Nursing 285

The nurse is providing education to an older adult client who has been prescribed tetracycline. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Increase your fluids to 2 L or more per day to prevent renal crystals."

The nurse is caring for four clients. For which client would the nurse question the health care provider's order of IV morphine?

A 78-year-old with osteoarthritis

The nurse is caring for several medical clients who have infections. For which client would the administration of a broad spectrum antibiotic be most appropriate?

A client with signs of infection who is awaiting the results of laboratory testing

A nurse is caring for a client with migraines. The prescriber orders subcutaneous sumatriptan. What type of treatment is this medication considered?

Abortive

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with migraine headaches. Which nursing intervention should be implemented during an acute headache?

Administer subcutaneous sumatriptan succinate (Imitrex).

What is a contraindication to receiving a fluoroquinolone?

Allergy to Cipro

Which of the following groups of antibiotics is notable for side effects such as nephrotoxocity and ototoxicity?

Aminoglycosides

Identify a reason a narcotic agonist may be prescribed?

Analgesia during anesthesia

The nurse is caring for a postoperative client taking an opioid medication for pain. The nurse assesses the client to have bradypnea and an oxygen saturation value of 90%. Which actions should the nurse perform before administering the ordered opioid antagonist?

Assess the client's other vital signs.

Which of the following would a nurse identify as being classified as a macrolide?

Azithromycin

Which of the following is a medication given alongside certain penicillins to prevent breakdown of the antibiotic?

Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors

The nurse has administered a dose of naloxone and the client's respiratory depression improved within five minutes. When the nurse reassessed the client two hours later, the client demonstrates symptoms of respiratory depression. Which action should the nurse perform next?

Call the provider as another dose of opioid antagonist may be necessary.

Which of the following groups of antibiotics has a beta-lactam ring in the molecular structure?

Carbapenems (Imipenem & Meropenem)

Which of the following best classifies penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?

Cell Wall Inhibitors

Which of the following groups of antibiotics has a beta-lactam ring in the molecular structure?

Cephalosporins

Which antibiotic binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and may result in gray baby syndrome?

Chloramphenicol

What H2 antagonist has been associated with antiandrogenic effects?

Cimetidine

Which antibiotic binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and could most likely result in the development of pseudomembranous colitis?

Clindamycin

What is an action of ergotamine

Decreases hyper fusion of basilar artery vascular bed

You are writing a plan of care for a patient receiving Cefaclor. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Deficient fluid volume and imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, related to diarrhea

A person presents at the clinic with complaints of insomnia and anxiety attacks. What drug might the physician order for this patient?

Desipramine

A client is diagnosed with an infectious process that is sensitive to penicillin. The client is allergic to penicillin, so the health care provider orders a drug with a similar antibacterial spectrum. The nurse anticipates that the provider will order what antibiotic?

Erythromycin

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Legionnaires disease. What medication would the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?

Erythromycin

What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient who is taking oxytocic

Excess fluid volume related to ergotism or water intoxication

True or False: Fertility drugs act by stimulating the pituitary to increase FSH and LH levels, leading to ovarian follicular development and maturation of ova.

False

True or false: There is a drug-drug interaction between the antipeptides and penicillin.

False

True or false: MAOIs are generally prescribed for people with depression who respond to safer drugs

False: Not generally indicated for treatment of the signs and symptoms of depression in patients

True or false: Because of the adverse effects of the aminoclycosides, it is important to teach the patient to restrict fluids and eat 6 small meals daily.

False: provide the following teaching: drink lots of fluids and maintain nutrition.

Which antibiotic class inhibits the bacterial enzyme topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV?

Fluoroquinolones

Compared with penicillins, cephalosporins more appropriate for treating infection by what type of microorganism?

Gram-negative bacteria

An 80-year-old client is diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection. What is a risk for the elderly population when being treated with INH?

Hepatotoxicity

The nurse is explaining to a client about the analgesic and its possible adverse effects. The client is receiving an opioid analgesic. What would be important to teach this client is a possible adverse effect of this drug?

Hypotension

A client is diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection. The nurse expects that the treatment plan will include which drug?

INH

Which antibiotic has only gram-positive coverage and may cause bone marrow suppression or peripheral neuropathy?

Linezolid

Which of the following groups of antibiotics best classifies aztreonam?

Monobactams

narrow vs broad spectrum antibiotics

Narrow spectrum antibiotics is effective against specific families of bacteria. Broad spectrum refers to an antibiotics that acts against a wide range of disease causing bacteria.

The pathophysiology of pain begins with a signal from what source?

