Muscle Origins, Insertions, & Functions
Subscapularis: Function
internal rotation of the humerus. Adduction of the arm. Belongs to rotator cuff muscles. Connected to capsule and prevent injury. Keeps humerus from being dislocated
posterior intermuscular septum
separates the extensor muscles from the peroneal muscles
interosseous membrane (between tibia and fibula)
separates the extensors from the flexors
anterior intermuscular septum
separates the peroneal muscles from the extensors
Trapezius Function 3 parts:
1) descending: elevates scapula. 2) transverse: draws scapular medially 3) ascending part - depresses the scapula
pes anserinus
3 muscles insert: 1) sartorius 2) gracilis 3) semitendinosus?
abductor digiti minimi
F: abducts pinky N: deep branch of ulnar nerve B: ulnar artery
Abductor pollicis brevis
F: abducts the thumb N: median nerve (recurrent branch) B: superficial palmar branch of radial artery.
suprapiriformis hiatus
F: connects the gluteal region with pelvic cavities Structures: 1) superior gluteal artery 2) superior gluteal vein 3) superior gluteal nerve
infrapiriformis hiatus
F: connects the gluteal region with the pelvic cavities Structures: 1) sciatic nerve 2) comitant artery 3) inferior gluteal artery 4) inferior gluteal vein 5) inferior gluteal nerve 6) posterior femoral cutaneous nerve 7) internal pudendal artery 8) internal pudendal vein 9) internal pudendal nerve.
flexor digiti minimi brevis
F: flexes carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal joints of pinky N: deep branch of ulnar nerve B: ulnar artery
Opponens digiti minimi§
F: opposes the pinky N: deep branch of ulnar nerve B: ulnar artery.
Opponens pollicis
F: opposes the thumb N: median nerve B: superficial palmar branch of radial artery
Deltoid: Innervation and Blood supply
I: axillary nerve B: posterior circumflex humeral artery. (cephalic vein superficial)
Pectoral Major: Innervation and blood supply
I: medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1) B: pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk.
Pectoralis Minor: Innervation and blood supply
I: medial pectoral nerves B: pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
oblique capitis superior
O:transverse processes of atlas I: occipital bone above nuchal line F: extends head and rotates it to same side N: suboccipital n. B: occipital artery
Serratus anterior innervation and blood supply
N: long thoracic nerve C5-C7 B: lateral thoracic artery
Trapezius innervation and blood supply
N: motor: spinal accessory nerve (XI), proprioception: C3-C4. B: transverse cervical artery
Brachialis: nerve and blood supply
N: musculocutaneous nerve B: brachial artery, radial recurrent artery
Coracobrachialis: innveration and blood supply
N: musculocutaneous nerve. Pierces the coracobrachialis and goes below the biceps. B:BRACHIAL artery
Biceps Brachia: Innervation and blood supply
N: musculocutaneous nerve. The musculocutaneous pierces fascia above the cubital area and continues as the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. B: brachial artery
Supraspinatous N&B
N: suprascapular nerve (C5,6) form the superior trunk B: suprascpaular artery
Latissimus dorsi innervation and blood supply
N: thoracodorsal nerve (C7,8) from the posterior cord. B: thoracodorsal artery
Subscapularis: Innervation and blood supply
N: upper and lower subscapular nerves from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus B: subscapular artery.
gluteus maximus B
O: 1) dorsal surface of the sacrum. 2) gluteal surface of the iliac wing. 3) thoracolumbar fascia I: 1) gluteal tuberosity 2) iliotibial tract F: extension of the hip (largest muscle which extends the hip). N: inferior gluteal nerve B: superior and inferior gluteal arteries There's a very thick fascia underneath.
dorsal interosseous muscles
O: 2 adjacent metacarpal shafts I: base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the 2nd digit, lateral & medial sides of the 3rd digit, and medial side of the 4th digit F: ABDUCTS digits 2-4. flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4, N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve B: dorsal and palmar metacarpal arteries
Tensor Fasciae Latae
O: Anterior part of iliac crest I: iliotibial tract (which originates on the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula) F: flexion, abduction, medial rotation. Iliotibial tract fixes the knee joint and gives increased mechanical resistance for the femur. N: superior gluteal nerve B: superior gluteal artery.
Iliotibial Tract
O: Fascia lata I: lateral condyle of the tibia, head of fibula F: 1) fixes knee joint. 2) increases the mechanical resistance of the femur.
