Nutrition Midterm
The amount of Vitamin C that meets 98% of the populations need for the nutrient is_______ for the vitamin.
RDA
Which of the following statements is false?
RDAs are requirements for nutrients
RDA
Recommended Dietary Allowance
Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy?
Protein
Type 1 diabetes is
an autoimmune disease
which if the following foods is the most nutrient dense
1/2 cup raspberries
A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrates, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 4 ounces of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies
117 Kcal
a serving of food that contains 20g carbohydrate, 6g protein, and 9g fat. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ____ kcal.
185
Carbohydrates kcal/g
4 kcal/g
Protein kcal/g
4 kcal/g
Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving?
4 oz chocolate doughnut
Alcohol kcal/g
7 kcal/g
fat kcal/g
9 kcal/g
Which of the following statements is true?
A person who regularly consumes more than the UL for a nutrient is likely to develop the nutrient's toxicity disorder.
your cells use ____ as a source of direct energy
ATP
An estimated average requirement (EAR) is the:
Amount of nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.
Marissa is healthy, but she's concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, marissa should
Avoid gaining excess weight
A primary function of the digestive system is the:
Breakdown of food into nutrients
The stomach
Churns food, mixing it with gastric juices
Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this, which of the following should he add?
Cooked beans
the new Nutrition Facts panel on a package of food must display amounts of vitamin ____ in a serving of the food.
D
DRIs
Dietary Reference Intakes
_____ is the process of replacing some of the nutrients that were lost during a raw food's refinement.
Enrichment
Which of the following cellular activities is an example of catabolism?
Enzymes breaking down glucose to release energy
the amount of a nutrient that should meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular group is the
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
EER
Estimated Energy Requirement
The federal agency that can regulate nutrition claims on food labels is the
FDA
FDA
Food and Drug Administration. The agency that is responsible for determining if a food or drug is safe and effective enough to be sold to the public.
The _____ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.
Large intestine
megadose side effect
Niacin: facial flushing, itchy skin, liver damage B6: nerve damage, nausea, heartburn C: intestinal upset and diarrhea A: birth defects/death D: irregular heart rhythm, kidney damage, disorientation, confusion
which of the following statements is true?
Omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease
Which of the following statements is untrustworthy or misleading because it contains a "red flag" of unreliable nutrition-related information?
People who have cancer should take vitiman C pills because the pills have been clinically proven to cure cancer is misleading because they claim to be proven but there are no facts backing their claims.
UL
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
The lining of the small intestine is covered with _____, tiny, fingerlike structures that absorb nutrients from food.
Villi
Which of the following statements is true?
a person can use www.choosemyplate.gov to evaluate his or her diet's nutritional adequacy
which of the following websites is most likely to provide biased and unreliable nutrition information?
a site that sells dietary supplements (.com)
which of the following substances isn't a dietary supplement?
alcohol
Zack takes 500mg of vitamin C daily. He advises his friends to take the vitamin C pills because, he claims, the vitamin C protects him from cold viruses. His information about usefulness of the vitamin is a:
anecdote
phytochemicals
are in plant sources of food
fatty fish
are sources of omega-3 fatty acids
which of the following health conditions isn't one of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States
arthritis
Which of the following foods has a high glycemic index (70 or more)?
baked potato
protein-rich food sources that also contain saturated fat and cholesterol include
beef
which of the following foods is a rich source of phytochemicals
blueberries
Today Sean only ate 3 sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of Orange juice. According to myplate he ate nothing from the food group that includes
broccoli
Atherosclerosis contributes to
cardiovascular disease
which of the following items is high in empty calories
chocolate chip cookies
Daily Values are
dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes
Nick wants to lower his blood cholesterol level . Based on this he should
eat more whole-grain products
Chemicals that help break down or make substances are called
enzymes
the government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the
federal trade commission (FTC)
When consumed, which of the following dietary supplements isn't likely to cause serious side effects
flaxseed oil
The addition of any nutrient to foods is known as ____.
fortification
cholesterol is
found only in animal foods
Which of the following statements is true?
fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.
Which of the following substances is a primary fuel for muscles and other cells?
glucose
which of the following substances is a nutrient that provides energy
glucose
Monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose
Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?
grapes
which of the following conditions is a chronic disease
heart disease
In the body, lipids
help maintain cell membranes
fats in foods
help the body absorb fat soluble vitamins
Peristalsis
helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract
which of the following signs is associated with metabolic syndrome?
high blood pressure
Which of the following substances is the hormone that enables glucose to enter cells?
insulin
dietary fiber
is a source of energy for bacteria in the large intestine
The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person
which of the following substances is an enzyme that breaks down lactose?
lactase
Which of the following substances is a disaccharide?
lactose
Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information?
losefastandforever.com
a lacteal is a
lymph vessel in a villus
the first step of the scientific method usually involves
making observations
_____ refers to all chemical processes that occur in living
metabolism
dietary fiber is
needed for good bowel health
a diet is likely to be unsafe if
nutrient intakes are consistently above ULs
When she prepares food, felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this which of the fats should she select?
olive oil
a monounsaturated fatty acid has
one double bond
The professional football star Andro "the man" McGraw appears in television commercials in which he endorses "Aminoprofix" for building muscle mass quickly and safely. His support of the product is an example of:
paid testimonial
Insulin is made by the
pancreas
diet is a
pattern of food choices
which of the following foods is energy and nutrient dense
peanuts
which of the following information isn't provided by the Nutrition Facts panel?
percentage of calories from fat
A testimonial is a(n)
personal endorsement of a product
Major risk factors for atherosclerosis
physical inactivity
A ____ is a fake treatment that may be used in nutrition-related studies that have human subjects.
placebo
Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of Vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are:
placebos
in general, whole fruits are a good source of all of the following substances, except
protein
When following recipes, Candice wants to use fats that are not solid fats. Which of the following should she use?
safflower oil
glands in the mouth secrete
saliva
Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ______fatty acids.
saturated
You read an article about vegetables grown in the United States. According to the article's author, Americans need to take dietary supplements because the vegetables lack essential nutrients. This claim is an example of a(an)
scare tactic
A nutrition scientist designs a study in which he assigns 100 people to the treatment group and 100 people to the control group. Although the scientist knows each person's group assignment, the subjects are not aware of their group placement. This is an example of a(an)
single-blind study
the primary site of fat digestion and absoption
small intestine
Which of the following practices increases the risk of peptic ulcers?
smoking cigarettes
which of the following substances is a polysaccharide?
starch
Polysaccharides
starch, glycogen, cellulose
Hydrochloric acid production occurs in the
stomach
Which of the following organs isn't an accessory organ of the digestive system?
stomach
Connor has atherosclerosis within his brain. Based on this he has a high risk of
stroke
Disaccharides
sucrose, lactose, maltose
the primary sources of added sugars in the typical American diet are
sugar-sweetened soft drinks
A ______ is a group of similar cells that perform similar functions.
tissue
in the United States, the primary cause of preventable death is
tobacco use
When a person regularly consumes amounts of a nutrient that exceed its UL, they may be at an increased risk of a ________
toxicity disorder
lipoproteins
transport fat and cholesterol in the bloodstream
liquid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids
unsaturated
Tiny fingerlike projections in the small intestine.
villi
Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?
whole-grain cereal
According to MyPlate, which of the following foods is grouped with dairy products?
yogurt