Module 9

True

True or False: If the friends you hang out with never smoke cigarettes, the chances you'll smoke are very slim.

False

True or False: Research indicates that feelings of hopelessness are unrelated to predicting if a person will become a drug user.

False

True or False: THC, found only in the flowers of the hemp plant, lowers inhibitions and produces feelings of relaxation and mild euphoria when smoked.

hallucinogens

psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

a

A person who usually buys one coffee drink on the way to work in the morning but then starts feeling tired and sluggish unless she drinks another one after lunch is experiencing a. tolerance to caffeine b. depression from lack of stimulant c. cravings for amphetamines d. lowered inhibitions

a

Although alcohol is a ________________, some people report feeling stimulated after drinking because alcohol _________________. a. depressant; lowers inhibitions b. hallucinogen; raises blood pressure c. amphetamine; excites neural activity d. psychoactive drug; acts as a stimulant on the nervous system

b

Anyone who experiences cravings for a drug and withdrawal symptoms without the drug can be said to be _________________ that drug. a. resistant to b. dependent on c. tolerant of d. psychoactive of

d

The main difference between hallucinogens and the other drug categories is a. withdrawal effects are not produced by long-term use of hallucinogens, but they are associated with stimulant and depressant use. b. stimulants and depressants do not produce tolerance, but hallucinogens do. c. hallucinogen users experience withdrawal effects immediately after using the drug for the first time. d. hallucinogens interfere with perceptions of sensations instead of speeding up or slowing down the nervous system

b

The primary hallucinogen discussed in the text was developed a. to help treat stimulant addictions. b. in a chemistry laboratory c. to protect stimulant users from withdrawal effects d. for deliberate use

d

Two of the most commonly used stimulants in cultures around the world are a. beer and wine b. marijuana and hashish c. cocaine and tobacco d. nicotine and caffeine

b

What is the relationship between tolerance and withdrawal? a. withdrawal refers to negative effects of drug use, and tolerance refers to positive effects. b. drug users may need to take increasing dosages of a drug (tolerance) to avoid negative side effects of stopping drug use (withdrawal) c. repeated use of a drug will always produce withdrawal effects and can lead to tolerance d. physical side effects of repeated drug use (tolerance) can be avoided if users go through long periods without using the drug (withdrawal)

c

Which cognitive activity is most dramatically affected by alcohol use? a. nonverbal communication b. visual perception c. problem solving d. encoding memories

a

Which of the following most accurately describes some long-term effects of marijuana use? a. lung damage, brain cell loss, and memory impairment b. increased tolerance to the drug because the active ingredient does not stay in the body long c. heart damage and repeated perceptual distortions d. restlessness, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, and hyperalertness

ecstasy

also called MDMA, this hallucinogenic stimulant produces lowered inhibitions, pleasant feelings, and greater acceptance of others

psychoactive drug

chemical substance that alters perceptions, mood, or behavior

withdrawal

discomfort and distress that follow when a person who is dependent on a drug discontinues the use of that drug

depressants

drugs (such as alcohol and sedatives) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

stimulants

drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines and cocaine) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

amphetamines

drugs that stimulate neural activity, speeding up body functions

marijuana

leaves, stems, resin, and flowers from the hemp plant that, when smoked, lower inhibitions and produce feelings of relaxation and mild euphoria

LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)

powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid

tolerance

reduced responsiveness to a drug, prompting the user to take larger doses to achieve the same pleasurable effects previously obtained by smaller doses

dependence

state of physiological or psychological need (or combined need) to take more of a drug after continued use

cocaine

stimulant derived from the leaves of the coca plant

caffeine

stimulant found in coffee, chocolate, tea, and some soft drinks

nicotine

stimulant found in tobacco