Nervous System IV

an intermediolateral gray horn may be found in spinal cord levels

T1-l2

Spinal nerves from spinal cord levels _____ through ______ remain segmental in nature. This means that the _______ (pleural of ramus) remain separate. Dorsal rami are shown in yellow and move toward the back. The ______ _______ do not form a plexus

T2 T12 ventral rami ventral rami

In the gray matter, there are ______ _____ _______ (containing sensory association neurons) and ________ _____ _______ contains motor neurons

dorsal gray horns ventral gray horns

The ______ _______ passes posteriorly and branches extensively to innervate the muscles and sin of the back. The ______ _______ passes outward to innervate the lateral and anterior aspects of the body wall

dorsal ramus ventral ramus

Each spinal serve immediately divides into a _____ ______ and a ______ _______ as they exit the interventrebral as they exit the intervertebral canal

dorsal ramus and ventral ramus

In the lumbar plexus L1-L4, what are the nerves

femoral nerves, obturator nerve

The ________ ________ is an extension of pia mater coming off the end of the spinal cord and anchoring the cord to the coccyx

film terminale

The spinal cord begins at the ______ (inferior opening into the skull) as a continuum of the medulla oblongata

foramen magnum

A ____ ______ links the two sides of the gray matter and contains the central canal of the spinal cord

gray commisure

What type of matter in the spinal cord is located internally in an H-Shaped or butterfly configuration

gray matter

Spinal nerves exit the final cord at each vertebral level via the

intervertebral foramen

The spinal cord ends between the _____ and ________ lumbar vertebrae

1st and second (L1/2)

There are __________ segments (pairs) of the spinal cord, each of which gives rise a pair of spinal cerves

31

There is one pair of spinal nerves per spinal cord level which equal how many pairs of spinal nerves

31

What are the 31 segments of the spinal cord

8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal

The cervical enlargement is what letters/numbers and gives rise to the brachial plexus that supplies the upper limb

C5-T1

_____ ______ a virus follows the path of a dermatome. The virus lies dormant in the spinal nerve ganglion and may be induced by stress/ low immune system. A series of blisters appears along the path of the dermatome

Herpes Zoster

The lumbar enlargement is what leters/numbers and forms the lumbosacral plexus that supplies the lower limb

L1-S4

Theses funiculi (anterior posterior and lateral) contain columns of fibers called _________ or _________ tracts

ascending or descending

What tract of the spinal cord takes sensory information to the brain for interoperation, and sensation is relayed to the brain by first, second, and third order neurons

ascending: sensory

What are the two tracts of the spinal cord

ascending:sensory descending: motor

The spinal nerves that supply regions below L2 extend downward through the dural sheath as the _______ _______ (horse's tail

cauda equina

A gray commissure links two sides of the gray matter and contains the _______ _____ of the spinal cord

central canal

There are 3 main plexuses of the spinal cord--eachd designed to bring multiple spinal cord levels into a single nerve. In each case, the dorsal rami remain segmental

cervical plexus (C1-C4) Brachial plexus ( C5-T1) Lumbosacral plexus (L1-S4)

In the spinal cord, there are two enlargements a ________ enlargement that gibes rise to the _______ _______ plexus supplying the upper limb, and a _______ _______ that forms the lumbosacral plexus supplying the lower limb.

cervical(C5-T1) brachial lumbar enlargement(L1-S4)

The spinal cord terminates at tapering end called the _____ _______ at what

conus medullaris L1/L2

The peripheral nervous system is made up of

cranial and spinal nerves

the what nerves in the peripheral nervous system arise from the brain

cranial nerves

Each spinal nerve( the right and left spinal nerves from each spinal cord level) innervates( supplies) a typical body segment of ________ with motor and sensory innervation. The body can be mapped into a series of dermatomes---each one supplied by a specific spinal nerve from a specific spinal cord level

dermatome

Together the dorsal and ventral rams on one side will innervate a C-shaped band of skin called a ___________

dermatome

The what tract of the spinal cord is responsible for taking motor information down to the spinal cord, and includes an upper and lower motor neuron to send the motor command to the effector muscles (voluntary muscles)

descending: motor

Each spinal nerve is formed by a _____ root and _______ root.

dorsal and ventral

What type of gray matter contains sensory association neurons

dorsal gray horns

Sensory and motor fibers cross in the ______, so the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa

medulla

The spinal cord has the same 3 ______ as the brain (dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater)

meninges

The ventral root carries _____ _______ from the CNS out to the peripheral aspects of the body. Therefore, it is an outgoing route- referred to as ________

motor fibers efferent

In the brachial plexus in C5- T1, what are the nerves

musculocutaneous axillary radial median ulnar

In other regions above T2 and below T12, the ventral rami may branch and anastomose with each other to form a _______(or web) This allows information from multiple spinal cord levels to enter a single nerve. The _____ ______ gets innervation from spinal cord levels ____ _____ _____

plexus phrenic nerve C3 C4 C5

The spinal cord periphery is composed of white matter and is divided into funiculi

posterior anterior and lateral

In the sacral plexus L4-S4, what are the nerves

pudendal nerve And the sciatic nerve composed of common fibular nerve and tibial nerve

The dorsal root carries _______ ________ from the periphery back to the spinal cord and is the therefore an incoming route, or afferent pathway

sensory fibers

the what nerves in the peripheral nervous system arise from the spinal cord. They originate from the spinal cord and serves as the connection from the CNS to the periphery

spinal nerves

The neuron cell body for this fiber is located in a swelling on the dorsal root- the _______ _______ (spinal/sensory) ganglion. Remember, if there are neuron cell bodies present in the PNS- it must be a ganglion

spinal/sensory

The functions of the spinal cord is it conduct impulses _____/_____ and a center for

up/down reflexes

What type of gray matter contains motor neurons

ventral gray horns

Regardless of whether the ______ ______ forms a plexus or not. The _____ _____ are never involved in a plexus formation and always remain segmental

ventral rami dorsal rami

The ______ _________ passes anterolaterally and gives off superficial branches _______ _______, and ______ _______ that will innervate the muscles and skin of the lateral and anterior aspects of the body wall

ventral ramus lateral cutaneous anterior cutaneous