OT Management

Which of the following two costs will increase as census increases? a. Fixed costs and variable costs b. Variable costs and direct costs c. Direct costs and fixed costs d. Indirect costs and fixed costs

.b. Variable costs and direct costs

Which entity administered the registration program for occupational therapists for more than 50 years? a. AOTA b. NBCOT c. AOTCB d. AOTF

a. AOTA

Who is covered under the TRICARE program? a. Active-duty service members, National Guard members, and reserve members b. People who live in a tri-city area c. Families with 3 or more children d. Anyone 65 years of age or older

a. Active-duty service members, National Guard members, and reserve members

Which of the following is not true in regard to listserv mailing lists? a. All listserv mailing lists are open to the public b. "Listserv" is a proprietary name for a particular product c. Listserv mailing lists are often free to the participants d. Listserv posts may sometimes be found in a search of the Internet

a. All listserv mailing lists are open to the public

Most worker's compensation programs are jointly financed by a. Employers and state governments b. Employers and the federal government c. State governments and the federal government d. Employers and private insurance companies

a. Employers and state governments

At present, AOTA board certification is available in a. Gerontology b. Ergonomics c. Environmental modification d. Low vision

a. Gerontology

Which of the following is not an outcome of team building? a. Poor morale b. Increased productivity c. Interpersonal harmony d. Goal achievement

a. Poor morale

According to Barker (2006), communication occurs at three levels. Which of the following is not one of those levels? a. Space b. Relationship c. Action d. Information

a. Space

The four psychological typologies identified by Miner (2000) are associated with which of the following? a. The ability to grow an existing business and the propensity to initiate a business venture b. The ability to make a profit and manage a business c. The ability to incubate an idea and develop a product d. The ability to develop and implement a business plan

a. The ability to grow an existing business and the propensity to initiate a business venture

Which of the following is required to establish a consultation business? a. Tolerating risk b. Opening a business office c. Creating business cards d. All of the above

a. Tolerating risk

The Senate has how many members? a. 50 b. 100 c. 435 d. 425

b. 100

In what year did the Allied Health Professions Personnel Training Act establish the first federal funds for support of occupational therapy education? a. 1956 b. 1966 c.1976 d. 1986

b. 1966

Which resource tool is published annually with supplements published each fall? a. Grants.gov: http://grants.gov b. Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance: http://www.gsa.gov/fdac/queryfdac.htm c. Federal Register: http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aces140.html d. Commerce Business Daily: http://cbdnet.access.gpo.gov/index.html

b. Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance: http://www.gsa.gov/fdac/queryfdac/htm

For a leader to produce high quality, he or she must do which of the following? a. Do all the work himself or herself to ensure quality b. Combine passion and energy to help produce quality c. Leave the employees to do the work and have little interaction with them d. Choose only tasks that are not challenging

b. Combine passion and energy to help produce quality

Licensure renewal requirements for occupational therapy practitioners often require a. Retaking the NBCOT examination b. Completion of acceptable continuing competence activities c. Demonstration of completing fieldwork education d. Graduation from a post-professional occupational therapy education program

b. Completion of acceptable continuing competence activities

Which is NOT true about consumers today? a. More than 50% of adults go online for health care information b. Consumers still call their physician first when they have a health care concern c. Eight million people look up health care related issues online daily d. Consumers expect value for their time and money

b. Consumers still call their physician first when they have a health care concern

An occupational therapy assistant who devotes the first meeting of a new committee to establishing role requirements for each member and a financial reward system for superior performance is displaying which of the following leadership attributes? a. Inspiration motivation b. Contingent reward c. Management by exception (passive) d. Laissez-faire

b. Contingent reward

Which of the following is the defining feature of mentoring? a. The supervisory role of the mentor b. Dedication to the advancement of the mentee c. The benefits earned by the mentor d. The sacrifices of the mentor

b. Dedication to the advancement of the mentee

A factor that helps a business succeed in a competitive environment is a. Competency b. Distinctiveness c. Supportiveness d. Engagement

b. Distinctiveness

All educational programs for the occupational therapist were required to be at the post-baccalaureate level by which date? a. January 1, 2006 b. January 1, 2007 c. January 1, 2008 d. January 1, 2009

b. January 1, 2007

"Per diem payment" refers to a. An amount paid per diagnostic test given b. An amount paid for a group of services provided in a single day c. An amount paid per episode of illness d. An amount paid for a group of services provided in a week

b. An amount paid for a group of services provided in a single day

Technical education of occupational therapy practitioners is at the a. Bachelor's-degree level b. Associate's-degree level c. On-the-job training level d. Certificate level

b. Associate's-degree level

The term "entrepreneur" originally was developed in France and meant a. Venture capitalist b. Middleman c. Tax avoider d. Grand developer

b. Middleman

An external condition providing potential obstacles for an organization is best described as a a. Scenario b. Threat c. Strategy d. Weakness

b. Threat

An occupational therapy manager can be found liable even if he or she did not treat a patient a. Under the doctrine of false imprisonment b. Under the doctrine of "respondeat superior" c. If the therapist was incompetent d. All of the above

b. Under the doctrine of "respondeat superior"

The evaluation of the necessity, appropriateness, and efficiency of the use of health care services, procedures, and facilities is called a. Diagnosis-related groups b. Utilization review c. Gatekeeping d. Managed care

b. Utilization review

The cost of labor or material that changes according to the change in the census is called a a. Fixed cost b. Variable cost c. Direct cost d. Breakeven point

b. Variable cost

The "ecological perspective" of consultation refers to a. The impact on earth, air, and water b. The respect for the dignity and rights of plants and animals c. The holistic approach taking into account all environmental influences d. All of the above

c. The holistic approach taking into account all environmental influences

Which of the following questions is permissible during a job interview? a. The job requires handling money and billing. Have you ever been arrested? b. How do you feel being supervised by a woman? c. The job requires working weekends. Can you do that? d. Do you have any physical disabilities that may affect your job performance?

c. The job requires working weekends. Can you do that?

Nonverbal communication accounts for a. 25% of communication b. 45% of communication c. The majority of communication d. None of the above

c. The majority of communication

According to the Small Business Administration, what percentage of net new employment in the United States between 1992 and 2008 was created by small businesses? a. 30% to 50% b. 40% to 60% c. 50% to 70% d. 60% to 80%

d. 60% to 80%

What percentage of people's self-talk is believed to be negative? a. 40% b. 60% c. 10% d. 80%

d. 80%

In the course of the consultation process, the consultant must do which of the following? a. Provide constant feedback b. Determine evaluation procedures c. Provide resolution of the issue d. A and B

d. A and B

The consultant is responsible for doing which of the following? a. Developing the intervention plan b. Solving the issue or problem c. Evaluating the consultation intervention d. A and C

d. A and C

"Consultation" may best be defined as a. An indirect intervention to help solve a problem b. The act of preventing future problems c. A facilitative process d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The SWOT analysis is an assessment tool that evaluates which of the following? a. Internal and external factors of an organization b. Emerging opportunities c. Possible factors that can negatively affect a service or product d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The advantages of outcome marketing in health care include which of the following? a. It demonstrates value through objective measurements b. It can build the confidence of your referral sources in you c. It can promote your unique value to the payer d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The pricing of a product or service varies according to which of the following factors? a. Overhead costs b. Fair market value c. Contracted rate with an insurance company d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The purpose of state regulation of occupational therapy practice is to a. Safeguard the public health, safety, and welfare b. Protect the public from incompetent, unethical, or unauthorized persons c. Assure a high level of professional conduct on the part of occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The role of congressional committees is to a. Hold hearings b. Make recommendations and amendments c. Support their product on the floor d. All of the above

d. All of the above

To claim causality, a research study must have which of the following characteristics? a. Randomization b. Control group c. Manipulation of a variable d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Expenses related to the principal activity of the business (e.g. therapy equipment consumed in the process of therapy, therapy labor costs) are called a. Fixed costs b. Variable costs c. Direct costs d. Indirect costs

c. Direct costs

The key to successful personnel management is a. Increasing paid time off for staff b. Autocratic supervision c. Effective communication d. Good salaries and benefits

c. Effective communication

A consumer expects a product or service to do which of the following? a. Outlast the similar product they have at home b. Come with a lifetime warranty c. Have personal value and purpose d. Be able to be used by everyone in the family

c. Have personal value and purpose

Which level of consultation does the consultant analyzing organizational structure and policies provide? a. Level I b. Level II c. Level III d. B and C

c. Level III

An occupational therapy manager needs to accomplish an important task, and the deadline is quickly approaching. Which option displays the best example of leadership? a. The manager tells employees that if the deadline is not met, each person will have consequences to face b. The manager hopes that the normal workflow of the employees will allow sufficient productivity to meet the deadline c. The manager informs the employees of the situation and the importance of meeting the deadline while being encouraging and helpful d. The manager hovers over each employee, making sure that everyone is spending every second working on meeting the deadline

c. The manager informs the employees of the situation and the importance of meeting the deadline while being encouraging and helpful

In what order are the steps in market management properly conducted? a. Analysis, planning, implementation, monitoring b. Planning, analysis, implementation, monitoring c. Monitoring, analysis, planning, implementation d. Planning, monitoring, implementation, analysis

A. Analysis, planning, implementation, monitoring

Which of the following AOTA documents is used as a resource to define the occupational therapy scope of practice in state law? a. "Definition of Occupational Therapy Practice for State Regulation" b. "Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards" c. "Standards of Practice for Occupational Therapy" d. "Guidelines for Supervision, Roles, and Responsibilities During the Delivery of Occupational Therapy Services"

a. "Definition of Occupational Therapy Practice for State Regulation"

Occupational therapy SRBs often adopt or incorporate by reference which following document? a. "Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards" b. Hippocratic Oath c. Patient's Bill of Rights d. Medicare Physician Fee Schedule

a. "Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards"

A comprehensive assessment of leadership skills that includes both a self-evaluation and evaluations by coworkers is referred to as a a. 360-degree leadership assessment b. Multidimensional skill assessment c. Panoramic assessment d. Leader-behavior assessment

a. 360-degree leadership assessment

All of the following are characteristics of not-for-profit organizations that distinguish them from business organizations EXCEPT a. Ability to impose taxes on citizens b. Contributions by resource providers who do not expect a return on investment c. Operating purposes other than to earn a profit d. Absence of ownership interests

a. Ability to impose taxes on citizens

Financial strategic planning for beginning programs and businesses means a. Assessment of start-up abilities b. Hiring an accountant c. Getting a small business loan from the bank d. Doing a needs assessment

a. Assessment of start-up abilities

An occupational therapist manager who supervises other occupational therapy practitioners is responsible for a. Assuring they are properly trained to perform the assigned work b. Making sure they lock the wheelchair before each transfer c. Reminding them to renew their license d. Following seizure precautions for each patient

a. Assuring they are properly trained to perform the assigned work

The financial statement that reports the assets, liabilities, and stockholders' (or owner's) equity at specific date is the a. Balance sheet b. Income statement c. Statement of cash flows d. Budget

a. Balance sheet

Team building is a. Building cohesion in pursuit of an organization's mission b. Building extrinsic motivation c. Holding a staff meeting each week d. None of the above

a. Building cohesion in pursuit of an organization's mission

Incubating an idea for an entrepreneurial venture is an important step in developing a a. Business plan b. Venture capital plan c. Timeline to development d. Funding plan

a. Business plan

General fixed expenses include a. Clinical salaries and wages b. Marketing c. Maintenance and repairs d. Education

a. Clinical salaries and wages

Health care management in today's market is a. Complex b. Simple (you either have insurance or you don't) c. Evolving into a process that no one understands d. Dependent on physician referrals

a. Complex

Effective negotiation can lead to a. Compromise b. A winner c. Hostility d. Future conflict

