Peds Prep U exam 1
The nurse is examining an 8-month-old girl for appropriate development during a regular check-up. Which observation points to a developmental risk?
Uses only the left hand to grasp
The nurse is reinforcing education to the parents of a 10-year-old child who are seeking to improve the nutritional status of their son. Which statement(s) by the parents indicate an understanding of the education? Select all that apply.
"Age is one of the determinants of the caloric needs for my son." "The largest components of my son's diet should be carbohydrates." "The caloric needs of my child are based upon his level of activity."
The nurse takes an infant's apical pulse before administering digoxin. What is the usually accepted level of pulse rate considered safe for administering digoxin to an 8-month-old infant?
100 beats per minute
The parent of a 14-year-old adolescent states to the nurse that the adolescent is moody, shuts oneself in the bedroom, and fights with a younger sibling. Which comment is most helpful to support the parent?
"Calmly talk to your adolescent about your concerns."
The nurse is interviewing the parents of a 3-year-old child brought to the emergency department for fever and fussiness. Which question is the best example to use when completing a health history about pain?
"Does your child have pain?"
The infant measures 21.5 in (54.6 cm) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be an expected height for the infant at the age of 6 months?
27.5 in (70 cm)
A nurse is providing care for a child who will be undergoing a painful procedure. When developing the child's plan of care, which of the following would be appropriate? Select all that apply.
Allow the child to participate when possible. Emphasize that pain is not a punishment. Tell the child if pain is anticipated with a procedure.
A 3-year-old child with asthma and a respiratory tract infection is prescribed an antibiotic and a bronchodilator. The nurse notes the following during assessment: oral temperature 100.2°F (37.9°C), respirations 52 breaths/minute, heart rate 90 beats/minute, O2 saturation 95% on room air. Which action will the nurse take first?
Administer the bronchodilator via a nebulizer
The nurse is mentoring a new graduate who is completing a respiratory assessment on a client with suspected epiglottitis. Which action by the new graduate would require clarification?
Assessment of the nasopharynx
Which activity would the nurse expect to find in an 18-month-old?
Climbing stairs with assistance
The nurse is about to see a 9-year-old girl for a well-child checkup. Knowing that the child is in Piaget's period of concrete operational thought, which characteristic should the child display?
Consider an action and its consequences.
Place in order the steps the nurse would implement when gathering the following physical data for an infant?
Count respirations Count the apical pulse Examine the infant's genitalia Measure the infant's chest and head circumferences. Obtain the infant's axillary temperature Look into the ears and mouth
The nurse is preparing a list of abilities of 10-month-olds to use in teaching a parenting group. Which ability should appear at this age?
Cruises around furniture
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of an 18-month-old child. Which recommendation should be the most helpful to the parents?
Describe proper behavior when the child misbehaves.
The nurse is teaching parents interventions appropriate to the emotional development of their toddlers. What is a recommended intervention for this age group?
Do not blame toddlers for aggressive behavior; instead, point out the results of their behavior.
A nurse is caring for an infant with hyponatremia. What intervention would be most appropriate?
Educating about not overdiluting the infant formula
The nurse is teaching a mother of a 1-year old girl about weaning her from the bottle and breast. Which recommendation should be part of the nurse's plan?
Give the child an iron-fortified cereal.
The nurse is teaching the parent of a 2-year-old about age-appropriate toys. Which would be of most interest plus stimulating to the growth and development?
Giving the child bowls, pot, pans, and large spoons The kitchen items are usually of most interest since they give opportunity to copy observed parental actions.
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old's language development. What would the nurse expect to assess?
Use of a two-word noun-verb sentence
Jordan is coming back to the office for a follow-up visit. He is 15 years old and he keeps gaining weight at each visit. Although the amount is not large, it is a little more at each visit. Jordan says that he is not active in any sports and that he and his father eat out a lot. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do to asses Jordan's eating pattern?
Have Jordan keep a food diary for one week.
Parents discuss with the nurse their 2-year-old toddler's temper tantrums. Which technique would the nurse suggest?
Ignore the toddler's behavior.
The nurse is teaching the student nurse how to perform a physical assessment based on the child's developmental stage. Which statement accurately describes a recommended guideline for setting the tone of the examination for a school-age child?
Include the child in all parts of the examination; speak to the caregiver before and after the examination.
