Nutrition- chapter 7 study guide

What would you recommend to someone who wants to make sure her intake is close to the RDA for all vitami

Eat a variety of all food groups daily.

Which vitamins work with vitamin K and vitamin B6 to maintain blood health?

Folate and B12

Michael is a young business systems analyst who avoids fried foods and fast food, drinks only black coffee and water,consumes one alcoholic drink on occasion, uses olive oil when preparing meals, and gets 8 to 10 servings of fruits andvegetables each day. Is there anything that Michael needs to do to decrease his cancer ris

Incorporate regular physical activity

What vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness?

Vitamin A

The vitamin most intensively involved in protein metabolism is ___

Vitamin B6

An elderly individual who cannot leave the house is at risk of a ______ deficienc

Vitamin D

Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin E

Which vitamin works with vitamin C to squelch free radicals before they injure the bod

Vitamin E

Newborns are given an injection of _____ to prevent the possibility of a life-threatening hemorrha

Vitamin K

______ plays a key role in blood clotting

Vitamin K

________ can be synthesized by good bacteria in the intestinal tract.

Vitamin K

Choline is ____.

a conditionally essential nutrient

Which of the following is not noted as a group that may benefit from taking a multivitamin-mineral supplement underguidance of a physician or dietitian?

a person approaching age 65

A general function of vitamin C is its action as a(n) ____

antioxidant

The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a(n) ___

antioxidant

Phytochemicals have several different modes of action. Those with ____ protect cells from dama

antioxidant properties

Because ____ are widespread in foods, people who eat a varied diet are not at risk for deficiencies of these vitamins.

biotin and pantothenic acid

Donna can lower her risk of skin cancer by consuming foods high in beta-carotene such as ____

cantaloupe

What factor is classified as a cancer initiator?

cigarette smoke

Vitamin A toxicity is most likely to occur from ____

consuming high-dose vitamin A supplements

What recommendation helps minimize the loss of vitamins that can occur as a result of improper food handlin

cook vegetables in a microwave oven in as little water as possible

High intakes of B6, B12, and folate are associated with higher levels of homocysteine and a lower risk of blood clotformation.

false

Human population studies overwhelmingly confirm the association between breast cancer and dietary fat intake.

false

Multi-vitamin tablet overdoses are one of the top causes of accidental death in youngsters

false

Research has proven that the common cold can be prevented by increasing intake of Vitamin C.

false

Risk factors for colon cancer include a high fiber intake and low red meat intake

false

Some of the vitamins serve as sources of energy

false

Taken regularly, vitamin supplements are the best way to obtain balanced nutrition.

false

Vegetables in the cruciferous family include carrots, sweet potatoes, and corn

false

Vitamin A is water soluble and found in the non-fat part of the milk

false

Vitamin K and B6 play key roles in the formation of healthy red blood cells

false

Vitamin supplements can help reduce stress, decrease fatigue, and increase energy.

false

Water-soluble vitamins are more stable during preparation and cooking than fat-soluble vitamins.

false

When purchasing a vitamin and mineral supplement, look for one that contains at least 150 percent of the Daily Valuefor each nutrient.

false

The replacement of red blood cells depends most heavily on ___

folate

A reliable source of vitamin D in the diet is ____

fortified milk

vitamin e is _______.

found mostly in vegetable oils

Toxic compounds created in the body that may contribute to certain chronic diseases are called _______

free radicals

Which food group is the best source of vitamin C

fruit group

Folic acid is added to ____ in order to reduce the incidence of neural tube defec

grain products

What factor is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer

high intake of calories

Individuals who ________ are at high risk for a deficiency of vitamin B12.

lack intrinsic factor

The National Cancer Institute estimates that about 85 percent of all cancers are associated with ____.

lifestyle factors & environmental exposure

All women of child-bearing age are advised to get adequate folate to prevent cases of ___

neural tube defects

Strict vegetarians are at risk of developing a vitamin B12 deficiency because ____.

only animal foods contain sufficient amounts of the vitami

______ is the vitamin D deficiency disease in adult

osteomalacia

_______ is the deficiency disease associated with niaci

pellagra

What is not a factor that one should consider when choosing a supplement to purchase?

price

Which of the following is not a task that vitamins perform in the body

provide energy

Milk is sold in protective cardboard or opaque plastic containers rather than in transparent glass bottles to minimizethe loss of ____.

riboflavin

At her sister's summer barbeque, Donna looks over the meats on the table to decide which meat to choose. In lieu other concerns about cancer risk, what meat would be her best choice?

roasted turkey

The effects of a deficiency of vitamin D are most readily observed in the ____.

skeletal system

Isoflavones are phytochemicals found in ____

soy products

Excesses of the fat-soluble vitamins are ____

stored in the liver and in body fat

The main function of vitamin D is ____

supporting bone mineralization

Which food is a good source of the vitamin A precursor, beta-carotene

sweet potatoes

______ can lead to a deficiency in vitamin K.

taking antibiotics

High blood levels of homocysteine ____.

tend to be associated with low blood levels of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate

One of the functions of vitamin C in the body is ______

to function in collagen formation

Lycopene, found in ____, may help reduce the risk of ___

tomatoes; prostate cancer

Because excesses are stored in the liver and fatty tissues, it is possible for megadoses of fat-soluble vitamins to build upto toxic levels

true

Excluding an entire food group may lead to vitamin deficiencies over time

true

Herbal supplements are unregulated and possibly unsafe.

true

Low vitamin K blood levels are associated with a higher risk of hip fractures in older women.

true

Phytochemicals in food are superior to the phytochemicals found in supplements

true

Regular consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables such as beta-carotene may delay may prevent or delay maculardegeneration

true

Research suggests that diet may play a role in initiating cancer, speeding its development, or preventing cancer

true

The Vitamins C, D, and K are all actively involved in bone health and maintenance.

true

The disease pellagra is characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, and, in severe cases, dementia.

true

The primary function of vitamin D is the regulation of the use of calcium and phosphorus within the body

true

Vegetarians have a lower risk of developing cancer.

true

Vitamins promote growth and reproduction and help maintain health.

true

When the diet contains an adequate amount of protein, the body can synthesize niacin from the amino acid __

tryptophan

Riboflavin is destroyed by ____

ultraviolet light

The body can store as much as a _____ supply of vitamin A in the body.

1 year

_______ is the vitamin D deficiency in children.

Rickets

What food is an unlikely source of beta-carotene

Romaine Lettuce

Which statement best describes B vitamins

B vitamins become part of coenzymes

The inability of the stomach to produce enough acid can lead to a _____ deficiency

B12

Donna read that cruciferous vegetables may reduce the incidence of cancer at several sites. Which dish is a goodsource of a cruciferous vegetable?

Broccoli Slaw

What vitamin has been shown to reduce LDL-cholesterol and raise HDL-cholesterol when taken in doses 10 to 15 times the RDA?

Niacin

Which herb is mismatched with its purported use?

Psyllium- improves memory

Donna is surprised to learn that despite a family history of cancer, there is still a lot she can do to prevent cancer and lower her risk. Which is not a lifestyle behavior that can reduce her cancer risk

don't worry about energy intake

Thiamin is involved in ____.

energy release from carbohydrates

Excess intake of water-soluble vitamins are typically ____

excreted in the urine

A deficiency in Vitamin B12 is due to inadequate intake of the vitamin.

false

A diet low in fat-soluble vitamins will result in a more rapid onset of deficiency symptoms than one low in water-soluble vitamins.

false

Beta-carotene found in many animal sources is a precursor to vitamin A

false

Excessive sun exposure can cause vitamin D toxicity.

false