Mock #1
The jugular notch lies at what level on a sthenic patient? * T2-T3 interspace * C7 * T1 * T4-T5 interspace
T2-T3 interspace
Which three of the following would be an example of acceptable therapeutic communication? (Select three) * "You seem tense. Are you concerned about the injection?" * "Sir, I am going to palpate the posterior aspect of C7." * "From your statement, I believe you are feeling better today. Is that correct?" * "You said that you had some abdomen pain. Was this before or after eating a meal?"
"You seem tense. Are concerned about the injection?" "From your statement, I believe you are feeling better today. Is that correct?" "You said that you had some abdominal pain. Was this before or after eating a meal?"
What is the annual effective dose limit for a radiographer? * 50 millisieverts (mSv) * 150 millisieverts (mSv) * 250 millisieverts (mSv) * 500 millisieverts (mSv)
50 millisieverts (mSv)
Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by: * Outer-shell excitation * Decelerating electrons * K-shell ionizations * L-shell ionizations
Decelerating electrons
As tissue density decreases, photon attenuation will: * Decrease * Increase * Remain the same
Decrease
Compared to the energy of the incident photon, the energy of a Compton scattered photon is: * Increased * Decreased * Equal
Decreased
What effect does increased collimation have on the amount of scatter reaching the image receptor (IR)? * Increased amount of scatter reaching the image receptor * Decreased amount of scatter reaching the image receptor * No effect on the amount of scatter reaching the image receptor
Decreased amount of scatter reaching the image receptor
Which type of medical equipment is used to correct abnormal cardiac rhythms? * Defibrillator * Electrocardiograph * Intravenous transcardiac stimulator * Neuromuscular stimulator
Defibrillator
Rapid neurological assessment is accomplished by using the: * Detailed history and physical form * Glasgow Scale * Sacred seven assessment * Apgar scale
Glasgow Scale
The higher atomic number of the anode material allows for which two of the following? (Select two) * Increased spatial resolution * Greater heat dissipation * Increased photon production * Increased image contrast
Greater heat dissipation Increased photon production
Which of the following three signs/symptoms below that would indicate a patient is going into shock? (Select three) * Increased urination * Pallor * Coughing * Increased heart rate * Diaphoresis
Pallor Increased heart rate Diaphoresis
Which two of the following would warrant the use of a grid? (Select two) * Part being imaged measures more than 10-centimeter * 70 kilovoltage peak (kVp) or less is being used * Radiation exposure to the patient is high * Scatter being produced is high
Part being imaged measures more than 10-centimeter Scatter being produced is high
Inherent filtration refers to filtration that is: * Not aluminum but is added * Found outside of the glass envelope * Found inside of the glass envelope * Part of the x-ray tube design
Part of the x-ray tube design
During fluoroscopy, which of the following will produce the greatest amount of scatter radiation? * Patient * Tube housing * Tabletop * Image intensifier
Patient
An exposure is made using the following technical factors: 300 milliamperes (mA), 0.01 seconds, and 70 kilovoltage peak (kVp). What new exposure time setting would produce the same total milliampere-seconds (mAs) if the mA is changed to 600? * 0.001 seconds * 0.002 seconds * 0.005 seconds * 0.008 seconds
0.005 seconds
What thickness of protective shielding is required in the Bucky slot cover of a fluoroscopic imaging unit? * 0.25 mm lead equivalent * 0.25 mm aluminum equivalent * 0.5 mm lead equivalent * 0.5 mm aluminum equivalent
0.25 mm lead equivalent
1 joule per kilogram (J/kg) is equal to: 1 Gray 1 millisievert 1 Becquerel 1 coulomb per kilogram (C/kg)
1 Gray
Leakage radiation from the x-ray tube is limited to: * 1 milligray/hour at 1 meter * 1 gray/hour at 2 meter * 10 milligray/minute at 1 meter * 10 milligray/hour at 2 meters
1 milligray/hour at 1 meter
The prefix "milli-" stands for: * 1/1000 * 1/100 * 1/10 * 1000
1/1000
In order to demonstrate the interphalangeal joints of the toes, how is the central ray directed for an anteroposterior axial (AP) projection? * 10-15 degrees cephalad * 10-15 caudal * 20-25 degrees cephalad * 30-45 degrees cephalad
10-15 degrees cephalad
A radiograph is initially created with 125 milliampere-seconds (mAs) at a 40-inch source-to-image distance (SID). If the exam is repeated using 36-inch SID, what new mAs should be used to maintain image receptor exposure? * 113 mAs * 101 mAs * 154 mAs * 156 mAs
101 mAs
For mobile or portable fluoroscopic equipment (C-arm), inherent provisions must be made so that the machine cannot be operated at less than: * 6 inches (15 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD) * 12 inches (30 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD) * 15 inches (38 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD) * 24 inches (60 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD)
12 inches (30 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD)
Which of the following would be the appropriate rotation for a right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of the sternum on an average patient? * No rotation * 10-12 degrees * 15-20 degrees * 30 degrees
15-20 degrees
What is the appropriate tube angle for a posteroanterior (PA) oblique projection of the cervical spine? * Perpendicular * 5-10 degrees cephalad * 15-20 degrees cephalad * 15-20 degrees caudad
15-20 degrees caudad
How many pairs of floating ribs are there? * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4
2
