Nutrition Midterm

The amount of Vitamin C that meets 98% of the populations need for the nutrient is_______ for the vitamin.

RDA

Which of the following statements is false?

RDAs are requirements for nutrients

RDA

Recommended Dietary Allowance

Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy?

Protein

Type 1 diabetes is

an autoimmune disease

which if the following foods is the most nutrient dense

1/2 cup raspberries

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrates, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 4 ounces of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies

117 Kcal

a serving of food that contains 20g carbohydrate, 6g protein, and 9g fat. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ____ kcal.

185

Carbohydrates kcal/g

4 kcal/g

Protein kcal/g

4 kcal/g

Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving?

4 oz chocolate doughnut

Alcohol kcal/g

7 kcal/g

fat kcal/g

9 kcal/g

Which of the following statements is true?

A person who regularly consumes more than the UL for a nutrient is likely to develop the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

your cells use ____ as a source of direct energy

ATP

An estimated average requirement (EAR) is the:

Amount of nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.

Marissa is healthy, but she's concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, marissa should

Avoid gaining excess weight

A primary function of the digestive system is the:

Breakdown of food into nutrients

The stomach

Churns food, mixing it with gastric juices

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this, which of the following should he add?

Cooked beans

the new Nutrition Facts panel on a package of food must display amounts of vitamin ____ in a serving of the food.

D

DRIs

Dietary Reference Intakes

_____ is the process of replacing some of the nutrients that were lost during a raw food's refinement.

Enrichment

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of catabolism?

Enzymes breaking down glucose to release energy

the amount of a nutrient that should meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular group is the

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

EER

Estimated Energy Requirement

The federal agency that can regulate nutrition claims on food labels is the

FDA

FDA

Food and Drug Administration. The agency that is responsible for determining if a food or drug is safe and effective enough to be sold to the public.

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.

Large intestine

megadose side effect

Niacin: facial flushing, itchy skin, liver damage B6: nerve damage, nausea, heartburn C: intestinal upset and diarrhea A: birth defects/death D: irregular heart rhythm, kidney damage, disorientation, confusion

which of the following statements is true?

Omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease

Which of the following statements is untrustworthy or misleading because it contains a "red flag" of unreliable nutrition-related information?

People who have cancer should take vitiman C pills because the pills have been clinically proven to cure cancer is misleading because they claim to be proven but there are no facts backing their claims.

UL

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

The lining of the small intestine is covered with _____, tiny, fingerlike structures that absorb nutrients from food.

Villi

Which of the following statements is true?

a person can use www.choosemyplate.gov to evaluate his or her diet's nutritional adequacy

which of the following websites is most likely to provide biased and unreliable nutrition information?

a site that sells dietary supplements (.com)

which of the following substances isn't a dietary supplement?

alcohol

Zack takes 500mg of vitamin C daily. He advises his friends to take the vitamin C pills because, he claims, the vitamin C protects him from cold viruses. His information about usefulness of the vitamin is a:

anecdote

phytochemicals

are in plant sources of food

fatty fish

are sources of omega-3 fatty acids

which of the following health conditions isn't one of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States

arthritis

Which of the following foods has a high glycemic index (70 or more)?

baked potato

protein-rich food sources that also contain saturated fat and cholesterol include

beef

which of the following foods is a rich source of phytochemicals

blueberries

Today Sean only ate 3 sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of Orange juice. According to myplate he ate nothing from the food group that includes

broccoli

Atherosclerosis contributes to

cardiovascular disease

which of the following items is high in empty calories

chocolate chip cookies

Daily Values are

dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes

Nick wants to lower his blood cholesterol level . Based on this he should

eat more whole-grain products

Chemicals that help break down or make substances are called

enzymes

the government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the

federal trade commission (FTC)

When consumed, which of the following dietary supplements isn't likely to cause serious side effects

flaxseed oil

The addition of any nutrient to foods is known as ____.

fortification

cholesterol is

found only in animal foods

Which of the following statements is true?

fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Which of the following substances is a primary fuel for muscles and other cells?

glucose

which of the following substances is a nutrient that provides energy

glucose

Monosaccharides

glucose, fructose, galactose

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?

grapes

which of the following conditions is a chronic disease

heart disease

In the body, lipids

help maintain cell membranes

fats in foods

help the body absorb fat soluble vitamins

Peristalsis

helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract

which of the following signs is associated with metabolic syndrome?

high blood pressure

Which of the following substances is the hormone that enables glucose to enter cells?

insulin

dietary fiber

is a source of energy for bacteria in the large intestine

The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person

which of the following substances is an enzyme that breaks down lactose?

lactase

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide?

lactose

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information?

losefastandforever.com

a lacteal is a

lymph vessel in a villus

the first step of the scientific method usually involves

making observations

_____ refers to all chemical processes that occur in living

metabolism

dietary fiber is

needed for good bowel health

a diet is likely to be unsafe if

nutrient intakes are consistently above ULs

When she prepares food, felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this which of the fats should she select?

olive oil

a monounsaturated fatty acid has

one double bond

The professional football star Andro "the man" McGraw appears in television commercials in which he endorses "Aminoprofix" for building muscle mass quickly and safely. His support of the product is an example of:

paid testimonial

Insulin is made by the

pancreas

diet is a

pattern of food choices

which of the following foods is energy and nutrient dense

peanuts

which of the following information isn't provided by the Nutrition Facts panel?

percentage of calories from fat

A testimonial is a(n)

personal endorsement of a product

Major risk factors for atherosclerosis

physical inactivity

A ____ is a fake treatment that may be used in nutrition-related studies that have human subjects.

placebo

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of Vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are:

placebos

in general, whole fruits are a good source of all of the following substances, except

protein

When following recipes, Candice wants to use fats that are not solid fats. Which of the following should she use?

safflower oil

glands in the mouth secrete

saliva

Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ______fatty acids.

saturated

You read an article about vegetables grown in the United States. According to the article's author, Americans need to take dietary supplements because the vegetables lack essential nutrients. This claim is an example of a(an)

scare tactic

A nutrition scientist designs a study in which he assigns 100 people to the treatment group and 100 people to the control group. Although the scientist knows each person's group assignment, the subjects are not aware of their group placement. This is an example of a(an)

single-blind study

the primary site of fat digestion and absoption

small intestine

Which of the following practices increases the risk of peptic ulcers?

smoking cigarettes

which of the following substances is a polysaccharide?

starch

Polysaccharides

starch, glycogen, cellulose

Hydrochloric acid production occurs in the

stomach

Which of the following organs isn't an accessory organ of the digestive system?

stomach

Connor has atherosclerosis within his brain. Based on this he has a high risk of

stroke

Disaccharides

sucrose, lactose, maltose

the primary sources of added sugars in the typical American diet are

sugar-sweetened soft drinks

A ______ is a group of similar cells that perform similar functions.

tissue

in the United States, the primary cause of preventable death is

tobacco use

When a person regularly consumes amounts of a nutrient that exceed its UL, they may be at an increased risk of a ________

toxicity disorder

lipoproteins

transport fat and cholesterol in the bloodstream

liquid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids

unsaturated

Tiny fingerlike projections in the small intestine.

villi

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?

whole-grain cereal

According to MyPlate, which of the following foods is grouped with dairy products?

yogurt