Milady- Chapter 5: Infection Control
Identify 3 ways in which cocci are transmitted
-Air -Dust -Within the substance in which they settle pg 77
What are two advantages of the disinfectant Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP)?
-Only needs to be changed every 14 days -Non-toxic to the skin and environment pg 87
A disease that breaks down the body's immune system is know as _________________ and is caused by _________________________
AIDS; HIV pg 84
What type of immunity is immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation, or through exposure to natural allergens?
Acquired immunity pg 84
The two distinct phases of the life cycle of bacteria are the _________________ stage and the ______________ (or spore-forming) stage
Active; Inactive pg 79
A _____________________ is a reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances
Allergy pg 86
A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is known as a(n)_______________________.
Allergy pg 86
__________________ are chemical germicides formulated for use on skin and are registered and regulated by the FDA
Antiseptics pg 93
_______________________ generally contain a high volume of alcohol, and these products are intended to reduce the numbers of microbes and slow growth on the skin.
Antiseptics pg 93
Before a manufacturer can sell a product for disinfecting tools, implements, or equipment, it must obtain a(n) ____________________________ number that certifies that the disinfectant may be used in the manner prescribed by the manufacturer's label.
EPA-registration pg 74
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens is called _____________________
Infection pg 75
_______________________ is the body's reaction to injury, irritation, or infection
Inflammation pg 79
An abscess is an example of which type of infection?
Local infection pg 79
What type of immunity is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living?
Natural immunity pg 84
_______________________ bacteria are harmless organisms that may perform useful functions.
Non-pathogenic pg 76
An item that is made of material with no pores or openings and that cannot absorb liquids is considered ______________________
Non-porous pg 74
A _______________________ organism is one that is harmful to the human body
Pathogenic pg 76
Bacteria generally consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called ________________________
Protoplasm pg 78
Products made of quaternary ammonium cations, and are designed for disingection on non-porous surfaces, are also known as ________________________
Quats pg 88
Where should you look to locate the names of hazardous ingredients used in a chemical salon product? a) The manufacturer's invoice b) The product's SDS c) The salon's employee handbook d) The EPA's website
b) The product's SDS pg 72
By law, a disinfectant product must be: a) Used in the manner prescribed on its manufacturer's label b) Approved for each specific use c) Registered with the EPA d) All of these answers are correct
d) All of these answers are correct pg 74
This bacteria can cause tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diptheria a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla
d) Bacilli pg 77
According to state rules, how often should tools and equipment be cleaned and disinfected?\ a) Once a week b) Daily c) Only when contaminated d) Before and After each use
d) Before and after each use pg 90
The removal of blood and all other potentially infectious materials on an items surface, and the removal of visible debris or residue, is known as _______________________ a) Cleaning b) Disinfecting c) Sterilization d) Decontamination
d) Decontamination pg 85
When is the only time that it is appropriate for a cosmetologist to remove a callous by cutting the skin on a client's foot? a) Upon the client's request b) As a routine part of a pedicure service c) Only if the callous is causing the client discomfort d) None of these answers are correct
d) None of these answers are correct pg 82
A condition caused by the infestation of head lice is called: a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis
d) Pediculosis Capitis pg 84
Disinfectants are used to destroy all BUT which of the following? a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Viruses d) Spores
d) Spores pg 73
______________ are a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses
d) Viruses pg 80
What type of conditions do bacteria require to multiply? a) Cool and dark b) Warm and clean c) Dark and dry d) Warm and damp
d) Warm and damp pg 78
This bacteria can cause abscesses, pustules, and boils a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla
a) Streptococci pg 77
A state agency can issue penalties against both the salon owner and the cosmetologist's license a) True b) False
a) True pg 74
It is possible for someone to have a staph infection without knowing it a) True b) False
a) True pg 79
Staph bacteria can be picked up on doorknobs, countertops, and other surfaces a) True b) False
a) True pg 79
A virus can replicate only by taking over the host cell's reproductive function a) True b) False
a) True pg 80
A sanitizer is a cleaner, and does not work as a disinfectant a) True b) False
a) True pg 91
Medical studies suggest that antibacterial and antimicrobial soaps are no more effective than regular soaps or detergents a) True b) False
a) True pg 93
Bacteria and viruses produce ____________________
Toxins pg 83
___________________ are short, rod shaped bacteria
Bacilli pg 77
The protective coating that bacteria can produce that protect them in harsh environments when they are inactive, is know as a __________________
Bacterial Spore pg 79
Why are liquid hand soaps preferred over bar soaps in the salon?
Bar soaps grow bacteria pg 93
Tinea Barbae is the most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services, and is commonly known as what?
Barber's Itch pg 83
The division of a bacteria cell is called _________________________. The cells that are formed are called __________________________.
Binary fission; Daughter cells pg 78
Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried through the body in the blood or bodily fluids are called _________________
Bloodborne pathogens pg 82
Define: Disinfectant
Chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces pg 73
To _____________ means to remove all visible debris, dirt and many disease-causing germs by scrubbing using soap and water
Clean pg 76
________________ are round shaped bacteria that appear alone or in groups
Cocci pg 77
_________________ are spherical bacteria that grow in pairs
Diplococci pg 77
The process of _________________ destroys many, but not all microorganisms on non-porous surfaces.