Where is the central ray entrance point for an anteroposterior (AP) oblique projection of the lumbar spine? * At the midsagittal plane (MSP) and the level of the iliac crests * At the midsagittal plane (MSP) and the level of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) * 2 inches medial to the elevated anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and 1.5 inches above the iliac crest * 2 inches medial to the dependent anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and 1.5 inches above the iliac crest
2 inches medial to the elevated anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and 1.5 inches above the iliac crest
According to the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), total filtration that is permanently fixed in the useful beam for fluoroscopic equipment that operate higher than 70 kilovoltage peak (kVp) may not be less than: * 1.5 millimeters aluminum equivalent * 2.0 millimeters aluminum equivalent * 2.5 millimeters aluminum equivalent * 3.0 millimeters aluminum equivalent
2.5 millimeters aluminum equivalent
According to National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement (NCRP) guidelines, a medical x-ray tube must include aluminum equivalent filtration equal to a minimum of: * 2.5 mm * 2.0 mm * 3.5 mm * 0.25 mm
2.5 mm
When positioning an axiolateral projection of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) using the Schüller method, what is the degree and direction of central ray angulation? * 25-30 degrees caudad * 10-15 degrees caudad * 15 degrees cephalad * 30 degrees cephalad
25-30 degrees caudad
How many shades of gray can be produced by an 8-bit digital radiography system? * 64 shades of gray * 256 shades of gray * 8 shades of gray * 1,024 shades of gray
256 shades of gray
If all other exposure variables remain constant, which of these object-to-image distances (OID) will produce a radiograph with the highest spatial resolution? * 4-inches * 12-inches * 40-inches * 72-inches
4-inches
The pelvis is composed of how many movable joints? * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5
5
Which number on this diagram represents the superior articular process? * 1 * 3 * 4 * 5
5
Leukemia has a latency period of: * 1 to 2 years * 3 to 4 years * 5 to 7 years * 8 to 9 years
5 to 7 years
One characteristic of the brachycephalic skull is that the petrous ridges form an angle with the midsagittal plane (MSP) of: * 0 degrees * 45 degrees * 54 degrees * 82 degrees
54 degrees
A lateral chest x-ray was performed using 100 kilo voltage peak (kVp) and 6 milliampere-seconds (mAs) and produced an x-ray beam with an intensity of 42 milligray (mGy). Due to the patient's size, the technologist decided to increase the mAs to 12, while leaving all other factors the same. What is the new intensity of the x-ray beam? * 32 mGy * 48 mGy * 84 mGy * 168 mGy
84 mGy
Select the letter that best represents the left hepatic duct: the left thing coming out has an A on it * A * B * C * D
A
A patient with a history of diverticulitis and possible perforation is scheduled for a lower gastrointestinal (LGI) study. What type of contrast media will be required for the examination? * High density barium and air * Thin barium * A water-soluble iodinated agent * Carbon dioxide
A water-soluble iodinated agent
Which three of the following medications are considered analgesics? (Select three) * Acetaminophen * Ibuprofen * Lidocaine * Valium * Diphenhydramine * Aspirin
Acetaminophen Ibuprofen Aspirin
Modesty and personal independence are most important to a child in which stage of development? * Toddler * Preschool age * School age * Adolescence
Adolescence
Fluoroscopic units display the radiation quantity used for the procedure as: * Air kerma * Absorbed dose * Equivalent dose * Effective dose
Air kerma
What type of disease transmission occurs when the host inhales infectious particles that have been stirred up in a dusty room? * Fomites * Inhalation * Airborne * Vector
Airborne
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing to skull anatomy * Anterior clinoid process * Posterior clinoid process * Mastoid process * Sphenoid sinus
Anterior clinoid process
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): arrow pointing to something in the skull in the middle of the nose area * Coronoid process * Anterior nasal spine * Maxilla * Petrous ridge
Anterior nasal spine
where in the hand would it be most common to see two small sesamoid bones? * Base of the fifth metacarpal * Anterior surface of the head of the first metacarpal * Proximal interphalangeal joint of the second digit * Anterior surface of hamate
Anterior surface of the head of the first metacarpal
A patient with ascites would most likely have which of the following type of radiographs? * Lateral skull * Anteroposterior (AP) abdomen * Posteroanterior (PA) chest * Anteroposterior (AP) pelvis
Anteroposterior (AP) abdomen
You receive an order to confirm J-tube placement. What radiographic examination would best show the anatomy of interest? * Anteroposterior (AP) abdomen * Posteroanterior (PA) chest * Lateral chest * Pelvis
Anteroposterior (AP) abdomen
Which projection of the elbow will demonstrate the radioulnar joint completely open? * Anteroposterior (AP) elbow * Anteroposterior (AP) oblique elbow with medial rotation * Anteroposterior (AP) oblique elbow with lateral rotation * Lateral projection of the elbow
Anteroposterior (AP) oblique elbow with lateral rotation
In which of the following positions or projections are the cuboid articulations, sinus tarsi, and tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal best demonstrated? * Lateral foot * Anteroposterior (AP) oblique foot with lateral rotation * Anteroposterior (AP) oblique foot with medial rotation * Anteroposterior (AP) weight-bearing foot
Anteroposterior (AP) oblique foot with medial rotation
Heparin and Coumadin are examples of what type of drug? * Anticoagulants * Antiarrhythmics * Antiemetics * Antianxiety
Anticoagulants
An elderly patient has potentially suffered a stroke and arrives in the emergency department (ED) completely unable to speak and form words. This is a condition called: * Dysphasia * Dysphagia * Aphasia * Aphagia
Aphasia
