Musculoskeletal and Superficial Structures (uniquelee93)

What test can be performed to determine a torn Achilles tendon?

Thompson test

What is a negative Thompson test?

calf is squeezed and foot should plantarflex

Inflammation and infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is termed:

cellulitis

A cystic mass located within the popliteal fossa is most likely a:

Baker cyst

What are the 3 clinical findings of tendonitis?

Pain, swelling, warm to the touch

A common mass found along the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist is the:

ganglion cyst

Normal muscle appears:

hypoechoic tissue that contains linear, echogenic strands

A complicated Baker cyst may contain a thin flap of tissue referred to as:

pannus

What causes a Baker's cyst?

trauma or rheumatoid arthritis

Phalen's sign is an indication for sonography of which joint?

wrist

Xanthomas are found in association with which tendon?

Achilles

Which of the following at the site of a foreign body may produce bright echoes and therefore cause some ambiguity about the correct orientation of the object?

Air

The Achilles tendon connects the:

heel to the calf muscle

What is a benign tumor comprised of blood vessels?

Hemangioma

What is a benign tumor comprised of fat?

Lipoma

The artifact that gives the sonographer incorrect information on the tendon's integrity due to the sound beam not being perpendicular to the central axis is called?

anisotrophy

The accumulation of synovial fluid from a weakening in the joint capsule of the knee, as seen in rheumatoid arthritis, can result in a:

baker cyst

Clinical findings of a Baker cyst may mimic those of a:

deep vein thrombosis

What are 4 characteristics of ganglion cysts?

dorsal aspect of hand and wrist, noncompressible, anechoic mass with acoustic enhancement, hard to the touch and painful, treated with injection of corticosteroids

Tendons sonographically appear as:

echogenic, fibrous structures connecting muscles to bone

With subluxation of the biceps tendon, the bicipital groove will appear:

empty

What is a clinical finding of a lipoma?

feel no pain in area of mass

A partial tear of a tendon appears as:

focal hypoechoic areas within a tendon

What are complications of a Baker's cyst?

infection, venous thrombosis, compression of venous structures causing calf swelling

Hyperemic flow within or around a structure is indicative of:

inflammation

Having the patient place their hand on the opposite shoulder helps to evaluate which rotator cuff tendon?

infraspinatus

What is the main nerve of interest in carpal tunnel syndrome?

median

What are 4 characteristics of foreign body sonography?

most foreign bodies are hyperechoic, linear-array, standoff pad, comet-tail artifacts posterior to metallic objects

Fluid within the synovial sheath is indicative of:

tendosynovitis

What position is best to evaluate the Achilles tendon?

prone

What describes the Thompson test?

Patient lies prone while calf is squeezed

What is a Baker's cyst?

collection of synovial fluid which is found in the medial aspect popliteal fossa

What is a double walled tubular structure surrounding some tendons?

synovial sheath

What are three symptoms rheumatoid arthritis can cause?

tendinosis, hyperemia, erosion