Disinfection pg 76
A disease that spreads from one person to another by contact is said to be ________________________
Communicable/ Contagious pg 80
A local infection is one that is ____________________ to a particular part of the body
Confined pg 79
The amount of time that a disinfectant needs to be in contact with the surface of an item for it to be disinfected properly is called _______________________
Contact Time pg 86
A(n) _________________________ is contact with non-intact skin, blood, body fluid, and/or other potentially infectious materials during the performance of an employee's duties
Exposure Incident pg 95
A fungal nail infection is more common on the _____________ than the _______________.
Feet; Hands pg 83
__________________ is both inherited and developed through healthy living a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity
Immunity pg 84
_____________________ are spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria
Spirilla pg 77
________________ are pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes
Staphylococci pg 77
__________________ are pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads
Streptococci pg 77
_______________ is a ringworm fungus of the foot
Tinea Pedis pg 83
When you scrub something with soap and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs, it is called: a) Cleaning b) Disinfecting c) Sterilizing d) Sanitizing
a) Cleaning pg 76
______________ are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews and yeasts. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses
a) Fungi pg 83
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens is known as a) Infection b) HIV c) HPV d) Allergy
a) Infection pg 75
Indirect transmission occurs when there is transmission of blood or body fluids through which type of contaminated object? a) Intermediate b) Occupational c) Local d)Fungal
a) Intermediate pg 78
If a disinfectant has the word "concentrate" on the label, what does it mean? a) It needs to be mixed with water before using b) It is ready to use right out of the container c) It is less potent than other types of disinfectants
a) It needs to be mixed with water before using pg 86
OSHA stands for a) Occupational Safety Health Act b) Occupational Salon Hazards Act c) Organized Safety Health Act d) Ontario Safety Health Act
a) Occupational Safety Health Act pg 71
What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard (HSC)? a) Require that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products b) Create the SDSs for all chemical products c) Create laws for health and safety in the salon d) Determine scope of practice and establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules
a) Require that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products. pg 71
Which of the following is a sign of HPV? a) Small black dots on the bottom of the foot b) Redness and swelling around a healing wound c) Yellowing of the eyes d) Yellowing of the toenails
a) Small back dots on the bottom of the foot pg 82
The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores is known as ________________________ a) Sterilization b) Sanitization c) Disinfection d) Decontamination
a) Sterilization pg 84
Quat solutions usually disinfect surfaces and implements in _________ minutes. a) 5 minutes b) 10 minutes c) 15 minutes d) 20 minutes
b) 10 minutes pg 88
How long should the process of washing your hands take? a) 30 seconds b) 60 seconds c) 90 seconds d) 3 minutes
b) 60 seconds pg 104
_________________ is the ability to overcome diseases through inoculation or exposure to allergens like pollen a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity
b) Acquired Immunity pg 84
__________________ are agents formulated for use on the skin a) Disinfectants b) Antiseptics c) Decontamination wipes d) Quats
b) Antiseptics pg 93
Standard Precautions are guidelines publish by ______________ that require employers and employee to assume that all human blood, and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens a) OSHA b) CDC c) EPA d) U.S. Department of Labor
b) CDC pg 93
______________________ is the determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests a) Guesstimating b) Diagnosing c) Analyzing d) Researching
b) Diagnosing pg 81
State agencies set guidelines for the manufacturing, sale, and use of equipment and chemical ingredients a) True b) False
b) False pg 71
When disinfecting your equipment, you should always choose a tuberculocidal disinfectant a) True b) False
b) False pg 74
Laws are more specific than rules and regulations a) True b) False
b) False pg 75
Ultraviolet (UV) light units are effective for sterilizing implements a) True b) False
b) False pg 90
Staphylococci: a) Are not pus-forming b) Grow in clusters like bunches of grapes c) Cause Strep Throat and blood poisoning d) Cause Tetanus and Typhoid Fever
b) Grow in clusters like bunches of grapes pg 77
Which type of Hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a surface? a) Hepatitis A b) Hepatitis B c) Hepatitis C d) Hepatitis D
b) Hepatitis B pg 82
What are two types of disinfectants used in salons? a) Hospital disinfectants and autoclaves b) Hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal disinfectants c) Tuberculocidal disinfectants and phenolic disinfectants d) Bleach and Hospital disinfectants
b) Hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal disinfectants pg 74
State agencies rules are enforced through _______________ and investigations of consumer complaints a) Log Books b) Inspections c) Having a state representative present at the salon at all times d) a & c only
b) Inspections pg 74
Who is mostly affected by Tinea Barbae? a) Hairstylists who accidentally cut themselves during a service b) Older adolescent and adult males c) Elderly women who come in for services d) All of the above
b) Older adolescent and adult males pg 83