Which three of the following phrases are accurate in the overall description of the anatomic position? (Select three) * Arms slightly abducted and at the sides * Feet spread wider than shoulder width * Head facing forward * Legs externally rotated 45 degrees * Upright position
Arms slightly abducted and at the sides Feet spread wider than shoulder width Head facing forward Legs externally rotated 45 degrees Upright position
The extreme body habitus that is characterized by a very long and narrow thoracic cavity, low midline stomach, and a low gallbladder is the: * Asthenic * Hyposthenic * Sthenic * Hypersthenic
Asthenic
If a patient is scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal (UGI) and small bowel radiological series, which type of radiographic contrast is contraindicated for the procedure if the patient is suspected of having a perforated ulcer? * Barium * Air * Water soluble iodine * Carbon dioxide
Barium
What is the standard contrast medium used for a modified barium swallow (speech dysfunction study)? * Air * Carbon dioxide * Barium sulfate * Iodine
Barium sulfate
Examples of nonverbal communication include which three of the following? (Select three) * Writing a note * Being silent * Folding your arms across your chest during a conversation * Maintaining eye contact
Being silent Folding your arms across your chest during a conversation Maintaining eye contact
Which of these anatomic structures has high attenuation properties? * Kidneys * Colon * Bone * Bladder
Bone
Identify the structure that is identified by the letter (A): pointing to the middle of the nose on a skull x-ray * Bony nasal septum * Coronoid process * Petrous ridge * Zygomatic bone
Bony nasal septum
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): A is pointing to something in the middle of the nose * Maxillary sinus * Bony nasal septum * Zygomatic bone * Inferior orbital margin
Bony nasal septum
If a radiographer shares a patient's X-ray of a celebrity with a friend not directly involved with that patient's care, the radiographer may be accused of: * Slander * Libel * Defamation of character * Breach of confidentiality
Breach of confidentiality
A small fluid-filled sac that helps to reduce friction near a joint is called a: * Hill-Sach's defect * Cyst * Bursa * Joint effusion
Bursa
Examples of long-term effects of radiation include: (Select all that apply) * Cancer and leukemia * Genetic effects * Cataracts * Sterility * Fibrosis * Organ atrophy
Cancer and leukemia Genetic effects Cataracts Sterility Fibrosis Organ atrophy
Select the term that best describes the ridge or prominence of the most distal cartilage of the distal trachea. * Cricoid * Larynx * Carina * Bronchus
Carina
The side of the x-ray tube with a negative charge is the: * Anode * Cathode * Focusing cup * Rotor
Cathode
A patient in the emergency department is brought to the X-ray room. The requisition requests radiographs of the right ankle, lower leg, and femur. While obtaining the patient's clinical history, the patient states that he injured the left leg. The patient's entire left leg is swollen. What is the best course of action for the technologist? * X-ray the right ankle, lower leg, and femur as the requisition orders * X-ray the right lower leg since that is where the patient's pain is * Check the order with the patient's nurse * Check the order with the emergency room physician
Check the order with the emergency room physician
The main functions of the small intestine are: * Chemical and mechanical digestion and reabsorption of water * Chemical digestion and water absorption * Chemical and mechanical digestion and absorption of nutrients * Absorption of water and mechanical digestion
Chemical and mechanical digestion and absorption of nutrients
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing at collar bone * Acromioclavicular (AC) joint * Sternoclavicular (SC) joint * Clavicle * Acromion
Clavicle
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing to clavicle * Acromioclavicular (AC) joint * Sternoclavicular (SC) joint * Clavicle * Acromion
Clavicle
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): arrow pointing to collar bone * Lesser tubercle * Clavicle * Acromion * Head of humerus
Clavicle
Which organ has mucosal folds that are referred to as haustra? * Stomach * Small intestine * Liver * Colon
Colon
The window width controls image: * Contrast * Resolution * Speed * Brightness
Contrast
The radiograph shown here was positioned in order to demonstrate what anatomy or pathology? (Oblique lumbar spine) * Lumbar spinous processes * Dependent sacroiliac joint * Elevated iliac wing * Dependent lumbar zygapophyseal joints
Dependent lumbar zygapophyseal joints
What is the appropriate breathing instruction for a patient when imaging lower ribs? * Directly following a full expiration * Arrested breathing * Directly following a full inspiration * Shallow breathing
Directly following a full expiration
What term describes the process of removing as many, but not all, infectious organisms as possible? * Autoclaving * Surgical asepsis * Sterilization * Disinfection
Disinfection
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): tippy top bone in pointer finger * Intermediate phalanx * Proximal phalanx * First metacarpal * Distal phalanx
Distal phalanx
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): arrow pointing at top of pinky toe * Intermediate phalanx of fifth digit * Distal phalanx of fifth digit * Shaft of fifth metatarsal * Base of fifth metatarsal
Distal phalanx of fifth digit
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): arrow pointing at distal big toe * Proximal phalanx of first digit * Distal phalanx of first digit * First metatarsal * Second metatarsal
Distal phalanx of first digit
Ingesting barium sulfate and having multiple abdominal radiographs performed at 15- and 30-minute intervals is used to visualize the: (Select two) * Duodenum * Ileocecal valve * Splenic flexure * Pyloric sphincter