Internal oblique O&N
O: Iliac crest and throacolumbar fascia, lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament. I: joins aponeurosis of external oblique and then the rectus sheathe. Also contributes to inguinal ligament I think. F: forms body wall (with external oblique and transverse abdomenus) Flexes and laterally bends the trunk. N: intercostal, ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric.
triceps brachii
O: a) long head - infraglenoid tubercle. b) lateral head - posterolateral humerus and inter muscular septum. c) posteromedial surface of the inferior 1/2 of the humerus. I: olecranon F: extends the forearm. Long head extends and adducts the arm. N: radial nerve B: deep brachial artery
Plantaris O&B
O: above lateral femoral condyle pLantaris I: calcaneal tuberosity F: flexes the leg (useless to be honest) N: tibial n. B: popliteal a.
vastus intermedius F
O: anterior and lateral surface of femur I: patella F: extends the knee/leg N: femoral nerve B: lateral femoral circumplex a.
Pectoralis Minor
O: anterior chest wall - ribs 3-5 I: coracoid process of the scapula.
rectus femoris
O: anterior inferior iliac spine I: patella F: extends the leg and flexes the thigh. Most important extensor of the knee joint N: femoral nerve B: lateral circumflex femoral artery
quadratus plantae. O, B
O: anterior portion of the calcareous and the long plantar ligament I: tendons of the flexor digitorum longus F: aligns the tendons of flexor digitorum longus with the toes and assist with flexion. N: lateral plantar nerves B: lateral plantar arteries.
sartorius - , B
O: anterior superior iliac spine I: pes anserinus F: flexion and external rotation of the hip and flexion and some internal rotation of the knee (tailor position) N: femoral nerve B: lateral femoral circumplex artery
Flexor pollicis longus
O: anterior surface of the RADIUS! I: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb F: flexes thumb N: median nerve (recurrent branch) B: radial artery (superficial palmar branch)
vastus medialis
O: anterior surface of the femur I: patella F: extends the knee/leg N: femoral nerve B: lateral femoral circumplex a.
vastus lateralis
O: anterior surface of the femur I: patella F: extends the knee/leg N: femoral nerve B: lateral femoral circumflex a. & perforating branches
Brachialis
O: anterior surface of the humerus I: ulnar tuberosity and coranoid process of the ulna.
piriformis I&N
O: anterior surface of the sacrum I: passes through the greater sciatic foramen and inserts at the upper border of the greater trochanter of the femur F: Its the dividing line between the superpiriformis and infrapiriformis parts of the greater sciatic foramen. N: ventral rami of S1-S2 B: none?
plantar interosseous muscles B
O: base and medial side of metatarsals 3-5. NOTICE: there are only 3 palmar i.o. muscles. I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of digits 3-5. F: adducts digits 3-5, flexes metatarsophalangeal and extends interphalangeal joints of digits 3-5. N: lateral plantar nerve B: plantar metatarsal a.
flexor digiti minimi brevis
O: base of the 5th metatarsal bone I: base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit F: flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of the 5th digit. N: lateral plantar n. B: lateral plantar a.
psoas major
O: bodies and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae I: lesser trochanter of the femur F: flexes the thigh N: genitofemoral nerve B: lumbar artery (subcostal)
flexor digitorum brevis
O: calcaneal tuberosity I: base of middle phalanx of digits 2-5 F: flexes metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5 N: medial plantar n. B: medial & lateral plantar a.
abductor digiti minimi
O: calcaneal tuberosity I: base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit F: abducts the 5th toe. N: lateral plantar n. B: lateral plantar a.
abductor hallucis
O: calcaneal tuberosity I: base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe F: abducts great toe, flexes metatarsophalangeal joint. I: medial plantar n. B: medial plantar a.
Semitendinosus F & B
O: common tendon with biceps femoris/ischial tuberosity. I: pes anserinus F: extends hip joint. flexes knee joint. N: sciatic B: perforating branches
Coracobrachialis: Origin and Insertion
O: coracoid process of scapula I: medial side of the HUMERUS.
flexor hallucis brevis (medial and lateral heads)
O: cuboid, lateral cuneiform, 1st metatarsal.I: medial: proximal phalanx of the great toe (medial side). lateral: proximal phalanx of the great toe (lateral). F: flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe N: medial plantar n. B: medial plantar a.
