Milady- Chapter 5: Infection Control

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Identify 3 ways in which cocci are transmitted

-Air -Dust -Within the substance in which they settle pg 77

What are two advantages of the disinfectant Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP)?

-Only needs to be changed every 14 days -Non-toxic to the skin and environment pg 87

A disease that breaks down the body's immune system is know as _________________ and is caused by _________________________

AIDS; HIV pg 84

What type of immunity is immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation, or through exposure to natural allergens?

Acquired immunity pg 84

The two distinct phases of the life cycle of bacteria are the _________________ stage and the ______________ (or spore-forming) stage

Active; Inactive pg 79

A _____________________ is a reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances

Allergy pg 86

A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is known as a(n)_______________________.

Allergy pg 86

__________________ are chemical germicides formulated for use on skin and are registered and regulated by the FDA

Antiseptics pg 93

_______________________ generally contain a high volume of alcohol, and these products are intended to reduce the numbers of microbes and slow growth on the skin.

Antiseptics pg 93

Before a manufacturer can sell a product for disinfecting tools, implements, or equipment, it must obtain a(n) ____________________________ number that certifies that the disinfectant may be used in the manner prescribed by the manufacturer's label.

EPA-registration pg 74

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens is called _____________________

Infection pg 75

_______________________ is the body's reaction to injury, irritation, or infection

Inflammation pg 79

An abscess is an example of which type of infection?

Local infection pg 79

What type of immunity is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living?

Natural immunity pg 84

_______________________ bacteria are harmless organisms that may perform useful functions.

Non-pathogenic pg 76

An item that is made of material with no pores or openings and that cannot absorb liquids is considered ______________________

Non-porous pg 74

A _______________________ organism is one that is harmful to the human body

Pathogenic pg 76

Bacteria generally consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called ________________________

Protoplasm pg 78

Products made of quaternary ammonium cations, and are designed for disingection on non-porous surfaces, are also known as ________________________

Quats pg 88

Where should you look to locate the names of hazardous ingredients used in a chemical salon product? a) The manufacturer's invoice b) The product's SDS c) The salon's employee handbook d) The EPA's website

b) The product's SDS pg 72

By law, a disinfectant product must be: a) Used in the manner prescribed on its manufacturer's label b) Approved for each specific use c) Registered with the EPA d) All of these answers are correct

d) All of these answers are correct pg 74

This bacteria can cause tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diptheria a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla

d) Bacilli pg 77

According to state rules, how often should tools and equipment be cleaned and disinfected?\ a) Once a week b) Daily c) Only when contaminated d) Before and After each use

d) Before and after each use pg 90

The removal of blood and all other potentially infectious materials on an items surface, and the removal of visible debris or residue, is known as _______________________ a) Cleaning b) Disinfecting c) Sterilization d) Decontamination

d) Decontamination pg 85

When is the only time that it is appropriate for a cosmetologist to remove a callous by cutting the skin on a client's foot? a) Upon the client's request b) As a routine part of a pedicure service c) Only if the callous is causing the client discomfort d) None of these answers are correct

d) None of these answers are correct pg 82

A condition caused by the infestation of head lice is called: a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis

d) Pediculosis Capitis pg 84

Disinfectants are used to destroy all BUT which of the following? a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Viruses d) Spores

d) Spores pg 73

______________ are a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses

d) Viruses pg 80

What type of conditions do bacteria require to multiply? a) Cool and dark b) Warm and clean c) Dark and dry d) Warm and damp

d) Warm and damp pg 78

This bacteria can cause abscesses, pustules, and boils a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla

a) Streptococci pg 77

A state agency can issue penalties against both the salon owner and the cosmetologist's license a) True b) False

a) True pg 74

It is possible for someone to have a staph infection without knowing it a) True b) False

a) True pg 79

Staph bacteria can be picked up on doorknobs, countertops, and other surfaces a) True b) False

a) True pg 79

A virus can replicate only by taking over the host cell's reproductive function a) True b) False

a) True pg 80

A sanitizer is a cleaner, and does not work as a disinfectant a) True b) False

a) True pg 91

Medical studies suggest that antibacterial and antimicrobial soaps are no more effective than regular soaps or detergents a) True b) False

a) True pg 93

Bacteria and viruses produce ____________________

Toxins pg 83

___________________ are short, rod shaped bacteria

Bacilli pg 77

The protective coating that bacteria can produce that protect them in harsh environments when they are inactive, is know as a __________________

Bacterial Spore pg 79

Why are liquid hand soaps preferred over bar soaps in the salon?

Bar soaps grow bacteria pg 93

Tinea Barbae is the most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services, and is commonly known as what?

Barber's Itch pg 83

The division of a bacteria cell is called _________________________. The cells that are formed are called __________________________.