Duodenum Ileocecal valve
Which two of the following will be affected by a change in the actual focal spot size? (Select two) * Effective focal spot * Spatial resolution * Image contrast * Image receptor exposure
Effective focal spot Spatial resolution
Which two of the following are controlled by kilovoltage peak (kVp)? (Select two) * Electric potential * Beam quality * Tube current * Electron production
Electric potential Beam quality
Which of the following is produced by a digital image receptor (IR)? * Digital matrix * Electronic signal * Picture element * Detector element
Electronic signal
Identify the structure that is representing by the letter (D): arrow pointing at a rib * Ninth posterior rib * Tenth anterior rib * Eleventh posterior rib * Twelfth anterior rib
Eleventh posterior rib
What is the correct central ray entrance point for the lateral projection of the foot? * At the center of the longitudinal arch * At the subtalar joint * Entering the medial cuneiform, and through the base of the third metatarsal * Through the head of the first metatarsal
Entering the medial cuneiform, and through the base of the third metatarsal
Which sinuses are visualized on a properly positioned lateral radiograph? (Select all that apply) * Ethmoid * Frontal * Maxillary * Sphenoid
Ethmoid Frontal Maxillary Sphenoid
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): pointing to the blackened area in the SMV * Mandible * Ethmoid sinus * Odontoid sinus * Maxillary sinus
Ethmoid sinus
identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): B is pointing to a blackened area right in the middle of the skull in a SMV projection * Ethmoid sinus * Frontal sinus * Maxillary sinus * Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (E): arrow pointing to the side of the face * Vertex * Orbital plate * Coronal bone * External auditory meatus (EAM)
External auditory meatus (EAM)
Which three of the following signs/symptoms below that would indicate impending diabetic coma? (Select three) * Extreme thirst * Increased urination * Elevated blood pressure * Sweet/fruity smelling breath
Extreme thirst Increased urination Sweet/fruity smelling breath
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): c is pointing at a pair of ribs * Fourth anterior ribs * Fifth anterior ribs * Seventh posterior rib * Eight posterior rib
Fifth anterior rib
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (D): arrow pointing at a rib * Third anterior rib * Fourth posterior rib * Fifth posterior rib * Fourth anterior rib
Fifth posterior rib
Which four of the following anatomic structures are parts of the fallopian tubes? (Select four) * Cervix * Fimbriae * Isthmus * Ampulla * Infundibulum
Fimbriae Isthmus Ampulla Infundibulum
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): (Anatomy is pointing at the sacrum on a lateral lumbar) * First segment of the sacrum * Second segment of the sacrum * Third segment of the sacrum * Fourth segment of the sacrum
First segment of the sacrum
In the image of a radiographic histogram below, what does the y-axis represent? * Specific exposure values captured by the image receptor * Frequency of specific exposure values captured by the image receptor * Number of line-pairs per millimeter recorded by the image receptor * Range of x-ray energies absorbed by the image receptor
Frequency of specific exposure values captured by the image receptor
Which of the following factors can affect image receptor exposure? (Select all that apply) * Grids * Kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Milliampere-seconds (mAs) * Source-to-image distance (SID)
Grids Kilovoltage peak (kVp) Milliampere-seconds (mAs) Source-to-image distance (SID)
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (N): carpal bone at the end of the S structure that you'd draw on a hand * Capitate * Hamate * Pisiform * Trapezium
Hamate
Which three of the following pathologies would be considered indications for single-contrast upper gastrointestinal (UGI) studies? (Select three) * Gastric ulcer * Hiatal hernia * Pyloric stenosis * Carcinoma * Achalasia
Hiatal hernia Pyloric stenosis Achalasia
The safety features of fluoroscopic equipment include all of the following EXPECT: * High grid ratio * Deadman switch * Bucky slot cover * Cumulative timer
High grid ratio
The effects of acute radiation syndrome can be studied from: (Select all that apply) * Hiroshima survivors * Nagasaki survivors * Patients who have undergone radiation therapy * Nuclear power plant accident evacuees
Hiroshima survivors Nagasaki survivors Patients who have undergone radiation therapy Nuclear power plant accident evacuees
How should the central ray be directed when performing a posteroanterior (PA), Caldwell method of the sinuses with a vertical image receptor? * 10 degrees cephalad * 15 degrees caudad * 20 degrees cephalad * Horizontal
Horizontal
Identify the structure that is identified by the letter (B): Arrow pointing to the iliac crest on a pelvis * Ilium * Sacrum * Superior ramus of the pubis * Acetabulum
Ilium
Which of the following radiographs was produced using the lowest exposure factors? A-fuzzy pic B-Decent pic C-Decent pic D-Very black picture * Image A * Image B * Image C * Image D
Image A
Which of these images was acquired using the largest matrix size? First image is pretty clear, second image is super fuzzy, and third image is mediocre fuzzy * Image A * Image B * Image C * All images were acquired using the same matrix size
Image A
Which of the following images demonstrates the lowest spatial resolution? * Image A * Image B * Image C * All images have similar spatial resolution
Image C
If a radiograph was taken using a 40-inch source-to-image distance (SID) and the image was repeated using an 80-inch SID, what change would be needed to maintain image receptor exposure? * Double the milliampere-seconds (mAs) * Increase the milliampere-seconds (mAs) by four times * Double the kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Increase the kilovoltage peak (kVp) by four times
