem.
group
Which of the following are the three levels that OB distinguishes among?
group organizational individual
Feelings of equity are based on a comparison of which two factors?
inputs outcomes
Effective managers favor the contingency approach because:
it encourages the consideration of many factors that influence behavior and performance.
A challenge for managers is that all employees have different _____________ , Incorrect Unavailable to be fulfilled.
needs
Mason is highly satisfied with his job. He receives consistently strong evaluations and volunteers to train new employees. Mason exhibits positive job performance and
organizational citizenship behaviors.
In the Integrative Framework, which of the following is an outcome?
organizational turnover
In the systems model of the organizing framework, what are the initial drivers of all outcomes?
person and situation factors
Which of the following is an example of a person factor?
preference to work independently
Core self-evaluations represent a broad personality trait comprised of all of the following except
proactivity.
When there is a difference between a goal and the actual outcome, this is known as a(n)
problem.
To demonstrate credibility through performance, a manager should be able to:
provide constructive feedback develop and lead productive teams apply different motivational tools
The positive outcomes of job ____________ include motivation and job involvement.
satisfaction
Value attainment relates positively to job
satisfaction
Organizations can promote desired behaviors and not CWB's by:
screening for CWBs during the hiring process defining desired behaviors designing jobs that increase satisfaction
Sandra has a new assignment. She is confident that she can successfully complete the task. This is an example of
self-efficacy.
The myriad external elements that influence what we do, how we do it, and the outcomes of our actions are called
situation factors.
Together, social awareness and relationship management constitute
social competence.
Match the flexibility level to its individual difference.
stable over time and difficult to change matches Choice, intelligence intelligence , Choice, mental abilities mental abilities flexible and altered more easily matches Choice, attitudes attitudes , Choice, emotions emotions
John hasn't started working on his term paper. He wants to do well in the course, but he's struggling with how to identify a solid topic and start an outline. Most of the other students appear to be moving ahead. John is procrastinating because he is
stressed.
In organizational behavior, knowing when to apply OB knowledge and tools to a particular circumstance is an important part of:
the contingency approach
Knowledge and consideration of both personal and situation factors and the interplay between the two are equally important.
true
Personal attitudes affect behavior via intentions.
true
The "organizing framework" for understanding and applying OB is based on the systems approach.
true
_______ is reflected in this statement: "I feel I am a person of worth, as good as other people."
High self-esteem
________ are the key links between ________ in Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior.
Intentions; attitudes and planned behavior
Which of the following are true of personality?
It combines characteristics that give people unique identities. It is stable across situations. It results from the interaction of genes and the environment.
Which of the following statements is true?
Motivated blindness occurs when we overlook the unethical behavior of another because it's in our interest to remain ignorant.
________ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.
Organizational commitment
________ is your general belief about your own self-worth.
Self-esteem
Which of the following are thing managers should do to deal with unethical behavior in the workplace?
Set clear expectations for when employees are confronted with unethical behavior. Determine likely causes of unethical behavior in managers and employees.
Which of the following best describes situation and person factors?
They are dynamic.
Deciding whether behaviors are good or bad, right or wrong, is a concern in the field of:
ethics
Organizations should use selection based on attitudes and emotions to choose which employees to hire.
false
Southwest Airlines mechanics created widespread slowdowns in flights to pressure their company in negotiations with their union. This was illegal.
false
The components of engagement are urgency, being focused, intensity, and job satisfaction.
false
There is only one model of the causes of job satisfaction.
false
Barbara wants to become a partner in her Atlanta law firm. She knows that if she bills the most revenue, it will help her get her partnership. This ________ can lead to unethical behavior.
ill-conceived goal
An organization that has high levels of aggregate job satisfaction could expect to experience which of the following?
improved accounting/financial performance
Eva quit her job because she felt it was boring. This would be diagnosed as a(n) ________ level problem.
individual
In ________, the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction is significantly stronger.
individualistic rather than collectivist cultures
Carlos works at Tyner Construction Company as an assistant project manager. His manager assured him that if his projects came in on time and under budget, he would be promoted within a year. At nine months, Carlo is promoted to project manager. This is an example of
met expectations.