a. Compromise

All of the following are common suggestions for facilitating effective communication in meetings except a. Consistently use voting to make fair decisions b. Provide an agenda with time frames ahead of time c. Provide participants with objectives for the meeting d. Have a mechanism to track concerns that arise that are not on topic

a. Consistently use voting to make fair decisions

Which is NOT a type of validity? a. Contaminant b. Content c. Convergent d. Construct

a. Contaminant

Which competing internal force can compromise a manager's drive for reform in an organization? a. Corporate cultural forces b. Competitive forces c. Economic forces d. Political forces

a. Corporate cultural forces

Unresolved conflict can lead to a. Costly litigation b. An exchange of ideas c. Quality therapist-client communication d. None of the above

a. Costly litigation

A key feature of an occupational therapy licensure law is that it a. Creates a legally defined scope of practice b. Allows occupational therapy practitioners to perform surgery c. Mandates insurance coverage for occupational therapy d. Allows occupational therapy practitioners to practice in multiple states

a. Creates a legally defined scope of practice

Kirzner (1997) believed that entrepreneurs spot opportunities for development on the basis of which of the following? a. Creative alertness b. Research skills targeted at development c. Ability to "read" others in the field d. Good timing and luck

a. Creative alertness

When an employee who has potential is not performing as expected, the manager should a. Develop a plan of action b. Terminate the employee c. Suspend the employee d. Ignore the behavior, as it might change

a. Develop a plan of action

Which of the following is an essential component of consultation? a. Developing mutual trust b. Creating a secret bond c. Finding solutions d. All of the above

a. Developing mutual trust

According to research on jury decisions, what is the single factor that best ensures that a group decision-making process will benefit from face-to-face discussion? a. Diversity of opinion b. A skilled facilitator c. A member who is a professional scientist d. Expertise in the subject matter

a. Diversity of opinion

One of the goals of using evidence to support practice is to a. Educate clients about the expected outcomes of occupational therapy treatment b. Help reduce the burden of using clinical reasoning c. Develop strict protocols to be used for specific diagnostic groups regardless of a client's individual presentation d. Limit treatment options

a. Educate clients about the expected outcomes of occupational therapy treatment

Stakeholder groups of an organization important in the planning process most likely include a. Employees, consumers, and supporting organizations b. Policy makers, service providers, and payer sources c. Consultants and external standard-setting agencies d. Focus groups, survey consultants, and practitioners

a. Employees, consumers, and supporting organizations

Individualistic cultures tend to resolve conflict by a. Ensuring that each individual's needs are met b. Sharing responsibility c. Agreeing to disagree d. All of the above

a. Ensuring that each individual's needs are met

It is important to establish market trends in establishing a new program to a. Establish how changes in the population to be served and service availability will affect the program b. Determine the needs of the target population c. Ensure that the population served is happy with the program's offerings d. None of the above

a. Establish how changes in the population to be served and service availability will affect the program

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act a. Expanded the availability of occupational therapy services for infants, toddlers, and preschool children and maintained services for students up to age 21 b. Made significant changes to the Medicare program c. Is the first comprehensive civil rights law for individuals with disabilities d. All of the above

a. Expanded the availability of occupational therapy services for infants, toddlers, and preschool children and maintained services for students up to age 21

A cost that does not change depending on client census - such as rent, property tax, insurance, or interest expense - is called a a. Fixed cost b. Variable cost c. Direct cost d. Indirect cost

a. Fixed cost

The contemporary evidence on leadership in occupational therapy suggests that the most effective leaders focus on a. Future planning b. Short-term activities c. The bottom line d. Systems and processes

a. Future planning

Knowing when, where, and how your cash needs will occur is a principle of a. Good cash management b. Federal tax law c. Banking regulations d. Variable expense control

a. Good cash management

"Niche markets" are a. Groups of special-needs populations b. Large populations that corporations avoid because of low incomes c. Difficult-to-find people because of their lifestyles d. Groups of typical people in middle-class communities

a. Groups of special-needs populations

The three major types of integrated delivery systems operating in today's health care market are a. HMOs, PPOs, and POS plans b. HMOs, PPOs, and indemnity plans c. HMOs, indemnity plans, and POS plans d. Indemnity plans, PPOs, and POS plans

a. HMOs, PPOs, and POS plans

A director of rehabilitation leading a group of department managers is displaying which of the following leadership attributes when she considers her followers' needs and engages her followers in the process by sharing risks? a. Idealized influence b. Intellectual stimulation c. Individual consideration d. Management by exception (active)

a. Idealized influence

Which ideas have the greatest chance of being funded? a. Ideas that match the interest and priorities of the funding source b. Ideas with a well-developed research design and plan c. Ideas that show community collaboration d. Good ideas that show potential for future funding

a. Ideas that match the interest and priorities of the funding source

Final scenario selection best predicts the a. Identification of goals b. Allocation of funding c. Expansion of mission d. Plan's success

a. Identification of goals

Which of the following applies to research in theory and models of entrepreneurship? a. It comes primarily from the business disciplines b. It is sorely lacking, according to experts in the area c. It can be better developed through self-help books d. It is well developed because of its long history

a. It comes primarily from the business disciplines

Good cash management means a. Knowing when, where, and how your cash needs will occur b. Making sure that you have 6 months' reserve cash on hand c. Keeping enough cash to cover the payroll in your checking account d. Establishing credit so that you can acquire cash if you need it

a. Knowing when, where, and how your cash needs will occur

In general, research has revealed that formal mentoring relationships are which of the following? a. Less able to fulfill psychosocial functions b. More effective than informal relationships c. Shorter but more satisfying than informal relationships d. Not significantly better than no relationship

a. Less able to fulfill psychosocial functions

When faced with a challenging situation, a leader should do which of the following? a. Make the best choice possible at that time and not wait for a perfect solution b. Spend a lot of time searching for the perfect solution c. Wait and do nothing until someone else steps up to fix the problem d. Pick the easiest solution to the problem at the time

a. Make the best choice possible at that time and not wait for a perfect solution

An occupational therapist's supervisor advises her to be more efficient so that she is able to meet the expected levels of productivity. Which of the following is this supervisor's role? a. Manager b. Mentor c. Supervisory mentor d. Mentee

a. Manager

Using interviews, self-report tools, or surveys that require participants to recall past events is an example of which kind of bias? a. Measurement b. Intervention c. Attention d. Timing

a. Measurement

Hospice care is a benefit of which part of Medicare? a. Medicare Part A b. Medicare Part B c. Medicare Part C d. Medicare Part D

a. Medicare Part A

The foundation of any strategic plan is its a. Mission b. Vision c. Strategy d. Objectives

a. Mission

Extrinsic motivation is a. Motivation driven by external factors b. Internal drive to achieve success c. Moving others toward goal-directed action d. Both a and c

a. Motivation driven by external factors

Motivation is a. Moving others toward goal-directed action b. Happiness c. Fulfillment d. All of the above

a. Moving others toward goal-directed action

An occupational therapy supervisor wants to evaluate his own leadership skills and his effectiveness as a leader as perceived by his followers and colleagues. The best leadership assessment to evaluate both is a. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire b. Leader Behavior Questionnaire c. Benchmarks Assessment d. Leadership Practices Inventory

a. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire

Which of the following is 1 of the 8 steps in the process of consultation? a. Negotiating a contract b. Marketing services c. Setting up the practice d. All of the above

a. Negotiating a contract

The initiation phase of a mentoring relationship involves which of the following? a. Negotiation and goal setting b. Assessment of outcomes c. Increased autonomy for the mentee d. Mentor and mentee friendship

a. Negotiation and goal setting

A client is being examined by an occupational therapist to determine if he has memory loss and, if so, how extensive it is. The best type of assessment for this purpose would have which of the following characteristics? a. Norm-referenced standardized test scores b. Criterion-referenced standardized test scores c. A reliability coefficient of .70 or less d. None of the above

a. Norm-referenced standardized test scores

NBCOT owns which of the following registered marks? a. OTR and COTA b. OT and OTA c. OT/L and OTA/L d. LOT and LOTA

a. OTR and COTA

Which section of the grant proposal provides the grant maker with a clear roadmap of the grant writer's intent for funding? a. Objectives b. Summary c. Budget d. Methods

a. Objectives

Which section of the grant proposal provides the grant maker with hypotheses or questions that have a clear correlation with outcomes of the project? a. Objectives b. Summary c. Budget d. Methods

a. Objectives

Which entity typically develops rules or regulations to implement the occupational therapy practice act? a. Occupational therapy SRB b. Governor's office c. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services d. State department of labor

a. Occupational therapy SRB

Which of the following is an example of a sales promotion? a. Offering free health screenings b. Placing an advertisement in the phone book c. Giving a talk about your clinic service at the school d. Meeting with the referring physician

a. Offering free health screenings

Which tool, when completed, assigns a numeric score to a research article? a. PEDro scale b. Holm's (2000) Article Analysis Format c. Critically Appraised Topics d. Trombly and Ma's (2002) Levels of Evidence grading scale

a. PEDro scale

In a closed-panel HMO, which is true? a. Physicians are allowed to treat only clients who are subscribers to that HMO b. The HMO does not contract exclusively with a single group practice (group model) c. The HMO allows the client to choose a doctor outside of the HMO d. The HMO does not contract exclusively with individual physicians (staff model)

a. Physicians are allowed to treat only clients who are subscribers to that HMO

A discretionary change by management is referred to as which of the following? a. Planned change b. Unplanned change c. Micro change d. Macro change

a. Planned change

Which level of preventive outcomes can be expected from an analysis of organizational structure and policies? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. B and C

a. Primary

A corporate organization's foundation that solicits grant proposals to support health-related programs is considered which type of funding source? a. Private b. Public c. Both private and public d. None of the above

a. Private

The Foundation Center is a source for finding which type of funding opportunities? a. Private b. Public c. Both private and public d. None of the above

a. Private

In 2007, most personal health care spending (spending for clinical and professional services received by patients) was paid for by a. Private health insurance b. Out-of-pocket expenses c. Medicare d. Medicaid and SCHIP

a. Private health insurance

Which section of the grant proposal should be succinct and persuasive and include current state and national statistical, survey, and report information? a. Problem or needs b. Cover letter c. Budget d. Methods

a. Problem or needs

Which of the following is the least effective method for identifying a quality research article? a. Reading the abstract b. Completing the PEDro scale c. Using Holm's (2000) Article Analysis Format d. Completing Trombly and Ma's (2002) Levels of Evidence grading scale

a. Reading the abstract

The biggest challenge for the manager of rehabilitation professionals is a. Recruiting and retaining competent staff b. Meeting productivity standards c. Keeping up with payment changes d. Understanding documentation requirements

a. Recruiting and retaining competent staff

The responsibilities of those who oversee personnel management, especially the securing of professional staff, include a. Recruitment, retention, and termination b. Advertising, marketing, and termination c. Training d. Recruitment and termination

a. Recruitment, retention, and termination

The Medicare prospective payment system (PPS) has had a profound effect on the development of the health care industry by a. Reducing emphasis on inpatient services b. Reducing outpatient programs c. Reducing community programs d. Increasing emphasis on inpatient services

a. Reducing emphasis on inpatient services

Managers need to understand that employees want to be a. Satisfied on the job b. Challenged c. Supervised closely d. Their peer

a. Satisfied on the job

The President's role in policy making includes a. Setting the agenda b. Holding hearings on the issues c. Employing lobbyists to advocate for special interest groups d. All of the above

a. Setting the agenda

The most restrictive managed care model is a. Staff model (HMO) b. PPO c. POS plan d. Network model (HMO)

a. Staff model (HMO)