Increase the milliampere-seconds (mAs) by four times
Rotating anodes are used in x-ray tubes to: * Increase tube heat dissipation * Increase the kinetic energy of the photons * Create a larger focal spot * Reduce the space charge effect
Increase tube heat dissipation
Which of these changes will increase the amount of thermionic emission occurring in the x-ray tube? * Increased milliamperage (mA) * Increased kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Increased source-to-image distance (SID) * Increased focal spot size (FSS)
Increased milliamperage (mA)
Which of these changes are expected to decrease spatial resolution in the radiographic image? * Increased motion * Increased kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Increased milliampere-seconds (mAs) * Increased filtration
Increased motion
Which of the following would best help reduce radiation exposure to the radiographer? * Increasing kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Increasing distance from the x-ray tube * Increasing the focal spot size (FSS) * Providing detailed instructions to the patient
Increasing distance from the x-ray tube
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate use of electronic annotation during digital radiographic imaging? * Indicating laterality (R/L) * Indicating patient position * Indicating time of the exam * Indicating sequencing of the projections
Indicating laterally (R/L)
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): B is on the middle toe bone on the third toe * Intermediate phalanx of the third digit * Intermediate phalanx of the second digit * Distal phalanx of the first digit * Distal phalanx of third digit
Intermediate phalanx of the third digit
Which of the following types of joints would be classified as a plane, gliding joint? * Distal radioulnar joints * Interphalangeal joints * Radiocarpal joints * Intertarsal joints
Intertarsal joints
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): C is pointing to the circular space between the lumbar vertebrae * Vertebral body of L4 * L5-S1 joint space * Spinous process of L2 * Intervertebral foramen of L2-L3
Intervertebral foramen of L2-L3
The following image of the lumbar spine is used to demonstrate the: (Select three) (Its a lateral lumbar image) * Intervertebral foramina * Articular facets * Spinous processes * Intervertebral disc spaces
Intervertebral foramina Spinous processes Intervertebral disc spaces
Which method of drug administration will achieve the highest serum concentrations of medication in the shortest time? * Oral (PO) * Intramuscular (IM) * Subcutaneous (SC) * Intravenous (IV)
Intravenous (IV)
Stress images of the ankle may be ordered to evaluate what pathologic condition? * Inversion/eversion injury * Jones fracture * Lisfranc injury * Osteoarthritis
Inversion/eversion injury
The transformer core is typically composed of: * Copper * Iron * Plastic * Rubber
Iron
An off-focus error occurs when the grid: * Is used at the wrong source-to-image distance (SID) * Shifts due to patient positioning * Is placed upside-down * Is not centered to the radiation beam
Is used at the wrong source-to-image distance (SID)
Identify the structure that is identified by the letter (F): arrow pointing to bottom of pelvis * Ischial tuberosity * Lesser trochanter * Inferior ramus of the pubis * Femoral head
Ischial tuberosity
Which three of the following statements are true of the scapula? (Select three) * It has two surfaces, three angles, and three borders * The superior angle is on the lateral side * The spine of the scapula ends in the acromion process * The coracoid process is on the anterior surface of the bone * The medial border ends superiorly in the glenoid cavity
It has two surfaces, three angles, and three borders The spine of the scapula ends in the acromion process The coracoid process is on the anterior surface of the bone
An abnormally exaggerated posterior convex curve in the thoracic spine is termed: * Scoliosis * Lordosis * Kyphosis * Spondylosis
Kyphosis
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): pointed at some kind of suture * Coronal suture * Lambdoidal suture * Ethmoid sinus * Superior orbital margin
Lambdoidal suture
The patient has fracture of the fifth metacarpal and the radiologist wishes to determine if there is anterior or posterior displacement of the fracture fragments. Which of the following projections would best supply this information? * Anteroposterior (AP) hand * Lateral * Oblique hand * Posteroanterior (PA) hand
Lateral
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (D): arrow is pointing to the big lower bone on an AP knee x-ray (next to the fibula) * Medial condyle * Lateral malleolus * Lateral condyle * Shaft of tibia
Lateral condyle
The radiologist requests an image of the splenic flexure and descending colon following the fluoroscopic portion of a lower gastrointestinal (LGI) study. Which of the following projections would best demonstrate this anatomy? * Right anterior oblique (RAO) abdomen * Left anterior oblique (LAO) abdomen * Posteroanterior (PA) axial abdomen * Lateral abdomen
Left anterior oblique (LAO) abdomen
The Right anterior oblique (RAO) position of the thorax could be used to demonstrate the: * Anterior ribs * Posterior ribs * Left axillary ribs * Right axillary ribs
Left axillary ribs
Which of the following positions will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and c-loop? * Right posterior oblique (RPO) * Left posterior oblique (LPO) * Lateral * Anteroposterior (AP) Trendelenburg
Left posterior oblique (LPO)
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): arrow pointing to something on the humerus x-ray * Lesser tubercle * Greater tubercle * Clavicle * Shaft of humerus
Lesser tubercle
The spatial resolution of a radiography system is expressed in units of: * Line pairs per millimeter (mm) * Milligray (mGy) * Milligray (mGy)-centimeters (cm)^2 * Bits
