Nutrition Course

1° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 2° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 10° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 15° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

nutrient content claim.

A claim on a food product that directly, or by implication, characterizes the level of a nutrient in food is known as a food fact. nutrient fact. food content claim. nutrient content claim.

low in fat

A client is at most risk for malabsorption of vitamin K on what type of diet? low in fat high in fat low in fiber high in fiber

hypoglycemia.

A client with low blood sugar levels is correctly identified as having hyperglycemia. hypoglycemia. hyperkalemia. hypokalemia.

dehydration.

A darker urine pigmentation is typically indicative of under hydration. dehydration. hyperhydration. hypohydration.

Physical goal

A goal of losing ten pounds in six weeks is an example of which type of goal? Health goal Physical goal Behavior goal Performance goal

sodium.

A healthy eating pattern should be low in added sugars, saturated fats, and iodine. sodium. cholesterol. carbohydrate.

accountability.

A major benefit of group coaching is logistics. accountability. the need for more detailed information. the ability to charge clients more for services.

call to action.

A marketing statement that demands an immediate response from a recipient is known as a teaser. hashtag call. call to action. response tag.

clinical nutritionist.

A nutritionist who works in medical and long-term health care facilities is known as a clinical dietician. clinical nutritionist. medical nutritionist. nutritional consultant.

lipid bilayer.

A thin polar membrane made of pairs of lipid molecules, is known as a(n) organelle. lipid bilayer. phospholipid. globular protein.

multivitamin.

A vitamin supplement containing two or more compounds is called a multivitamin. complex supplement. compound supplement. multi-dose supplement.

required major allergens.

According to FDA regulations, the information panel must contain specific information, including product brand name. net quantity of contents. required major allergens. claims and product features.

8 percent

According to research, what percentage of employees self-report exercise in companies with corporate wellness programs? 8 percent 10 percent 13 percent 20 percent

double-sided reflection

Acknowledging what a client has said, but then restating contrary statements the client has said in the past, is known as shifting focus. simple reflection. amplified reflection. double-sided reflection.

Saturated

An individual is more prone to obesity with a diet high in what type of fat? Saturated Unsaturated Polyunsaturated Monounsaturated

purpose.

An individual's goal or fixed intention is referred to as his path. desire. purpose. motivation.

Eggs and food with egg as ingredients

An ovo-vegetarian will consume which types of foods? Only dairy products Only plant-based products Lean meats and plant-based foods Eggs and food with egg as ingredients

testosterone

Andropause, also referred to as male menopause is a symptom associated with low levels of estradiol. testosterone. pregnenolone. dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

health claim.

Any claim that states, suggests, or implies a relationship between a food and a constituent of health, is referred to as a health fact. health claim. food-health claim. health statement.

disordered eating.

Any irregular eating behavior, such as binge eating, purging, starvation, self-denial, and obsession is considered disordered eating. an eating disorder. psychological eating. an emotional disorder.

Liver

ApoE is responsible for the reabsorption of lipids into what tissue? Liver Muscle Intestine Blood vessels

70 percent

Approximately what percentage of a cell's mass is comprised of water? 25 percent 50 percent 70 percent 90 percent

4-6%

Approximately what percentage of body weight consists of minerals? 1-3% 4-6% 8-12% 16-20%

Less than 10 percent

Calories from saturated and trans fats should be limited to what percent of daily calories? Less than 5 percent Less than 10 percent No more than 15 percent No more than 20 percent

Vitamin D

Cholesterol is needed in the synthesis of what vitamin? Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K

10 to 15 percent.

Clinical studies following individuals on low-energy diets (LED) and very low-energy diets (VLED) found bodyweight reductions of 2 to 3percent. 5 to 8 percent. 10 to 15 percent. 20 to 25 percent.

objective data.

Data collected through observations and actual data, not opinions, is called real data. objective data. subjective data. goal driven data.

Action stage

During which stage of change can coaches use incentives and penalties to maintain change? Action stage Preparation stage Maintenance stage Motivational stage

Affirmation and validation

Emphasizing past experiences, helping clients remember their strengths successes, and ability to progress is an example of which motivational interviewing strategy? Summarize Reflective Listening Affirmation and validation Uncovering and addressing ambivalence

columnar.

Epithelial cells can be classified as squamous, cuboidal, or columnar. pyramidal. cylindrical. epidermal.

Triglycerides

Excess energy is stored in adipose tissue in what form? Glycogen Cholesterol Chylomicron Triglycerides

religious considerations.

