Org behavior

Which of the following is a dimension of diversity

- Mental abilities - Gender - Age - Sexual Orientation

Associated with transformational leaders

- creating a vision to guide change - executing change - having tremendous influence - recognizing a need for change

Amazon.com continues to expand it's digital media offerings, in addition to adding tablets and phones to their product line. To Apple this would be considered:

A threat

Walmart is famous for exemplifying the cost leadership strategy. Which of the following is Walmart likely NOT to do?

Automate as few jobs as possible

What is the main reason for the gender pay-gap currently in the United States?

Childbirth and raising children

Jimmy Jack is focussing his efforts on determining what to measure with respect to his company's vision and mission statements. Jimmy Jack is doing:

Construct Analysis

What is the first step in the comprehensive strategic planning model

Developing vision and mission statements

Paul, a new hire in the traffic department of an advertising agency, has little confidence in his ability and believes he only got the job because his uncle is the owner of the firm. According to the path-goal theory of leadership, what type of leadership style is Paul most likely to prefer?

Directive (according to the path-goal theory, a directive style of leadership works best for employees who, like Paul, lack confidence in their abilities

What term does "self-awareness" sound like?

Emotional Intelligence

If I spend most of tonight studying, will it improve my grade on tomorrow's math exam?

Expectancy

__________ theory assumes that people are motivated to work toward a goal when they want to achieve the outcome and also think they have the ability and means to achieve it.

Expectancy

Deciding to no longer laugh at a coworker's inappropriate jokes, to encourage him to stop telling those types of jokes, is an example of

Extinction

Your employee, Steve, has a habit of telling jokes that are sometimes funny but too often inappropriate for the workplace. If you want Steve to stop telling these jokes, what kind of response would be your best choice?

Extinction

Nonprofit organizations often cannot offer employees salaries equal to those at for-profit businesses, so they offer other _____________ such as generous unpaid leave days and high-status job titles

Extrinsic rewards

According to the goal-setting theory, the easier the goal, the are more motivating it is. This means john, a double PhD in physics should set out to collect trash for a living

False

Which of the following reflects differences in leadership style between men and women?

Female leaders are more democratic in making decisions

Which of the following is an example of deep-level diversity?

Goals (deep-level diversity refers. to traits that cannot be seen with the eye)

Which of the following is NOT a benefit experienced by organizations that value diversity?

Greater homogenetiy (homogeneity is the opposite of diversity)

Which of the following strategies focuses on company expansion, either organically or through acquistions

Growth

What type of harassment is sheldon cooper demonstrating in this video

Hostile work environment

If I get a better grade on tomorrow's math test will I get an "A" in math?

Instrumentality

What is the belief that performance results in the attainment of outcomes

Instrumentality

Which of the following describes the concept of empowerment

It is the process of sharing power and giving others the authority to make decisions

Power held due to the position of authority is called __________ power

Legitimate

Which of the following describes what the organization does and who the primary customers are?

Mission Statement

__________ is the set of forces that causes people to engage in a behavior, rather than an alternative behavior.

Motivation

___________ refers to the forces either within or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action

Motivation

Lyle's manager just handed him a list of goals for the year. Because lyle had no say in setting these goals, he isnt sure that they are right ones for him, and as a s=result, he isnt very motivated to accomplish them. Whats the problem here?

No goal acceptance

Organizations pursuing a strategy of keeping costs and prices low usually try to develop a competitive advantage using which of the following

Operational Excellence

Which model focuses on the process and cost reduction

Operational Excellence

Which two types of reinforcement are generally accepted as means for increasing the frequency of desired behavior?

Positive and Negative reinforcement

Sara tries to always be on time for work because she once saw her supervisor give someone an award for good attendance. Sara is exhibiting learning through

Positive reinforcement

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the trait approach to determining leadership characteristics. Which of the following statements is true about this approach?

Recent studies have. identified a limited set of leadership traits, such as emotional intelligence, drive, and charisma are acknowledged leadership traits

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in forming equity perceptions?

Satisfy physiological needs before growth needs

_____________ diversity occurs when there are differences in position or opinion among group members, especially regarding group goals or processes.

Separation (separation diversity occurs when there are differences in position of opinion among group members, especially regarding group goals or processes)

Which company was mentioned in the video that had Germans as over 2/3 of their managers and only 7% women

Siemens

What is the most obvious type of diversity VISIBLE in this image

Surface level

Which term refers to similarities and differences among people, including those such as race, age, ethnicity, physical abilities and characteristics, and gender?

Surface-level diversity

What is the term for the set of abilities that allows the leader to recognize the need for change, to create a vision to guide that change, and to execute the change effectively?

Transformational leadership

How much do I really want an "A" in math?

Valence

In the expectancy model of motivation, which term refers to the perceived value of a given reward or outcome?

Valence

The _________ statement answers the question "What do we want. to become?" and provides a clear sense of the future and the actions needed to get there, without many specifics

Vison

While managers at ABC Manufacturing were conducting a SWOT analysis, they concluded that their product line is obsolete and narrow. Their product line would be categorized as a(n) ________.