Line pairs per millimeter (mm)
Which of the following display monitors are particularly effective in brightly lit rooms? * Liquid crystal display (LCD) * Plasma display panel (PDP) * Cathode ray tube (CRT) * Light-emitting diodes (LED)
Liquid crystal display (LCD)
How can paralanguage be used to improve the quality of communication with one's patient? * Make sure to speak distinctly when giving instructions for positioning * Maintain appropriate eye contact during the entire procedure * Repeat the patient's comment to ensure understanding * Use the appropriate terminology when explaining the procedure
Make sure to speak distinctly when giving instructions for positioning
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): pointing to the top of the sternum * Sternal angle * Manubrium * Body of sternum * Xiphoid process
Manubrium
The Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau describes all of the listed cells as being especially sensitive to radiation EXPECT: * Immature cells * Undifferentiated cells * Rapidly dividing cells * Mature cells
Mature cells
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): B is pointing to the "inside" portion of the elbow on the humerus bone * Lateral epicondyle * Trochlea * Medial epicondyle * Capitulum
Medial epicondyle
What anatomically important structure is located in the carpal canal? * Brachial artery * Radial head * Ulnar styloid process * Median nerve
Median nerve
Which technical factor should the technologist use to control image receptor exposure? * Kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Milliampere-seconds (mAs) * Source-to-image distance (SID) * Protective shielding
Milliampere-seconds (mAs)
The innermost layer of the esophagus is the: * Longitudinal muscular layer * Mucosal layer * Fibrous layer * Smooth muscle layer
Mucosal layer
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing to something on the hip * Shaft of femur * Neck of femur * Greater trochanter * Intertrochanteric crest
Neck of femur
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing at something at the elbow * Head of radius * Head of ulna * Neck of radius * Olecranon process
Neck of radius
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (D): Tiny long bone in the wrist on a lateral hand x-ray * Head of the radius * Neck of the ulna * Neck of the radius * Carpals
Neck of the ulna
An underexposed image might produce an image artifact called: (Select two) * Noise * Quantum mottle * Saturation * Ghosting
Noise Quantum mottle
When the patient is properly positioned for a posteroanterior (PA) axial projection of the skull, Caldwell method, what two anatomic structures will be in contact with the image receptor? (Select two) * Nose * Orbits * Chin * Forehead
Nose Forehead
What position is the first digit in when the palm is pronated and resting on the image receptor (IR)? * Posteroanterior (PA) * Anteroposterior (AP) * Oblique * Lateral
Oblique
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (E): arrow pointing at the two holes in the pelvis * Pubic symphysis * Sacrum * Obturator foramen * Femoral head
Obturator foramen
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): pointing to the little mountain structure on the open mouth view for a c-spine * Superior facet of C2 * Central incisor tooth * Inferior facet of C1 * Odontoid process (dens)
Odontoid process (dens)
The line that extends from the external auditory meatus (EAM) to the outer canthus of the orbit is known as the: * Infraorbitomeatal line (IOML) * Acanthiomeatal line (AML) * Orbitomeatal line (OML) * Mentomeatal line (MML)
Orbitomeatal line (OML)
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): lateral diagram of head and its the 2nd section of the pharynx * Nasopharynx * Trachea * Oropharynx * Vocal folds
Oropharynx
What may potentially occur if a diabetic patient has taken his or her normal dose of insulin, but has had nothing by mouth (NPO) since midnight? * Patient can go into diabetic coma * Patient can go into insulin shock * Patient can develop difficulty breathing * Patient can become dehydrated
Patient can go into insulin shock
A technologist found guilty of assault could face which of the following penalties? * Payment of monetary damages * Imprisonment * Probation * Requirement to perform community service
Payment of monetary damages
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): eye of scottie dog * Pedicle * Lamina * Left sacroiliac joint * Inferior articular process
Pedicle
What is represented by the eye of the Scottie dog that is demonstrated on an oblique lumbar spine radiograph? * Transverse process * Superior articular process * Pedicle * Inferior articular process
Pedicle
An anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine would demonstrate the: (Select two) * Pedicles * Intervertebral foramina * Zygapophyseal joints * Articular pillars
Pedicles Intervertebral foramina
What is the proper way to dispose of a used needle? * Place the cap on the needle and throw it in the biohazard container * Place the cap on the needle and place it in the sharps container * Place the uncapped needle in the sharps container * Place the capped needle in the trash can
Place the uncapped needle in the sharps container
All of the following factors influence the tabletop exposure rate during fluoroscopic procedures EXPECT: * Filtration * Kilovoltage peak (kVp) * Target-to-panel distance * Position of the table
Position of the table
Which of the following projections would result in a young female patient receiving a significantly lower dose to her breast tissue during a scoliosis x-ray? * Anteroposterior (AP) * Posteroanterior (PA) * Lateral decubitus * Recumbent
Posteroanterior (PA)
Lethal effects on the embryo/fetus are most likely to occur during what stage of pregnancy? * Preimplantation * Fetal stage * Organogenesis * Second trimester
Preimplantation
The hip bone is formed by the fusion of which three of the following? (Select three) * Pubis * Ilium * Femur * Ischium