Nociceptors

A client with burns has developed a wound infection. This client is experiencing what type of wound infection?

Opportunistic infection

Which of the following groups of antibiotics has a beta-lactam ring in the molecular structure?

Penicillins

What is an indication for the use of estrogen receptor modulators?

Postmenopasusal osteoporosis

Which of the following has been found to be as important as drug therapy when treating infections in the immunosuppressed?

Proper nutrition

Which of the following best classifies aminoglycosides, macrolides, and clindamycin?

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Drugs act in several ways on the secretions of the GI tract. Which action affects the GI secretions least?

Replaces secretions

Which assessment finding would support a client's report of migraine headaches?

Severe unilateral pulsating pain

Which antibiotic class disrupts folate metabolism in bacteria and is often combined with trimethoprim?

Sulfonamides

Photosensitivity and teeth discoloration in children are most likely side effects associated with which of the following?

Tetracyclines

A 30-year-old female client received an insect bite that has progressed to cellulitis over the past several days. What client characteristic should the nurse prioritize when administering anti-infectives?

The client is in the second trimester of pregnancy.

You are caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with a pseudomonas infection. You know that in deciding what medication to order for this patient the physician will take what into account?

The drug that causes the least complication

A client with an infection has not responded appreciably to antibiotic therapy, and the nurse suspects antibiotic resistance. What phenomenon is known to contribute to acquired antibiotic resistance?

The strongest microorganisms survive antibiotic treatment, while the weakest are eradicated

Like many other classes of drugs, anti-infective drugs can have a variety of adverse effects. What is the most common, potentially serious, adverse effect of antimicrobial drugs?

Toxic effects on the kidney

Identify one indicator for a narcotic antagonist to be prescribed?

Treatment of narcotic dependence

True or false: Sulfonamides should not be given with thiazide diuretics because of a cross sensitivity of the drugs.

True

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed a sulfonamide but does not have an infection. The nurse is aware that the medication has been prescribed to treat what condition?

Ulcerative Colitis

An immunocompromised patient in a critical care setting has developed a respiratory infection that has been attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should anticipate that the patient will require treatment with

Vancomycin

A female client tells the nurse that the first thing she does when she gets a headache is drink a caffeinated beverage. The nurse is aware that caffeine is known to decrease the pain of migraine headaches by what mechanism?

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Aminoglycoside antibiotics tend to collect in the eighth cranial nerve. The nurse would anticipate that which clinical manifestation may occur from the cranial nerve involvement?

Vertigo

What are classified as anti-infectives? (Select all that apply.)

anthelmintics antifungals antiprotozoals

Two types of antibiotics:

bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic

A client has been diagnosed with an infection. The nurse can help to ensure the success of anti-infective treatment by:

confirming that the medication prescribed is the drug of choice for the specific microorganism.

After teaching a group of students about antitubercular therapy, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students identify which drug as an antitubercular agent?

dapsone

What is an appropriate nursing diagnoses for a patient taking a urinary anti-infective?

disturbed sensory perception (kinesthetic, tactile, visual)

A 30-year-old client experiences migraines that appear closely linked to her menstrual cycle. What pharmacologic treatment is most specific to this client's particular experience of migraines?

estradiol

Signs of infection

fever, lethargy, slow-wave sleep induction, signs of inflammation

A client is receiving an aminoglycoside antibiotic for an infection. The nurse would monitor the client closely for:

hearing loss.

Define Bactericidal

kills bacteria directly

Gentamicin therapy is indicated in the treatment of what medical diagnosis?

osteomyelitis

prophylaxis

people traveling to an area where malaria is endemic, undergoing GI surgery , pts with known cardiac vavle disease

A client is to undergo extensive dental surgery. The dentist prescribes a course of antibiotics before beginning the procedure and continuing for 5 days after the procedure. This is an example of:

prophylaxis.

What type of drugs are used to treat UTI's

protect the cells of the bladder from irritation

A client has received a narcotic agonist for pain relief. The nurse should monitor the client for what?

pupil constriction.

What would a nurse least expect as an adverse reaction to anti-infective agents?

respiratory toxicity

Morphine, the prototype drug for opioid analgesics, is given for both acute and chronic pain. The patient's response to the drug depends on the:

route of administration.

Define bacteriostatic

those substances that prevent the growth of bacteria

True or false: An adverse effect of a bladder protectant is alopecia

true

In preparation for discharge, the nurse is teaching a client about the prescription for telithromycin. The nurse should instruct the client to contact a health care provider if the client experiences:

yellowing of the eyes or skin.