Organizational Behavior- Midterm Exam

Individuals low in self-monitoring ________.

Tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation

Job dissatisfaction is more likely to translate into ________, when employees feel or perceive they have many available alternatives and when employees have high human capital.

Turnover

A difference in ________ would indicate deep-level diversity.

Values

____ is a dimension of intellectual ability which refers to the ability to understand what is read or heard and the relationship of words to each other.

Verbal comprehension

The ____ response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing with superiors, and undertaking some forms of union activity.

Voice

____ refers to individual differences in strength with which individuals experience their emotions.

Affect intensity

____ refers to a model which suggests that workplace events cause emotional reactions on the part of employees, which then influence workplace attitudes and behaviors.

Affective events theory

____ bias refers to the tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is easily accessible.

Availability

A process of making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity is known as ______.

Bounded rationality

The discretionary behavior that is NOT part of an employee's formal job requirements and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace is called ____ behavior.

Citizenship

Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes results in ________.

Cognitive dissonance

With reference to the Hofstede's Framework for Assessing Cultures. _____ emphasizes a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups, of which they are a part, to look after them and protect them.

Collectivsm

What is an example of a process at a group level?

Communication

The tendency to seek out information that reaffirms past choices and to discount information that contradicts past judgments is known as a(n) ________ bias.

Confirmation

What is an example of a process at an individual level?

Decision making

____ is a dimension of intellectual ability which involves using logic to assess the implications of an argument.

Deductive reasoning

The practice of modifying one's true inner feelings based on display rules is known as ______.

Deep acting

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Defining the problem

According to the attribution theory, ____ is one of the three main factors which attempt to determine an individual's behavior.

Distinctiveness

What describes the halo effect?

Drawing a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic

____ refers to inconsistencies between the emotions people feel and the emotions they project.

Emotional dissonance

What refers to a person's ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and information?

Emotional intelligence

A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work is known as ____.

Emotional labor

____ are caused by a specific event, are very brief, and are accompanied by distinct facial expressions.

Emotions

What is a characteristic of emotions?

Emotions are reactions to a person or event.

An individual's involvement with satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he/she performs is known as ____.

Employee engagement

Job dissatisfaction and antagonistic relationships with co-workers predict a variety of behaviors organizations find undesirable, including unionization attempts, substance abuse, undue socializing, and tardiness. These behaviors are indicators of a broader syndrome called ________.

Employee withdrawal

What is true, according to the affective events theory?

Employees react emotionally to events at work, which affects their job performance and satisfaction

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, an ____ searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change.

Entrepreneur

Differences in ________ indicate surface-level diversity.

Ethinicity

Women being assigned marginal job roles that do not lead to promotion is an example of the ________ form of discrimination.

Exclusion

____, which may occur intentionally or unintentionally, refers to keeping certain people in a work place away from job opportunities, social events, discussions, or informal mentoring.

Exclusion

Individuals scoring ________ have a strong ability to adjust their behavior to external, situational factors and can behave differently in different situations.

High on self-monitoring

The tendency to believe falsely, after an outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately predicted that outcome is known as _____ bias.

Hindsight

What determinants of behavior does organizational behavior study?

Individuals

What refers to a kind of discrimination that refers to overt threats or bullying directed at members of specific groups of employees?

Intimidation

What is true regarding the rational decision-making model?

It assumes that an individual is able to identify all relevant options in an unbiased manner.

What is organizational behavior?

It involves the study of what people do in a company and how it affects the company's output.

What is true with respect to workplace discimination?

It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.

What is true with respect to surface-level diversity?

It refers to differences in easily perceived characteristics, such as gender and race.

The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is referred to as ____.

Job involvement

What is a result of globalization?

Jobs moving to nations with low-cost labor

According to the Big Five model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable.

Low on conscientiousness

What personality trait indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

Machiavellianism

According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________.

Responsible, organized, and dependable.

____ bias indicates the tendency of an individual to attribute his or her own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.

Self-serving

A ____ is an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.

Model

____ are cognitive in nature, have an unclear, general cause, and last for several hours or days.

Moods

A satisfied workforce does not guarantee successful organizational performance. In order to improve organizational effectiveness, managers ________.

Must try to improve employee attitudes

____ refers to the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.

Narcissism

____ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

Perception

What is an instrumental value, according to the Rokeach Value Survey?

Personal discipline

What statement is true about personality?

Personality is influenced by hereditary factors.

Employees with positive core self-evaluations believe in their inner worth and basic competence and are more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative core self-evaluations. The concept of positive core self-evaluations indicates that ________.

Personality plays a role in job satisfaction

____ may be referred to as the capacity to undertake tasks that demand stamina, dexterity, and strength.

Physical abilities

Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their jobs, and their perceived autonomy is termed as ________.

Psychological empowerment

An example of an input at an organizational level is ____.

Structure

What is true about narcissists?

They are more likely to emerge as leaders

Employees are most likely to perceive their organization as supportive when ________.

They have a voice in decisions

Organizational behavior applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively.

True