The manager must understand a. State laws governing the employees they are supervising b. Trends in the hiring practices of health professionals c. Issues related to specialization for the future d. Anticipated changes in ordering supplies and equipment

a. State laws governing the employees they are supervising

Authentic listening includes a. Summarizing b. Pretending to listen c. Using "I" statements d. Apologizing

a. Summarizing

Education for an occupational therapy practitioner is a. Technical (associate's degree) or professional (postbaccalaureate degree) b. Undefined c. Professional d. Technical

a. Technical (associate's degree) or professional (postbaccalaureate degree)

Special interest groups include a. The American Occupational Therapy Association b. Congress c. The President d. All of the above

a. The American Occupational Therapy Association

A forecast of your revenue and expenditures is called a. The budget b. Start-up costs c. Gross income d. Cash flow

a. The budget

The focus of mentoring research changed recently for which of the following reasons? a. The context and complexity of work environments changed b. There was a dearth of research on the roles and benefits of successful mentoring relationships c. Extended apprenticeships were more the norm d. The workforce was younger and more diverse, so mentoring became obsolete

a. The context and complexity of work environments changed

Which of the following is NOT an example of a complex adaptive system? a. The heating, cooling, and ventilation system of a large office building b. A therapy clinic c. An ant colony d. A surgical team

a. The heating, cooling, and ventilation system of a large office building

An employee experiences a death in the family, and extra coverage is needed for 3 days. The department has already been working overtime, and when the manager requests volunteers for coverage, no one is able. Which action will show the best-quality leadership? a. The manager steps in and covers open shifts, despite having previous plans b. The managers forces employees to take the open shifts, even though they are already working overtime c. The manager leaves the shifts open and informs the employees already working that they will just have to make do d. The manager calls patients and tries to reschedule the appointments

a. The manager steps in and covers open shifts, despite having previous plans

The "payback period" for a service or program refers to a. The period required for the return on an investment (i.e. to "repay" the sum of the original investment) b. The point at which costs or expenses and revenue are equal c. The time it takes to pay back investors d. None of the above

a. The period required for the return on an investment (i.e. to "repay" the sum of the original investment)

According to Kantor et al.'s (2008) discussion of leadership adaptability, which style of leadership is the most effective during periods of constant change? a. The pioneer b. The good citizen c. The steadfast visionary d. The creative accommodator

a. The pioneer

The "breakeven point" is a. The point at which expenses and revenue are equal b. The time required for the return on an investment (i.e. to "repay" the original investment) c. The time it takes to pay back investors d. None of the above

a. The point at which expenses and revenue are equal

Which of the following is NOT true about licensure laws? a. They are the same in every state b. They may incorporate the AOTA "Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards" c. They can impose criminal and civil penalties on violators d. All of the above

a. They are the same in every state

A person is hired in a leadership role. In regard to authority, they can expect which of the following? a. To have to earn the right to authority b. To be given the right to authority the first day of work c. To not have to worry about having authority d. None of the above

a. To have to earn the right to authority

The consultant may assume many roles during the course of the consultation, including which of the following? a. Trainer b. Decision maker c. Problem solver d. All of the above

a. Trainer

Many SRBs have created additional education and experience requirements beyond entry-level for occupational therapy practitioners that use which of the following interventions? a. Use of physical agent modalities b. Therapeutic exercise c. Training in activities of daily living d. Training in techniques to enhance functional mobility

a. Use of physical agent modalities

Which of the following should be avoided in a successful phone call? a. Using prepared notes so that you sound genuine and friendly b. Introducing yourself by name even when answering your own phone c. Trying to end the phone call on a positive note such as thanking the other person d. Clearly establishing the reason for the call and the objectives to be accomplished

a. Using prepared notes so that you sound genuine and friendly

Fairness can contribute to employee motivation because a. When all employees are treated fairly and given equal opportunity for achievement, they are more likely to contribute to the success of the organization b. Employees do not like change c. Employees feel empowered d. None of the above

a. When all employees are treated fairly and given equal opportunity for achievement, they are more likely to contribute to the success of the organization

A business memo is used primarily to communicate a. With an internal audience b. With an external audience c. Only to higher-ups in the organization d. Only to subordinates in the organization

a. With an internal audience

As a manager, you are very inconvenienced by Peter's absence following the birth of his child. He took off 9 weeks from work, returned to work, and then took another 3 weeks off when his baby needed surgery. You really want to terminate him because you feel he is not a responsible employee. You consult with human resources and they tell you a. You can't terminate Peter because he is protected by the Family Medical Leave Act b. You can terminate Peter because he is NOT protected by the Family Medical Leave Act c. You can't terminate Peter because he is protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act d. You can terminate Peter because he is NOT protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act

a. You can't terminate Peter because he is protected by the Family Medical Leave Act

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the value of networking or collaboration? a. You risk losing business to your colleagues b. You benefit from joint resources and advantages c. You establish good public relations in your community d. You promote your services and products through additional marketing channels

a. You risk losing business to your colleagues

Which of the following is NOT a principle of rewarding employees successfully? a. Matching the reward to the person b. 3% match on the retirement plan c. Timeliness d. Authenticity

b. 3% match on the retirement plan

The recruitment process for health professionals consists of how many basic steps? a. 2 b. 7 c. 3 d. 5

b. 7

A market analysis is a. A formal statement of a set of business development goals and a plan for reaching those goals with key requirements and outcomes b. A documented investigation of supply and demand in a service sector that is used to inform business planning activities c. Formal operationalization of the visionary goal d. None of the above

b. A documented investigation of supply and demand in a service sector that is used to inform business planning activities

Effective occupational therapy managers demonstrate a. An avoidance of conflict b. A timely resolution to conflict c. A focus on productivity d. Rigidity

b. A timely resolution to conflict

Which AOTA body publishes the standards for accredited occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant educational programs? a. NBCOT b. ACOTE c. AOTA Commission on Practice d. AOTA Commission on Standards and Ethics

b. ACOTE

Employees who reach the managerial level can now do which of the following? a. Feel confident that they no longer need to be educated b. Always look for ways to increase their knowledge and learn new things c. Only become educated in an area when they feel it is absolutely necessary d. Skim the needed information and not worry about fully understanding the new material they are expected to learn

b. Always look for ways to increase their knowledge and learn new things

According to the AOTA 2006 "Workforce and Compensation Survey", what percentage of occupational therapy practitioners are self-employed or contract employees (not including part-time)? a. Approximately 7% b. Approximately 12% c. Approximately 23% d. Approximately 37%

b. Approximately 12%

In response to the rapidly changing service delivery environment, organizations must frequently a. Revisit their payer source mix b. Assess their direction and purpose c. Revise goals and objectives d. Review employee performance

b. Assess their direction and purpose

Which of the following is NOT a suggested strategy for finding funding matches during the prospect research phase? a. Contact past grant reviewers from the grant maker's organization b. Avoid calling the grant maker with questions c. Thoroughly review the application packet information d. Contact past grantees from the grant maker's organization

b. Avoid calling the grant maker with questions

Occupational therapists should understand federal, state, and private health insurance policy requirements to a. Be able to help patients choose health insurance plans b. Be able to provide patients with options for therapy within the structure of their health care coverage c. Be able to limit therapy, so the patient never pays out of pocket d. Ensure they get paid for everything they do

b. Be able to provide patients with options for therapy within the structure of their health care coverage

When is the BEST to perform a needs assessment? a. Before a program is initiated b. Before a program is initiated and as a continuing part of programmatic data collection c. Annually d. None of the above

b. Before a program is initiated and as a continuing part of programmatic data collection

A SWOT analysis should be performed a. Before a program is initiated b. Before initiating a program and as a continuing part of assessing market conditions c. Annually d. None of the above

b. Before initiating a program and as a continuing part of assessing market conditions

Research shows that practitioners can avoid claims for malpractice by a. Discussing patients with your friends to get feedback b. Being nice to your patients c. Carefully planning your treatment sessions d. None of the above

b. Being nice to your patients

Which of the following statements is true? a. The Joint Commission was formerly called CARF b. CARF conducts a site survey as a collaborative effort c. CARF was formed to accredit educational institutions only d. CARF is under the supervision of AOTA

b. CARF conducts a site survey as a collaborative effort

Entrepreneurs are a central foundation of a. Large corporate companies b. Capital-centered economies c. Socialist-centered economies d. Government-centered health research programs

b. Capital-centered economies

What government agency is the single largest payer of health care services in the United States? a. Veterans Administration b. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services c. Food and Drug Administration d. Office of Personnel Management

b. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Although Karyn doesn't hold a formal title or position of leadership, she has pushed herself and her colleagues to become more efficient and effective by redesigning the department's processes. According to Kouzes and Posner (2007), Karyn is engaging in which of the following leadership practices? a. Encouraging the heart b. Challenging the process c. Enabling others d. Inspiring a shared vision

b. Challenging the process

If a practitioner decides to begin a business using his or her skills in occupational therapy, it is essential that the practitioner does which of the following to ensure that the business falls within the parameters of acceptable practice? a. Check with the American Occupational Therapy Association b. Check the licensure laws, state regulations, and other legislative issues c. Check with the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy d. All of the above

b. Check the licensure laws, state regulations, and other legislative issues

An occupational therapist in an outpatient diabetes management clinic wants to perform a research investigation in which he studies client characteristics over the next 6 months and compares them to a group of age-matched participants without diabetes. The best research design for him would be which of the following? a. Case-control design b. Cohort design c. Single-case design d. Before-after design

b. Cohort design

A process for demonstrating competencies and development of capacity for the future is referred to as a. Good management b. Continuing competence c. Specialization d. Attaining an advanced degree

b. Continuing competence

The provision of occupational therapy services is most challenged by a. Lack of evidence-based practice b. Cost containment issues c. Insufficient supply of qualified workers d. Technology-related costs

b. Cost containment issues

Which section of the grant proposal should include the title and project intent but not exceed one page? a. Problem or needs b. Cover letter c. Budget d. Methods

b. Cover letter

Clients would purchase a Medigap Policy to a. Insure them from the time they retire to when they turn 65 years of age b. Cover the out-of-pocket deductibles and co-insurance amounts required by the traditional Medicare plan c. Cover dental and vision appointments d. Insure them when they travel out of state

b. Cover the out-of-pocket deductibles and co-insurance amounts required by the traditional Medicare plan

Which of the following reports used by managers to assess performance of therapy program services usually includes quick reference indicators of cost, revenue, client satisfaction, and quality outcomes for a given time period? a. Benchmark b. Dashboard c. Quality assurance d. Productivity

b. Dashboard

Which of the following is the best way to allow consumers to "experience" the service or product? a. Give free therapy sessions b. Develop a Web site that allows consumers to interact with your service or product c. Tell consumers about the service or product in a monthly newsletter d. None of the above

b. Develop a Web site that allows consumers to interact with your service or product

To own and operate a consultation practice, the occupational therapy professional must do which of the following? a. Hire a tax accountant b. Develop a business plan c. Obtain a bank loan d. All of the above

b. Develop a business plan

Which of the following statements is true of evidence-based practice? a. EBP is a finite process b. EBP helps practitioners apply current treatment options c. EBP takes precedence over clinical judgment and a client's priorities d. EBP is optional

b. EBP helps practitioners apply current treatment options

The successful consultant must devote time, energy, and money to which of the following important activities? a. Developing a Web site b. Educating potential client organizations and populations c. Establishing an office d. A and C

b. Educating potential client organizations and populations

"Netiquette" is a term that most accurately refers to guidelines for a. Safely searching the Internet b. Effective online communication c. Choosing communication software d. Effective telephone communication

b. Effective online communication

The purpose of a bicameral design in Congress is to a. Have more people in office b. Ensure representation of states as well as individuals c. Create interesting discussion d. All of the above

b. Ensure representation of states as well as individuals

Which of the following describes the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)? a. A free public program that emphasizes children being placed in the same classrooms and learning the same lessons, regardless of disability b. Ensures that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their individual needs c. Ensures that all children with disabilities have special education and related services provided to them with a minimal fee d. Mandates that all children with disabilities attend school year-round until they are 22 years of age

b. Ensures that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their individual needs

