Nutri. Exam #2

The nurse is caring for a 90-year-old woman who is receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). The nurse will know to assess frequently for which of the possible complications of PN?

phlebitis

The client is being discharged home on a high-protein diet. The client asks the nurse what would be the best dessert to help increase intake of protein. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

pudding

The nurse is caring for a client with a paralytic ileus who has been on parenteral nutrition for 4 days. The nurse would know to monitor the client for which of the following?

refeeding

The nurse is teaching a nutrition class of nursing students regarding several different types of diets. Which of the following diets should the nurse discuss for clients who require adjusted sodium and potassium in the diet?

renal diet

When discussing the complications associated with obesity, the nurse should include which of the following? Select all that apply.

resp dysfunction dyslipidemia cholecystitis

A client has been instructed by a health-care provider to take liquid supplements. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse make to help the clients tolerate the supplement?

serve them cold

The nurse is admitting to the unit a client who is a 42-year-old female with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). While completing the admission assessment, the nurse finds out that this client is being treated for depression and has had little or no appetite for over a month. The nurse should include which of the following interventions in the client nutritional plan?

small frequent meals throughout the day

A client tells the nurse he is having difficulty finding a practical way to ensure he remains within the daily calorie limit that will promote weight loss. Which of the following tips will most likely help the client?

smaller plate for meals

The nurse is meeting with a client who currently has no health concerns and has a history of unsuccessful restrictive dieting for being overweight. The nurse knows the most effective way for the client to control weight and sustain good health is which of the following?

use a nondiet approach

The nurse is counseling a client recovering from a major burn trauma. She is about to be released to go home and finish her recovery. The physician has ordered a high-protein diet for her at home, and the nurse is teaching her methods of increasing protein density in her diet. What would be the best method for this client to increase the protein density in her diet?

use double-strength milk

When planning treatment with a client with obesity, it is important for the nurse to include which of the following behavior modification techniques?

using a small plate

The nurse is helping a client try to understand why the family is now putting on weight after a recent move from another country. The nurse suggests which of the following may be contributing to this problem?

weight gain is dependent on obesogenic environment

A client has been working with the nurse to improve her diet and lose weight. When assisting the client create a meal plan, the client requires a dairy source that is relatively low in carbohydrates in order to include more whole grains. Which of the following foods should be included?

whole milk, 8oz.

The nurse is conducting client education with a client recovering from major trauma and his wife before he is discharged from the hospital. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is being recommended to optimize the client's recovery. The nurse should suggest which of the following as a high-protein snack?

yogurt

A pediatric nurse is often asked by parents what they can do to reduce the risk of cavities in their children's teeth. Which of the following would be the best response?

"A good way is to limit between-meal snacking on carbohydrates, including soft drinks."

A client tells the nurse that after a meal, she sometimes feels briefly lethargic, but it resolves and she has normal energy levels again. The nurse can best explain this phenomenon by making which of the following statements?

"After you eat a meal, your body has a slight drop in your blood sugar which causes your body to release glucagon, restoring your energy to normal levels."

The nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative day 2 after oral surgery. The client asks why he needs a mechanically altered diet. What is the nurses' best response?

"It is a diet that contains foods that are altered from their natural consistency so it is easier to chew and swallow them."

The nurse is caring for a 21-year-old female with burns that cover more than 20% of her total body surface area (TBSA). The client's parents ask why the client is being fed by a nasogastric tube (NG). Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

"We need to get a lot of calories and nutrients into your daughter to help her heal, and this is the best way to do that."

The nurse is conducting teaching with a client who has recently been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. The client asks the nurse what the underlying issue is for the behavior associated with this eating disorder. What would be the best response?

"the cause is unique...

The nurse is reviewing the nutrition orders for a newly admitted client with pneumonia. The client requires restriction of fluids. The nurse anticipates what type of enteral feed will be ordered for this client?

....500cal...

The nurse is a member of a panel discussing the optimal type of weight loss diet. When the panel members ask the audience what the most important thing to remember about weight loss is, which of the following responses indicates the discussion was effective?

....dependent on amount of calories consumed

As the nurse caring for a client with an 18% burns over the total body surface area (TBSA), how many grams of protein per kilogram of body weight should his diet provide?

1.5-2g

The nurse has assessed a 28-year-old female client as being at risk for having an unrealistic weight loss goal. The nurse should correctly inform the client that a realistic caloric intake for her is which of the following?