Pubis Ilium Ischium
The ability of an x-ray photon to penetrate matter is described as the: * Quality * Intensity * Quantity * Attenuation
Quality
The head of the radius articulates medially with which of the following structures? * Coronoid process * Trochlear notch * Ulnar styloid process * Radial notch of the ulna
Radial notch of the ulna
Who is responsible for reporting radiographic equipment malfunctions that could lead to safety issues? (Select all that apply) * Radiographers * Radiologists * Service engineers * Department managers
Radiographers Radiologists Service engineers Department managers
An antiseptic agent is used to: * Kill microorganism on non-living tissue * Reduce the growth of microorganism on living tissue * Sterilize objects for surgery * Cause microorganism to undergo anaphase
Reduce the growth of microorganism on living tissue
Which anatomic structure of the kidney drains directly into the ureter? * Major calyces * Medulla * Renal pelvis * Cortex
Renal pelvis
Which of the following is a chronic inflammatory disease that is commonly first evident at the metacarpophalangeal joints? * Bursitis * Osteomyelitis * Rheumatoid arthritis * Osteopetrosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following is the correct definition of peristalsis? * The act of chewing * Swallowing * Rhythmic contractile waves which propel material through a tubular organ * The passage of food and fluids through the cardiac sphincter
Rhythmic contractile waves which propel material through a tubular organ
A patient has pain in the left anterior part of the chest. Which of the following positions would demonstrate this area best? * Left anterior oblique (LAO) * Right posterior oblique (RPO) * Right anterior oblique (RAO) erect * Right lateral supine
Right anterior oblique (RAO) erect
In what position should the patient be placed to best demonstrate the right axillary ribs? * Prone * Supine * Right posterior oblique (RPO) * Right anterior oblique (RAO)
Right posterior oblique (RPO)
Which of the following positions would result in the least object-to-image receptor distance (OID) when the right lumbar zygapophyseal joints are the area of interest? * Anteroposterior (AP) * Lateral * Right posterior oblique (RPO) * Right anterior oblique (RAO)
Right posterior oblique (RPO)
Which part of a cassetteless indirect digital radiography (DR) image receptor produces light photons? * Thin-film transistor (TFT) array * Scintillator layer * Photodiode * Charge-coupled device (CCD)
Scintillator layer
Identify the structure is represented by the letter (G): G is on the 2nd bone in the hand * First metacarpal * Second metacarpal * Proximal phalanx of second digit * Distal phalanx of second digit
Second metacarpal
Which of the following conditions is described as an unsystematic discharge of neurons? * Aneurysm * Cerebrovascular accident * Seizure * Transient ischemic attack
Seizure
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): arrow pointing at a rib * Sixth posterior rib * Sixth anterior rib * Seventh anterior rib * Eighth anterior rib
Seventh anterior rib
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): arrow is pointing to the fibula on a lateral knee x-ray * Head of tibia * Tibial plateau * Shaft of fibula * Patella
Shaft of fibula
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (G): arrow pointing to something in the elbow area * Head of the humerus * Olecranon process * Shaft of the radius * Head of the radius
Shaft of the radius
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C): Big long bone on lateral tib/fib x-ray * Shaft of tibia * Shaft of fibula * Neck of fibula * Head of tibia
Shaft of tibia
What is done to reduce the object-to-image distance (OID) between the image receptor (IR) and the carpal bones for a posteroanterior (PA) projection of the wrist? * Lay the hand as flat to the IR as possible * Slightly arch the hand by curling the fingers under the palm * Slightly rotate the wrist into a 10 degree external oblique * Use the ulnar deviation position
Slightly arch the hand by curling the fingers under the palm
What is alternative term for the technique, "enteroclysis"? * Speech dysfunction study * Double-contrast upper gastrointestinal (UGI) study * Small intestine enema * Abbreviated lower gastrointestinal (LGI) study using an iodine contrast agent
Small intestine enema
Focal spot size affects which of the following? * Magnification * Spatial resolution * Image receptor exposure * Image contrast
Spatial resolution
In which bone are the optic foramina located? * Sphenoid bone * Frontal bone * Palatine bone * Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): pointed at the SC joint * Sternoclavicular (SC) joint * Clavicle * Acromion * Acromioclavicular (AC) joint
Sternoclavicular (SC) joint
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (E): side of big long bone on wrist x-ray * Styloid process of the ulna * Head of the ulna * Neck of the radius * Styloid process of the radius
Styloid process of the radius
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (B): B is pointing to the ear on the scottie dog * Pedicle * Vertebral body * Pars interarticularis * Superior articular process
Superior articular process
Identify the structure that is identified by the letter (D): arrow pointing to something on the pelvis * Sacrum * Superior ramus of the pubis * Lesser trochanter * Pubic symphysis
Superior ramus of the pubis
What type of joint is a costotransverse joint? * Slightly movable * Immovable * Synovial gliding * Synovial condyloid
Synovial gliding
The metacarpophalangeal joints are classified as what type of articulations? * Diarthroidal, gliding * Amphiarthroidal, slightly movable * Synovial, ellipsoidal * Synovial, sellar
Synovial, ellipsoidal