Eric, a Level II occupational therapy fieldwork student, decides to copy some assessment tools so he can use them in his practice after he passes the certification exam. He plans to open his own practice, and copying the assessments will save him some money. Which of the following is true? a. Eric may copy the assessments if he only makes 1 copy for now b. Eric is probably violating the copyright for the publisher or author c. Eric has no problem as long as he doesn't make additional copies of the assessment tools after he passes the certification exam d. Eric can make these copies because they fall under the fair use exception

b. Eric is probably violating the copyright for the publisher or author

CARF improves health care for the public by doing which of the following: a. Notifying stakeholders to invest in programs that meet standards b. Evaluating rehabilitation centers c. Evaluating health care organizations d. Promoting safe and effective academic programs

b. Evaluating rehabilitation centers

The Joint Commission improves health care for the public by doing all of the following except: a. Collaborating with stakeholders b. Evaluating rehabilitation centers c. Evaluating health care organizations d. Promoting safe and effective care

b. Evaluating rehabilitation centers

The 2010 AOTA "Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards" states that professional development must be supported through mentoring relationships - true or false? a. True b. False c. The code specifies that occupational therapists must have mentors but does not specify how d. Professional development is not addressed in the "Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards"

b. False

All mentoring relationships provide the same degree of both psychosocial and career development functions - true or false? a. True b. False; relationships provide varying degrees of both c. False; mentors do not provide career functions d. False; both of these functions are provided by others in the mentee's life

b. False; relationships provide varying degrees of both

Expenses that remain constant from month to month and do not change with volume or activity are called a. Small business b. Fixed c. Variable d. Flexible

b. Fixed

In today's market, managers need to be a. Rigid and structured b. Flexible and creative c. Focused only on productivity d. Determined to make every employee work out as a success

b. Flexible and creative

The discussion section of a research article does not include a. Limitations of the study b. Generalizations not supported by the research design c. A relationship of findings to the work of others d. A relationship of findings to the problem statement and research question

b. Generalizations not supported by the research design

A principle advantage of recruiting new graduates in a start-up service or program is that new graduates a. Are less expensive b. Have fewer habits and expectations that may not be useful in a start-up situation and that need to be unlearned c. Have new skill sets d. May be willing to work longer hours, which may be necessary in a start-up situation

b. Have fewer habits and expectations that may not be useful in a start-up situation and that need to be unlearned

People who are underinsured a. Acquire their health insurance under their parents or spouses plans b. Have insurance, but coverage does not adequately protect against high medical expenses or pay for all services c. Do not pay much for their insurance plan d. Have insurance that covers all medical expenses but does not cover dental or vision expenses

b. Have insurance, but coverage does not adequately protect against high medical expenses or pay for all services

Being in a leadership position means which of the following? a. Being able to do what you desire without regard to others' perceptions of you b. Having to be especially aware of your actions and statements at all times c. Having to be aware of yourself when around your superiors d. All of the above

b. Having to be especially aware of your actions and statements at all times

In competing for health care dollars, occupational therapists must market their areas of expertise and, in particular, specify how the profession a. Grew from its origins in mental health care b. Improves participation in daily life activities c. Documents its services d. Calls for health care reform

b. Improves participation in daily life activities

The financial statement that reports the revenues and expenses for a period of time such as a year or a month is the a. Balance sheet b. Income statement c. Statement of cash flows d. Budget

b. Income statement

Kram (1985) defined "psychosocial functions" as a. Organizational behaviors b. Interpersonal growth and professional role development c. Predictors of advancement and increased salary d. Mental health intervention

b. Interpersonal growth and professional role development

Which of the following describes the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA)? a. It contains requirements relating to national health care reform b. It contains requirements relating to privacy and electronic health care transaction and code sets c. It requires health care practitioners to report Medicare fraud d. It is a Medicare-only law

b. It contains requirements relating to privacy and electronic health care transaction and code sets

Which of the following is a true statement about CARF? a. It is the process of qualifying for a small business loan b. It develops standards from a field-driven approach c. It is a system of recognizing organizations for meeting government standards d. It is a system in which the government sends surveyors to find noncompliances that fail to meet a standard

b. It develops standards from a field-driven approach

Which of the following statements is true of an environment and systems analysis? a. It is the responsibility of the client b. It helps define the consultation frame of reference c. It is controlled by the Environmental Protection Agency d. A and B

b. It helps define the consultation frame of reference

Which of the following is true in regard to the use of texting in management communication? a. Texting is one of the more formal modes of management communication b. It is easy to become too informal in a text message c. Texting is a slower form of communication d. Texting has become universally accepted for management communication

b. It is easy to become too informal in a text message

To increase revenues, an occupational therapy manager in a rehabilitation center is told to bill recreational therapy as occupational therapy for all the Medicare and Medicaid patients. Which of the following is true? a. It will increase referrals and makes good business sense b. It probably violates the False Claims Act c. It is an example of the antikickback law d. It is a good example of false imprisonment

b. It probably violates the False Claims Act

The environmental assessment should evaluate all of the following EXCEPT the a. Buying habits of your target markets b. Lack of sufficient qualified personnel to provide the service c. Scope of practice d. Role of mobile devices in marketing your services

b. Lack of sufficient qualified personnel to provide the service

What is one of the three reasons that leaders are crucial? a. Leaders are people who can take the blame when things go wrong b. Leaders help manage through times of change c. Leaders always have an extremely high level of education d. Leaders always follow popular views

b. Leaders help manage through times of change

The Balanced Budget Act a. Helped ensure the availability of occupational therapy services for infants, toddlers, and preschool children b. Made significant changes to the Medicare program c. Was the first comprehensive civil rights law for individuals with disabilities d. All of the above

b. Made significant changes to the Medicare program

Mrs. Smith, age 85, is in a coma and nonresponsive. The therapist goes to her room twice per day for occupational therapy services. The therapist tries to stimulate her with sensory intervention but gets no response. After 8 weeks, the therapist decides to stop seeing Mrs. Smith because the patient census goes up. Mrs. Smith's status remains the same. The therapist may have committed a. Medicare fraud b. Medicare abuse c. HIPAA violations d. Breach of confidentiality

b. Medicare abuse

Marketing objectives include which of the following? a. Solicit certified and licensed personnel b. Meet short- and long-term strategic goals c. Promote the disadvantages of your competitors d. None of the above

b. Meet short- and long-term strategic goals

An occupational therapist recruited a more experienced peer to help him get better organized and manage his time better. He also found his supervisor to be intimidating and asked his peer to help him learn to communicate with her better. The peer's role is which of the following? a. Manager b. Mentor c. Supervisory mentor d. Mentee

b. Mentor

Intrinsic motivation is a. External drive to achieve success b. Motivation driven by internal factors c. Moving others toward goal-directed action d. None of the above

b. Motivation driven by internal factors

"Kinesics" is a term that pertains to the study of a. Space in communication b. Movement (body language) in communication c. The use of voice in communication d. Mobile technology in communication

b. Movement (body language) in communication

A not-for-profit organization a. Must always spend less than they budget each year b. Must reinvest all excess revenue in the organization c. Cannot charge for their services or products d. Is always subsidized by government agencies

b. Must reinvest all excess revenue in the organization

State occupational therapy practice acts and regulations recognize the entry-level examination for occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants is administered by a. AOTA b. NBCOT c. ACOTE d. JCAHO

b. NBCOT

Which of the following provides guidelines for patient safety? a. Universal safety goals b. National Patient Safety Goals c. International Joint Commission on Safety d. Error-Free Committee on Safety

b. National Patient Safety Goals

The term "paralinguistics" means the study of a. Use of communication by paraprofessionals b. Nonverbal communication c. Nontraditional communication d. Virtual communication

b. Nonverbal communication

Health-related dimensions, including satisfaction with care, perceptions of health, and functional capacity, that result from occupational therapy intervention are what is meant by which of the following terms? a. Criterion referenced b. Outcomes c. Assessments d. Biases

b. Outcomes

The process in which human resource services are provided by professionals who are not in-house staff is called a. Marketing b. Outsourcing c. Non-in-house services d. Continuous quality improvement

b. Outsourcing

The least restrictive managed care model is a. Staff models (HMO) b. PPO c. POS plan d. Network models (HMO)

b. PPO

The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 has had a tremendous impact on the practice of occupational therapy. The BBA is an example of what type of external force? a. Legal b. Political c. Cultural d. Competitive

b. Political

A group formed (as by an industry or an issue-oriented organization) to raise and contribute money to the campaigns of candidates likely to advance the group's interests is more commonly known as a a. Congressional committee b. Political action committee c. Professional association d. Presidential forum

b. Political action committee

A completed SWOT analysis provides the basis for a. Evaluation criteria b. Possible scenarios c. Specific goals d. Predictable growth

b. Possible scenarios

Which section of the grant proposal provides the grant maker with a convincing argument for the significance of and need for the proposed program as well as a summary of the research in the topic area? a. Cover letter b. Problem or needs c. Budget d. Methods

b. Problem or needs

Newly introduced therapeutic activities that occur within newly developed space by an occupational therapy department are an example of which type of change? a. Transformational change b. Process change c. Unplanned change d. Structural change

b. Process change

The National Institutes of Health is considered which type of funding source? a. Private b. Public c. Both private and public d. None of the above

b. Public

The grants.gov database provides grant writers with information concerning what type of funding sources? a. Private b. Public c. Both private and public d. None of the above

b. Public

Self-assessment of experiences and their learning value is called a. Feedback b. Reflection c. Managing stress anxiety d. Validation

b. Reflection

Which of the following is not an example of effective conflict resolution? a. Aiming for resolution b. Remaining skeptical c. Engaging in authentic listening d. None of the above

b. Remaining skeptical

Strategy success and its measurement are best implemented by the a. Organizational president b. Responsible staff or unit c. Stakeholders d. Planning director

b. Responsible staff or unit

Basic budget concepts are a. Capital expense, variable expense, and fixed expense b. Revenue, total costs, and profit c. Salaries, equipment, and overhead d. Projected units of service and cost of producing a unit

b. Revenue, total costs, and profit

Which acronym is important to remember and follow when developing objectives? a. FINER (Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical, and Relevant) b. SIMPLE (Specific, Immediate, Measurable, Practical, Logical, and Evaluative) c. POIC (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) d. None of the above

b. SIMPLE (Specific, Immediate, Measurable, Practical, Logical, and Evaluative)

A step in the strategic planning process that identifies and examines an organization's internal and external environments is best described as a. Strategy development b. SWOT analysis c. Scenario expansion d. Vision clarification

b. SWOT analysis

Conflict resolution can be impeded by a. Making the first offer b. Seeing a compromise as a loss c. Finding mutually beneficial goals d. Flexibility

b. Seeing a compromise as a loss

Recruiting participants for a research study by asking for volunteers is an example of ________ bias and tends to favor ________. a. Measurement/the treatment group b. Selection/the treatment group c. Measurement/the control group d. Selection/the control group

b. Selection/the treatment group

When the outcomes or goals of the mentoring relationship are achieved, what stage does the relationship enter? a. Dissolution or termination b. Separation or redefinition c. Discharge d. Unemployment

b. Separation or redefinition

Identifying and evaluating alternatives for addressing a problem or need and increasing support for a proposed change are consistent with which step in the organizational change process? a. Step 1: Identification of the need for change b. Step 2: Planning for implementing the change c. Step 3: Implementing the change d. Step 4: Evaluating the change

b. Step 2: Planning for implementing the change

Which section of the grant proposal provides the grant maker with an introduction to the idea, research objectives, sample and size methods, duration, and evaluation methods of the proposed project? a. Objectives b. Summary c. Budget d. Methods

b. Summary

Which element from an organization's external environment has revolutionized health care practice? a. Cultural influences b. Technological influences c. Political influences d. Economic influences

b. Technological influences

Which of the following is true? a. The Joint Commission was formerly called CARF b. The Joint Commission was formerly called JCAHO c. The Joint Commission was formed to accredit educational institutions only d. The Joint Commission is under the supervision of AOTA

b. The Joint Commission was formally called JCAHO

The Vice President presides over a. The House of Representatives b. The Senate c. Congress d. All of the above

b. The Senate

Which of the following statements is true in regard to the leader's responsibility for detail? a. The leader leaves detail to the employees; the leader handles details only if a problem arises b. The leader needs to be aware of the key components of the details and must pay attention to them c. The leader should be obsessed with each and every fact and with everything that happens, who did what, and why d. None of the above

b. The leader needs to be aware of the key components of the details and must pay attention to them