Factors affecting a person's access to food, food selections and the way they consume foods include: cultural, economic, and age. gender. health status. religious considerations.

medical foods.

Foods intended to be ingested under the supervision of a physician for specific dietary management of a disease or condition are known as clinical foods. medical foods. essential foods. specialty dietary foods.

functional foods

Foods selected, produced, or consumed for reasons beyond calorie and nutrient content are referred to as clinical foods. essential foods. functional foods. non-essential foods.

damage to cells.

Free radicals are produced as a result of inflammation in the body, and can cause strokes. diabetes. damage to cells. high blood pressure.

it must be converted to glucose first.

Fructose produces a slower rise in blood sugar after consumption because it must be converted to glucose first. the liver must secret an enzyme to digest it. it changes the pH of the blood. the body digests it so quickly.

Cellulose

Gut bacteria has been found to prefer which of the following types of carbohydrates? Beta-glucan Mucilage Pectin Cellulose

By how they are absorbed in the body

How are most vitamins classified? By their scientific or common name By their nutritional value By their macronutrient content By how they are absorbed in the body

11

How many organ systems are in the human body? 3 5 11 15

Activity levels

In general, daily mineral requirements are correlated with what? Height Calorie intake Activity levels Body mass index

The eyes

In humans, what provides the first impression of food? Taste Smell The eyes Mouthfeel

an immune response, damaging the lining of the small intestine.

In individuals with celiac disease, gluten triggers an immune response, damaging the lining of the large intestine. an immune response, damaging the lining of the small intestine. an allergic reaction resulting in rashes, hives, and blisters of the skin. an allergic reaction of the mucosal membranes throughout the body.

Pre-contemplation and contemplation

In the initial assessment of a client, which element(s) of motivational interviewing apply? All five elements Preparation and Action Pre-contemplation only Pre-contemplation and contemplation

Grains

In the typical American diet, approximately 30% of phosphorous comes from which food source? Fruits Grains Vegetables Animal sources

Arizona and Michigan

In which states is it legal for a nutrition coach or personal trainer to make nutritional suggestions for healthy, active individuals? California and Texas Arizona and Michigan Maryland, Washington, and Utah Florida, North Carolina, and Wisconsin

Hemoglobin

Iron is most notably known for its role in: Hemoglobin Respiration Bone formation Brain function

mindful eating.

Listening for and responding to the body's natural cues for thirst, hunger, and satiety is referred to as mindful eating. thoughtful eating. limited consumption. the natural consumption cycle.

small intestine.

Most protein digestion happens after chyme moves into the mouth. stomach. large intestine. small intestine.

With severe calorie restriction

Muscle will release amino acids to be used as energy under which of the following conditions? When insulin levels are low In the presence of a high-fat diet With severe calorie restriction After intense carbohydrate loading

Leucine

Of the BCAAs, which amino acids is the most used by the body? Valine Lysine Leucine Glutamine

20 percent

On the keto diet, what percent of daily calories are from carbohydrate? 5 percent 10 percent 20 percent 25 percent

understand plateaus.

Periodically throughout the process, reassessment will be required to measure progress and justify the plan. identify failures. understand plateaus. correct mistakes in planning.

20 percent or more

Product claims of High, Rich In, or Excellent Source of, are required to contain what percent of Daily Value (DV) per Reference Amounts Customarily Consumed (RACC)? 5 percent or more 10 percent or more 10 - 19 percent 20 percent or more

2 hour swim.

Protein catabolism is most likely to occur during a 10 second sprint . 15 minute walk. 60 minute run. 2 hour swim.

a complete protein.

Proteins that have a high biological value are classified as a plant-based protein. a complete protein. free-form amino acids. peptide-bonded amino acids.

Psychological assessment

Questions regarding what motivates a client, what they feel distracts them from their progress and how they feel about their nutrition journey, are part of which type of assessment? Objective assessment Behavioral assessment Physiological assessment Psychological assessment

timely.

SMART goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely. thorough. teachable. thoughtful.

that people are actually eating.

Serving sizes must be based on amounts of foods and beverages that people should be eating. that people are actually eating. contained within the entire package. contained within a portion of the package.

islets of Langerhans.

Specialized cells on the pancreas, which secrete insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin are referred to as the hepatic portal. endocrine islets. pancreatic portal. islets of Langerhans.

Cysteine and methionine

Sulfur is a derivative of what two essential amino acids? Leucine and Valine Histidine and lysine Arginine and isoleucine Cysteine and methionine

recovering from an injury.

