PBS Unit 1 Exam Study Guide

Used to investigate blood sugar levels over a 2-3 month period to track how well a patient is controlling his or her disease.

A1C

Which of the following situations would not be allowed according to the HIPAA Privacy Rules? 1. The hospital contacts the police department about a patient with a gunshot wound. 2. A nurse suspects that her neighbor is leaving her 7 year old daughter alone in the evening while working and contacts Child Protective Services 3. After a tornado disaster, the medical facility notifies the media on the condition of the mayor's daughter, who was a victim. 4. A patient arrives in the Emergency Room and is suspected of having tuberculosis, the physician contacts the health department with the information.

After a tornado disaster, the medical facility notifies the media on the condition of the mayor's daughter, who was a victim.

What is this molecule?

Amino Acid

Which of the above shows the molecular structure of an unsaturated fat?

B (Broken)

Which of the following is NOT protected under HIPPA? 1. Address 2. Birthplace 3. Name 4. Social Security 5. Birthdate

Birthplace

Which of the following indicators is matched with the correct food molecule? 1. Biuret's and Lipids 2. Benedicts and Starch 3. Biuret's and Protein 4. Lugol's and Glucose

Biuret's and Protein

Which two bases are pyrimidines?

C and T

Which body system is most closely associated with transport and delivery?

Cardiovascular

This image shows the structure of a(an)

DNA Molecule

The sides of the DNA ladder are composed of:

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

What person is responsible for providing short-term care for people being transported to the hospital?

EMT

Scientists are able to separate DNA sequence through

Gel Electrophoresis

In this diagram what type of bond does letter D represent?

Hydrogen

A young man has a problem with the insulin receptors on his cell. They are no longer functioning properly; therefore insulin cannot bind to the receptor. This will lead to

Increased blood sugar

Long term effects caused by diabetes include all of the following except ____. 1. Kidney failure 2. Decreased vision 3. Nerve problems 4. Liver cancer

Liver cancer

A student was so excited to come to school for his biomed test that he bolted across the street without looking both ways like his mother taught him. He was hit by a car and the panel from the car punctured his lungs, causing lung failure. :-( The poor boy died without ever getting to take the test! Define the following for the boy's autopsy: Cause of Death.

Lung failure

Deoxyribose, phosphate and base =

Nucleotide

"Shape determines function" applies to which macromolecule?

Protein

DNA is cut at specific nucleotide sequences by

Restriction enzymes

Which type of fat is solid at room temperature and found mostly in animal fats?

Saturated

Which body system is most closely associated with the support and protection of the body organs?

Skeletal

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the fragments of DNA. The larger pieces of DNA will travel ______________ through the gel.

Slower than the smaller fragments

An examination of the body after death that includes a dissection of vital organs to determine the cause of death is a (an)

autopsy

The energy we obtain from our food comes from ___________________________

breaking the bonds that hold the atoms in food particles together

The energy we get from food is measured in _________________________.

calories

In Type 2 Diabetes, the main problem is the body...

cannot use insulin

A monosaccharide is a type of

carbohydrates

When polymers are broken apart they go through which process?

hydrolysis

What characteristic separates DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis?

length of fragment

A polysaccharide is made of

many sugars

Glucose is an example of

monosaccharide

Which of the following atoms is only present in a protein as compared to carbs and lipids?

nitrogen

The four macromolecules are

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids

Most Type 2 Diabetics need to

regulate their diet and exercise

Why can't glucose pass into cells through the process of osmosis/diffusion?

sugar molecules are too big

What property of DNA causes it to migrate to the positive pole of the electrophoresis apparatus?

the negative charge of the phosphate groups

A triglyceride contains ____________________________

three fatty acids and a glycerol

Which of the following best illustrates the increasing levels of complexity? (1) Cells; (2) Organs; (3) Organelles; (4) Organism; (5) Tissues; (6) Organ systems

(3) Organelles, (1) Cells, (5) Tissues, (2) Organs, (6) Organ systems, (4) Organism

A person is found dead by a neighbor. What career is involved in notifying the police and calling an ambulance?

911 operator

Which of the following is NOT appropriate PPE when using gloves? 1. Putting on the gloves last 2. Limiting surface & items touched 4. All are true statements 3. Using for bodily fluids

All are true statements

Disclosing information to specific agencies as required by public health laws can be shared when it involves which of the following? 1. Preventing any serious threat to public health safety 2. Preventing injury 3. Controlling infection diseases 4. Preventing child abuse or neglect

All the above

What effect on the body does a lack of insulin have? 1. The body cannot produce ATP 2. Cells cannot uptake glucose 3. Water will leave the cell

All the above

A diabetic needs to monitor the amount of sugar that they eat. Which of the following do they need to pay close attention to? 1. Nucleic Acids 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

A written reference to a specific work like books, articles, dissertations etc is a(n)

Citation

A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA.

Gene

Which hormone raises blood glucose levels?

Glucagon

Which laboratory indicator test in Activity 2.2.1, required a hot water bath?

Glucose

Which color represents the carboxyl group (acid)?

Green

An organism's ability to maintain internal stability when the external environment changes is termed

Homeostasis

A gland in your body releases hormone P. This hormone causes target cells to release hormone J. Once the body has enough hormone J, the gland stops the release of hormone P. What is this an example of?