Which of the following reflects the correct breathing instructions when performing a supine abdomen procedure? * The exposure is made at the end of expiration * The exposure is made at the end of inhalation * The exposure is made during shallow breathing * There is no need for breathing instructions
The exposure is made at the end of expiration
How is the greater tubercle visualized on a lateral image of the humerus? * The greater tubercle is visualized in profile laterally * The greater tubercle is not seen on the image * The greater tubercle is superimposed over the humeral head * The greater tubercle is superimposed over the lesser tubercle
The greater tubercle is superimposed over the humeral head
Effective dose takes into account which of the following? * Tissues exposed * Total exposure time * Average exposure rate * Individual age
Tissues exposed
Which three of the following conditions must be met in order for patient informed consent to be valid? (Select three) * The patient must sign the form before receiving sedation * One of the patient's family members must be present * The technologist on the case must sign as a witness * The cost of the procedure must be specified * The physician named on the form must perform the procedure * All blanks on the consent form must be filled in prior to the patient signing the form
The patient must sign the form before receiving sedation The physician named on the form must perform the procedure All blanks on the consent form must be filled in prior to the patient signing the form
Informed consent would be valid which of the following two circumstances ? (Select two) * The procedure is explained in a language understood by the patient, by a hospital interpreter * The procedure is performed by a different physician than the one who explained it to the patient * The patient's unit nurse signed as a witness on the informed consent form * The form is signed by the parent of an 18 year old patient
The procedure is explained in a language understood by the patient, by a hospital interpreter The patient's unit nurse signed as a witness on the informed consent form
Patients' rights include which of the following? (Select three) * The right to refuse treatment * The right to confidentiality * The right to one's medical records * The right to decline to pay a medical bill
The right to refuse treatment The right to confidentiality The right to one's medical records
The amount of radiation damage to the exposed individual depends on which of the following? (Select all that apply) * The type of radiation * The size of the area being exposed * The absorbed dose * Oxygen enhancement ratio
The type of radiation The size of the area being exposed The absorbed dose Oxygen enhancement ratio
An individual who is wearing sterile gloves would be considered contaminated if: * Their hands touch the sterile drape * An item was picked up from the sterile tray * Their hands move below the waist * Their hands touch each other
Their hands move below the waist
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (H): Its on the third bone in the hand * First metacarpal * Second metacarpal * Third metacarpal * Fourth metacarpal
Third metacarpal
Why is it generally routine to obtain a right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of the sternum? * This projection is less painful for the patient * This projection places the sternum over the uniform density of the heart * This projection decreases breathing motion * This projection decreases heart motion
This projection places the sternum over the uniform density of the heart
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (E): arrow is pointing toward the line on top of the tibia on a lateral knee x-ray * Intercondylar tubercle * Tibial plateau * Patella * Head of fibula
Tibial plateau
Why might a bone age assessment be ordered on a pediatric patient? (Select three) To diagnose various growth disorders To provide an estimate of final height To look for signs of child abuse To monitor children on growth hormone therapy
To diagnose various growth disorders To provide an estimate of final height To monitor children on growth hormone therapy
What are the main advantages of using a short exposure time when performing routine chest and abdomen radiography? (Select all that apply) * To eliminate peristaltic motion * To eliminate heart motion * To eliminate the potential of unintentional patient movement * To eliminate involuntary motion
To eliminate peristaltic motion To eliminate heart motion To eliminate the potential of unintentional patient movement To eliminate involuntary motion
Why must alternating current (AC) be used in the x-ray circuit? * Transformers cannot work without AC * Electrons cannot flow without AC * X-ray tube must have AC to produce x-rays * AC is the only type of current available
Transformers cannot work without AC
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (A): arrow is pointing on the 5th carpal bone in the wrist with the S shape trick * Trapezoid * Trapezium * Scaphoid * Lunate
Trapezium
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (G): letter on trapezoid carpal bone * Trapezoid * Trapezium * Scaphoid * Triquetrum
Trapezoid
You have an unexpected opening in your schedule and can fit in a patient for a myelogram. The patient and her husband are in the department and she needs the myelogram prior to getting a spinal computer tomography (CT). As you prepare to obtain informed consent from this patient, you find that she does not speak English, although her husband is reasonably fluent. What is the best course of action to pursue? * You know the patient's native language, so you interpret as the physician explains the procedure * You ask the patient's husband to interpret the physician's explanation to the patient * You use your cell phone to find a website that will offer terminology appropriate to the procedure * You call for a hospital interpreter to come to the department and interpret the physician's explanation
You call for a hospital interpreter to come to the department and interpret the physician's explanation