NURS 200 APA Formatting

Common Refernce examples: Journal Article

Example 1 (doi number available) Aggarwal, A., Sharma, D. D., Kumar, R., & Sharma, R.C. (2010). Mutism as the presenting symptom: Three case reports and selective review of literature. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 32(1), 61-64. doi: 10.4103/0253-7176.70542

Common Refernce examples: Journal Article

Example 2 (no doi number available - use url) Swartz, S. L., Prevatt, F., & Proctor, B. E. (2005). A coaching intervention for college students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychology in the Schools, 42(6), 647-656. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/10.1002/pits

In-Text Citations: Basics

Excluding the introduction and concluding paragraphs, papers for this course will generally need at least 1 citation per paragraph

In-Text Citations: Basics

If all infor comes from one source, you may do 1 in-text citation at the end of the paragrpah

In-Text Citations: Basics

If you have a direct quotation from that same source within a paragraph, you must cite it at the end of the quotation (to reference the quotation) and again at the end of the paragraph to reference the rest of the information found in the paragraph.

Plagiarism: Definition

In an instructional setting, plagiarism occurs when a writer deliberately uses someone else's language, ideas, or other original (not common-knowledge) material without acknowledging its source.

Main Body (text)

Starts on page 3 (when abstract is required), Title is centered at the top, do not label the introduction as "Introduction"

What does APA regulate?

Stylistics, In-text citations, References

General Format of an APA Paper

Typed, double-spaced, standard-sized paper (8.5 x 11), 1 in. margins, 12 pt, Times New Roman, Include a page header (title) in the upper left hand of every page and a pg number in the right of every pg

In-text Citations: what do if no page number is available

(Use an abbreviated paragraph number) According to feminist researchers Raitt and Tate (1997), "It is no longer true to claim that women's responses to the war have been ignored" (para. 2).

In-Text Citations: Basics

*Don't cite each individual sentence unless you're bouncing back and forth between 2 or more sources

Common Refence Examples: Organization as an Author/Website

- Organization: Mayo Clinic -Refernce List: Mayo Clinic Staff. (2011). Heart failure. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-failure/DS00061/DSECTION=tests-and-diagnosis -In-text citation: (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011)

Strategieas for Making a Reference List

-Identify a type source: Book? Journal article? Webpage? -Find a sample of citing this type of source in the textbook, APA manual, or OWL APA guide -"Mirror" the sample -Only list references that have been cited in body of paper

In-text Citations: 3 or more Authors

-If three to five authors, identify all in first citation: (Harklau, Siegal, & Losey, 1999) -In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by et al., (Harklau et al., 1999) - 6 or more authors are followed by et al. (Smith et al., 2006)

Refernce page for using a specific chapter form a textbook

-You will have a different reference for each chapter that you use in any text -This example only has one author. If there is more than one author listed, you must list them according to APA

APA Stylistics

Do Not use contractions (can't - cannot, wouldn't - would not, didn't - did not)

Unreliable Web Sites for an APA Paper

1. .com 2. special-interest group 3. authors that have no clear credentials or professional affiliation 4. not endorsed by a reliable professional organization 5. includes not reference list or the references cited are not scholarly

References: Basics

1. Invert authors name (last name, intials) 2. Alphabetize refernce list entries by last name 3. Capitalize only the 1st letter of teh 1st word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in a title and proper nouns (do not capitalize the 1st letter of teh 2nd word in a hyphenated compound word)

APA Stylistics: AVOID

1. Over-quotation - do not lose your own voice 2. Incorrect/missing citations - Do not plagiarize! 3. Use of unreliable web sites

2 Primary formats for an in-text citation

A traumatic response frequently entails a "delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena" (Caruth, 1996, p.11).

APA Stylistics: Basics Abbreviations

All subsequent usage of the term should use the abbreviation exclusively. Ex. DM is a leading cause of kidney failure.

APA Stylistics

Always include the unit of measurement with every lab/VS in your patho Ex. 140-90 mmHg, 65 bpm

Refernce page for using a specific chapter form a textbook

Author, A.A., & Author, B.B. (year). Title of chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher

How to Find Acceptable Sources:

CINAHL - The cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Medline - a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information

2 Primary formats for an in-text citation

Caruth (1996) states that a traumatic response frequently entails a "delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena" (p. 11).

In-Text Citations: Basics

Do NOT quote directly unless you need the author's specific words *No more than 1 direct quote every 5 pgs in this course

In-text Citations: No Date Listed

Jones (n.d.) found that ... In reference list: Jones, A. (n.d.). "Life is good." Retrieved from ...

Refernce page for using a specific chapter form a textbook

Laskowski-Jones, L. (2007). Acute intracranial problems. In S.L. Lewis, M.M. Heitkemper, S.R. Dirksen, P. G.O`Brien, & L. Bucher (Eds.), Medical- surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (pp.1467-1501). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier

Plagiarism

Most current discussions of plaigiaism fail to disstinguish between: 1. submitting someone else's text as one's own 2. attempting to blur the line between one's own ideas 3. words and those borrowed from another source 4. carelessly or inadequately citing ideas and words borrowed from another source.

Common Refernce examples: Journal Article

No retreival dates are included in APA

In-text Citations: Basics

Only cite when you need to: don't cite general info such as hip fractures render pts immobile

APA Stylistics: Basics Abbreviations

The first time it appears in the main body of the paper it must be written out completely and followed immediately by its abbreviation in parenthesis Ex. Diabetes mellitus (DM) can result in a number of complications.

Plagiarism

This definition applies to texts published in print or on-line, ti manuscripts, and to the work of other student writers.

General Format of an APA Paper

Title page Abstract Body of Paper Refernces

APA Stylistics: Basics Abbreviations

Use abbreviations and symbols for metric and nonmetric units of measurement that are accompanied by numeric values Ex. The patient received 2 mg Stadol for pain.

APA Stylistics: Basics Abbreviations

Use abbreviations sparingly - only for terms used frequently thoughout the paper

APA Stylistics: Basic Numbers

Use figures to express numbers 10 and above and words to express numbers below 10 Ex. one - nine, 10,11,12, ect.

List of Acceptable References

cdc.gov mayoclinic.com nih.gov hopkinsmedicine.org heart.org nhlbi.nig.gov diabetes.org cancer.org clevelandclinic.org

Main Body (text)

type the text double spaced with all sections following each other without a break, Identify the sources you use in the paper in parenthetical in-text citations