nutrition ch. 1-2

a serving of food supplies 100 kcal from protein. Based on this information, how many grams of protein are in the serving ?

25

which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving?

4oz chocolate doughnut

a serving of food contains 50g carbohydrates, 8g protein, 5g of fat, 5mg vitamin C and 100ml of water. Based on this information a serving of this food supplies ____kcal.

50g*4=200kcal 8g*4 =32kcal 5g*9 =45kcal =277kcal

a popular women's magazine has an article about the health benefits of consuming calcium-rich foods. if the article's author has the credentials ____ after his name the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information

R.D.

which of the following nutrients is not a source of energy?

Vitamin D

a positive correlation is an example of _________

a group of 6 yr old children increase their physical activity level to 60 min a day, the percentage of the children in the gruop who lose excess body fat increases.

zack takes 500mg of vitamin C daily. he advises his friend to take vitamin C supplements because, he claims, the vitamin protects him from cold viruses. his claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an ________

anecdote

Men's journal and family circle may be unreliable source of nutrition information because ________

articles in such popular magazine generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published

which nutrient is a micronutrient?

calcium

_______ is an example of an "empty-calorie" food

candy bar

generally, epidemiological studies

cannot prove cause and effect relationships

scientist study 200 adults who have type 2 diabetes and 200 adults who have similar characteristics but don't have the disease. for 18 months, the reaserchers collect lifestyle information on all the study participants. according to the study findings, the adults with type 2 diabetes were 25% less physically active than their counterparts who did not have type 2 diabetes. this is an example of a(n) _______ study

case-control

having a control group enables researchers to

compare findings of a non treatment group with those of a treatment group

a magazine advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50lbs in 3 wks while taking the product. the bottom of the ad includes a statement, "results are not typical" this statement is an example of a _________

disclaimer

scientists conduct a study in which 100 adults with chronic diarrhea are divided into 2 groups of 50 people. one group is given a supply of yogurt that contains a certain kind of bacteria and the other group is given yogurt that is bacteria free. the study's participants and researchers do not know which group of subjects has the bacteria in the yogurt and which group does not. this is an example of a______study

double-blind

scientists in a central american country are studying factors that may be associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income children. the children live in a region of the nation that has high levels of lead in drinking water. this study is an example of a(an) ________ study

epidemiological

a serving of food supplies 25g carbohydrate, 15g fat, 18g protein, and 100g water. which of the following statement is true about a serving of the food ?

fat provides the most food enegry

which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?

fat-free milk

a persons ______ is NOT a major influence for his or her food selection practices

gender

which of the following substance is NOT a macronutrient?

iron

the energy value of a tomato is reported as a number of _______

kilocalories

which of the following foods is NOT a source of phytochemicals?

lean meat

phil takes supplements that supply 1000 mg of vitamin C three times a day. The recommended amount of vitamin C is 90 mg/day. his daily vitamin C intake is an example of a________

megadose

an essential nutrient

must be supplied by the diet

a scientist thinks she has discovered a new nutrient for human, because this substance is __________

needed for the normal growth and maintenance of human cells

researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. the study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subject and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredient to another group of people. the pills that do not contain the vitamin are

placebos

over a 2yr period a team of scientists recorded the eating behavior and physical activity patterns of a group of 100 healthy 8yr old children to determine whether these are associated with weight gain. at the end of the study period, the scientists analyze the data for correlations between the childrens dietary and activity pattens and weight gained during the 2 yr period. this study is an example of a(n) ______ study.

prospective

a person claims his newly invent device treats cancer without surgery, medication or other form of conventional medical therapy. however people who have used the device report that it was not helpful, and it may have harmed them. according to this information, the inventor's claim and his device are _______

quackery

bonita is a biochemist for a manufacturer that uses tomato seed extract to make dietary supplement. according to the results of her research, people who take the dietary supplements do not report a reduction in the number of upper respiratory tract infections they experience, including the common cold. however bonitas boss does not encourage her to publish the findings in scientific literature because he is interested in developing this product. the boss's lack of enthusiasm for spreading the news about bonitas research is an example of _______

research bias

a group of scientists that certain dietary practices are partially responsible for different rates of hypertension among different ethnic/racial groups. to test their hypothesis, the researchers examine data concerning the different population groups' hypertension rates and their past dietary practices. this research is a(n) _______ study

retrospective

according to numerous scientific studies, low levels of physical activity are associated with increased chances of developing excess body fat and type 2 diabetes. Thus, physical inactivity is _________ for developing excess body fat and type 2 diabetes

risk factor

actress lotta talent appears in commercials endorsing the herbal supplement hoddia for weight loss. her endorsement is an example of a _______

testimonial

an advertisement for a weight loss product includes "red flags" like ______, indicating that the ad is an unreliable source of nutrition information and the product is likely to be worthless

the statements that individual results may vary, promises a quick and easy path to weight loss, vague meaningless terms

true of false. most naturally occurring foods contain more than one nutrient

true

true of false. when members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products, their risk of bone fractures decreases

true

true or false. a diet that has a variety contains many different kinds of nutritious foods

true

true or false. before scientist begin their research, they develop a hypothesis to guide their study

true

which of the following conditions is NOT a leading cause of death in the United States?

tuberculosis

which nutrient is the most essential for life?

water