MOd 34

With which of the following statements will people typically agree most quickly? A flamingo is a bird. An ostrich is a bird. A penguin is a bird. A goose is a bird. A robin is a bird.

A robin is a bird.

Producing valuable and novel ideas best defines which of the following? Cognition Creativity Prototyping Venturesome personality Intrinsic motivation

Creativity

The most creative scientists are those who use convergent thinking rather than divergent thinking. demonstrate low levels of practical intelligence. are intrinsically motivated to solve problems. investigate issues about which they have very little previous knowledge. have little tolerance for ambiguity.

are intrinsically motivated to solve problems.

A prototype is a mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people. new, novel item fitting an existing mental category. best example of a particular category. simple thinking strategy for solving problems efficiently. step-by-step procedure for solving problems.

best example of a particular category.

By dividing broad concepts into increasingly smaller and detailed subgroupings, we create overconfidence. category hierarchies. prototypes. fixation. algorithms.

category hierarchies.

To promote cognitive efficiency, concepts are often organized into category hierarchies. critical periods. syntax. neural networks. algorithms.

category hierarchies.

Which of the following best exemplifies the prototype for the concept "furniture"? rug lamp chair bench television

chair

Prototypes are especially important in the process of belief perseverance. trial and error. classifying objects. choosing heuristics. constructing algorithms.

classifying objects.

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating? cognition heuristic syntax language schema

cognition

Professor Pegler's research efforts focus on how the use of heuristics influences the way people assess financial risks. Which specialty area does his research best represent? clinical psychology cognitive psychology biological psychology personality psychology developmental psychology

cognitive psychology

Professor Thompson's research focuses on the impact of prototypes on the speed of object recognition and identification. Which specialty area does this research best represent? developmental psychology biological psychology clinical psychology personality psychology cognitive psychology

cognitive psychology

When we use the term Latino to refer to a category of people, we are using this word as a(n) heuristic. mental set. algorithm. prototype. concept.

concept.

When we use the word "automobile" to refer to a category of transport vehicles, we are using this word as a(n) mental set. algorithm. phoneme. concept. heuristic.

concept.

Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important component of creativity. belief perseverance. the availability heuristic. fixation. insight.

creativity.

The components of creativity include expertise and a venturesome personality. imagination and extrinsic motivation. competitiveness and dogmatism. impulsivity and empathy. competitiveness and empathy.

expertise and a venturesome personality.

Daniel was asked to write down as many words as he could think of that contained the letter d. To complete this task Daniel would rely on convergent thinking. belief perseverance. divergent thinking. framing. the availability heuristic.

divergent thinking.

Generating multiple possible answers to a problem illustrates the availability heuristic belief perseverance. a prototype. divergent thinking. the representativeness heuristic.

divergent thinking.

Your teachers asks how many uses you can think of for a pencil. She is testing your concept. divergent thinking. prototypes. intrinsic motivation. convergent thinking.

divergent thinking.

Which of the following are we likely to recognize first as belonging to the category "mammal"? whales bats aardvarks hamsters humans

humans

After identifying a picture of a face as Asian rather than as Caucasian, Belgian students recalled the face as more closely resembling their ________ of an Asian face. prototype fixation algorithm morpheme heuristic

prototype

When asked to think of a bird, many people think of a robin. In this case a robin is people's _________ for a bird. prototype creative idea concept convergent grouping cognition

prototype

A best example of a category of objects, events, or people is called a(n) heuristic. prototype. algorithm. model. concept.

prototype.

Eva had difficulty recognizing that a sea horse was a fish because it did not closely resemble her fish heuristic. fixation. algorithm. prototype. hierarchy.

prototype.

Most people take less time to identify a cow as a mammal than a mouse as a mammal because a cow more closely resembles their mammal heuristic. hierarchy. confirmation bias. prototype. algorithm.

prototype.

People are likely to take less time to recognize a woman as a nurse than a man as a nurse because a woman more closely resembles their nurse algorithm. heuristic. hierarchy. prototype. fixation.

prototype.

People more easily detect male prejudice against women than female prejudice against men because the former more closely resembles their prejudice fixation. premise. algorithm. heuristic. prototype.

prototype.

When someone mentions Ivy League colleges, Trisha immediately thinks of Harvard University. In this instance, Harvard University is a prototype. algorithm. mental set. fixation. heuristic.

prototype.

When someone mentions hamburgers, Trisha immediately thinks of McDonald's. In this instance, McDonald's is a fixation. phoneme. heuristic. prototype. mental set.

prototype.

Christmas is to holiday as ________ is to ________. prototype; category intuition; belief perseverance availability heuristic; representativeness heuristic algorithm; heuristic category; prototype

prototype; category

In the process of classifying objects, people are especially likely to make use of phonemes. heuristics. prototypes. algorithms. mental sets.

prototypes.

Cognitive psychologists are most directly concerned with the study of the unconscious. emotion. genetics. thinking. brain chemistry.

thinking.