OCE CH 4
Part complete Marine sediments provide valuable clues about which of the following Earth history events? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) the ancient geographical locations of ocean basins the climate on Earth millions of years ago previous ocean circulation patterns past catastrophes, such as major extinction events movement of the ocean floor
ALLL
B L C H B- L- C- H-
B- L- A C- T H-M,M,H,O
Sediments derived from pre-existing rocks on land are called: cosmogenous. lithogenous. volcanogenic. biogenous. hydrogenous.
Lithogeneous
Part complete Sandstone is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment
Lithogenous
Part complete Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment
Lithogenous
Part complete The ancient remains of which of the following, buried before they could decompose, are the source of today's petroleum deposits? Microscopic organisms Peat and coal Fish and amphibians Dinosaurs Land based plants
Microscopic organisms
Part complete China currently supplies about 90% of which of the following resources? Gas hydrates Phosphorite Manganese nodules and crusts Rare-earth elements Sand and gravel
Rare-earth elements
Part complete Fossiliferous limestone is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment
biogeneous
The White Cliffs of Dover are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment
biogenous
Part complete You take a sediment sample from the ocean floor at a depth of 5500 m. The area has low biological productivity and the CCD is at 4500 m depth. Your sample will probably consist of __________. View Available Hint(s) siliceous ooze calcareous ooze clay sand coral
clay
Part complete Calcite dissolves more readily in seawater that is ________ in temperature and ________ in pressure. colder; higher warmer; higher warmer; lower colder; lower
colder, higer
Part complete Tektites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment
cosmogenous
Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called: lithogenous. hydrogenous. biogenous. volcanogenic. cosmogenous.
cosmogenous
The deposition of coarse-grained lithogenous material in neritic environments along continental margins is an example of the ________ of biogenous sediment. ecology dilution destruction productivity erosion
dilution
Part complete Which of the following was used during early exploration of the oceans to collect sediment samples? Rotary corer Long line Gravity corer Dredge Seiche disk
dredge
Part complete Which of the following marine resources is used to make wallboard or sheet rock? Evaporative salts Sand and gravel Phosphorite Sediments rich in tin Manganese nodules
evaporative salts
Part complete A very important way to increase the settling rate of fine particles in the open ocean is via: deposit feeders. carbonate dissolution. wind. fecal pellets. precipitation.
fecal pellates
Part complete Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)? diatoms radiolarians foraminiferans glauconite phosphorites
foraminiferans
Part complete Salt beds of the U.S. Gulf Coast are __________. View Available Hint(s) neritic sediments biogenous sediments cosmogenous sediments hydrogenous sediments lithogenous sediments
hydrogenous
Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called: hydrogenous. biogenous. volcanogenic. cosmogenous. lithogenous.
hydrogenous
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. Foraminiferans Oolites Diatoms Radiolarians Coccolithophores
oolites
Part complete Oolites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment
oolites
Part complete Which of the following resources found in ocean sediments has the greatest economic value? Gas hydrates Petroleum Rare-earth elements Manganese nodules and crusts Sand and gravel
petroleum
Of the following, which energy resource(s) can be extracted from marine sediments? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) Petroleum Manganese nodules Halite Gas hydrates Phosphorites
petroleum gas hydrates
The most abundant mineral in lithogenous sediments is __________. View Available Hint(s) calcite aragonite quartz halite gypsum
quartz
Part complete Which of the following is the most advanced technology used to collect sediment samples from the deep ocean? Rotary corer Long line Gravity corer Dredge Seiche disk
rotary corer
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide due to the burning of coal will cause the calcite compensation depth to rise BECAUSE the oceans will get more acidic. The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct and the reason is valid
Part complete Collecting adequate samples from which of the following is the most difficult? Continental shelf The deep-ocean floor Estuaries and lagoons Marine sediments on land
the deep ocean floor
Part complete Which of the following natural gasses is most common in gas hydrates from under the ocean floor? Carbon dioxide Propane Hydrogen sulfide Methane Ethane
methane
Part complete Neritic sediments are most likely to be composed of __________. View Available Hint(s) halite, gypsum, and anhydrite basalt fragments and metallic sulfides red clay sand, silt, and gravel biogenic ooze
sand, silt, and gravel
The particles found in some sediment that suggests that an extraterrestrial impact event are: silt. evaporites. oozes. tektites. clays.
tektikes
Part complete Which of the following is thought to have enriched ocean floor sediments with rare-earth elements? Nodule and crust creation Sea floor methane seeps Clathrate formation Groundwater leaching Deep-sea hotsprings
deep sea hotsprings
The main energy resources associated with marine sediments are petroleum and ________. coal rare-earth elements wind power gas hydrates ethanol
gas hydrates
Part complete Shortly after the devastating 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake, the Chikyu drillship began an expedition to study which of the following? Earthquake-generated heat from friction The mechanism that causes tsunamis The properties of the deep crust The microbiology of the deep-ocean floor Earth's climate change patterns
Earthquake-generated heat from friction
The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the: abyssal plain far from a continent. continental shelf. crest of a mid-ocean ridge. continental rise. All of the above locations contain manganese nodules.
abyssal plain far from a continent.
Part complete In general, polar neritic sediment tends to have more ________. clay than in temperate waters shell fragments than in temperate waters coral debris than in tropical waters gravel than in tropical waters silt and sand than in tropical waters
gravel than more tropical waters
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. Rock fragments Quartz sand Siliceous ooze Volcanic ash Clay
siliceous ooze
Part complete Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coarse-grained lithogenous neritic deposits dominate continental margin areas BECAUSE they do not contain biogenous, hydrogenous, and cosmogenous particles. The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Marine sediments can't provide insight into today's climate changes BECAUSE they reveal a detailed history of Earth's past climate. The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
In which of the following environments would you expect lithogenous sediment to be the dominant sediment type? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) near a black smoker a coral reef a sandy beach at the base of the continental slope the abyssal plains
a sandy beach at the base of the continental slope the abyssal plains
Part complete Calcium carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which characteristic? high oxygen concentration low salinity low carbon dioxide concentration low oxygen concentration high carbon dioxide concentration
low salinity
Of the following sediments, which one(s) is/are considered hydrogenous? Choose all that apply. abyssal clay black volcanic beach sand manganese nodules coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers tests of foraminifers radiolarian ooze
maganese metal
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Biogenous sediment usually contains abundant calcite below the calcite compensation depth BECAUSE it readily dissolves above the calcite compensation depth. The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Part complete Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Abyssal clays are commonly red-brown or buff in color BECAUSE they contain gypsum. The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
Which of the following statements about marine sediments is correct? They provide a discontinuous, disturbed record of Earth history. They record the timing and severity of some global extinction events. They contain plant fossils used to map the movement of the continents. They are useful for determining the distribution of ancient dinosaurs. They represent Earth history dating back for billions of years.
They record the timing and severity of some global extinction events.
