MS,MG, parkinson, ALS

A C D F

The client has been diagnosed to have ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Which of the following manifestations characterize the disease? Select all that apply: A. Muscle weakness B. Intention tremors C. Muscle atrophy D. Fatigue E. Shuffling gait F. Respiratory difficulty

B D

The clinic nurse caring for a patient with Parkinson's Disease notes that the patient has been taking levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) for 7 years. For what common side effect of Sinemet would the nurse assess with this patient? Select all that apply A. Pruritus B. Dyskinesia C. Lactose intolerance D. Periods of immobility E. Diarrhea

B E

1. A client is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Which of the following symptoms indicates the client is at risk for impaired gas exchange? Select all that apply: A. Blurred vision B. Muscle weakness C. Slurred speech D. Loss of sensation E. Numbness F. Partial paralysis

A B C

2. A patient reports increased fatigue and stiffness of the extremities. These symptoms have occurred in the past, but resolved and no medical attention was sought. Which questions does the nurse ask to assess whether the symptoms may be associated with multiple sclerosis? Select all that apply: A. "Do you feel unsteady or unbalanced when you walk?" B. "Do you have persistent sensitivity to the cold?" C. "Do you ever have slurred speech or trouble swallowing?" D. "Do you wake up at night and then have trouble going back to sleep?"

A B D

A 64-year-old patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is hospitalized with pneumonia. Which nursing actions will be included in the plan of care? (Select All that apply) A. Assist with active range of motion (ROM). B. Keep HOB elevated during meals C. Observe for agitation and paranoia. D. Keep suction at the bedside E. Use simple words and phrases to explain procedures.

A C D E

A client is diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Which of the following complications might you see? Select all that apply. A. UTI B. Mostly unilateral paresthesia C. Immobility D. Pain E. Respiratory failure

B C E

A newly diagnosed Myasthenia Gravis patient is concerned about being able to manage symptoms of the disease. The patient asks the nurse how to manage day-to-day life with Myasthenia Gravis. How should the nurse tell this patient to prevent exacerbations: (Select all that apply) A. Get at least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise three times a week B. Schedule frequent rest periods throughout each day C. Perform the most high-energy activities in the morning upon awakening D. Wear sunscreen when outdoors and sun exposure is likely E. Avoid emotional stress

A B E

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. When caring for this patient, which of the following interventions are appropriate? Select all that apply. A. Monitor vital signs and watch for signs of myasthenia crisis: tachycardia, hypertension, and restlessness. B. Schedule periods of rest into the day. C. When swallowing is difficult, provide liquids instead. D. Administer medications when the patient is awake to promote rest. E. Have suction available at all times.

A C

A patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease is asking several questions on how it was decided that he had the correct diagnosis. Which response elicits the correct information to answer his question? Select all that apply. A. While on a drug regimen of carbidopa, levodopa, and entacopone your tremors and rigidity were significantly decreased B. You demonstrated a positive "pull test" C. You display jerky movements and a shuffling gait D. You display microphagia E. MRI displayed decreased function in the hypothalamus

A C D

A patient is diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome. The following characteristics are included with this disease. Select all that apply. A. Weakness of lower extremities B. Maximal muscle atrophy (increased muscle tone) C. Nervous system dysfunction D. Immobility E. Decreased risk of DVT

A C D E

A patient is prescribed high-dose methylprednisolone for an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of these findings, if identified in the patient, would indicate the patient is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? A. Hypokalemia B. Angioedema C. Hyperglycemia D. Candida infection E. Epigastric pain F. Paralytic ileus

1 3 4 2

A patient was admitted for treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Prioritize the following nursing diagnoses: 1. Ineffective Airway Clearance 2. Risk for emotional distress 3. Fluid Volume Deficit 4. Potential for injury

A B D

A patient with Parkinson's Disease is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. Which nursing interventions will be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply. A. Use an elevated toilet seat B. Cut the patient's food into small pieces C. Provide high-protein foods at each meal D. Place an armchair at the patient's bedside E. Observe for sudden exacerbation of symptoms

B C D

A patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is hospitalized with pneumonia. Which nursing actions will NOT be included in the plan of care? (Select ALL that apply) A. Assist with active range of motion. B. Observe for agitation and paranoia. C. Give muscle relaxants as needed to reduce spasms. D. Use simple words and phrases to explain procedures.

