NCCAOM A&P Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron System (RAAS)

Angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II by which enzyme? -transferase enzyme -ACE enzyme -oxidoreductase enzyme -ADA enzyme

ACE

Angiotensin I is further broken down in the lungs by the _____ enzyme into angiotensin II. ACE Renin CCK hCG

ACE

The primary role of _____ is to regulate the balance of potassium, sodium, and water by affecting the absorption of all three in the kidneys. ACE Aldosterone Renin ADH

Aldosterone

Angiotensin I is converted into angiontensin II by ______ CCK ACE hCG hCS

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)

Renin is produced by the ____. Lungs Kidneys Liver Spleen

Kidneys

The _____ enzyme circulates in the blood stream and breaks down angiotensinogen secreted from the liver into angiotensin I ACE Renin CCK hCG

Renin

Aldosterone is made in the -pituitary gland -pineal -adrenal cortex -adrenal medulla

adrenal cortex (outer portion)

Angiotensin II stimulates the release of -histone deacetylase -aldosterone -ACE-enzyme -renin

aldosterone

Angiotensin II stimulates the secretion of the hormone angiotensinogen ACE aldosterone plasminogen activator inhibitor

aldosterone

angiotensin causes the adrenal cortex to release _____, which is a hormone known to increase thirst and reduce renal release of sodium, therefore increasing water retention. CCK hCG TSH aldosterone

aldosterone

Plasma renin carries out the conversion of angiotensinogen released by the liver to aldosterone ACE angiotensin I angiotensin II

angiotensin I

Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on -angiotensinogen -aldosterone -ACE -angiotensin II

angiotensinogen

Renin acts by cleaving _____, produced in the liver, to form angiotensin I; angiotensin I, in turn, is cleaved by ____ in the lung to form angiotensin II.

angiotensinogen, ACE

ARB inhibitors such as Micardis (telmisartan) and Diovan (alsartan) -prevents calcium from entering muscle cells of the HT and blood vessels -block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II -increase excretion of excess salt and fluid from the body -block angiotensin II from binding to angiotensin II receptor

block angiotensin II from binding to angiotensin II receptor by reducing the binding and activity of angiotensin II, ARB (angiotensin II receptor blockers) cause a widening of blood vessels and reduce blood pressure; most of the generic names of ARB inhibitors end in -rtan

ACE inhibitors such as Vaster (enalapril maleate) and Capoten (captopril) -increase excretion of excess salt and fluid from the body -block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II -block angiotensin II from binding to angiotensin II receptor -prevent calcium from entering the blood

block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Drugs that use angiotensin II inhibitors result in the reduction in -clotting time -fibrillation -blood pressure -peristalsis

blood pressure

angiotensin is capable of causing vasoconstriction, which in turn causes an increase in systemic ____ _______.

blood pressure

When you hear "renin-angiotensin system", you should think-

blood pressure regulation

ACE is found in the _____ throughout the body. lymph capillaries muscles bone marrow

capillaries

Angiotensin II causes blood vessels to -dilate -become porous -constrict -fibrillate

constrict extremely potent vasoconstrictor

Angiotensin is released and produced by the -liver -kidneys -adrenal cortex -lung

liver -angiotensinogen is a peptide produced by the liver -when angiotensinogen combines with renin the enzyme angiotensin is produced -angiotensin is a peptide found in the blood -peptides are compounds composed of two or more amino acids linked in a chain -angiotensin is capable of causing vasoconstriction, which in turn causes an increase in systemic blood pressure -angiotensin also causes the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, which is a hormone known to increase thirst and reduce renal release of sodium, therefore increasing water retention

Due to the high amounts of capillaries, the ______ have the highest concentration of ACE. liver kidneys spleen lung

lung

The secretion of renin is stimulated by all EXCEPT -norepinephrine released by sympathetic nerves -parasympathetic response -low blood sodium -decreased blood pressure

parasympathetic response

Aldosterone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water and sodium, while causing _____ to be excreted in exchange for the sodium. Potassium Iron CCK Electrolytes

potassium

when angiotensinogen combines with ______ the enzyme angiotensin is produced. thymosin TSH renin CCK

renin

When blood volume is low, cells in the kidneys -absorb potassium -absorb magnesium -secrete renin -secrete ACE

secrete renin

Aldosterone promotes -angiotensin release -urinary excretion -potassium retention -sodium retention

sodium retention