Negative Feedback

When you are cold, your brain sends signals to release hormones to increase metabolic activity and generate heat. When your body temperature returns to normal, the brain stops sending signals. Whis is an example of

Negative Feedback

You eat chips and salsa and Mondo's. All that salt causes your cells to lose water through osmosis. Your hypothalamus senses that your cells are shriking and sends a message to the pituitary to release antidiuretic hormone. ADH sends a message to the kidneys to stop releasing water in the urine. You also start to feel thirsty. The results is that your cell's water level increases back to normal. This is an example of __.

Negative Feedback

Which body system is most closely associated with information assessment, responding to internal & external changes?

Nervous

In this diagram, what structure is labeled B?

Nitrogenous Base

Two doctors are having a private lunch together in the physician dining room, which is empty. As they eat they talk about the man with the terrible abscesses that they recently treated. They joke about how bad they smelled and about the fact that the juice that squirted out when they punctured one of the abscesses hit the nurse right in the face. Was HIPPA violated?

No

Insulin is released from the ______.

Pancreas

Which technology allows for small amounts of DNA to be copied into millions of copies?

Polymerase Chain Reaction

When running a gel electrophoresis, DNA will migrate towards the __ end because DNA has a ___ charge.

Positive, negative

To test a new voice feature in a cockpit design a flight simulator was used. The simulator was programmed to give visual readings of flight information, or to give visual and auditory (voice) readings of flight information. All test pilots were put through a simulated emergency landing procedure, but were randomly assigned to the visual, or visual and auditory conditions. Flight experts rated each pilot's performance in the simulator on a scale of 1 (very poor) to 10 (excellent). What is the independent variable in the above study? 1. Visual & Auditory Tests 2. Ratings of performance 3. Presence or absence of auditory readings 4. Visual reading only

Presence or absence of auditory readings

Insulin is a(n) ___.

Protein

Which of the following is a three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids? 1. Carbohydrates 2. DNA 3. Lipid 4. Glucose 5. Protein

Protein

Which structure has two rings of carbon and nitrogen?

Purines

To test a new voice feature in a cockpit design a flight simulator was used. The simulator was programmed to give visual readings of flight information, or to give visual and auditory (voice) readings of flight information. All test pilots were put through a simulated emergency landing procedure, but were randomly assigned to the visual, or visual and auditory conditions. Flight experts rated each pilot's performance in the simulator on a scale of 1 (very poor) to 10 (excellent). What is the dependent variable in the above study? 1. Visual & Auditory Tests 2. Presence or absence of auditory readings 3. Visual reading only 4. Ratings of performance

Ratings of performance

Which color represents the variable group - the group that confers the unique chemical properties of this molecule?

Red (Symbol R)

Differences in DNA sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragments lengths are called

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms

A is the molecular structure of

Sucrose

If the sequence of a DNA strand is ATCGTTACGAAA, what would its complimentary DNA strand be?

TAGCAATGCTTT

The blood serum surround the cells has a high concentration of glucose. Which of the following is correct? 1. The cell is in a hypoglycemic solution and water will enter the cell 2. The cell is in a hyperglycemic solution and water will enter the cell 3. The cell is in a hypoglycemic solution and water will leave the cell 4. The cell is in a hyperglycemic solution and water will leave the cell

The cell is in a hyperglycemic solution and water will leave the cell

A recent study showed that there will be a statistically significant difference in graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors who participate in an intensive study program as opposed to at-risk high-school seniors who do not participate in the intensive study program. What is the experimental group in this study? 1. Participation in intensive study program 2. Graduation rates 3. Those who did not participate 4. Those who participated in study program

Those who participated in study program

A young patient has an increased thirst and is very fatigued (no energy). The doctors tell the patient that their pancreas is not functioning properly and not making insulin. This patient most likely has ____.

Type 1 Diabetes

A heavy set 55 year old man is experiencing increased thirst, increased urination and is feeling very fatigued. You, as his doctor, tell them the test results indicate his cells are resistant to insulin. Your diagnosis is...

Type 2 Diabetes

A by-product of dehydration synthesis is

Water

Which two individuals get the major credit for the discovery of DNA's structure?

Watson and Crick

Which of the following macromolecules would the body use first for energy?

carbohydrates

Which of the following would the body use for a "quick energy source"?

carbohydrates

Which of the following groups of atoms make up the composition of lipids and carbohydrates?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

When sugars or any monomers are put together to become polymers, they go through the process of ________________

dehydration synthesis or condensation

The sole purpose of getting glucose into human body cells is for:

energy production

The smaller the DNA fragment, the

further it moves down the gel

What happens to a cell when immersed in a beaker of distilled water?

gains water

Which of the following foods would have both fat and protein? 1. hamburger patty 2. marshmallows 3. pasta 4. apples

hamburger patty

Which career involves the study of the symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisonings, drugs, and other toxins, especially in people?

toxicologist

A mother emailed her son's teacher about his history of seizures. Months later, the teacher replied to the email to tell the mother about discipline problems. Communication eventually became very hostile. The teacher forwarded the conversation to her best friend, a teacher at the same school. The teacher's friend does not have this boy in her class. The information about the boy's seizures was at the very bottom of the email strand. Was HIPPA violated?

yes