A D

Home Care nurse is counseling a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). What information should the nurse include in the instructions? (Select ALL that apply) A. Space activities throughout the day B. Engage in social interactions with large groups C. Request an opioid if leg pain becomes excessive D. Anticipate alternate ways to communicate E. Use leg restraints to decrease the risk of physical injury

B C E

Guillain-Barre Syndrome is an autoimmune disease and the cause is not known. A 39- year old enters the Emergency Department, which of the following are signs that this syndrome could be the cause? A. Weakness starting in neck and moving distal to the feet. B. Weakness of the lower extremities that started a week ago. C. Paresthesia (numbness/tingling) and paralysis in the extremities. D. Stroke- like symptoms- including unilateral paralysis. E. Respiratory distress that may need mechanical support. F. A severe cough that started at least two weeks prior.

A B D

The nurse is caring for a patient in a Myasthenic Crisis. When caring for this patient the nurse must assess for which complications? Select all that apply A. Increased pulse, respirations, and blood pressure B. Incontinence C. Facial muscle twitching D. Absent cough and swallow reflex E. Nausea

B C D E

The nurse is teaching a client with bladder dysfunction from multiple sclerosis about bladder training at home. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. A. restrict fluids to 1,000 mL/24 hours B. drink 400 to 500 mL with each meal C. drink fluids midmorning, midafternoon, and late afternoon D. attempt to void at least every 2 hours E. use intermittent catheterization as needed

B C

What therapeutic procedures can help lessen the severity of Guillain-Barre? (Select all that apply) A. Pain management B. Plasmapheresis C. High dose immunoglobin therapy D. Chemotherapy E. Physical therapy

A C E F

When caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease, the nurse understanding that the patient is in the moderate stage of the disease when which signs/symptoms are seen? Select all that apply. A. Freezing episodes B. Inconvenient movements, not affecting ADL's C. Medications wear off between doses D. Medications manage symptoms effectively E. Movement symptoms occur on both sides of the body F. Increasing trouble with balance and coordination

C E

When collecting a nursing history, what question would elicit the most beneficial information contributing to a diagnosis of Guillain-Barre' Syndrome? (Select all that apply) A. Did you receive a head injury during the past year? B. What medications have you taken in the last three months? C. Have you experienced an infection recently? D. Do you have a family history of any neurological conditions? E. Where in the body did the signs/symptoms first appear?

B C E

Which diagnostic tests are used to assess for, or rule out, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? (Select All That Apply) A. HIDA scan B. MRI C. Muscle biopsy D. Pulmonary Function test E. Electromyelogram

C E

Which of the following statements made by a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) would alert the healthcare provider that the patient requires additional instruction about the disease? Select all that apply. A. "Use of stress reduction strategies can decrease the severity of my symptoms." B. "Regular exercise can help reduce fatigue and help improve my sense of balance." C. "I will avoid foods that are high in fiber to prevent problems with my bowels." D. "It's important for me to inspect my skin daily make sure there aren't any injuries." E. "A hot bath in the evenings will help relax my muscles and relieve pain."

A D

You are a new nurse taking care of your first Parkinson's patient. Identifying classic signs of Parkinson's is essential in understanding the disease to take care of the patient effectively. What signs and symptoms are related to Parkinson's for the understanding of care with this patient. A. Tremors aggravated by stress B. Mental decline as the first characteristic of the disease C. Decreased resistance to passive movement of muscles D. Mask like blank expression

B C

Your patient with Myasthenia Gravis is having abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea blurred vision, facial muscle twitching, and hypotension. What should the nurse expect to initiate in care for this client. Select all that apply. A. Increase the anticholinesterase medication as prescribed B. Withhold anticholinesterase medication C. Prepare to administer atropine sulfate as prescribed D. Prepare for intubation and respiratory support