1200-1500cal/day

The nurse is counseling a male client with a BMI of 31.8 about decreasing his caloric intake. What would be the best level of caloric intake for this client?

1200-1600cal/day

The client is a 32-year-old, well-developed, well-nourished female who was struck by a car while jogging. She has been admitted to the ICU. The nurse has determined she weighs 115 pounds. What will be her recommended calorie intake using the simple equation?

1300-1500cal

The nurse is admitting a critical client to the ICU. During the nutrition assessment, the nurse uses a simple method for estimating the client's total calorie needs based on his weight of 60 kg and the fact that he is not obese. Approximately how many calories would this client require?

1500-1800cal

The nurse is admitting an 18-year-old male to the ICU following a motor vehicle accident. The client is currently receiving IV fluids with no nutrition until the client is stabilized. When should this client start on nutritional support?

24-48 hrs

When providing nutrition therapy for a client who has a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, which lunch would be best for an 18-year-old client who is being treated for bulimia?

3oz swordfish.....

The nurse is suggesting a 1400 cal/day plan for a client who wants to lose weight. In choosing the balanced diet, which of the following foods can the client intake daily? Select all that apply.

5 oz grilled chicken breast Correct answer 2 bunches of leafy greens Correct answer 5 tsp olive oil

The nurse is helping a client weight loss through calorie deficit. The nurse is correct in telling the client she needs a deficit of how many calories per day to produce a 1-pound weight loss per week?

500cal

The American Heart Association (AHA) recommended which of the following limits of added sugar intake for adults to help prevent disease?

6 teaspoonfuls for women; 9 teaspoonfuls for men

The nurse works on a burn unit and is admitting a 16-year-old female who weighs 50 kg. She has severe burns covering 65% of total body surface area. A high-protein diet is ordered. The dietitian figures the client's calorie and protein needs and orders approximately how many grams of protein per day?

75-100g

The nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative. The client is prescribed a clear liquid diet. When asked about nutritional quality of this type of diet, the nurse can tell the client the diet contains a good source of which of the following vitamins?

C

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrates is based on the minimum amount of glucose used to fuel the brain. Compare this with the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR). What is the suggested carbohydrate intake put forth by the AMDR?

Carbohydrates should make up 45% to 65% of total dietary calories

While discussing fiber intake with a client, the nurse should promote increasing this nutrient in the diet for which of the following reasons? Select all that apply.

Decrease the risk of colon cancer Lower body weight

On ways to increase fiber intake, which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to a client with a diagnosis of chronic constipation?

Eat legumes two or three times per week.

Evidence suggests that enteral nutrition (EN) is superior to parenteral nutrition (PN) and will impact client mortality among the critically ill in the ICU. Early EN has been noted to do which of the following? Select all that apply.

Lessen disease severity Modulate inflammatory responses Maintain the integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa

The client is a 38-year-old male who is critically ill. The client's appetite remains low. He is afraid of gaining too much weight. Which of the following would be an example of an appropriate meal for this client?

Omelet with ham, cheese, mushroom, and spinach; whole wheat toast with butter and jelly; and milk and coffee with whipped cream

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an eating disorder where nutritional counseling focuses on identifying and correcting food misinformation and fears. Which of the following is true about bulimia? Select all that apply.

People with bulimia recognize the behavior is abnormal. Correct answer People with bulimia lack of sense of control over eating. Correct answer People with bulimia experience weight fluctuations and tend to be of normal or slightly above normal weight.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been on parenteral nutrition (PN) for 5 days. Which of the following are possible side effects of PN that will require immediate attention? Select all that apply.

Shortness of breath Correct answer Elevated temperature Correct answer Drop in blood glucose levels Correct answer Tightness of chest Correct answer Jaundice

The nurse is discussing enteral and parenteral nutrition with a class of graduate nurses. They are asked to devise an appropriate feeding schedule for a client on gastric enteral nutrition. Which of the following would be expected to be seen on their feeding schedule?

Start feeding at 10 to 40 mL/hour and advance by 10 to 20 mL/hour every 3 to 12 hours until the maximum rate of 125 mL/hour is reached.

A client in a nutrition class is concerned about constipation and not having enough fiber in his diet. What would be the best response to this client to increase fiber intake?