Supplementing with glutamine is most beneficial for clients with elevated GH levels. balancing their hormones. recovering from an injury. desiring an adrenaline boost.

iodine.

Table salt is often fortified with: iodine. calcium. fluoride. magnesium.

dense connective tissue.

Tendons and ligaments are made of fascial tissue. loose connective tissue. dense connective tissue. specialized connective tissue.

2,300 mg daily.

The DASH diet can be followed with a normal sodium intake of up to 1,500 mg daily. 2,000 mg daily. 2,300 mg daily. 2,500 mg daily

guide the development of federal food, nutrition, and health policies programs.

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans publication is meant to guide clinical nutrition practices for physicians. establish recommended daily food allowances. guide the development of federal food, nutrition, and health policies programs. be used as a dietary tool from which Americans can create individualized nutrition programs.

fruits, vegetables, and protein sources

The Food Pyramid, is now thought to have put too little focus on cholesterol. nutrient density. whole grains and healthy fats. fruits, vegetables, and protein sources.

Stroke Volume

The amount of blood the heart pumps with each heartbeat is known as: Stroke Volume Cardiac Output Blood Pressure Heart Rate

nutrient density.

The amount of nutrients in a food, relative to the number of calories it provides, is known as caloric density. the caloric ratio. nutrient density. the nutrient ratio.

95 minutes

The best time to consume a carbohydrate rich drink when cycling is when the athletic activity lasts 30 seconds 60 seconds 45 minutes 95 minutes

firmness or thickness.

The consistency of a food describes its freshness. firmness or thickness. expected recurring taste. repeated effect on the body.

fat.

The flavor of food is heavily influenced by the amount of fat. protein. glutamate. carbohydrate.

the delivery system.

The form in which a supplement enters the body for absorption is known as digestibility. bioavailability. the delivery system. the transport system.

an alcohol disorder.

The initial detoxification, or detox is the first step in treating pica. orthorexia. bulimia nervosa. an alcohol disorder.

Glucose

The liver serves as a reservoir for which of the following? Cellulose Fructose Lactose Glucose

thermogenic supplements.

The most common weight-management supplements are referred to as Cafergots. fat burners. diet supplements. thermogenic supplements.

grains

The new MyPlate is shaped like a plate with colorful fractions dedicated to dairy, vegetables, fruits, protein, and oils. grains. healthy fats. beverage sources.

principal display panel.

The part of a package label most likely to be displayed, shown, or examined under normal conditions on a retail display is the ingredient list. principal display panel. nutritional profile panel. macronutrient distribution list.

30 seconds.

The phosphagen system provides an instant source of energy, for up to 10 seconds. 15 seconds. 30 seconds. 60 seconds.

metabolism.

The process of converting ingested nutrients into energy within the body is known as digestion. metabolism. thermic effect. nutrient conversion.

reevaluating and assessing progress.

The seven steps in the goal-setting process are: determining the desired result, creating a SMART goal, writing the goal(s) down, creating a plan of action, establishing a timeline, acting, and reaffirm the goal(s). establishing new goals. identifying failure points. reevaluating and assessing progress.

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

The small intestine is divided into three sections, in the following order: rectum, colon, and anus. colon, rectum, and anus. duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. ileum, jejunum, and duodenum.

Customer Lifecyle.

The steps a customer goes through when considering, buying, and using a product or service is known as the Purchase Process Cycle. Customer Choice Cycle. Customer Lifecyle. Goods and Services Decision Cycle.

95 percent.

The term organic describes a product supported with a verifying USDA seal, and contains organic ingredients of at least 50 percent. 70 percent. 80 percent. 95 percent.

smooth muscle.

The three types of muscle found in the human body are: cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. striated muscle. respiratory muscle. endothelial muscle

medical nutrition therapy.

The treatment of medical conditions with diet, is referred to as dietary therapy. nutritional medicine. medical nutrition therapy. clinical nutrition strategies.

eating pattern.

The types of food and beverages an individual consumes is referred to as one's food cycle. eating pattern. nutrient intake. consumption habits.

Electrolytes

Together, sodium, chloride, and potassium are known as what category of minerals? Electrolytes Carbonates Sulfides Silicates

they dissolve in water and removed in urine.

Vitamin C is stored in the body in low amounts because: it interferes with the absorption of vitamin B. its coenzymes compete with absorption. they dissolve in water and removed in urine. they dissolve in oil and dietary fat intake is low.

bone health.

Vitamin D is important for its role in bone health. heart health. nerve regeneration. lowering blood pressure.

early 1900s.

