Musculoskeletal and Superficial Structures (uniquelee93)
What test can be performed to determine a torn Achilles tendon?
Thompson test
What is a negative Thompson test?
calf is squeezed and foot should plantarflex
Inflammation and infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is termed:
cellulitis
A cystic mass located within the popliteal fossa is most likely a:
Baker cyst
What are the 3 clinical findings of tendonitis?
Pain, swelling, warm to the touch
A common mass found along the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist is the:
ganglion cyst
Normal muscle appears:
hypoechoic tissue that contains linear, echogenic strands
A complicated Baker cyst may contain a thin flap of tissue referred to as:
pannus
What causes a Baker's cyst?
trauma or rheumatoid arthritis
Phalen's sign is an indication for sonography of which joint?
wrist
Xanthomas are found in association with which tendon?
Achilles
Which of the following at the site of a foreign body may produce bright echoes and therefore cause some ambiguity about the correct orientation of the object?
Air
The Achilles tendon connects the:
heel to the calf muscle
What is a benign tumor comprised of blood vessels?
Hemangioma
What is a benign tumor comprised of fat?
Lipoma
The artifact that gives the sonographer incorrect information on the tendon's integrity due to the sound beam not being perpendicular to the central axis is called?
anisotrophy
The accumulation of synovial fluid from a weakening in the joint capsule of the knee, as seen in rheumatoid arthritis, can result in a:
baker cyst
Clinical findings of a Baker cyst may mimic those of a:
deep vein thrombosis
What are 4 characteristics of ganglion cysts?
dorsal aspect of hand and wrist, noncompressible, anechoic mass with acoustic enhancement, hard to the touch and painful, treated with injection of corticosteroids
Tendons sonographically appear as:
echogenic, fibrous structures connecting muscles to bone
With subluxation of the biceps tendon, the bicipital groove will appear:
empty
What is a clinical finding of a lipoma?
feel no pain in area of mass
A partial tear of a tendon appears as:
focal hypoechoic areas within a tendon
What are complications of a Baker's cyst?
infection, venous thrombosis, compression of venous structures causing calf swelling
Hyperemic flow within or around a structure is indicative of:
inflammation
Having the patient place their hand on the opposite shoulder helps to evaluate which rotator cuff tendon?
infraspinatus
What is the main nerve of interest in carpal tunnel syndrome?
median
What are 4 characteristics of foreign body sonography?
most foreign bodies are hyperechoic, linear-array, standoff pad, comet-tail artifacts posterior to metallic objects
Fluid within the synovial sheath is indicative of:
tendosynovitis
What position is best to evaluate the Achilles tendon?
prone
What describes the Thompson test?
Patient lies prone while calf is squeezed
What is a Baker's cyst?
collection of synovial fluid which is found in the medial aspect popliteal fossa
What is a double walled tubular structure surrounding some tendons?
synovial sheath
What are three symptoms rheumatoid arthritis can cause?
tendinosis, hyperemia, erosion