Weakness

Carlos is a leader who has led his. company by closely evaluation performance. Carlos can be. best described as

a transactional leader

Doug is an employee of McDowell Instruments. Doug takes longer breaks than his coworkers, and often rationalizes his behavior because he feels the organization does not pay him enough for the level of work that he does. Doug is reducing his perceived inequity by

changing his inputs (time spent on the job is an input. By reducing his time spent on the job, Doug reduces his inputs)

If you want to increase motivation through the mechanism of increasing expectancy you should...

clarify peoples expectancies that their effort will lead to performance

Goal __________ is defined as the extent to which a person is interested in reaching a goal.

commitment

One conclusion of the Ohio State studies was that a leader who focuses on subordinates feelings and ideas is exhibiting

consideration behavior

At what level would you see a renewal strategy

corporate

Organizations pursuing a specialization strategy often try to develop a competitive advantage based on

customer intimacy

Your region has many supermarket bakeries, but there aren't any niche cafés offering superior coffee and home-baked goods using local, organic ingredients. You decide to open such a business. Based on these factors, which types of strategic behaviors would help assure that your small enterprise specializes and thrives?

deliver unique products and services

The extent to which goals are challenging, attainable, and require effort is known as goal ___________.

difficulty

In path-goal theory, which leadership style is best for managing employees who are new to dealing with ambiguous, unstructured tasks?

directive

Given current demographic trends, which of the following is NOT a strategy companies would use to gain a competitive advantage through promoting diversity?

encourage older workers to retire

Which of the following is the primary competitive advantage costco has over sam's club, its closest. competitor

excellent customer experience

Organizations pursuing differentiation strategy often try to develop a competitive advantage based on product

innovation

According to Victor Vroom, the belief that performance will result in obtaining a particular reward is known as ___________.

instrumentality

One conclusion of the University of Michigan studies was that a leader who focuses on work procedures and performance is exhibiting

job-centered leader behavior

According to equity theory, a person who feels equitably treated is motivated to ________.

keep things as they are

The central premise of the leadership substitutes perspective is that

leader behaviors may be irrelevant in some situations

Path-goal theory assumes that

leaders can change their behavior

The path-goal theory and the LPC model both state that

leadership effectiveness depends on characteristics of the situation

Stereotypes can be defined as

making generalizations about groups of people

Each of the following is associated with transformational leaders EXCEPT

managing routine work

Research suggests that male leaders are, on average, ____________ than female leaders.

more autocratic

Which of the following is more closely associated with leadership than with management?

motivating

Removal of current or future unpleasant consequences to increase the likelihood that someone will repeat a behavior is called

negative reinforcement

Individual characteristics that may render leader behavior unnecessary include all of the following EXCEPT

norms

Maximizing the efficiency of the manufacturing or product development process in order to minimize costs is referred to as

operational excellence

Goal specificity is consistently related to

performance (like difficulty, specificity has been consistently shown to be related to performance)

Aria has been performing successfully at work for several months. Aria believes that she will get a pay raise if she maintains this high level of performance. This is an example of the __________ expectancy.

performance-to-outcome

Reducing the work hours of low performing employees is an example of

punishment (is the addition of unpleasant consequences, such as reducing someone's work hours, in order to discourage negative behavior)

Yanesh knows he works more hours and had delivered more code than most of his peers and yet receives less compensation. His sense of inequity is likely to cause him to

put forth less effort on the job

When Walmart founder Sam Walton drove his old pick-up truck to work, his employees embraced his ethic of frugality. What type of power did he display?

referent

Position Power includes all of the following EXCEPT

referent power

A person in the organization has the ability to given bonuses to employees as part of a corporate compensation program. This is an example of __________ power.

reward

One's confidence in the ability to organize and execute the courses of action necessary to accomplish a specific task is called

self-efficacy

According to goal-setting theory, which of the following strategies is NOT likely to result in improved performance

setting unspecified goals so that workers can establish their own measures

Nancy is the administrator at a community nonprofit. She was hired for her expertise in planning and budgeting, but she has experienced conflicts with personnel. Which of the following statements is true about Nancy's role?

she is a manager

Businesses that use a ___________ strategy focuses on a narrow market segment or niche

specialization

To gain a competitive advantage. a company must offer

superior value for the price

In the LPC theory, which of the following is appropriate for very favorable as well as very unfavorable situations?

task-oriented behavior

Chen-CHu performs the same job tasks as her co-workers, but she believes she is being paid less. This is and example of

underpayment inequity

The basic premise of the early trait approach to leadership was that

unique leadership traits could be identified and used to select leaders

Assume a team is comprised of a marketing professional, a materials specialist, a manufacturing floor manager, a product safety advisor, an advertising department head, and a legal expert. What type of diversity is represented by this group?

variety diversity

According to the LPC theory, a situation that has low position power, high task structure, and good leader-member relations is

very favorable (a situation with good leader-member relations and high task structure is always very favorable, regardless of leader position power)

A company's mission statement typically addresses which of the following

who we are, what we do, and why we are here