Vitamins and their importance in health and wellness were discovered by European doctors in the early 1600s. late 1700s. early 1800s. early 1900s.

Less than 7%

What A1C level is recommended for most adults? Less than 5% Less than 7% No more than 10% No more than 14%

Traditional and Lean

What are the two types of business plans, according to the Small Business Administration (SBA)? Traditional and Lean Funded and Unfunded Explanatory and Descriptive Corporate and Sole Proprietorships

Photos

What can be used to boost motivation and celebrate achievements and milestones along the way? Photos Food logs SMART goals Subjective assessments

Servings per day

What did the Food Pyramid use to represent how much the average American should consume? Calories Serving size Food source Servings per day

It will cause early onset fatigue

What effect is megadosing with niacin most likely to have on a client looking to increase athletic performance? It will cause early onset fatigue It will block the release of glycogen There will be a release of fatty acids There will be a decrease in glycogen depletion

Aldosterone

What hormone helps the body retain sodium and as a result increases blood volume? Renin Aldosterone Angiotensin Arginine vasopressin

A client's risk for disordered eating

What is the SCOFF Questionnaire used to determine? Food allergies Food intolerances Food likes and dislikes A client's risk for disordered eating

9 kcal

What is the caloric (kcal) yield of nutritional fat? 3.27 kcal 4 kcal 7 kcal 9 kcal

1,500mg

What is the daily recommended dosage of calcium for female athletes? 500mg 800mg 1,500mg 2,800mg

The creation of a business name, brand, and logo

What is the first component of marketing for a new nutrition coach? Demographics research Target market identification Identifying the top five forms of advertising The creation of a business name, brand, and logo

Determine the style of coaching it will offer and target the client

What is the first step in starting an independent nutrition coaching business? Create a social media page Determine the marketing strategies to be used Establish a network of allied healthcare providers Determine the style of coaching it will offer and target the client

Observe and look for methods that are effective or ineffective

What is the goal of researching the competition? Copy others' methods that work Identify potential sources of new customers Devise a strategy to lure their customers away Observe and look for methods that are effective or ineffective

7-14 days

What is the ideal duration when collecting a client's data about what was eaten, when, and approximate quantities? 1 day 3 days 7-14 days 30 days

Excess calorie intake

What is the most common culprit of positive energy balance leading to weight gain? Disease Lack of exercise Excess calorie intake Processed food sources

Caffeine

What is the most common ingredient in thermogenic supplements? Guar gum Pyruvate Caffeine Chromium

All people have a desire for self-actualization

What is the premise of motivational interviewing? All people have a desire for self-actualization The power to change is within the coach, not the client All people are inherently lazy, and require extrinsic motivation Few people possess the capacity and desire for self-actualization

1.4-2.0 g/kg/d

What is the recommended daily intake of protein for a client whose goal is to build lean body mass? 0.3-0.7 g/kg/d 0.8-1.3 g/kg/d 1.4-2.0 g/kg/d 2.1-2.6 g/kg/d

2300 mg

What is the recommended daily intake of sodium for people 14 years of age and older? 1300 mg 1800 mg 2300 mg 2800 mg

4:1

What is the recommended ratio for omega-6 to omega-3? 1:1 4:1 10:1 11:1

2.7 Liters

What is the recommended total water intake for women given by the National Academy of Medicine? 1 Liter 1.7 Liters 2 Liters 2.7 Liters

10%

What is the standard recommendation for total daily calories from saturated fats? 5% 10% 20% 25%

Hidden hunger

What is the term given to the nutritional deficiencies in people who consume adequate calories but inadequate micronutrients? Nutrient poor Hidden hunger Failure to thrive Nutrient deficiency syndrome

Asking open-ended questions

What motivational interviewing strategy helps a coach understand the client's point of view and elicits their feelings about what is important to them? Summarize Reflective Listening Asking open-ended questions Affirmation and validation

80 percent

What percentage of Americans are estimated to make some attempt to lose weight this year? 25 percent 50 percent 80 percent 90 percent

75%

What percentage of adult with diabetes are overweight or obese? 10% 25% 50% 75%

68%

What percentage of total body water is located in the intracellular space? 32% 43% 55% 68%

A and B

What role does the pancreas play in the digestion of protein? It produces protease It releases trypsin It absorbs pepsin It secretes amylase A and B

Autonomy

What term is used to describe the ability to self-govern and the capacity to act in accordance with objective guidelines instead of being influenced by desires and whims? Autonomy Actualization Self-control Self-confidence

