Nutrition Fitness Exam 5
Uncontrolled ingestion of large amounts of food
compulsive overeating
What is a common feature of binge-eating disorder?
decreased testosterone levels
Research results indicate that abnormal cycles in young females are related to _____.
delayed healing of bone and connective tissue injuries and bone fractures later in life
What was the first mistake that Kristin and Lisa made the evening of Lisa's birthday?
drinking on an empty stomach
Alcohol can be stored in the body.
false
Alcohol enters the circulatory system approximately one to two hours after it is consumed.
false
Caffeine counteracts the effects of alcohol on motor skills.
false
Eating disorders only occur in females
false
Fermentation is the process by which the protein in grains and fruits are converted to ethanol by the action of enzymes.
false
Scans of brain activity among individuals with anorexia nervosa have identified a lack of the expected pleasure response to fat.
false
The effects of alcohol consumption on offspring are only physical.
false
Condition characterized by mental confusion, vomiting, seizures, slow or irregular breathing, and low body temperature due to the effects of excess alcohol consumption
alcohol poisoning
Old measure of how much alcohol is contained in alcohol-containing liquids
alcohol proof
Illness characterized by dependence on alcohol and by a level of alcohol intake that interferes with health, family and social relations, and job performance
alcoholism
It is recommended that women who are or may become pregnant _____.
do not drink
The female athlete triad includes _____.
eating disorders, menstrual cycle dysfunction, and decreased bone mineral density
When Mandy finally does decide to seek treatment what type of care should she receive?
patient-centered and individualized
Regular consumption of nonfood substances
pica
The goal of bulimia treatment is to _____.
break the feast and famine cycles via nutrition and psychological counseling
Lead eating
plumbism
What is thought to be a primary force underlying the development of eating disorders?
pressure to conform to society's standard of beauty and acceptability
Use of self-induced vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics to rid the body of food
purging
Which disorder is classified as an EDNOS?
purging disorder
Frequent purging without binge eating
purging disorder
Exposure to low levels of lead in young children can cause _____.
reduced intelligence
Purposeful restriction of food intake below desired amounts in order to control body weight
restrained eating
Children and adults who are picky eaters
selective eating disorder
The process of alcohol breakdown takes _____.
several hours or more
Alcohol is absorbed in the stomach and _____.
small intestine
Condition characterized by fat infiltration and inflammation of the liver
steatohepatitis
Treatment of anorexia nervosa generally focuses on _____.
the prompt restoration of nutritional health and body weight
The treatment of binge-eating disorder focuses on _____.
the underlying psychological issues
Which type of injections is a key component of treatment for delirium tremens?
thiamin
Alcohol abuse is associated with a high proportion of drownings.
true
Alcohol consumed without food is more rapidly absorbed into the blood stream.
true
Alcohol dependency is a chronic disease.
true
Alcohol-containing beverages generally have a high caloric content.
true
Approximately 50% of normal-weight adult women are dissatisfied with their weight.
true
As caloric consumption from alcohol-containing beverages increases, the quality of the diet generally decreases.
true
Binge drinking during pregnancy has the most profound adverse effects on fetal development.
true
Binge-eating disorder affects an equal number of males and females.
true
Diet quality tends to be better than average in moderate drinkers.
true
Exposure to low levels of lead can lead to hearing problems.
true
Geophagia can cause intestinal blockage as well as parasitic and bacterial infections.
true
Habitually high alcohol intake increases the risk of developing dementia, high blood pressure, and certain types of cancer.
true
Half of the people with anorexia turn to binge eating and purging in their efforts to lose weight.
true
In general, blood alcohol levels in women increase faster than in men.
true
Laundry starch and cornstarch have the same number of calories per gram as do other carbohydrates.
true
Most adults who drink consume moderate amounts of alcohol.
true
Red wine contains pigments and other phytochemicals that act as powerful antioxidants.
true
The average age when teens begin drinking is 14 years.
true
The brain does not respond to foods like sugar and fat as it does to addictive drugs.
true
The habitual use of laxatives can lead to "laxative dependency."
true
The intoxicating effects of alcohol from beer, wine, and hard liquor are the same.
true
The younger a person is when he or she begins drinking, the higher the probability that a drinking problem will develop at some point in his or her life.
true
Treating anorexia nervosa is difficult because many people with the condition deny that problems exist and postpone treatment for years.
true
Alcohol remains in body tissues until it is _____.
used for energy formation or converted to fatty acids
Which nutrient is often deficient in the diets of heavy drinkers?
vitamin A
In most cases, bulimia nervosa starts _____.
with voluntary dieting to lose weight
Bulimia nervosa is more common among _____.
wrestlers
Which group of people is most likely to engage in pica?
young children
On average, alcohol accounts for _____% of the caloric intake of U.S. adults who drink; however, the average goes up to around _____% among heavy drinkers.
3-9; 50
Lisa's blood alcohol content is 0.20%. She is most likely experiencing _____.
amnesia
Alcohol-containing beverages are considered _____ foods.
energy-dense and empty-calorie
Moderate amounts of alcohol _____.
improve the body's utilization of insulin and blood glucose
Alcohol at moderate doses _____ cholesterol.
increases HDL
A blood alcohol level of 0.03% corresponds to _____.
mild impairment
Some of the beneficial effects of alcohol on health are related to the _____ content of the food fermented to produce it.
phytochemical
Kristin had some muscle soreness from working out and decided to take a couple aspirin before going out drinking. Which health problem could develop if she continues to use pain relievers and drink three or more drinks per day?
stomach ulcers and liver damage
Alcohol use is associated with approximately 50% of _____.
traffic fatalities
What should Brittany and Richard do to help Mandy?
