microbiology ch
Which describes the initial infection with genital herpes?
It is extremely variable.
Drugs used to treat genital herpes can be effective at doing which of the following?
Preventing recurrences Prevention of transmission Shortening the symptoms
Although penicillin is now the drug of choice, which of the following were historically used to treat syphilis?
Salvarsan treatment Mercury applications
Which of the following represent stages of syphilis infection in an adult?
Secondary Tertiary Primary
diseases are those in which the infectious agent causes an increase in fluid excreted from male and female reproductive tracts.
discharge
Chronic herpesvirus infection can lead to the spread of virus via nerves to the brain causing
encephalitis
Babies born to mothers with gonorrhea can experience infections of the
eyes respiratory
The organism Neisseria gonorrhoeae is also known as the
gonococcus
Untreated syphilis is marked by three distinct clinical stages designated in order as primary, secondary, and tertiary with
latent
disease is the inflammation of the upper reproductive tract structures.
pelvic inflammatory
stage of syphilis is characterized by the appearance of a chancre at the site of pathogen entry.
primary
is a blood fluke infection that manifests in the liver, spleen or urinary system.
schistosomiasis
Syphilis is commonly transmitted through
sexual vertical
The acronym "UTI" means
urinary tract infection
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection that is spread by contact with the _____ of animals.
urine
The microbiota of the urethra in male shifts when which of the following occurs?
Sexual activity begins
Discharge diseases, ulcer diseases, and wart diseases are all examples of which of the following?
Sexually transmitted infections
The buildup of scar tissue from PID can block the fallopian tubes causing which of the following?
Sterility Ectopic pregnancies
True or false: The current drugs used for HSV infection are effective in reducing transmission and lessening the severity of a recurrence, but they are not curative.
T
True or false: The initial genital herpes infection is extremely variable in its presentation.
T
The term 'gonococcus' refers to which of the following?
The agent that causes gonorrhea
The microbial makeup of the vagina shifts during which event?
The menstrual cycle Pregnancy
Herpes-infected mucosal cells display notable characteristics in
pap
The primary lesion, chancre, seen in syphilis infections generally appears after an incubation period of what length?
9 days to 3 months
It appears that infection with HSV-1 may increase some individual's risk of developing which disease over time?
Alzheimer's disease
What type of antibodies are produced by the body in response to Treponema infection?
Antibodies to treponemal antigens
During the primary stage of syphilis, what is the main sign/symptom?
Appearance of chancre
Which of the following are not complications of vaginosis?
Autoimmune disease Increased acidity of vagina Increased fetal growth
Ten to forty percent of women in the U.S. are colonized asymptomatically by a group
B
Which genital ulcer disease is caused by Haemophilus, a pleomorphic gram-negative rod bacterium?
Chancroid
Which of the following are considered genital ulcer diseases?
Chancroid Genital herpes Syphilis
is an inflammation of the prostate gland.
Prostatitis
The urinary system has which of the following roles in the body?
Removes unwanted substances from the blood Helps regulate processes in the body Transports wastes out of the body
Which body system involves the vertical passage of genes from parent to offspring?
Reproductive
Prostatitis occurs in which group of people?
Men
The causative agent for syphilis is
Treponema
What type of organism is Treponema pallidum?
Bacterium
Which of the following are three categories of STIs?
Discharge diseases Wart diseases Ulcer diseases
Neonatal gonorrhea infections can affect which anatomical structures?
Eyes Respiratory tract
True or false: Similar to males, gonorrhea infection is limited to the most external structure of the reproductive tract in females.
F
True or false: Urinary tract infections are kept to a minimum because urine does not provide the important compounds for microbial growth.
F
Schistosomiasis is a urinary tract infection caused by which of the following?
Fluke
Which type of streptococcal colonization is an important consideration in late term pregnancy?
Group B strep
Which of the following STIs result in wart-like growths?
HPV infection Molluscum contagiosum
What aspect of urine makes it a good defense for the urinary tract?
Its flushing action
Syphilis is generally non-transmissible during which of the following stages?
Late latency Tertiary
Which tests can easily be used to detect syphilis infection?
PCR Dark-field microscopy Antibody tests
Which of the following are often used to diagnose genital herpes infections?
PCR tests Lesion appearance Antibody detection
Which of the following are possible complications of vaginosis?
Pelvic inflammatory disease Ectopic pregnancies Infertility Low birth weight babies
Which of the following are possible complications of gonorrhea in females?
Pelvic inflammatory disease Infertility Infection of fallopian tubes Disseminated disease
Which drug is currently used to treat syphilis infection?
Penicillin
Syphilis is transmissible in which of the following stages, when the spirochete is present in blood.
Primary Secondary
Which describes the normal microbiota of the kidney, ureters, bladder, and upper urethra?
They are not culturable by current methods.
Which describes the kidney, ureters, bladder, and upper urethra?
They contain microbes that are not culturable.
What are discharge diseases?
Those that cause an increase in excreted fluid from the reproductive tracts
Syphilis is most commonly transmitted by which two of the following?
Through sex To the fetus in utero
is a protozoan that can cause vaginitis.
Trichomonas
Genital herpes, syphilis and chancroid are what general type of genital disease?
Ulcer
Organisms like Lactobacillus and Streptococcus can be found in which of the following of most healthy men?
Urethra
HPV infection and molluscum contagiosum are both what type of diseases?
Wart diseases
Which type of infection is leptospirosis?
Zoonotic
The most common cause of vaginitis is the organism
candida albicans
is the primary sore of syphilis that forms at the site of penetration by Treponema pallidum.
chancre
is a localized genital ulcer disease caused by a pleomorphic bacterium.
chancroid
is highly variable throughout childbearing years, and can vary with the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy.
vagina