Mental toughness

What term is used to describe the way a client approaches and responds to adversity? Drive Focus Determination Mental toughness

SWOT analysis

What type of analysis is useful during the planning phase of starting a new business, but can also be used to periodically review an existing business, with the goal of making improvements? SWOT analysis Market analysis Diagnostic analysis Predictive analysis

One that is oil-based

What type of formulation can help improve the absorption of vitamin A? One that is oil-based One that is water-based One that is fiber-based One that is protein-based

Inositol

What vitamin is neither fat nor water soluble? Niacin Folate Inositol Pantothenic acid

In the bones

Where is most calcium found in the body? In the bones In the blood In the cells Interstitial fluid

Milk

Whey protein is found in which of the following sources? Egg Soybean Brown rice Milk

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994

Which act defined a dietary supplement as a product taken by mouth containing a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet and may include vitamins, minerals, herbs, botanicals, amino acids, enzymes, or extracts? Supplementation Safety Act of 1939 Food and Drug Administration Act of 1977 Vitamin, Mineral, and Herb Act of 1990 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Which agency regulates the production and distribution of food, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, and other consumer products? Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Mediterranean

Which diet has been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk up to 30 percent and trigger a significant reduction in the risk of developing Type II diabetes? Paleo DASH Mediterranean Lacto-vegetarian

Protein concentrates

Which form of protein supplement is produced by extracting protein from whole food using heat, acid, and enzymes? Protein isolates Protein flavanols Protein flavonoids Protein concentrates

Complex carbohydrates and protein

Which macronutrient(s) are used most readily in muscle repair, post-exercise? Fat and protein Complex carbohydrates only Complex carbohydrates and protein Simple carbohydrates, fat and protein

Indirect calorimetry

Which method of measuring energy expenditure measures oxygen consumed, and carbon dioxide produced? Direct calorimetry Indirect calorimetry Thermic calorimetry Respiratory calorimetry

Discuss information about behavioral change strategies to reach goals

Which of the following can a certified nutrition coach do? Give advice regarding medical nutrition needs Offer treatment advice for medical conditions Discuss personal relationships, career or life advice Discuss information about behavioral change strategies to reach goals

Bioflavanoids

Which of the following can increase the absorption of vitamin C? Choline Inositol Bioflavanoids Carotenoids

Vitamin D

Which of the following do Americans lack on a regular basis? Sodium Vitamin C Vitamin D Magnesium

Intravascular

Which of the following fluid compartments provides the fluid that produces sweat during exercise? Intracellular Extracellular Intravascular Interstitial

Almonds

Which of the following food sources provides the highest amount of protein per 100 gram serving? Spinach Almonds Coconut Asparagus

Fatty acids

Which of the following fuel sources is the most effective at producing ATP? Lactate Glucose Ketones Fatty acids

LDL

Which of the following has been linked to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque? HDL LDL VLDL Triglycerides

Carbohydrates

Which of the following have glycemic index scores? Water Fats Proteins Carbohydrates

Isoleucine

Which of the following is a branched chain amino acid? Glutamine Isoleucine Methionine Tryptophan

It prevents spikes in blood glucose

Which of the following is a characteristic of soluble fiber? It does not dissolve in water It prevents spikes in blood glucose It is not a source of calories It passes through relatively intact

Requires more logistical planning

Which of the following is a disadvantage of in-person nutrition coaching? Lack of flexibility Less accountability Does not work will new clients Requires more logistical planning

Prednisone

Which of the following is a glucocorticosteroid? Winstrol Dianabol Prednisone Testosterone

PARQ+

Which of the following is a health history or screening questionnaire that personal trainers use and is a good option for a nutrition coach to gather appropriate health data to keep on file. PARQ+ Medical Questionnaire Personal Questionnaire Health History Questionnaire

Omega-9

Which of the following is a non-essential fatty acid? DHA EPA Omega-6 Omega-9

Cholesterol

Which of the following is a precursor to bile acids? Lecithin Cholesterol Phosphatidylserine Gamma linoleic acid

The Law of Conservation of Energy

Which of the following is a principle stating energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to another? Prilepin's Law Noether's Theorem The Law of Thermodynamics The Law of Conservation of Energy

Chyme

Which of the following is a pulpy, acidic fluid passing from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partially digested food? Bile Chyme Gastrin Pyloric acid

Intermittent fasting

Which of the following is a type of diet that focuses on the timing of food intake in a 24-hor period or weekly, rather than on specific types of food? Nutrient timing Intermittent fasting Consumption timing Carbohydrate cycling