Substitute legumes for meat protein sources

The nurse is teaching the family members of the client about the pureed diet the client will need to follow while his jaw is wired as he heals from a broken jaw. Which of the following recommendations will be important to include in the discussion? Select all that apply.

Use broth, cheese, milk, or tomato sauce instead of water for blenderizing the food. Correct answer All foods should be smooth and not chunky. Correct answer All foods are allowed if liquefied

The client is a 50-year-old male with cancer, who has been losing weight. The nurse suggests the client eat which of the following to increase his calorie intake

add butter to hot foods

The wife of a 69-year-old gentleman recovering from sepsis is frustrated her husband won't eat enough. She has been trying to feed him frequent small meals but he says he isn't hungry. Which of the following suggestions can the nurse make to increase his protein intake? Select all that apply.

add skim milk to milk Add chopped eggs to casseroles. Melt cheese on sandwiches, hot vegetables, and potatoes

When providing discharge teaching to a client recovering from a burn injury, which of the following should the nurse encourage to increase nutritional density of food?

adding whole milk...

The nurse is preparing a client for discharge who was admitted for pneumonia. The nurse is providing the client with strategies to increase his calorie intake at home. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

avoid gassy foods. limit "empty" liquids Try high-calorie, high-protein nutrition formulas

When treating a client for anorexia nervosa (AN), it is important to know what diet interventions work best. Which diet interventions are appropriate for clients with anorexia nervosa? Select all that apply.

avoiding caffeine intake Providing small, frequent feedings Correct answer Supplement with vitamins and minerals

Diarrhea can be a complication of tube feeding. What may contribute to the complication of diarrhea in a tube-fed client? Select all that apply.

bacterial contamination rapid feeding rate infusion of cold formula

The nurse recognizes her client who has recently lost a lot of weight is at risk for refeeding syndrome. Which of the following will be important to monitor in this client?

blood glucose levels

A client who is trying to reduce his blood pressure to prevent further cardiovascular risk is seeing the clinic nurse to plan his weight loss. Which of the following information should the nurse share with the client to keep the client motivated?

bp can imporve 5%....

Of the following, what food would the nurse recommend to a client that may help prevent constipation?

brown rice

Refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal complication that can occur in critically ill clients. The nurse recognizes the seriousness of this complication as it can affect clients due to which of the following?

carb reintro.

The local community center is offering a class for clients with a BMI greater than 35. The community center plans to provide a selection of foods to create nutritional menu plans for a 3-day period. One of the criteria for the nutritional menu is to include a whole-grain food at least two times a day. Which of the following is an example of a whole-grain food?

cheerios

A client admitted to hospital with motor vehicle accident trauma is being discharged home to complete recovery. The diet that has been ordered is a high-calorie, high-protein diet in small frequent meals throughout the day. What would be the best sample menu for lunch for this client?

chicken salad...

The nurse is caring for a 68-year-old male client who is receiving enteral nutrition (EN). The nurse is aware there is an increased risk for refeeding syndrome in this client due to which of the following conditions noted in his past medical history?

chronic alcoholism

The nurse is providing education to the family members of a client who is receiving a standard enteral formula. The nurse knows this formula is suitable for this client for which of the following reasons?

client was on bowel rest

Partially hydrolyzed formulas are made for people with impaired digestion or absorption. A client with which of the following deficiencies would be a suitable candidate for this type of formula?

client who cannot break down whole proteins

The nurse has a client who is receiving her nourishment via a transnasal tube. The client is receiving an intact formula. The nurse is aware that his client is receiving which of the following?

complex molecules of a protein

Which of the following changes in metabolic processes should indicate to the nurse that a client's hormone levels are declining?

decr in serum glucose levels

Research consistently demonstrates that sugar is implicated in the development of which of the following health complications?

dental cares

When explaining to the family members of a client who requires parenteral nutrition (PN) why the client requires a central venous catheter, what can the nurse tell the family is the difference between peripheral and central vein (PN)?

dextrose content greater than 10%

The nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving a hypertonic enteral formula. Which of the following side effects from this type of formula should the nurse anticipate?

diarrhea

The National Academy of Sciences has put forth a recommendation to replace the terms "insoluble" and "soluble" with terms more descriptive of the physiologic benefits of particular fibers. What term has been suggested for intact and naturally occurring plant fiber?