The nurse is caring for a child who is described as being an inquisitive learner, loves to learn new things, and feels a sense of accomplishment when succeeding in activities. The nurse understands that this child is in which of Erikson's stages of development?
Initiative versus guilt
The nurse is discussing healthy eating habits with a school-age child and her parents. Which recommendation would the nurse make for the family?
Light snacks should be offered so the child doesn't overeat at meals.
The nurse working in the child clinic observes infant Max. He is 8 months old. What type of activity should the nurse be observing?
Max is on the floor picking up blocks from a bucket.
The nurse is describing the maturation of various organ systems during toddlerhood to the parents. What would the nurse correctly include in this description?
Myelinization of the brain and spinal cord is complete at about 24 months.
A nurse is administering digoxin to a 3-year-old child. What would be a reason to hold the dose of digoxin?
Nausea and vomiting
The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant who is spitting up "all the time." This is the mother's first child. What should be the priority nursing intervention?
Observe the mother while she feeds and burps her infant.
When preparing the room for an infant with bronchiolitis, which equipment is most important?
Oxygen tubing and facemask
The nurse is discussing proper discipline with the parent of a 15-month-old toddler. Which teaching is most important?
Physical punishment such as spanking is discouraged.
A nurse realizes safety teaching has been successful when the parents identify which action to help prevent the leading cause of death in preschoolers?
Placing the child in an approved car seat
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in promoting sleep for a hospitalized infant?
Play recordings of familiar music or voices.
The mother of a 3-year-old is considering the following purchases as a birthday present. Which toy would the nurse suggest as the most age appropriate choice?
Pounding bench
The nurse is preparing to measure an infant's temperature with a tympanic thermometer. Which is the correct way to position the device?
Pull the child's earlobe back and down and point the sensor beam toward the center of the tympanic membrane.
The nurse teaches the mother of a 2-year-old child how to instill antibiotic otic drops. The mother indicates understanding of the skill when she takes which action?
Pulls down and backward on the earlobe before instilling the drops.
The parents of a toddler are asking the nurse if their child is lagging behind since the child does not have a very large vocabulary at the present time. Many times their toddler just points to an object and the parents give it to the toddler. Which concepts/statements should the nurse share with this family about language development of a toddler? Select all that apply.
Read aloud to the toddler to help build and strengthen vocabulary by pointing to pictures in the book. Since toddlers imitate what they hear, use good grammar and incorporate pronouns like "I" and "you." Reinforce language by voicing a request, "You want the apple?"
The mother of a 9-month-old child reports her child's eyes are often crossed. The nurse confirms this during the examination. What action is indicated?
Report the findings to the physician.
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for parents of a school-age child on teaching the dangers of drugs and alcohol. What advice might be helpful for these parents?
School-age children can think critically to interpret messages seen in advertising, media, and sports
The pediatric nurse is planning quiet activities for a hospitalized 18-month-old. What would be an appropriate activity for this age group?
Stacking blocks
A nurse is caring for a newborn with congenital heart disease (CHD). Which finding would the nurse interpret as indicating distress?
Subcostal retraction at the time of feeding. Subcostal retraction during feeding is indicative of distress associated with feeding in newborn infants with CHD.
The student nurse is preparing a presentation on normal physical growth for toddlers. What information should the student include? Select all that apply.
The average weight gain is 3 to 5 pounds per year. Toddlers gain height and weight in spurts. Head size becomes more proportional to the rest of the body near 3 years.
The nurse is assessing developmental milestones for a 5-year-old girl. Which of the following activities is normal?
The child can button a shirt.
The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a scheduled visit. Which findings might suggest a developmental problem?
The child does not make sounds in response to voices.
The nurse is examining a 2-year-old girl for speech and language development. Which finding would suggest a delay in speech development?
The child does not use the names of familiar objects.
A mother tells the nurse at the clinic she did not bring her child to have his scheduled immunization because the child had a cold. What symptoms are important for the nurse to teach the mother about contraindications for immunizations? Select all that apply.
The child has 102ºF (38.9°C) fever 100ºF (37.8°C) fever for 3 days Wheezing
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old boy who has missed some developmental milestones. Which finding will point to the cause of motor skill delays?
The child is homeless and has no toys.
The nurse is visiting a mother who has a 3-month-old infant. Which anticipatory guidance information should the nurse provide to the mother at this time?