When The Joint Commission survey team conducts a site visit, which of the following is NOT true? a. The occupational therapy practitioners may be interviewed b. The occupational therapy department's policies and procedures will be audited c. The survey team may wish to know how occupational therapy services contribute to the organization's care of clients d. The survey team may interview clients

b. The occupational therapy department's policies and procedures will be audited

According to a study by the Gallup Organization (Buckingham & Coffman, 1999), all of the following employee satisfaction items are correlated with key business indicators except a. At work, I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day b. The pay and benefits structure is equitable c. I have a best friend at work d. My supervisor, or someone at work, seems to care about me as a person

b. The pay and benefits structure is equitable

The weakest form of state regulation for occupational therapy practitioners is a. Licensure b. Title protection c. State certification d. Registration

b. Title protection

A major university that is restructuring academic programs into a new college alignment incurs which type of change? a. Micro change b. Transformational change c. Unplanned change d. Traditional change

b. Transformational change

A "general partnership" is a legal structure that has a. More than one person involved in the management of a business b. Two or more owners c. One partner who manages the business and others who have only invested in the business d. Stockholders

b. Two or more owners

To best allow for flexibility in a system, it should function in which of the following environments? a. High control and planning b. Zone of complexity between order and chaos c. Low control over and low certainty of outcomes d. Support through detailed policies and procedures

b. Zone of complexity between order and chaos

Which of the following would be the most appropriate comment for a leader to make? a. "Hey, nice job today." b. Encouraging comments are not necessary, employees are motivated by their paycheck c. "I really wanted to congratulate you on the outstanding performance you have been giving. Your contributions make a difference and are appreciated." d. "I know you have been working a lot, but this really is not enough. We need to step it up a notch."

c. "I really wanted to congratulate you on the outstanding performance you have been giving. Your contributions make a difference and are appreciated."

To claim reliability, an assessment tool must have a coefficient of at least a. .10 b. .90 c. .70 d. .005

c. .70

In 2007, what percentage of U.S. health dollars came from Medicare? a. 7% b. 12% c. 19% d. 35%

c. 19%

In 2007, what percentage of U.S. health care dollars were spent on hospital care? a. 21% b. 25% c. 31% d. 35%

c. 31%

Which of the following is the highest CARF category for accreditation? a. 2-year accreditation b. 3-year accreditation c. 4-year accreditation d. Approximately 45 days

c. 4-year accreditation

The House has how many members? a. 50 b. 100 c. 435 d. 425

c. 435

After The Joint Commission conducts its site survey, approximately how long does it take to make an official accreditation decision? a. 3 years b. 1 week c. 45 days d. 24 hours

c. 45 days

The AOTA noted that which of the following barriers can interfere with the success of the "Centennial Vision" statement? a. Continuation of the Medicare cap on outpatient services b. Consumer confusion between occupational therapy and physical therapy c. A rigid adherence to the status quo d. Limited knowledge and use of technology by occupational therapy practitioners

c. A rigid adherence to the status quo

Which of the following is not a common component of a business letter? a. The full address of the recipient b. A formal opening salutation c. A standard header summarizing the topic of the letter d. An introductory paragraph explaining the purpose of the letter

c. A standard header summarizing the topic of the letter

Which best describes CARF accreditation? a. The accreditation process most commonly for small businesses b. The process of meeting standards to operate skilled-nursing facilities c. A system of recognizing organizations for meeting a certain level of performance, integrity, and quality in rehabilitation facilities d. An accreditation system in which the government monitors compliance and fines those facilities that fail to meet its rigorous standards

c. A system of recognizing organizations for meeting a certain level of performance, integrity, and quality in rehabilitation facilities

Which best describes "accreditation"? a. The process of qualifying for a business loan b. The process of meeting standards c. A system of recognizing organizations for meeting a level of performance, integrity, and quality d. A system in which the government sends surveyors to find noncompliances that fail to meet a standard

c. A system of recognizing organizations for meeting a level of performance, integrity, and quality

Strategic planning would be the least effective in an organization that has a. Cost containment concerns b. Environmental challenges c. Absence of identified mission d. Decreased morale among staff

c. Absence of identified mission

You are setting up an account to handle your bills, credit card balances, and loan obligations. What is this type of account called? a. Cash flow b. Accrual account c. Accounts payable d. Capital expenditure

c. Accounts payable

Occupational therapy education is overseen by the a. American Occupational Therapy Association b. National Board for the Certification of Occupational Therapists c. Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education d. American Occupational Therapy Political Action Committee

c. Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the concept of broad participation? a. The workload of analyzing and implementing current evidence is shared b. More rigorous decision making can be achieved c. All practitioners use the exact same approach d. 100% participation is not required

c. All practitioners use the exact same approach

One key outcome of an organization's management of the planning process is a. Creation of positions b. Acceptance of consensus c. Allocation of resources d. Budget expansion

c. Allocation of resources

The publication manual most frequently used by professional occupational therapy journals is published by the a. Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education b. National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy c. American Psychological Association d. American Occupational Therapy Association

c. American Psychological Association

Conflict resolution is a. Avoiding conflict b. A competition c. An attempt to resolve a problem d. None of the above

c. An attempt to resolve a problem

Performance appraisals are a. Optional, depending on the organization b. Necessary only when attempting to terminate an employee c. An effective tool for keeping employees aware of expectations and performance d. The only way to measure productivity

c. An effective tool for keeping employees aware of expectations and performance

Which of the following is not a good suggestion for enhancing the effectiveness of conversations? a. Paraphrase or restate what you heard, remembering that the real purpose of paraphrasing is not to clarify what the other person actually meant, but to show what it meant to you b. Describe behavior without making accusations or generalizations about motives c. Avoid the use of open-ended questions d. Ask for additional details and examples to show interest and to indicate that you are open to the speaker's message

c. Avoid the use of open-ended questions

Which of the following are steps occupational therapists can take to avoid malpractice? a. Renew their license in a timely manner b. Only bill for occupational therapy services actually performed c. Be nice to patients d. All of the above

c. Be nice to patients

A needs assessment should be performed a. Because it gives clients an opportunity to state whether they are satisfied with current services b. Because clients have a realistic expectation that they are asked about their wants and needs c. Because it is important to find out about potential clients of the proposed service and what they would want and/or need from the potential services d. None of the above

c. Because it is important to find out about potential clients of the proposed service and what they would want and/or need from the potential services

To prepare for a CARF survey, occupational therapy managers should do which of the following? a. Memorize all of the standards, and create policies for the self-study document b. Make all of the standards into policy so that the standards are practiced at the clinical level c. Become completely familiar with the current standards, and examine current policies and procedures for conformance with the standards d. Conduct a survey among staff and clients, and see if The Joint Commission accepts your survey as a substitute for its standards

c. Become completely familiar with the current standards, and examine current policies and procedures for conformance with the standards

To prepare for a Joint Commission survey, occupational therapy practitioners must do which of the following? a. Memorize all of the standards, and create policies for the self-study document b. Perform continuous improvement until the standards are practiced at the administrative level c. Become completely familiar with the current standards, and examine current policies and procedures for conformance with the standards d. Conduct a survey among staff and clients, and see if The Joint Commission accepts your survey as a substitute for their standards

c. Become completely familiar with the current standards, and examine current policies and procedures for conformance with the standards

An occupational therapist wants to measure the efficacy of her stress management group for psychiatric clients at her long-term outpatient clinic. Her ongoing stress management group runs for 10 sessions and then repeats with different clients, as most of her clients could benefit from stress management training. The best research design for her would be which of the following? a. Randomized control trial b. Cohort design c. Before-after design d. Cross-sectional design

c. Before-after design

CARF developed performance indicators to a. Measure the cost of health care b. Make accreditation more difficult to obtain c. Better demonstrate services' value and basis in evidence d. None of the above

c. Better demonstrate services' value and basis in evidence

In AOTA documents, occupational therapy practitioners include a. Occupational therapists b. Occupational therapy assistants c. Both occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants d. Those who work in long-term-care settings

c. Both occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants

The Community of Science is a source for finding which type of funding opportunities? a. Private b. Public c. Both private and public d. None of the above

c. Both private and public

Which section of the grant proposal provides the grant maker with information concerning funding justifications for proposed activities? a. Objectives b. Summary c. Budget d. Methods

c. Budget

How does Medicare pay for Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)? a. Fee-for-service payments b. Per-diem payments c. Capitated monthly payments d. PACE is not covered under Medicare

c. Capitated monthly payments

If a participant receives another form of treatment at the same time as the research investigation, a _______ bias has been introduced in favor of _______. a. Cointervention/the treatment group b. Cointervention/the control group c. Cointervention/either group d. Contamination/treatment group

c. Cointervention/either group

Which of the following is a characteristic of evolutionary progress? a. Steady, predictable progress b. Unlimited growth and expansion c. Constant tension and rebalancing d. Consensus before experimenting with options

c. Constant tension and rebalancing

The term "corporate culture" refers to a. Tolerance of diversity within a corporation b. Personnel policies and procedures and how employees are treated c. Corporate values and beliefs that influence what staff do and how they do it d. All of the above

c. Corporate values and beliefs that influence what staff do and how they do it

According to Kantor et al.'s (2008) discussion of leadership adaptability, which of the following are important characteristics for successful leaders to possess? a. Courage and charm b. Organization and curiosity c. Courage and curiosity d. Popularity and curiosity

c. Courage and curiosity

An occupational therapist is interested in correlating the number of foster care placements foster children have had with their grade point average. She does not have access to a population of foster children, but she does have access to a national database that stores confidential information about thousands of foster children. She plans to examine the database once to gather data for her research. The best research design for her to use is which of the following? a. Case study design b. Randomized control trial c. Cross-sectional design d. Case control design

c. Cross-sectional design

Delegation is an effective strategy for building employee motivation because a. Delegation takes the workload off the manager b. Delegation builds morale c. Delegation builds new skills and develops new competencies d. All of the above

c. Delegation builds new skills and develops new competencies

The first form of prospective payment system occurred in 1983 and had a significant influence on reimbursement and the development of programs that now employ many occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants. That system is called a. Fee for service b. Managed care c. Diagnosis-related groups d. Retrospective payment

c. Diagnosis-related groups

Which of the following is a characteristic of the social media? a. Not a good way to market to mass markets b. Most costly type of marketing strategy c. Different from traditional media in their use of a collaborative process among users d. Cannot demonstrate value

c. Different from traditional media in their use of a collaborative process among users