Teres major
O: dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula I: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus (fuses with latissimus dorsi at insertion) F: medial rotation of arm(with lat. dorsi) adducts the arm N: subscapular and/or thoracodorsal nerve from posterior cord. B: circumflex scapular artery
gluteus minimus I
O: external surface of ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines I: greater trochanter of the femur F: only internal rotation N: superior gluteal nerve B: superior gluteal artery
gluteus medias (anterior, middle, posterior part)
O: external surface of the ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines I: greater trochanter of the femur F: anterior: internal rotation of the hip middle: abduction posterior: external rotation, stabilisation of hip during walking N: superior gluteal nerve B: superior gluteal artery
Flexor digitorum longus
O: fibula and interosseous membrane I: bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 F: flexes the metatarsophalangeal, proximal and interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5, inversion of talotarsal joint. N: tibial n. B: posterior tibial artery.
lumbricals
O: flexor digitorum profundus tendon I: cross MCP form radial side and insert onto extensor tendons on the dorsal side F: JH - sensory innervation with less important motor innervation. Sensory innervation measures force of hand and regulate flexor and extensor tendons. gives precise, exact control of fine motor finger movements. Cs - flexion of metacarpal phalangeal joint and extension of PIP and DIP. No matter where they pull they make you extend your finger. N: 1-2 median nerve/ 3-4 ulnar nerve!!! B: palmar metacarpal artery/common palmar digital artery.
Bicipital aponeurosis
O: from the insertion of the biceps brachia. I: antebrachial fascia
Erector Spinae: iliocostalis
O: iliac crest I: angle of the rib. F: extends and laterally bends the trunk (allows you to hold your back up straight)
iliacus muscle
O: iliac fossa & iliac crest I: lesser trochanter of the femur F: part of iliopsoas
iliopsoas I, F, N, B
O: iliac fossa, bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae I: lesser trochanter of the femur F: Flexes the hip joint. Main flexor. Also does external rotation N: femoral n. B: iliolumbar artery
rhomboid minor O & B
O: inferior end of the nuchal ligament, spines of vertebrae C7-T1 I: medial border of scapula F: retracts, elevates, rotates scapular inferiorly. N: dorsal scapular n. B: dorsal scapular artery
adductor brevis
O: inferior pubic ramus I: linea aspera of the femur F: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh N: anterior division of obturator. B: obturator a. and deep femoral a.
Infraspinatous. F, B
O: infraspinatous fossa. I: greater tubercle of the humerus. F: laterally rotates the arm N: suprascapular nerve B: suprascapular artery
obturator internus
O: internal surface of the obturator membrane I: greater trochanter of the femur. F: laterally rotates femur (external rotation) N: nerve to the obturator internus B: obturator artery.
Tibialis posterior O&I & F
O: interosseous membrane, posteromedial surface of fibula, posteroateral surface of tibia) I: navicular and medial cuneiform and metatarsals 2-4 F: plantar flexion of talocrural joint, inversion of talotarsla joint. N: tibial n. B: fibular & tibial artery
inferior gemellus O&I,B
O: ischial spine I: obturator internus tendon F: laterally rotates the femur N: nerve to the obturator internus B: inferior gluteal artery
superior gemellus B.
O: ischial spine I: obturator internus tendon F: laterally rotates the femur (external rotation) N: nerve to the operator internus B: inferior gluteal artery
semimembranosus I
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of tibia F: extends hip joint, flexes knee joint. give oblique popliteal ligament N: sciatic B: perforating branches
adductor magnus. which branch of obturator nerve?
O: ischopubic ramus and ischialtuberosity I: linea aspera F: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the femur (ischialcondylar part extends the femur) N: (posterior) obturator nerve
quadratus femoris
O: lateral border of the ischial tuberosity I: quadrate line of the femur. F: laterall rotates the femur (external rotation) N: nerve to the quadrates femurs muscle B: inferior gluteal artery.
extensor hallucis longus - O
O: middle 1/2 of the anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane I: base of the distal phalanx of the greater toe F: extends the metatarsalphalangeal and interphalangeal joint of the great toe N: deep fibular nerve B: anterior tibial artery
tibialis anterior
O: lateral condyle and upper lateral surface of the tibia I: medial side of the foot of the base of the 1st metatarsal bone and the medial cuneiform. peroneus longus is on the other side of these bones F: Moves the talocrural joint. INVERSION by elevating the medial side of the foot. Also does dorsiflexion. N: deep peroneal nerve B: anterior tibial artery.