How often should you leave disinfectant in the basin of a Whirlpool, air-jet, or pipeless foot spa overnight? a) Daily b) Once a week c) Only when an exposure incident occurs d) Never
b) Once a week pg 102
__________________ are organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as a host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses
b) Parasites pg 84
Lice and mites cause what type of disease? a) Pathogenic b) Parasitic c) Systemic d) Viral
b) Parasitic pg 84
This bacteria can cause strep throat and blood poisoning a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla
b) Streptococci pg 77
If someone is asymptomatic, it means a) They are immune to viruses that have received vaccines for b) They show no symptoms or signs of infection c) Their symptoms for infection are often much worse than symptomatic people d) None of the answers above
b) They show no symptoms or signs of an infection pg 93
Nail services may may cause which of the following infections if proper cleaning and disinfection procedures are not followed? a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis
b) Tinea Pedis pg 83
OSHA is part of the a) CDC b) U.S. Department of Labor c) EPA d) None of the above
b) U.S. Department of Labor pg 71
To disinfect Whirlpool, air-jet, and pipeless foot spas, how long should you circulate the disinfectant in the basin? a) 60 seconds b) 5 minutes c) 10 minutes d) 30 minutes
c) 10 minutes pg 100
________________ are one-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics. a) Fungi b) Parasites c) Bacteria d) Viruses
c) Bacteria pg 76
Colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental surfaces is known as ____________________________ a) Pathogenic bacteria b) Bacilli c) Biofilms d) Surface bacteria
c) Biofilms pg 80
Two disinfectants that are not safe for salons are _________________ and __________________. a) Hospital disinfectants; Tuberculocidal disinfectants b) Quats; AHP ( Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide) c) Bleach; Phenolic disinfectants d) Hospital disinfectants; Bleach
c) Bleach; Phenolic disinfectants pg 88
___________________ laws require that manufacturers supply an SDS for all products sold a) Federal b) State c) Both a & b are correct d) Neither a nor b are correct
c) Both a & b are correct pg 72
What level of legislature writes laws to determine the scope of practice? a) Federal b) State c) Both a & b are correct d) Neither a nor b are correct
c) Both a & b are correct pg 75
A cosmetologist who is unsure about which disinfectant to use should: a) Choose the one that is most powerful b) Use whatever is handy c) Check state regulations d) Scrub the instrument or surface with soap and water
c) Check state regulations pg 74
This bacteria can cause pneumonia a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla
c) Diplococci pg 77
Which of the following type of bacteria causes pneumonia? a) Bacilli b) Staphylococci c) Diplococci d) Streptococci
c) Diplococci pg 77
Disinfectants must be registered by the ____________ a) FDA b) CDC c) EPA
c) EPA pg 73
Contact with broken skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials as a result of the performance of employee duties is known as a) Infectious disease b) Decontamination c) Exposure incident d) Inflammation
c) Exposure incident pg 95
Antiseptics are registered and regulated by the _____________ a) CDC b) OSHA c) FDA d) EPA
c) FDA pg 93
Is something is caused by, or capable of being transmitted by infection, is it considered ___________________ a) Communicable b) Potential disease c) Infectious d) Non-pathogenic
c) Infectious pg 73
Which of the following does not cause infections in humans? a) Yeast b) Mould c) Mildew d) All of the above
c) Mildew pg 83
___________________ is the body's ability to destroy and resist infection a) Immunity b) Acquired Immunity c) Natural Immunity
c) Natural Immunity pg 84
_________________ created the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), which requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess the potential hazards associated with their products a) CDC b) U.S. Department of Labor c) OSHA d) EPA
c) OSHA pg 71
Which type of bacteria causes Lyme Disease? a) Bacilli b) Staphylococci c) Spirilla d) Diploccoci
c) Spirilla pg 77
A fungal infection on the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of hair follicles, is known as what? a) Tinea Barbae b) Tinea Pedis c) Tinea Capitis d) Pediculosis Capitis
c) Tinea Capitis pg 83
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are known as a) Bacteria b) Viruses c) Toxins d) Spores
c) Toxins pg 83
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing is ______________________ a) The flu b) The common cold c) Tuberculosis d) HIV
c) Tuberculosis pg 74
The standards set by OSHA address which of the following issues? a) Handling and mixing of products b) General workplace safety c) Potentially hazardous product ingredients d) All of these answers are correct
d) All of these answers are correct pg 71
Which of the following are state regulatory agencies? a) Licensing agencies b) State boards of cosmetology c) Commissions d) Health departments e) All of the above f) b & d only
e) All of the above pg 74
Four types of potentially harmful organisms that are important in the practice of cosmetology are: a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Viruses d) Parasites e) All of the above
e) All of the above pg 75
Which of the following are a sign of inflammation? a) Redness b) Swelling c) Heat d) Pain e) All of the above
e) All of the above pg 79
This bacteria can cause syphilis, and Lyme disease a) Staphylococci b) Streptococci c) Diplococci d) Bacilli e) Spirilla
e) Spirilla pg 77
Health authorities recommend that service providers in industries that have direct contact with the public, such as cosmetologists, received a vaccination for _____________________ a) The common cold b) Hepatitis B c) Vericella d) Tetanus e) All of the above f) b & c g) a & d
f) b & c pg 80