Letitia reports to work at Apex Inc. This is her first day. Human resources tells Letitia to report to a conference room so that she can review the company's mission statement and policies, go over her job description, and learn about the technology systems in use. This type of experience is an ________ program.
onboarding
An interdisciplinary field focused on understanding and managing people at work is _____.
organizational behavior
Select all the benefits of perceived organizational support.
organizational commitment organizational citizenship job satisfaction employee engagement
When a work environment generally matches an employee's values, the which of the following are at their greatest?
positive employee attitudes employee motivation
A(n) ________ is someone who is relatively unconstrained by situational forces and who effects environmental change.
proactive person
Aaron hires a new employee who best meets the characteristics he is looking for in the ideal employee. He is ________ the problem.
solving
Rebecca has discovered that she is very good at creating 3D objects and has decided to change her major to engineering product design. She has ________ intelligence.
spatial
The best way to increase self-awareness is through:
taking self-assessments
Which of the following is not one of the top four skills desired by employers?
teamwork
True or false: Intelligence and mental abilities are related to performance.
true
The relationship between job satisfaction and organizational financial performance is ______ the relationship between job satisfaction and individual productivity.
weaker than
Mack works for a small biotech firm. When the firm presents the results of its clinical trials to the FDA, Mack realizes that the results are not accurate. He reports this to the FDA. Mack is a(n)
whistle-blower.
Which of the following are important to consider when selecting alternative solutions?
who will be supporters necessary resources who will be resisters
When defining a problem, what should you do immediately after you determine your desired outcome or state?
Compare the desired state or outcome to your current situation.
With a high level of organizational commitment, employees will have greater ________ outcomes toward pursuing organizational goals and decisions.
motivation
Core self-evaluations (CSEs) are related to reduced conflict and lower stress.
true
Kim lives and works in a small town, even though she prefers life in a bigger city. She is quite dissatisfied with her current job and is thinking of leaving the organization. She is worried, however, about her ability to find other employment that pays as well as her current job. Additionally, she is concerned about finding another organization that offers college tuition reimbursement. Based on this information, Kim is experiencing
withdrawal cognitions.
High levels of job satisfaction lead to lower levels of which behavioral outcomes?
counterproductive work behavior turnover
When major league baseball officials failed to notice they had created conditions that encouraged players to use steroids, this was an example of "motivated blindness."
true
Sigrid is trying to determine why so many people in her department are transferring to a different department. Which of the following questions would Sigrid ask if she were focusing on person factors to determine the source of the problem?
Do the departing coworkers have a preference for working collaboratively versus independently?
Which statement best describes the results of research on the effectiveness of brain training games?
The evidence is inconclusive, but it suggests that the games are not effective.
Which question is most important to ask during Step 2 of the 3-Step Approach to problem solving?
Why or how does this cause a problem?
In order to improve intelligence through brain training, experts recommend the training to have these three characteristics:
adaptive, variety, and generalizability.
Dependence on hindsight, lack of rigor, and being overly subjective are all elements of:
common sense
Which of the following are among the most sought-after skills for graduates according to the World Economic Forum?
creativity critical thinking problem solving
Select the areas of OB that have been shown to have a powerful influence on ethical conduct at work.
decision making organizational culture leader behavior
Kevin expresses concern about Margarite, an intern scheduled to work on his team for three weeks. Julio, Kevin's manager, quickly decides to move Margarite to another team. Which key problem-solving step has Julio skipped?
define the problem
When there are two choices in a situation, and neither resolves the issue in an ethically acceptable manner, a(n) ______ exists.
ethical dilemma
In the systems approach to OB, person and situation factors are considered_____________________________while the three levels of analysis are categorized as processes or__________________
inputs outputs
Behavior is a function of interdependent person and situation factors.
job aspirations career
Individual-level work outcomes include all except The ones are are included : job performance. job satisfaction. turnover. CWBs.
job attitude.
Vivek and Warren are working on an assignment for their marketing class. Warren finishes his part of the assignment; Vivek doesn't. Vivek apologizes because he took an extra shift at work and didn't give the assignment the priority it needed. He promises Warren he will stay home tonight and finish his work. What personality characteristic does this show?
locus of control
Intelligence is more practically thought of as
multiple intelligences.
Alexis is involved in a marketing project in which she is passionate about and wants to devote all her billable hours to the project instead of to some other project with upcoming due dates. She thinks about the project even when she is away from work. Alexis exhibits all of the following qualities except
pessimism.
Gabriella, a manager, hires the first person she interviews because she believes that person can do the job adequately. Gabriella is ________ the problem.
resolving
OB uses both a systematic and _____ approach to understanding people.
science-based
Skills dealing with human relationships and interactions are referred to as ______ skills.
soft
Which theory of organizational behavior suggests that people are not inherently better than others but may perform better in a given job or situation due to the combination of person and situation factors involved?
the interactional perspective
In an ethical dilemma,
there are two choices, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner.