popliteus I & N
O: lateral condyle of femur popLiteus I: posterior surface of tibia (around soleal line) F: flexes and rotates leg medially Forms dorsal lateral part of knee capsule. N: tibeal nerve B: popliteal artery
extensor digitorum longus O, I, F
O: lateral condyle of the tibia & anterior surface of the fibula (interosseous membrane as well) I: dorsum of the lateral 4 toes via the extensor expansion F: extends the metatarsophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints of the lateral 4 toes. N: deep fibular nerve B: anterior tibial artery
Extensor indicis
O: lateral epicondyle I: 2nd digit F: Extends the finger at MCP, PIP, DIP joints N: deep radial nerve B: posterior interosseous artery
Extensor carpi radialis longus
O: lateral epicondyle I: 2nd metacarpal F: dorsiflexion (extension of the wrist) and radial abduction/deviation of the hand N: deep radial nerve B: radial artery
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
O: lateral epicondyle I: 3rd metacarpal F: dorsiflexion (extension of the wrist) and radial abduction/deviation of the hand N: deep radial nerve B: radial artery
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle I: base of the 5th metacarpal F: extends the wrist (dorsiflexion?) adducts the hand/ulnar deviation N: deep radial nerve B: ulnar artery
Extensor pollicis brevis
O: lateral epicondyle I: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb F: extends thumb at the interphalangeal joint N: deep radial nerve B: posterior interosseous artery
Extensor digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle I: extensor expansion digits 2-5 F: dorsiflexion of fingers. N: deep radial nerve B: interosseous recurrent artery and posterior interosseous artery.
extensor digiti minimi
O: lateral epicondyle I: joints the extensor digitorum tendon to the 5th
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle I: lateral side of proximal 1/3 of radius (same as pronator trees but from opposite direction) F: supination of forearm N: deep radial nerve B: recurrent interosseous artery
Brachioradialis
O: lateral epicondyle I: styoloid process of radius (doesn't touch hand!!) F: flexes the elbow, STABILIZES the elbow in the middle position. pronated curls. N: radial nerve B: radial recurrent artery
semispinalis capitis
O: laterally inferiorly to I: superior medially F: extends the trunk and laterally bends to the opposite side N: dorsal rami from spinal nerves greater occipital and tertiary occipital
Biceps Femoris
O: long head: ischial tuberosity. short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia F: extends the hip joint. Flexes the knee joint N: sciatic B: perforating branches of dfa.
peroneus brevis. *B*
O: lower 1/3 of the lateral surface of the fibula I: base of the 5th metatarsal F: plantar flexion and eversion (opposite of tibialis anterior) N: superficial peroneal nerve B: fibular/peroneal artery
Flexor hallucis longus *O*
O: lower 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula I: base of distal phalanx of the great toe F: flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe I: tibial n. B: fibular artery and posterior tibial artery
Transversus abdominus
O: lower 6 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament I: linea alba, pubic crest, pecten F: flexes and laterally bends trunk. N: iliohypogastric B: lots
splenius capitis/cervisis
O: medial I: lateral F: extends and laterally bends head and neck I: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-T12 (greater occipital, tertiary occipital
Flexor carpi radialis - B
O: medial epicondyle I: base of the second metacarpal F: palmar flexion of the wrist, radial abduction/radial deviation N: median nerve B: ulnar artery
Flexor digitorum profundus
O: medial epicondyle I: bases of distal phalanges 2-5 F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, AND distal interphalangeal joints. N: median nerve (radial 1/2) ulnar nerve (ulnar 1/2) IMPORTANT! B: ulnar artery, anterior interosseous artery
Flexor digitorum superficialis
O: medial epicondyle I: middle phalanges of digits 2-5 F: flexes the MCP and PIP joints (but not DIP)!! N: median nerve B: ulnar artery
Palmaris longus
O: medial epicondyle I: palmar aponeurosis F: none (flexion) N: median nerve B: ulnar artery
Flexor carpi ulnaris N&B
O: medial epicondyle I: pisiform (don't need to know others) F: ulnar adduction/deviation. flexion of the wrist N: ulnar nerve B: ulnar artery
Pronator teres
O: medial epicondyle I: proximal 1/3 of the shaft of the radius (same as the supinator but from opposite directions) F: pronation and flexion. This exclusively moves the elbow joint. N: median nerve B: ulnar artery. The muscle covers the ulnar artery and median nerve.