Binary fission; Daughter cells pg 78

Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried through the body in the blood or bodily fluids are called _________________

Bloodborne pathogens pg 82

Define: Disinfectant

Chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces pg 73

To _____________ means to remove all visible debris, dirt and many disease-causing germs by scrubbing using soap and water

Clean pg 76

________________ are round shaped bacteria that appear alone or in groups

Cocci pg 77

_________________ are spherical bacteria that grow in pairs

Diplococci pg 77

The process of _________________ destroys many, but not all microorganisms on non-porous surfaces.

Disinfection pg 76

A disease that spreads from one person to another by contact is said to be ________________________

Communicable/ Contagious pg 80

A local infection is one that is ____________________ to a particular part of the body

Confined pg 79

The amount of time that a disinfectant needs to be in contact with the surface of an item for it to be disinfected properly is called _______________________

Contact Time pg 86

A(n) _________________________ is contact with non-intact skin, blood, body fluid, and/or other potentially infectious materials during the performance of an employee's duties

Exposure Incident pg 95

A fungal nail infection is more common on the _____________ than the _______________.

Feet; Hands pg 83

__________________ is both inherited and developed through healthy living a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity

Immunity pg 84

_____________________ are spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria

Spirilla pg 77

________________ are pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes

Staphylococci pg 77

__________________ are pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads

Streptococci pg 77

_______________ is a ringworm fungus of the foot

Tinea Pedis pg 83

When you scrub something with soap and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs, it is called: a) Cleaning b) Disinfecting c) Sterilizing d) Sanitizing

a) Cleaning pg 76

______________ are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews and yeasts. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses

a) Fungi pg 83

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens is known as a) Infection b) HIV c) HPV d) Allergy

a) Infection pg 75

Indirect transmission occurs when there is transmission of blood or body fluids through which type of contaminated object? a) Intermediate b) Occupational c) Local d)Fungal

a) Intermediate pg 78

If a disinfectant has the word "concentrate" on the label, what does it mean? a) It needs to be mixed with water before using b) It is ready to use right out of the container c) It is less potent than other types of disinfectants

a) It needs to be mixed with water before using pg 86

OSHA stands for a) Occupational Safety Health Act b) Occupational Salon Hazards Act c) Organized Safety Health Act d) Ontario Safety Health Act

a) Occupational Safety Health Act pg 71

What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard (HSC)? a) Require that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products b) Create the SDSs for all chemical products c) Create laws for health and safety in the salon d) Determine scope of practice and establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules

a) Require that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products. pg 71

Which of the following is a sign of HPV? a) Small black dots on the bottom of the foot b) Redness and swelling around a healing wound c) Yellowing of the eyes d) Yellowing of the toenails

a) Small back dots on the bottom of the foot pg 82

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores is known as ________________________ a) Sterilization b) Sanitization c) Disinfection d) Decontamination

a) Sterilization pg 84

Quat solutions usually disinfect surfaces and implements in _________ minutes. a) 5 minutes b) 10 minutes c) 15 minutes d) 20 minutes

b) 10 minutes pg 88

How long should the process of washing your hands take? a) 30 seconds b) 60 seconds c) 90 seconds d) 3 minutes

b) 60 seconds pg 104

_________________ is the ability to overcome diseases through inoculation or exposure to allergens like pollen a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity

b) Acquired Immunity pg 84

__________________ are agents formulated for use on the skin a) Disinfectants b) Antiseptics c) Decontamination wipes d) Quats

b) Antiseptics pg 93

Standard Precautions are guidelines publish by ______________ that require employers and employee to assume that all human blood, and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens a) OSHA b) CDC c) EPA d) U.S. Department of Labor

b) CDC pg 93

______________________ is the determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests a) Guesstimating b) Diagnosing c) Analyzing d) Researching

b) Diagnosing pg 81

State agencies set guidelines for the manufacturing, sale, and use of equipment and chemical ingredients a) True b) False

b) False pg 71

When disinfecting your equipment, you should always choose a tuberculocidal disinfectant a) True b) False

b) False pg 74

Laws are more specific than rules and regulations a) True b) False

b) False pg 75

Ultraviolet (UV) light units are effective for sterilizing implements a) True b) False

b) False pg 90

Staphylococci: a) Are not pus-forming b) Grow in clusters like bunches of grapes c) Cause Strep Throat and blood poisoning d) Cause Tetanus and Typhoid Fever

b) Grow in clusters like bunches of grapes pg 77

Which type of Hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a surface? a) Hepatitis A b) Hepatitis B c) Hepatitis C d) Hepatitis D

b) Hepatitis B pg 82

What are two types of disinfectants used in salons? a) Hospital disinfectants and autoclaves b) Hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal disinfectants c) Tuberculocidal disinfectants and phenolic disinfectants d) Bleach and Hospital disinfectants

b) Hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal disinfectants pg 74

State agencies rules are enforced through _______________ and investigations of consumer complaints a) Log Books b) Inspections c) Having a state representative present at the salon at all times d) a & c only

b) Inspections pg 74

Who is mostly affected by Tinea Barbae? a) Hairstylists who accidentally cut themselves during a service b) Older adolescent and adult males c) Elderly women who come in for services d) All of the above