According to this chapter, what is the greatest challenge of leadership? a. Maintaining productivity levels b. Watching what every employee is doing at all times c. Effectively allocating necessary energy d. None of the above

c. Effectively allocating necessary energy

The "Four E's" of communication are which of the following? a. Engaging, entitling, empathizing, and educating b. Enlisting, educating, entitling, and enlightening c. Engaging, empathizing, educating, and enlisting d. Enlightening, enrolling, empathizing, and excelling

c. Engaging, empathizing, educating, and enlisting

The Speaker of the House is selected by a. Majority party b. President c. Entire House of Representatives d. Minority party

c. Entire House of Representatives

The right-to-health concept is ultimately a matter of a. Economics b. Politics c. Ethics d. Religion

c. Ethics

Summaries of articles that include research findings and limitations of a study can be found in AOTA's a. Critically Appraised Topics b. Critically Appraised Papers c. Evidence Briefs d. Evidence-Based Practice Research Directory

c. Evidence Briefs

Reaching an effective compromise requires a. Meeting for the intellectual exercise b. Passively listening to the other party c. Exploring ideas for resolution d. Giving in to the other party

c. Exploring ideas for resolution

Between 1970 and 1984, the number of practicing occupational therapists doubled because a. Occupational therapy became a glamorous profession b. Schools of occupational therapy closed down c. Federal legislation encouraged the growth of the profession to address a shortage of allied health personnel d. None of the above

c. Federal legislation encouraged the growth of the profession to address a shortage of allied health personnel

A win-win resolution to conflict includes a. Achieving a double victory in favor of a person b. Agreeing to disagree c. Finding a mutually beneficial solution d. Giving in to the other person

c. Finding a mutually beneficial solution

If a therapist performs an intervention and bills the patient for a different intervention that reimburses at a higher rate, this is an example of a. Malpractice b. Vicarious liability c. Fraud d. Battery

c. Fraud

The American Medical Association (AMA) has which committee that annually advises the CPT Editorial Panel on codes and issues affecting non-physician practitioner services? a. American Association of Non-Physicians (AANP) b. Non-Physician Health Care Advisory Committee (NPHCAC) c. Health Care Professionals Advisory Committee (HCPAC) d. Physicians for Non-Physician Health Care Committee (PFNPHCC)

c. Health Care Professionals Advisory Committee (HCPAC)

According to the research, mentors benefit in which of the following ways from a mentorship program? a. Advancement b. Increased compensation c. Increased job enthusiasm and job satisfaction d. Power and status

c. Increased job enthusiasm and job satisfaction

To prepare for the leadership challenge of forming a quality improvement task force at each of multiple facilities, a new occupational therapy supervisor should initially focus on which of the following leadership competencies? a. Transformational b. Political c. Interorganizational d. Intraorganizational

c. Interorganizational

A physician offers the occupational therapy department a deal. He will refer all of his hand patients to the clinic and in return the clinic will give the physician 10% of the money paid for occupational therapy services. Which of the following is true about this arrangement? a. It will increase referrals and makes good business sense b. It may be a form of malpractice in some states that cover this behavior c. It is probably prohibited by the antikickback statute d. All of the above

c. It is probably prohibited by the antikickback statute

Which of the following best describes a business plan? a. It is a standard template associated with the use of proxemics to plan physical spaces for a business b. It is a short, one-page description of a planned product or business used primarily for press announcements and promotion c. It outlines an organization's plan for a new product for which it will seek funding or a plan for a new business d. It is a document traditionally shared only with internal audiences; an example is budget and financial updates for staff

c. It outlines an organization's plan for a new product for which it will seek funding or a plan for a new business

Purchase expense refers to a. Expense that remains constant from one month to another b. Expense that changes with the volume of service you provide c. Items you own that will depreciate d. Items you own that will appreciate

c. Items you own that will depreciate

Which of the following statements is true? a. Leadership is a characteristic of a position within an organization b. Leadership and management are synonymous c. Leadership is everyone's business d. Only those who possess knowledge and intelligence can be leaders

c. Leadership is everyone's business

The U.S. Small Business Administration makes loans to small businesses and start-up businesses. These loans are administered by a. Federal government b. State government c. Local banks d. Small Business Association

c. Local banks

A transformational change is synonymous with which kind of change? a. Micro change b. Unplanned change c. Macro change d. Contextual change

c. Macro change

The key to profitability is a. Filling all staff positions b. Managing supplies c. Managing cash flow D. Doing the work yourself

c. Managing cash flow

Which of the following should a leader avoid when promoting broad participation? a. Allowing room for dissent b. Discussing barriers openly c. Mandating accountability d. Supporting multiple projects at once

c. Mandating accountability

The research design must be clearly stated in which section of a research article? a. Introduction b. Literature review c. Methodology d. Results

c. Methodology

The professional body for the oversight of initial certification in occupational therapy is a. Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education b. American Occupational Therapy Association c. National Board for the Certification of Occupational Therapists d. American Occupational Therapy Foundation

c. National Board for the Certification of Occupational Therapists

An example of an intrinsic motivator is a. Salary b. Reward c. Need to contribute to society d. Honors

c. Need to contribute to society

Which of the following is a measure of contribution to the occupational therapy body of knowledge? a. Number of years of experience as an occupational therapist b. Number of conferences attended c. Number of conference presentations made d. Promotion to a higher health care administrative position

c. Number of conference presentations made

Analysis of the structure and policies of the organization is an example of which type of occupational therapy consultation? a. Administrative model of consultation b. Systems model of consultation c. Organizational development model of consultation d. All of the above

c. Organizational development model of consultation

All of the following are mandatory Medicaid-covered services EXCEPT a. Inpatient and outpatient hospital services b. Pregnancy-related services c. Orthotics and prosthetics d. Laboratory work and x-ray services

c. Orthotics and prosthetics

Which of the following does AOTA's "Evidence-Based Practice Research Directory" include? a. Critically Appraised Papers b. Evidence Briefs c. PEDro scores d. Education research links

c. PEDro scores

The key strategic planning role for the entry-level practitioner (i.e. new graduate) is a. Developing unit budget for the new plan b. Networking with the broader community leaders c. Participating in identifying new initiatives d. Assigning strategies to staff for implementation

c. Participating in identifying new initiatives

Which of the following typology classifications applies to individuals with a Type A personality, high motivation, commitment to projects, and a strong belief that they can control their futures? a. Real managers b. Expert idea generators c. Personal achievers d. Empathic super-salespersons

c. Personal achievers

During conflict, which active communication strategy can facilitate resolution? a. Engaging in dialogue with a person who is emotional b. Avoiding addressing the conflict c. Planning a meeting to discuss the problem d. Using "you" statements

c. Planning a meeting to discuss the problem

If the cash you have coming into a business is greater than that going out of the business, you have a. Profitability b. Loss c. Positive cash flow d. Negative cash flow

c. Positive cash flow

When meeting with Members of Congress a. Talk about as much as possible in 15 minutes b. Bring a binder of information c. Provide a fact sheet on 1-2 issues d. Say that if he or she does not support you, you will not vote for him or her

c. Provide a fact sheet on 1-2 issues

The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 requires that large self-funded group health plans and large employment-related health plans a. Include mental health benefits for an additional cost of no more than $100 b. Include mental health benefits for children who have experienced trauma c. Provide mental health benefits that are no more restrictive in terms of dollar limitations and treatment limitations than benefits for medical and surgical coverage d. Offer add-on packages that pay for mental health services

c. Provide mental health benefits that are no more restrictive in terms of dollar limitations and treatment limitations than benefits for medical and surgical coverage

A key entrepreneur concept is a. Developing a long-term financial plan to sell the concept to high-paying corporations b. Always including a social component to the business plan c. Providing a product or service at a price the market is willing to pay d. Finding the maximum income group before launching the product

c. Providing a product or service at a price the market is willing to pay

One method for reducing turnover and retaining employees is a. Paying higher salaries b. Providing more vacation time c. Providing regular performance reviews d. Hiring the right employees

c. Providing regular performance reviews

The most rigorous research design is which of the following? a. Cohort design b. Case control study c. Randomized controlled trial d. Single-case design

c. Randomized control trial

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of an occupational therapy practice act? a. Licensure requirements b. Definition of "occupational therapy practice" c. Reimbursement rates for occupational therapy services d. Disciplinary procedures

c. Reimbursement rates for occupational therapy services

When providing positive feedback, praise should be a. Delayed b. Minimized c. Related to specific accomplishments that contribute significantly to the success of the program d. None of the above

c. Related to specific accomplishments that contribute significantly to the success of the program

An occupational therapy manager who begins an advanced degree program is providing which of the following mentoring functions for the novice therapist in his department? a. Coaching b. Learning c. Role modeling d. Psychosocial

c. Role modeling

Strategies for controlling emotions during a conflict include a. Avoiding b. Arguing c. Seeking understanding d. Reacting to the person

c. Seeking understanding

Incorporating a change into actual day-to-day operations is consistent with which step in the organizational change process? a. Step 1: Identification of the need for change b. Step 2: Planning for implementing the change c. Step 3: Implementing the change d. Step 4: Evaluating the change

c. Step 3: Implementing the change

Methods selected to achieve goals and objectives are a. Action plans b. Strengths c. Strategies d. Scenarios

c. Strategies

Strategic planning is best described as a a. Precise daily operations schedule b. Budget model c. Template for organizational action d. Allocation formula for staffing

c. Template for organizational action

CARF has a 10-step process for accreditation and publishes the most recent information about it where? a. OT Practice b. The CARF monthly newsletter c. The CARF Web site d. Perspectives

c. The CARF Web site

Which of the following is a characteristic of "mandated accountability"? a. It is designed to reflect purpose b. Goals and plans are set collectively c. The leader is responsible for solving problems identified by others d. It encourages the public expression of doubt

c. The leader is responsible for solving problems identified by others

When CARF survey team conducts a site visit, a. Occupational therapy practitioners may be interviewed b. The policies and procedures of the occupational therapy department will be audited c. The survey team may wish to know how occupational therapy services contribute to the organization's care of clients d. The survey team may interview clients

c. The survey team may wish to know how occupational therapy services contribute to the organization's care of clients

Leaders should be accountable for which of the following? a. Their own individual projects, not those of their employees b. The actions of every person within the company, regardless of department or job status c. Their own actions and the actions of the people within their department d. Nothing; a leader does not have to hold any accountability

c. Their own actions and the actions of the people within their department

Which component do the roles of administrator, manager, supervisor, and consultant have in common? a. They all have responsibility for decision making b. They all have ultimate authority c. They all are an indirect service d. All of the above

c. They all are an indirect service

Breakeven is calculated by finding where a. All expenses can be paid each month b. Revenue and fixed costs meet c. Total costs and total revenue meet d. The owner can draw a salary

c. Total costs and total revenue meet

A health care system that is forced to suddenly downsize due to lower than projected revenues, incurs which type of change? a. Micro change b. Planned change c. Unplanned change d. Scheduled change

c. Unplanned change

Barriers to mentoring such as time, distance, and cost can be efficiently overcome by which of the following? a. Telephone conversations b. Communication through the postal service c. Virtual mentoring d. Traditional mentoring

c. Virtual mentoring

The Americans with Disabilities Act a. Helped ensure the availability of occupational therapy services for infants, toddlers, and preschool children b. Made significant changes to the Medicare program c. Was the first comprehensive civil rights law for individuals with disabilities d. All of the above

c. Was the first comprehensive civil rights law for individuals with disabilities