Triceps Surae: gastrocnemius
O: medial head- above medial condyle of femur, lateral head: above lateral condyle of femur. I: dorsum of calcaneus F: plantar flexion in talocrural joint. supination in talotarsal joint. N: tibial n. B: posterior tibial artery
Pronator quadratus
O: medial side of the anterior surface of the distal one- fourth of the ulna I: anterior surface of the distal one- fourth of the radius F: pronates forearm N: median nerve B: anterior interosseous artery.
Trapezius O&I
O: medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7- T12 I: lateral third of the clavicle, medial side of the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine, tubercle of the scapular spine
Abductor pollicis longus
O: middle one- third of the posterior surface of the radius, interosseous membrane, mid-portion of posterolateral ulna I: radial side of the base of the 1st metacarpal (thumb) F: abducts the thumb at the carpal-metacarpal joint/ makes a C b/c C is abduction N: radial nerve, deep branch B: posterior interosseous artery
adductor hallucis (oblique & transverse head)
O: oblique: base of metatarsals 3-5. transverse: heads of metatarsals 3-5. I: base of proximal phalanx of great toe. F: adducts the great toe I: lataral plantar n. (deep) B: plantar arterial arch?
palmar interosseous muscles
O: palmar surface of metacarpal shafts. I: base of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digits 1&2 and lateral side of digits 4 & 5 F: ADDUCTION of fingers (flexes metacarpophalangeal joint, extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints) N: deep branch of ulnar nerve B: palamr metacarpal artery.
pectineus I,N,B
O: pecten I: pectineal line F: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh. N: femoral nerve B: medial femoral circumplex a.
rectus capitis posterior minor
O: posterior tubercle of the atlas I: inferior nuchal line F: extends head N: suboccipital nerve B: occipital artery.
gracilis - which division of obturator nerve?
O: pubic symphysis & inferior pubic ramus I: pes anserinus F: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh N: anterior division of the obturator nerve B: obturator artery (medial circumplex femoral a.)
rectus abdominis N
O: pubic tubercle I: lower ribs and xyphoid process. F: flexes trunk N: intercostal nerves 7-11 B: inferior epigastric artery/vein and others
Serratus anterior O&I
O: ribs 1-9 I: inferior angle and medial margin of the scapula
External oblique O N?
O: ribs 5-12 (same as lower serratus anterior) I: its aponeurosis contributes to rectus sheath and also forms inguinal ligament. F: flexes and laterally bends the trunk N: lower intercostal nerves 7-11 (may be more innervations?) B: lots, not to important right now.
Dorsal and Interosseous muscles
O: shafts of adjacent metatarsal bones I: bases of proximal phalanges (Digit 2 gets 2 muscles) F: abducts digits 3-5 N: lateral plantar n. B: dorsal metatarsal a.
dorsal interosseous muscles of the foot
O: shafts of the adjacent metatarsal bones I: bases of the proximal phalanges F: abducts digits 2-4 (moves them away from the midline as defined by a plane through the 2nd digit) Flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints of those digits N: deep branch of lateral plantar nerve B: dorsal metatarsal artery
Biceps Femoris: short head & long head O&I
O: short head -- linea aspera. long head -- ischial tuberosity I: head of the fibula!!!
Triceps surae: soleus. Origin & innervation
O: soleal line of tibia & head of fibula I: calcaneal tuberosity F: plantar flexion in talocrural joint. supination in talotarsal joint. N: tibial n. B: posterior tibial a.