dietary fiber

The nurse knows that refeeding syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication that can result from parenteral nutrition for which of the following reasons?

drawing out electrolyets from bloodstream

A nurse is conducting a weight management class at a local clinic for clients who have lost weight and are now trying to maintain a healthy BMI. Which of the following statements indicate the class understands the guidelines?

eat 2 or more servings of whole grains a day

Intravenous fat or lipids are usually given separately from parenteral nutrition (PN). What allergy would make lipids contraindicated in a client?

egg

A student in the nutrition class is giving a report on "Promoting Exercise Adherence in Obese Clients." What strategy would be expected to be included in the report?

find creative ways to workout at home

The nurse educator is teaching a class of nursing students about diet adherence in the obese client. The students are given an assignment to break into groups and make a list of strategies that can be used to encourage clients to adhere to their diets. In order to determine that teaching was effective, which strategy should be on every list?

give the client preprinted menus

The nurse is planning to teach a group of clients how to read nutritional labels to enable them to make informed choices. The nurse plans to include information about the various names that are used to identify sugars that are found in fruit, such as dextrose. What is dextrose also known as?

glucose

Which of the following forms of carbohydrates is not found in an excreted end product of the human body?

glucose

The nurse is aware there is a gradual increase in the infusion rate for parental nutrition because a rapid change may lead to which of the following?

glucose level change

The nurse is caring for a 33-year-old female who was in a motor vehicle accident. She is in the stress response phase. Which amino acid is depleted rapidly during stress?

glutamine

When providing nutritional teaching to a group of clients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse should introduce which tool as the most helpful developing an effective meal planning?

glycemic index

A nurse is seeing a client in a weight loss clinic who asks what she can add to her diet to help her feel fuller and better able to stick to a low-calorie regimen. Which of the following foods would be best for the nurse to recommend?

grilled chicken breast

The nurse can anticipate which of the following eating strategies may be effective for clients with bulimia nervosa?

has meal plan at start of each day

If a client is overweight or obese, setting the goal of reaching the "ideal" weight may be very hard to accomplish. To achieve health benefits from weight loss, how much weight does an individual actually have to lose?

health benefits can only be recognized with only a modest weight loss

The nurse is admitting to the unit a client who is a 42-year-old female with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Her orders include enteral nutrition. What kind of enteral formula would the nurse expect to be ordered by the physician?

hydrolyzed

The nurse is providing education to families about identifying signs of an eating disorder. The nurse should include which of the following physical symptoms when discussing anorexia? Select all that apply.

hypotension Amenorrhea Anemia

When considering the rationale for an order for a hydrolyzed formula for a client taking enteral feeds, the nurse knows the client requires this formula because the client has which of the following?

impiared dgestion/bsorption

The nurse at an eating disorders clinic should work with a client who has been diagnosed with anorexia to focus of nutrition therapy goals on which of the following?

incr total calorie number

When family members of a client who is receiving trophic enteral feeding ask why the client is being underfed, which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

it decrease the amount...

Refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal complication of overfeeding. For which of the following reasons should the nurse anticipate the signs of refeeding in clients receiving nutrition therapy?

it may result in dangerous shifts

Commercially prepared liquid formulas are often used to supplement other oral diets. When providing client education, the nurse should tell the client that one of the characteristics of commercially prepared routine liquid supplements is which of the following?

lactose free

The nurse is working with a group of clients in a weight loss clinic. One client asks if he is obese because it is part of his genetic makeup. Which of the following is the best way for the nurse to respond?

lifestyle and environment along...

The nurse knows clear liquid diets are advanced to soft diets as the nutritional approach after surgery. When determining what does the scientific evidence show about this practice, what information will the nurse find?

little scientific evidence

Transnasal, or nasogastric (NG), feeding would be most appropriate for which client?

middle aged man...

The nurse knows research studies have shown which of the following about enteral nutrition?

no impact on length of hospital stay

When bodily energy needs are met, excess glucose is utilized to make which of the following?

nonessential amino acids

Which of the following is an indication for use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in a client?

nonfunctional GI tract

The nurse is conducting an educational session about overweight and obesity. When discussing the complications associated with obesity, which of the following should the nurse be certain to include?

obstructive sleep apnea

A person's body mass index (BMI) provides data regarding the relative level of health associated with a person's weight range. Someone with a BMI of 25 would be considered which of the following?

overweight