Which of the following outcomes best represents marketing success? a. All your consumer surveys give you positive ratings b. You stay within your marketing budget c. You establish your value and your consumers' trust, promoting repeat business d. You are easily accessible and noticeable from the street

c. You establish your value and your consumers' trust, promoting repeat business

You work in a pediatric occupational therapy program and notice some strange marks on a child's arm. The child confides in you that his father sometimes burns him with cigarettes. Which of the following is true? a. You are required to keep this information confidential because the child confided in you b. HIPAA mandates that you keep the information confidential c. You must report this child abuse if your state has a mandatory reporting law d. Privacy and confidentiality require that you keep the information confidential

c. You must report this child abuse if your state has a mandatory reporting law

Which of the following is true about implementing a marketing plan? a. You need to make your employees a sales tool b. You customize the marketing mix to each target market c. You avoid telling consumers which insurance companies you contract with d. A and B

d. A and B

A supervisor recognized that a new occupational therapist was capable of self-reflection, open to constructive feedback, and well regarded in her organization. These characteristics are signs of which of the following? a. Potentially good mentee b. Person not in need of mentoring c. Someone with potential and competency d. A and C

d. A and C

The concept of "multiple points of entry" includes which of the following activities? a. Using the "Levels of Evidence" grading scale by Trombly and Ma (2002) to analyze an article b. Starting a treatment with a purposeful activity rather than a preparatory method c. Starting a monthly journal club d. A and C

d. A and C

Which of the following could be considered an emerging community consultation environment? a. Insurance companies b. Hospital systems c. Architectural firms d. A and C

d. A and C

The roles and responsibilities of occupational therapy SRBs do NOT include a. Investigating violations of the practice act b. Issuing licenses to occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants that meet licensure requirements c. Promulgating rules to regulate the profession d. Advocating for the profession on reimbursement issues

d. Advocating for the profession on reimbursement issues

The AOTA document "Guidelines for Supervision, Roles, and Responsibilities During the Delivery of Occupational Therapy Services" asserts the following about aides a. Minutes of therapy provided by aides in skilled nursing facilities may be counted on the Minimum Data Set b. Aides may be supervised by physical therapists c. Aides may work as occupational therapy assistants with 6 months of on-the-job training d. Aides do not provide skilled occupational therapy services

d. Aides do not provide skilled occupational therapy services

Which of the following patients WOULD NOT be covered by Medicare? a. DJ, a 75 year old male with heart disease b. Justin, a 20 year old male with a spinal cord injury who is receiving Social Security benefits c. Daniel, a 50 year old male with end-stage renal disease d. Alexandra, a 30 year old female who is pregnant

d. Alexandra, a 30 year old female who is pregnant

"I" statements are an effective strategy for a. Engaging in assertive communication b. Resolving conflict c. Ensuring your needs are communicated directly d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A marketing plan needs to include which of the following components? a. Company description, target markets, marketing strategies b. Description of services and products, action plan, monitoring measurements c. Advantages over competition, timeline, costs of each marketing strategy d. All of the above

d. All of the above

AOTA's position on health care reform describes the following concerns: a. Health care must have a proactive, prevention focus b. Health care must address the whole person across the life span and his or her needs for acute and chronic care c. Mental health and substance abuse parity must be included for all d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Active listening a. Builds trust b. Encourages creative problem solving c. Builds mutual respect d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Advocacy can occur a. By writing letters and e-mails b. By in-person visits in the district office or in Washington, D.C. c. Over the phone d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Advocacy do's include a. Establish credibility b. Request specific action c. Follow up d. All of the above

d. All of the above

An entrepreneur acts on a new a. Idea b. Venture c. Opportunity d. All of the above

d. All of the above

An example of an extrinsic motivator is a. Salary b. Honors c. Awards d. All of the above

d. All of the above

An occupational therapy manager could lose his or her license for which of the following a. Billing for services not performed b. "Upcoding" c. Paying money in exchange for referrals d. All of the above

d. All of the above

At present, U.S. health care moneys are generated by a. Business and industry b. Third-party payers and government subsidies c. Private fundraising and individuals d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Collectivistic cultures tend to resolve conflict by a. Ensuring interpersonal harmony b. Avoiding direct communication c. Maintaining the relationship d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Conflict in the hospital setting can contribute to a. Adverse events b. Compromised patient safety c. Patient mortality d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Conflict is a. Unavoidable b. A result of value clashes c. Stressful d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Disciplinary action may be taken against occupational therapy practitioners by the following entity a. AOTA Ethics Commission b. NBCOT c. Occupational therapy SRB d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Effective conflict resolution can lead to a. Staff retention b. Work satisfaction c. Quality client care d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Efficacy research studies may examine which of the following? a. Effectiveness b. Cost c. Patient satisfaction d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Entrepreneurship can a. Provide the opportunity to pursue a dream b. Serve as an alternative to traditional salaried job experiences lost to restructuring or elimination c. Serve as an alternative to unsatisfying job experiences d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Evaluation of occupational therapy services is important in which of the following efforts? a. Marketing occupational therapy skills b. Identifying program improvements c. Securing grants d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Failure to obtain informed consent can lead to a. An action for malpractice in some states b. A lawsuit against you for assaults c. A lawsuit against you for battery d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Formal business plans are needed for a. Volunteer programs b. Nonprofit program development c. For-profit business ventures d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Grant proposals are typically developed for what reason? a. To expand educational opportunities for educating students and clinicians b. To legitimize research programs or training projects c. To advance professional careers d. All of the above

d. All of the above

How can a manager ensure success for a group involved in a research project a. Use a timeline developed by staff to help meet goals b. Use a tracking table to help organize pertinent information from each article c. Acquire administrative support ahead of time d. All of the above

d. All of the above

In 2007, 46 million people in the United States did not have health insurance. Although this group includes all ages, incomes, geographic settings, races, and ethnic groups, which population is less likely to have health insurance than older and wealthier people? a. Children b. People in the lower-income bracket c. People in the middle-income bracket d. All of the above

d. All of the above

In establishing a staffing pattern, which of the following is important in decision making? a. Census b. Severity of clients' condition c. Diagnosis and need for specific therapy d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Inclusiveness and participation effectively improve employee motivation because a. Employees feel they are an important part of the larger organization b. Employees know that their contribution to the success of a strategic plan is valued c. Employees are more likely to take action toward helping the organization meet its goals and objectives d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Leaders typically do which of the following? a. Raise employees' desire to achieve important outcomes and awareness of the process to achieve them b. Encourage employees to move beyond their self-interest for the sake of the team, department, or organization c. Facilitate employees' needs to rise to higher levels in such areas as autonomy, achievement, and affiliation d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Mentoring can a. Motivate an employee toward action b. Produce accountability c. Promote mutual problem solving d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Methods that might be included in a program development needs assessment include a. Surveys b. Interviews c. Focus groups d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Networking involves connecting with others and should include opportunities to interact a. With others at conferences b. At meetings of local chambers of commerce and relevant community benefit organizations c. With competitors at various venues d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapists should apply for a National Provider Identification (NPI) number under which of the following conditions? a. They plan to bill Medicare b. They plan to bill any governmental health care payer c. They plan to bill private insurance companies d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapy managers must ensure that their staff practice according to requirements of a. Their state's licensure law b. AOTA's "Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards" c. Applicable practice guidelines d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapy practitioners can be entrepreneurs in which of the following ways? a. Operate an occupational therapy-related business b. Operate a health-related practice c. Operate a non-health-related practice d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapy practitioners should become familiar with which aspects of the state's occupational therapy practice act and regulations? a. Definition of "occupational therapy practice" b. Supervision requirements for occupational therapy assistants c. Continuing competence requirements d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapy practitioners should participate in advocacy because a. Their job depends on it b. Policymakers listen to constituents c. Appropriate policies protect consumers' access to services d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Occupational therapy services will be needed for which of the following increasing populations? a. Elderly population b. Clients with chronic conditions c. Military personnel, veterans, and their families d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Organizational leaders can develop a mentoring culture by doing which of the following? a. Serving as mentor role models b. Providing training in mentoring processes c. Recognizing the time commitments of mentors d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Psychometric integrity cannot be evaluated without knowledge of which of the following factors? a. Sample size b. Demographics c. Validity and reliability d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Regulatory agencies a. Propose budgets b. Interpret laws c. Supervise implementation of laws d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Spiraling health care costs have generated proposals for health care reform and many containment practices, including a. Alternatives to inpatient care such as ambulatory or outpatient care b. Formation of medical service alliances c. Elimination of redundancy in services d. All of the above

d. All of the above

To market services, consultants should do which of the following? a. Use promotional tools b. Engage in networking activities c. Do market research d. All of the above

d. All of the above

To use the Language Inclusion Process effectively, a leader would change the statement "Why don't you quit smoking?" into which of the following? a. What are your thoughts about quitting smoking? b. What would help you to quit smoking? c. What benefits do you perceive in quitting smoking? d. All of the above

d. All of the above

When addressing management issues related to occupational therapy services, the manager needs to a. Understand the principles of the payment systems they are under b. Understand all environments (e.g. political, economic, social) affecting employees c. Understand the AOTA resources available d. All of the above

d. All of the above

When developing an idea, it is important to do which of the following? a. Investigate the idea well among colleagues b. Review current research on the idea or topic c. Conduct interviews with experts in the topic area d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which federal agency offers health care-related grant awards? a. National Institutes of Health b. Department of Defense c. Department of Education d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which is an advantage of the social media? a. You can reach more consumers all of the time b. You have the opportunity to attract new clients every day c. It is the most effective means of word-of-mouth selling d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following are types of regulatory structures that are used by state governments to regulate the occupational therapy profession? a. Occupational therapy SRB b. State agency administrator c. Occupational therapy advisory committee under medical board d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following health care programs is publicly funded (either at the federal or state level)? a. Medicaid health care programs b. State children's health insurance programs c. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following impose legal requirements that occupational therapy managers must follow? a. Laws b. Regulations c. Practice guidelines d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is an example of a target market? a. Chamber of commerce b. Blue Cross insurance company c. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is true of the internal consultant? a. He or she usually understands the organization's corporate culture b. He or she is an integral part of the system c. He or she has prior knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses or the organization d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following occupational therapy roles requires effective conflict resolution skills? a. Occupational therapy student b. Occupational therapy practitioner c. Manager d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following trends is expected to increase demand for occupational therapy over the next 5 to 10 years? a. An increase in the number of people over age 65 b. An increased percentage of the population with chronic medical illness c. Evolving expectations of those requiring services d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which question has been answered by health care policy? a. What can and cannot health care professionals do for patients? b. Who is and is not eligible for subsidized care? c. What share does an individual pay? d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Why do occupational therapists have an edge in leadership? a. Occupational therapy assists people in developing the life skills necessary to lead independent and satisfying lives b. Occupational therapy is a service profession c. Outstanding leadership demands a constant and consistent commitment to serving others d. All of the above

d. All of the above

You manage an occupational therapy department in a large long-term care facility. One of the occupational therapists calls to your attention the treatment of the patients with dementia on the afternoon shift. It seems that patients are being restrained by being tied to their wheelchairs. None of the patients who receive occupational therapy and are restrained have a care plan that includes the restraints. You are concerned that the facility a. May be committing elder abuse b. May be involved in false imprisonment c. May be violating OBRA d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) assures a. Citizens' insurance coverage during times of employment change or loss b. Small businesses' insurance options c. Protection of citizens' privacy rights regarding their medical records d. All the above

d. All the above

Individuals involved in an organization's strategic planning process should include a. Executives and managers within the organization b. Employees and administration c. Administrators and consumers d. All who are influenced by it

d. All who are influenced by it

Which of the following is NOT a client outcome measure? a. Responses to a quality-of-life satisfaction survey b. Rate of rehospitalization c. Number of falls d. Amount of client education materials received

d. Amount of client education materials received

What statement below BEST describes persons who should develop a business plan? a. Persons considering going into private practice b. Persons developing a new program within an established institution c. A group of therapists planning on establishing a new clinic d. Any persons embarking on a new program or business venture

d. Any persons embarking on a new program or business venture

An entrepreneur is concerned mainly about a. Personal profit b. Venture profit c. Social, nonprofit d. Any success to match the mission

d. Any success to match the mission

The vision statement within the strategic plan identifies the organization's a. Strategy for success b. Most favored goal c. Primary purpose d. Aspired position

d. Aspired position

Unresolved conflict can lead to a. An organization moving forward with its strategic plan b. Job dissatisfaction c. Turnover d. B and C

d. B and C

Which of the following is true of the external consultant? a. He or she is an employee outside of the department in which he or she is consulting b. He or she is an independent, contracted agent c. He or she brings a fresh, objective perspective d. B and C

d. B and C

Which of the following statements is true regarding the client in a consultation? a. The client is the person who gives the consulting b. The client is the recipient of the consultation c. The client is responsible for helping the consultant d. B and C

d. B and C

Motivational factors can be identified through a. Observation b. Tone of voice c. Annual performance evaluation d. Both A and C

d. Both A and C

Relationship marketing does which of the following? a. Gives consumers a personalized relationship with the service or product b. Interferes with operations because consumers become too demanding c. Allows informed decision making in purchasing new services or products d. Both A and C

d. Both A and C

Mentoring is a. Formal method of facilitating professional development b. Informal method of facilitating professional development c. Driven by extrinsic factors d. Both a and b

d. Both a and b

The point at which you meet fixed and variable costs is called a. Annual borrowing b. Cost accounting c. Short-term cash flow d. Breakeven point

d. Breakeven point

Which of the following is NOT a typical state licensure requirement for occupational therapy practitioners? a. Pass the entry-level examination administered by NBCOT b. Graduation from an accredited OT or OTA school c. Complete fieldwork requirements d. Certification as an orthotist by American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics

d. Certification as an orthotist by American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics

Coaching is different from mentoring for which of the following reasons? a. It involves only athletics b. The coach (mentor) sets the goals for the mentee c. Mentoring is a more direct approach d. Coaching is more systematic and process oriented

d. Coaching is more systematic and process oriented

If a participant in a control group inadvertently receives treatment, a _______ bias has been introduced in favor of the _______. a. Cointervention/treatment group b. Contamination/treatment group c. Cointervention/control group d. Contamination/control group

d. Contamination/control group

All Members of Congress and their staff know about a. Medicare Home Health Flexibility Act (H.R. 1094) b. Medicare Access to Rehabilitation Services Act (S. 46/H.R. 43) c. Medicare Independent Living Act (H.R. 3184) of 2009 d. Do not assume they know about your issues

d. Do not assume they know about your issues

Professional occupational therapy education results in a. An associate's degree b. A master's degree c. A doctoral degree d. Either a master's or doctoral degree

d. Either a master's or doctoral degree

According to the most recent theories and research on entrepreneurship, which of the following statements is true? a. At least 10 years of education and experience in a field are necessary to contribute to that field b. The more experience or education a person has in a given field, the less entrepreneurial he or she is likely to become c. Extensive training and experience can impede the creative process d. Entrepreneurs are more educated due in large part to the technological knowledge necessary for business

d. Entrepreneurs are more educated due in large part to the technological knowledge necessary for business

A limitation of the strategic planning process is its a. Dynamic nature b. Small number of plan goals c. Reliance on broad input d. Ever-evolving plan currency

d. Ever-evolving plan currency

CARF's standards for an occupational therapy survey would include all of the following areas except a. Work and productive activities b. Cognitive integration components c. Activities of daily living d. Health care operations

d. Health care operations

Based on the research, mentees are reported to receive which of the following? a. Increased work tasks b. Productivity awards c. Ability to follow direction and less self-initiative d. Increased promotions and compensation

d. Increased promotions and compensation

Which of the following is NOT a desired outcome of a culture of EBP? a. The ability to question critically b. Shared responsibility for promoting occupational therapy as a science c. An attitude of caring about the objective evidence related to therapy interventions d. Increased supervisory control over treatment decisions

d. Increased supervisory control over treatment decisions

Expenses such as marketing activities and administration activities are called a. Fixed costs b. Variable costs c. Direct costs d. Indirect costs

d. Indirect costs

Basic management functions include all of the following except a. Budgeting b. Planning c. Staffing d. Influencing

d. Influencing

Which of the following is not true in regard to the use of Web conferencing? a. It is less expensive than meeting face-to-face b. It can allow group editing of a document c. It typically includes a visual presentation d. It is easier to read cues based on elements of paralanguage

d. It is easier to read cues based on elements of paralanguage

Which of the following leadership assessments is the most valid measure of students' leadership ability? a. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire b. Leader Behavior Questionnaire c. Benchmarks Assessment d. Leadership Practices Inventory

d. Leadership Practices Inventory

With regard to initial earnings and growth potential, empirical evidence suggests that self-employment results in which of the following when compared to skill-matched colleagues in traditional paid employment? a. Higher earnings and higher growth potential b. Lower earnings and higher growth potential c. Higher earnings and lower growth potential d. Lower earnings and lower growth potential

d. Lower earnings and lower growth potential

Which of the following statements is true about managers as compared to leaders? a. Managers do the right things b. Managers focus on people and relationships c. Managers challenge the status quo d. Managers maintain a short-range view

d. Managers maintain a short-range view

Under the point of service (POS) option to HMOs, a member a. Pays the same co-pay amount for in-network and out-of-network providers b. Pays nothing to see an out of network provider c. Pays the entire cost of a visit with an out-of-network provider d. May see an out-of-network provider but will pay an increased co-pay amount

d. May see an out-of-network provider but will pay an increased co-pay amount

The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 is a. Medicare Part A b. Medicare Part B c. Medicare Part C d. Medicare Part D

d. Medicare Part D

Which section of the grant proposal clearly describes project activities, population served, evaluations, and budget funding request? a. Objectives b. Summary c. Budget d. Methods

d. Methods

A leader should deal with conflict by doing which of the following? a. Not allowing the other party to have any input b. Using words such as "you" and "should" c. Using language that shows insincerity and sarcasm d. None of the above

d. None of the above

All of the following could lead to a claim for malpractice from harm to the patient EXCEPT a. Leaving a patient alone during an activity resulting in an overuse syndrome b. Forgetting to lock the wheelchair during a transfer c. Having sexual relations with a patient d. None of the above

d. None of the above

Which of the following states has a title protection law for occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants? a. California b. Colorado c. Virginia d. None of the above

d. None of the above

According to the standards of the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (2006), which of the following persons or entities is responsible for addressing changes in service delivery policies and effecting changes in the system? a. Program director b. Grantor c. Managed care delivery service d. Occupational therapist

d. Occupational therapist

Which of the following is true as a strategy for successful e-mail? a. Make frequent use of the high priority option when sending e-mail so that others pay attention to it b. Reply to all persons on the original mailing list to ensure transparency c. Use abbreviations whenever possible to keep messages very short d. Only reference earlier messages if you include them as part of the message thread

d. Only reference earlier messages if you include them as part of the message thread

An external condition providing potential for organizational sustainability and growth is best described as a(n) a. Strength b. Vision c. Mission d. Opportunity

d. Opportunity

According to this chapter, which characteristic is the most important for a leader to possess? a. Timeliness b. Intelligence c. Aggressiveness d. Passion

d. Passion

A group of occupational therapists practicing in a rural area agree to meet once a month to network and discuss a previously agreed-upon research article. What type of group mentoring is this? a. Facilitated-group mentoring b. Team mentoring c. Supervised mentoring d. Peer-group mentoring

d. Peer-group mentoring

Which of the following promotions is the most cost-effective? a. Public relations b. Sales promotions c. Advertising d. Personal selling

d. Personal selling

The Joint Commission has a monthly publication titled a. OT Practice b. Joint Commission Magazine c. Monthly Commission d. Perspectives

d. Perspectives

Congress is organized by a. Geographic zones b. The President c. The Vice President d. Political parties

d. Political parties

Which of the following Medicare programs DOES NOT pay for occupational therapy services? a. Hospital Insurance Program (Part A) b. Supplementary Medical Insurance Program (Part B) c. Medicare Advantage Program (Managed Care) (Part C) d. Prescription Drug Program (Part D)

d. Prescription Drug Program (Part D)

What factor is the most influential in employee satisfaction and loyalty? a. Amount of money in paycheck b. Flexibility of hours c. Available benefits d. Quality leadership

d. Quality leadership

All of the following are helpful in developing and researching a clinical question except a. Using the Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICO) format b. Developing a question that everyone cares about c. Following a timeline to keep staff on track d. Reading abstracts rather than the whole article to save time

d. Reading abstracts rather than the whole article to save time

The important first step for a manager in the change process is a. Assessing to see if financial resources exist to make the change b. Assessing to see if there is administrative support to make the change c. Communicating the change to occupational therapy staff d. Realizing that a change is needed

d. Realizing that a change is needed

Which of the following is not one of the 8 fields covered by The Joint Commission? a. Home care b. Long-term care facilities c. Clinical and pathology labs d. Rehabilitation facilities

d. Rehabilitation facilities

Examining the net results of an implemented change is consistent with which step in the organizational change process? a. Step 1: Identification of the need for change b. Step 2: Planning for implementing the change c. Step 3: Implementing the change d. Step 4: Evaluating the change

d. Step 4: Evaluating the change

A template for an organization's course over a possible period of 3-5 years is its a. Mission statement b. Vision statement c. Strategy analysis d. Strategic plan

d. Strategic plan

Assessment of the internal environment occurs by identifying a. Opportunities b. Threats c. Stakeholders d. Strengths

d. Strengths

Planning, developing, and building new space for an occupational therapy department to use for client evaluation and intervention are an example of which type of change? a. Unplanned change b. Process change c. Micro change d. Structural change

d. Structural change

Which of the following best describes "packaging" of a service or product? a. The content of your brochure b. The type of wrapping the therapy supplies come in c. How you describe your service or product to others d. The consumer's initial impression of your service or product

d. The consumer's initial impression of your service or product

Full-time equivalent (FTE) refers to a. Each person who works for a company b. Someone who works more than 30 hours a week c. An individual who works more than 9 months in 1 year d. The individuals who fill a full-time position

d. The individuals who fill a full-time position

An occupational therapist is filling in for maternity leave in a hospital. She has worked for 3 months full-time and side-by-side the other occupational therapists performing the same work with the hospital's materials. Which of the following is true? a. If the therapist has a signed contract to perform the work, she is an independent contractor b. The occupational therapist is an employee c. There are many factors one must consider to determine whether someone is an employee d. The key is whether hospitals exert the same control over this occupational therapist as employees

d. The key is whether hospitals exert the same control over this occupational therapist as employees

A newly promoted leader is in a department head meeting. The leader, whose work history was highly valued before the promotion, prepared a captivating presentation full of hard-hitting facts and new ideas. While giving the presentation, the leader almost always looks at the computer screen, is hunched over, or fidgets. What did everyone take away from the presentation? a. It was a great idea to promote this particular employee b. The ideas presented are going to help the department increase productivity and efficiency c. The presentation was exceptionally well put together d. The person did not stop looking at the computer screen and was hunched over and fidgeting

d. The person did not stop looking at the computer screen and was hunched over and fidgeting

A SWOT analysis should be performed a. Because it gives clients an opportunity to state whether they are satisfied, worried, offended, or tired of the current services b. Because clients have a realistic expectation that they will be asked about their wants and needs c. Because it is important to find out about potential clients of the program or service and what they would want and/or need from a potential service d. To assess strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the service or program

d. To assess strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the service or program

Over the past 20 years, which of the following leadership styles has been empirically proved to generate greater follower effectiveness and satisfaction? a. Laissez-faire b. Situational c. Transactional d. Transformational

d. Transformational

The term "proxemics" means the study of a. Nonverbal communication b. Written communication c. Virtual communication d. Use of space

d. Use of space

Outcome measures are designed to answer which of the following questions? a. What do I need to know more about? b. What opportunities are available to me? c. How will I know when I have accomplished my goals? d. What indicates I need to make some changes?

d. What indicates I need to make some changes?

Which well-known occupational therapist delivered the 1967 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture titled "Professional Responsibility in Times of Change"? a. Mary Reilly b. Gail Fidler c. Anne Mosey d. Wilma West

d. Wilma West

The clients' rehabilitation needs for occupational therapy on The Joint Commission survey would include all of the following areas except a. Work and productive activities b. Cognitive integration components c. Activities of daily living d. Wound care medication prescriptions

d. Wound care medication prescriptions