rhomboid major O, I B
O: spines of vertebrae T2-T5 I: medial border of scapula F: Retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly N: dorsal scapular n. B: dorsal scapular artery
rectus capitis posterior major
O: spinous process of axis I: inferior nuchal iine F: extends head, rotates to same side N: suboccipital nerve B: occipital artery
oblique capitis inferior
O: spinous process of axis I: transverse process of axis F: rotates the head N: suboccipital n. B: occipital artery
subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tubercle of the humerus
adductor longus
O: superior pubic ramus I: linea aspera of femur F: adduct,s flexes, and medially rotates femur N: anterior division of the obturator nerve B: medial cirumplex femoral obturator artery, deep femoral artery
extensor hallucis brevis
O: superolateral surface of the calcaneus I: dorsum of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe F: extends the great toe N: deep fibular nerve B: dorsal pedal artery
extensor digitorum brevis. go over N & B
O: superolateral surface of the calcaneus I: extensor expansion of the toes 1-4 F: extends toes 1-4 N: deep fibular nerve B: dorsal pedal artery
Supraspinatus muscle O&I
O: supraspinatous fossa I: greater tubercle of the humerus (it passes through the tunnel formed by the glenoid cavity)
lumbricals (foot)
O: tendons of the flexor digitorum longus I: MEDIAL side of extensor expansion of digits 2-5. F: FLEXES: metatarsophalangeal joint. EXTENDS: proximal interphalangeal joint and the distal interphalangeal joints. N: 1st medial lumbrical - medial plantar nerve. 3 lateral lumbricals: lateral plantar nerves B: medial and lateral plantar arteries.
Erector spinae: longissimus
O: transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae I: transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae F: extends and laterally bends the trunk (allows you to hold your back up straight) N: dorsal spinal rami
levator scapulae
O: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae I: upper medial border of scapula F: elevates scapula N: dorsal scapular n. B: dorsal scapular artery
Teres minor
O: upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the scapula I: greater tubercle of the humerus F: laterally rotates the arm N: axillary nerve (C5,6) from posterior cord B: circumflex scapular artery
peroneus longus F,N,B
O: upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of the fibula I: goes to the sole of the foot and then inserts to the opposite side on the base of the 1st metatarsal and the medial cuneiform F: PLANTAR flexion and EVERSION. N: superficial peroneal nerve B: fibular/peroneal artery
Latisimus dorsi O & I
O: vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior 1/3 of the iliac crest, lower 3-4 ribs. I: inter tubercular groove of the humerus. "grab your wallet, cause At 7 on Saturday we're going to Iliac Crest for some ribs"
Serratus anterior Function. What exactly does it do?
Rotates the scapula. This is how you're able to move your arm above your head because you rotate the scapula instead of being limited to the 90 degrees. (light bulb)
Latisimus dorsi Function
Rowing (retroflexion, adduction --> back pocket) medial rotation.
Deltoid: Function
Transverse: abduction and adduction (most important abductor and adductor of the shoulder) Longitudinal: clavicular part - internal rotation posterior part - external rotation.
Coracobrachialis: Function
a little anteversion and adduction.
Pectoral major Origin and Insertion
a) clavicular part -- O: medial 1/2 of clavicle. I: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus b) middle part -- O: MANUBRIUM AND BODY OF STERNUM and ribs 2-6. I: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus. c)INFERIOR part --O: rectus sheath of the upper abdominal wall. I: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Biceps brachi: Origin and Insertion
a) short head: O: tip of the coracoid process. I: radial tuberosity. b) long head: O: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. I: radial tuberosity
Deltoid
a. clavicular -- O: lateral 1/3 of the clavicle. I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. b. acromial part -- O: acromion. I: deltoid tuberosity. c. spinal part. O: lower lip of the crest of the spine of the scapula. I: deltoid tuberosity
Pectoralis Minor: Function
abduction/adduction of shoulder/arm? Draws the scapula forward, medial ward, and downward.
Pectoral Major: Function
abduction/adduction of the arm. also medially rotates the arm. ante flexion
Quadrangular space
an area on the posterior surface of the back bounded by the teres minor m. superiorly, the teres major m. inferiorly, the long head of the triceps brachii m. medially and the humerus laterally
Function of the triangular space and structures passing through.
circumflex scapular artery passes through
Quadrangular space: Function and structures passing through
connect axillary fossa to the dorsal scapula (back). axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery pass through. Circumflex scapular vessels pass from the axillary fossa to the dorsal side of the scapula
Bicipital aponeurosis: Function
creates a canal for the median nerve and brachial artery to pass through
Supraspinatous muscle: Function
external rotation of the shoulder (abducts the arm)
Biceps Brachii: Function
flexes the forearm. The LONG HEAD does SUPINATION
Brachialis: Function
pure flexion of the arm.
Triangular Space (medial axillary hiatus)
the space bounded by the teres minor m. superiorly, the teres major m. inferiorly and the long head of the triceps brachii m. laterally.
Vastoadductora membrane - what it connects
vastus medial is and adductor longus.