Ascorbic acid

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? Ascorbic acid Beta-carotene Menaquinone Alpha tocopherol

Commitment strategy

Which of the following is a way to gain leverage on oneself or others and make desired changes? Incentive strategy Challenging a client Commitment strategy Uncovering ambivalence

ATPase

Which of the following is an enzyme catalyzing the breakdown of ATP to ADP? ATPase ADPase Phosphorylase Polymerase

2,000 mcg

Which of the following is considered an excessive intake of folate: 500 mcg 800 mcg 900 mcg 2,000 mcg

Orthorexia

Which of the following is defined as an unhealthy preoccupation with eating healthy or eating properly? Pica Orthorexia Bulimia Nervosa Anorexia Nervosa

Monosacharide

Which of the following is digested quickly in the body? Collagen Protein Monosacharide Unsaturated fat

Fruit

Which of the following is most likely to protect muscle from being catabolized during exercise? Collagen Water Butter Fruit

Uncover ambivalence

Which of the following is one of five unique guiding principles of motivational interviewing? Reactive listening Uncover ambivalence Directly oppose client resistance Do not shy away from confrontation

Umami

Which of the following is one of the five categories of taste in food, corresponding to the flavor of glutamates? Salty Bitter Sweet Umami

Contemplation

Which of the following is one of the five stages of change? Autonomy Self-efficacy Contemplation Self-actualization

Magnesium

Which of the following is one of the most commonly deficient nutrients in people's diets? Fat Vitamin K Magnesium Iodine

Shellfish

Which of the following is one of the most severe and fatal food allergies in the United States? Tofu Shellfish Grapefruit Poultry

7

Which of the following is the correct number of carbons for a medium-chain fatty acid? 5 7 13 23

Glycogen

Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the brain? Fructose Fructan Glycogen Galactose

Trends have staying power.

Which of the following is true of trends and fads? Trends have staying power. Fads gain momentum slowly. Fads solve a problem or a need. Trends come in waves and appear quickly.

Trans fat is present naturally in some animals.

Which of the following is true regarding trans fats? Trans fat is present naturally in some animals. Trans fat is only present in partially hydrogenated oils. The FDA now requires trans fat to be eliminated from foods. The FDA no longer requires trans fat to be included on labels.

Harris-Benedict Formula

Which of the following is widely used to predict an individual's resting metabolic rate (RMR)? VO2 max testing The Fusco analysis Harris-Benedict Formula Ventilatory threshold testing

Strength training

Which of the following places stress on bones and can prevent osteoporosis in adults? Indoor cycling Lap swimming Aerobic exercise Strength training

Vasopressin 1a

Which of the following receptors is capable of increasing blood glucose? Vasopressin 1a Vasopressin 1b Meissner's corpuscles Pacinian corpuscles

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Which of the following was enacted to protect clients' privacy and confidentiality? The Hippocratic Oath Act (HOA) The Health Information Privacy and Confidentiality Act (HIPCA) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH)

Arginine vasopressin

Which of these hormones is most likely responsible for negative kidney health outcomes associated with low water intake? Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Arginine vasopressin

Urine volume

Which of these hydration biomarkers provides the best index of day to day hydration? Thirst Urine volume Urine concentration Plasma osmolality

Evaporation

Which of these processes describes the main method by which the human body dissipates heat? Radiation Convection Evaporation Conduction

Olfactory system

Which organ system is used for smelling? Olfactory system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Integumentary system

Endocrine system

Which organ system works closely with the nervous system to produce, release, and regulate hormones? Lymphatic system Endocrine system Respiratory system Integumentary system

Hippocrates

Who declared "Let thy food be thy medicine, and thy medicine be thy food" in 400 B.C.? Bessarian Aristippus Hippocrates Eratosthenes

Rephosphorylation

Within the ATP-ADP cycle, what is the process of adding a phosphate is called? Hydrolysis Phosphorylizing Rephosphorylation Hydrophosphorylization

90 to 95 percent

Within the Atkin's diet, what percentage of calories come from protein and fats? 25 to 35 percent 40 to 50 percent 75 to 85 percent 90 to 95 percent

Specific

Within the SMART goals acronym, what does the 'S' stand for? Sound Simple Specific Sustainable

Pre-contemplation

Within what stage of change may people not be consciously aware of the risks of their behavior? Relapse Autonomy Preparation Pre-contemplation

Vitamin B

Women require higher amounts of which vitamin? Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin E Vitamin K