Gather information about services for people with eating disorders to share with Mandy
What should you do if you suspect a friend has alcohol poisoning?
Get medical help immediately
Eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors
bulimia nervosa
How can a person who drinks alcohol drink responsibly?
Drink on an empty stomach.
How does binge-eating disorder differ from bulimia nervosa?
There is no purging after a binge
Reversible condition characterized by fat infiltration of the liver
fatty liver disease
Process by which carbohydrates are converted to ethanol by the action of the enzymes in yeast
fermentation
Women who drink during pregnancy are at risk of having infants with _____.
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
What is a common feature of anorexia nervosa?
increased sexual drive
Red wine contains pigments and other phytochemicals that act as powerful antioxidants and decrease _____.
inflammation and arterial plaque formation
Geophagia _____.
is associated with iron deficiency and sickle-cell anemia in some individuals
Cirrhosis can lead to _____ and other health problems.
kidney failure
Children may develop lead poisoning if they eat _____.
paint chips
Alcohol provides _____ calories per gram.
7
Approximately _____% of the alcohol consumed is metabolized by the body.
90
Richard and Brittany talked to Mandy about their concerns and Mandy believes she does not have an eating disorder. What should Brittany and Richard do next?
Continue to be supportive and encourage Mandy to seek professional help
Used to refer to the range of physical and developmental effects on offspring induced by alcohol consumption during pregnancy
FASD
Heavy drinking is considered _____ or more drinks a day.
5
A moderate level of alcohol consumption is considered to be _____ per day for women and _____ for men.
1 drink; 2 drinks
People must experience eating binges once a week or more on average over a period of _____ to be diagnosed with binge-eating disorder.
3 months
A liquor labeled _____% alcohol by volume would be 70 degrees proof.
35
Last week Mandy hurt her leg while running. The doctor said that Mandy has a stress fracture. Why might Mandy be prone to stress fractures?
She most likely has decreased bone mineral density
How should you express your concerns to a friend who is struggling with an eating disorder?
Talk with your friend privately when there is enough time to discuss the issue fully
Some individuals affected by FASD may exhibit physical characteristics including _____.
a short stature
Cornstarch or laundry starch eating
amylophagia
Eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss, poor body image, and irrational fears of weight gain and obesity
anorexia nervosa
Mandy is most likely struggling with _____.
anorexia nervosa
When would be the best time for Mandy to seek treatment?
as soon as possible
Which type of therapy is successful in about one-third of people with alcoholism?
behavioral
Consumption of a large amount of food in a small amount of time
binge eating
Eating disorder characterized by periodic binge eating, which normally is not followed by vomiting or the use of laxatives
binge-eating disorder
Treatment is successful in 85% of women treated for _____.
binge-eating disorder
Recent studies have identified potential _____ factors associated with development of anorexia nervosa.
biological
Habitually high alcohol intake and alcoholism increases the risk of _____.
bladder cancer
Inflammation that is low grade and lasts weeks, months, or years
chronic inflammation
Liver disease characterized by widespread fibrous tissue buildup and disruption of normal liver structure and function
cirrhosis
Amylophagia _____.
commonly occurs during pregnancy
Certain groups of people are at greater risk of developing anorexia nervosa than others including _____.
competitive athletes and ballet dancers
Moderate alcohol consumption versus abstinence is associated with a significant level of protection against heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, _____, and all causes of mortality.
dementia
What are the most likely causes of bulimia nervosa?
depression and abnormal mechanisms for regulating food intake
Alcohol is only considered a drug.
false
Alcohol poisoning is not life threatening.
false
Anorexia nervosa only affects people between the ages of 16 and 25.
false
Food addiction qualifies as a distinct eating disorder.
false
It is essential to consume alcohol in order to reduce the risk of heart disease.
false
It is recommended that pregnant women consume no more than one drink per day.
false
Men with anorexia nervosa generally have an intense fear of gaining weight.
false
Normally, even a small amount of alcohol consumption has harmful effects on healthy adults.
false
People with bulimia nervosa tend to be underweight.
false
Pica exists due to nutrient deficiencies.
false
Research indicates that the cause of bulimia nervosa is depression.
false
Services for eating disorders are best delivered by health care teams that specialize in the treatment mental illness.
false
The female athlete triad is most common in athletes engaged in swimming, volleyball, and soccer.
false
The majority of people with bulimia nervosa use laxatives and diuretics to prevent weight gain.
false
There are no documented genetic components to alcoholism.
false
Often used to describe a strong desire for and binge eating of high-sugar or high-fat foods
food addiction
Alcohol dependency development is influenced by _____.
genetic factors and environmental factors
Individuals vary in the rate at which blood alcohol levels can be reduced due to differences in _____.
genetic traits
Clay or dirt eating
geophagia
Which type of juice most likely provides antioxidants and has anti-inflammatory effects that benefit health similar to red wine?
grape
Which alcohol-containing beverage (12 oz) has the highest caloric value?
malt beverage
Anorexia nervosa _____.
may cause significant bone loss and impaired fertility
Bulimia nervosa _____.
may lead to heart muscle damage
Kristin's blood alcohol content is 0.09%. She is most likely experiencing _____.
moderate coordination impairment
High food consumption during the night accompanied by sleep disturbances and psychological distress
nighttime eating syndrome
Unhealthy fixation on eating only perceived "healthy foods."
orthorexia nervosa
Which EDNOS appears to be increasing and may lead to undernutrition?
orthorexia nervosa
Ice eating
pagophagia
Which eating disorder is closely associated with an iron-deficient state and usually stops when the iron deficiency is treated?
pagophagia
Which medication most likely interacts harmfully with alcohol?
painkillers