Based on Schwartz's Value Theory, if you value achievement over universalism, you will spend your evening working hard on your term paper so that you can get a good grade, rather than volunteering at the soup kitchen.
true
Johan believes that saving the earth is our most important responsibility. He will be strongly committed to an employer who issues hybrid cars to all sales people, emphasizes recycling, and supports volunteerism to clean up the local river.
true
The combination of stable physical, behavioral, and mental characteristics that give individuals their unique identities is known as personality.
true
Treating employees fairly, avoiding political behavior, providing job security, empowering employees, and reducing stressors in the work environment are all ways to foster Perceived Organizational Support.
true
According to anonymous surveys, what percentage of high school students admitted to cheating on tests?
51%
Which of the following statements about OB is true?
It goes beyond common sense.
Select the two items that apply to a contingency approach to management.
The most effective solution is based on the situation. You cannot rely on one best way.
The president of American Systems announces that all employees will be going on a trip to San Francisco. Some employees like the idea and some don't. According to the ________ component of attitudes, these evaluations reflect the feelings of the employees.
affective
According to proponents of a contingency approach to management, in order to be effective as a manager, you need to
consider the situation before making a decision.
In some cases, coworkers or friends remain satisfied in situations where others always seem dissatisfied. This is a reflection of the ________ model.
dispositional/genetic
Unethical behavior erodes trust, but has no effect on cooperation in organizations.
false
When hiring people, the best thing a manager can do is to find someone like himself or herself and make sure the person "fits" into his or her stereotype of a good worker.
false
"Different people may perceive similar situations in different ways and similar people may perceive different situations in the same way." This represents the ________ perspective.
interactional
Which of the following are common criteria used when hiring new college graduates for their first job?
internship or other work experience college major GPA
In Schwartz's circular-motivation structure, individuals are least likely to hold two values that are
on opposing sides of the circle.
A person seeking to understand and manage people at work is likely to study which is an interdisciplinary field.
organizational, behavior
Dev argues that 9 AM is a bad time to sign up for a small discussion group because he will be too tired from the previous night's activities. He prefers to sign up for a large lecture class at that time. José disagrees, noting that this small discussion group is something they both wanted to do and will require their attention, while they may not focus in the lecture class. Dev says that this is not a commonsense approach. What weakness does Dev exhibit?
over-reliance on hindsight
The idea that good treatment inspires good work is the basic premise of
perceived organizational support.
For most jobs, candidates are selected for their ______ skills.
technical
People with moderate emotional stability ________ than people with low emotional stability.
tend to perform more OCBs
It is believed that awareness of multiple intelligences should play an important role in
training performance employee selection
Brad asked Elvira for general advice on homework. Then he asked her to let him see specific problems. Now he wants to copy her assignment, claiming he has no time and the content is too difficult. This is an example of Multiple
the slippery slope.
The head of ABC Company announces that the company is going to start a weekend project teaching self-defense techniques to underprivileged kids in the neighborhood. Thomas decides to register for the project, as he is a trained kickboxer. This action of Thomas reflects the ________ component of his attitude.
behavioral
Reward systems, decision making, leader behavior, and organizational culture are all affected by ______ conduct.
ethical
Which of the following is not a key workplace attitude that managers should track?
turnover
Genevieve is a very religious person who does volunteer work for her church on weekends. When it came to selecting who would chair the United Fund drive for the department, her manager immediately thought of her and asked her to serve. The manager's action reflects the ________ model of job satisfaction.
value attainment
According to research, which area are job applicants most likely to lie about?
work history
Match the type of intelligence to the description.
Linguistic matches Choice, learn and use spoken and written languages learn and use spoken and written languages Logical matches Choice, deductive reasoning, problem analysis deductive reasoning, problem analysis Musical matches Choice, appreciate, compose and perform music appreciate, compose and perform music Bodily matches Choice, using one's mind and body to coordinate physical movement using one's mind and body to coordinate physical movement Spacial matches Choice, can recognize and use patterns can recognize and use patterns Interpersonal matches Choice, understand, connect and work with others understand, connect and work with others Intrapersonal matches Choice, understand and regulate oneself understand and regulate oneself Naturalistic matches Choice, live in harmony with the environment live in harmony with the environment
Trevor is an overachiever. His brother calls him ambitious and power hungry. Trevor exemplifies the ________ dimension.
Trevor is an overachiever. His brother calls him ambitious and power hungry. Trevor exemplifies the ________ dimension.
Marisa is the office manager in a small company. Her employees find that they can often come late to work and leave early, and Marisa will cover their work for them. Marisa is likely to score
high on agreeableness.