b) Older adolescent and adult males pg 83

How often should you leave disinfectant in the basin of a Whirlpool, air-jet, or pipeless foot spa overnight? a) Daily b) Once a week c) Only when an exposure incident occurs d) Never

b) Once a week pg 102

__________________ are organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as a host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses

b) Parasites pg 84

Lice and mites cause what type of disease? a) Pathogenic b) Parasitic c) Systemic d) Viral

b) Parasitic pg 84

This bacteria can cause strep throat and blood poisoning a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla

b) Streptococci pg 77

If someone is asymptomatic, it means a) They are immune to viruses that have received vaccines for b) They show no symptoms or signs of infection c) Their symptoms for infection are often much worse than symptomatic people d) None of the answers above

b) They show no symptoms or signs of an infection pg 93

Nail services may may cause which of the following infections if proper cleaning and disinfection procedures are not followed? a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis

b) Tinea Pedis pg 83

OSHA is part of the a) CDC b) U.S. Department of Labor c) EPA d) None of the above

b) U.S. Department of Labor pg 71

To disinfect Whirlpool, air-jet, and pipeless foot spas, how long should you circulate the disinfectant in the basin? a) 60 seconds b) 5 minutes c) 10 minutes d) 30 minutes

c) 10 minutes pg 100

________________ are one-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses

c) Bacteria pg 76

Colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental surfaces is known as ____________________________ a) Pathogenic bacteria b) Bacilli c) Biofilms d) Surface bacteria

c) Biofilms pg 80

Two disinfectants that are not safe for salons are _________________ and __________________. a) Hospital disinfectants; Tuberculocidal disinfectants b) Quats; AHP ( Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide) c) Bleach; Phenolic disinfectants d) Hospital disinfectants; Bleach

c) Bleach; Phenolic disinfectants pg 88

___________________ laws require that manufacturers supply an SDS for all products sold a) Federal b) State c) Both a & b are correct d) Neither a nor b are correct

c) Both a & b are correct pg 72

What level of legislature writes laws to determine the scope of practice? a) Federal b) State c) Both a & b are correct d) Neither a nor b are correct

c) Both a & b are correct pg 75

A cosmetologist who is unsure about which disinfectant to use should: a) Choose the one that is most powerful b) Use whatever is handy c) Check state regulations d) Scrub the instrument or surface with soap and water

c) Check state regulations pg 74

This bacteria can cause pneumonia a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla

c) Diplococci pg 77

Which of the following type of bacteria causes pneumonia? a) Bacilli b) Staphylococci c) Diplococci d) Streptococci

c) Diplococci pg 77

Disinfectants must be registered by the ____________ a) FDA b) CDC c) EPA

c) EPA pg 73

Contact with broken skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials as a result of the performance of employee duties is known as a) Infectious disease b) Decontamination c) Exposure incident d) Inflammation

c) Exposure incident pg 95

Antiseptics are registered and regulated by the _____________ a) CDC b) OSHA c) FDA d) EPA

c) FDA pg 93

Is something is caused by, or capable of being transmitted by infection, is it considered ___________________ a) Communicable b) Potential disease c) Infectious d) Non-pathogenic

c) Infectious pg 73

Which of the following does not cause infections in humans? a) Yeast b) Mould c) Mildew d) All of the above

c) Mildew pg 83

___________________ is the body's ability to destroy and resist infection a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity

c) Natural Immunity pg 84

_________________ created the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), which requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess the potential hazards associated with their products a) CDC b) U.S. Department of Labor c) OSHA d) EPA

c) OSHA pg 71

Which type of bacteria causes Lyme Disease? a) Bacilli b) Staphylococci c) Spirilla d) Diploccoci

c) Spirilla pg 77

A fungal infection on the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of hair follicles, is known as what? a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis

c) Tinea Capitis pg 83

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are known as a) Bacteria b) Viruses c) Toxins d) Spores

c) Toxins pg 83

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing is ______________________ a) The flu b) The common cold c) Tuberculosis d) HIV

c) Tuberculosis pg 74

The standards set by OSHA address which of the following issues? a) Handling and mixing of products b) General workplace safety c) Potentially hazardous product ingredients d) All of these answers are correct

d) All of these answers are correct pg 71

Which of the following are state regulatory agencies? a) Licensing agencies b) State boards of cosmetology c) Commissions d) Health departments e) All of the above f) b & d only

e) All of the above pg 74

Four types of potentially harmful organisms that are important in the practice of cosmetology are: a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Viruses d) Parasites e) All of the above

e) All of the above pg 75

Which of the following are a sign of inflammation? a) Redness b) Swelling c) Heat d) Pain e) All of the above

e) All of the above pg 79

This bacteria can cause syphilis, and Lyme disease a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla

e) Spirilla pg 77

Health authorities recommend that service providers in industries that have direct contact with the public, such as cosmetologists, received a vaccination for _____________________ a) The common cold b) Hepatitis B c) Vericella d) Tetanus e) All of the above f) b & c g) a & d

f) b & c pg 80


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