The child should be able to turn over onto the back at age 4 months.
The nurse caring for a hospitalized 8-year-old child recognizes that the child has developed an understanding of reversibility. Which of the following relates to the development of this understanding?
The child understands that their illness is probably only temporary.
The nurse is educating the parent of a 6-month-old infant during a well-baby clinic visit. What does the nurse recommend regarding dental health?
The family should establish a regular dentist for the infant by his or her first birthday.
In observing an infant who is 6 months of age, which fine motor skill would the infant have most recently attained?
The infant can hold a bottle.
The nurse enters the hospital room of a toddler to perform an assessment. Which actions or statements by the nurse will impede the assessment process? Select all that apply.
The nurse removes the toddler's pajama shirt when assessing the blood pressure. The nurse hugs the toddler to show care and nurturing when entering the room. The nurse tells the parent that it is important for the child to lie on the bed rather than sit on their lap during the assessment.
The nurse is weighing a 20-month-old child who is in the clinic for a well-child visit. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate for weighing this child?
The nurse should have the child sit on the scale while keeping a hand close to but not touching the child.
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance and education to the parents of child entering into the preschool age group. What information would the nurse include in the teaching?
The preschool-age child's physical growth will slow compared to previous years.
Which information obtained by the nurse from the parents at the initial health supervision visit would alert the nurse to conduct the newborn metabolic screening during this visit?
The screening was completed when the newborn was 24 hours old.
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old toddler. Which observation(s) will alert the nurse that the child may be experiencing a developmental delay? Select all that apply.
The toddler's vocabulary consists of the words "ball," "dadda," "mum," "drink," and "up." The toddler will not pick up a toy or touch the nose when directed by the nurse.
A mother asks the nurse if the reason the infant has a congenital heart defect is because of something she did while pregnant. What is the best response by the nurse?
There are several reasons a baby can have a heart defect, let's talk about those causes.
A nurse is assessing the fontanels (fontanelles) of a crying newborn and notes that the posterior fontanel (fontanelle) pulsates and briefly bulges. What do these findings indicate?
These are normal findings.
Parents are told that their infant has a heart defect with a left-to-right shunt. What is the best way for the nurse to explain this type of shunting to the parents?
This type of shunting causes an increase of blood to the lungs.
A nurse is instructing a young mother on how to ensure a safe bath time for her 4-year-old son. Which are important suggestions for the nurse to give to the mother? Select all that apply.
Turn down the temperature of the water heater to under 120°F. Do not leave the child unsupervised in the bathtub. Assist the child in cleaning under fingernails and around ears.
The nurse is caring for the family with a 2-month-old boy with colic. The mother reports feeling very stressed by the baby's constant crying. Which intervention would provide the most help in the short term?
Urging the baby's mother to take time for herself away from the child.
The nurse at a hospice care facility is caring for a 13-year-old adolescent. Which intervention best meets the needs of this adolescent?
Urging the client to invite friends to visit
The nurse is conducting a support group for parents of 9- and 10-year-olds. The parents express concern about the amount of time their children want to spend with friends outside the home. What should the nurse teach the parents that peer groups provide?
a sense of security as children gain independence
The nurse pulls the 5-month-old to sitting position from supine and notes head lag. The nurse's response is to:
refer the infant for developmental and/or neurologic evaluation.
The parent of 3 1/2-year-old preschooler tells the nurse that the child argues quite a bit and says that the child is always right. The nurse interprets this information as indicating:
centering.
The nurse is measuring an infant's head circumference and charts it to be at the 40th percentile. When documenting the following physical measurements, which correlation to the head circumference is anticipated?
child's length will be at the 40th percentile
The nurse begins the physical exam to obtain the child's vital signs. Which would the nurse assess first?
respirations
The nurse is helping explain the dietary plan to the mother of an 18-month-old girl who has diabetes. Which of the following food categories would the nurse explain as being affected by the child's condition?
dairy products
The nurse is talking to a 13-year-old boy about choosing friends. Which function do peer groups provide that can have a negative result?
following role models
The parents of a 2-year-old girl are concerned with her behavior. For which behavior would the nurse share their concern?
frequently babbles to herself when playing
During a regular checkup for a 24-month-old girl, the nurse observes that all incisors and cuspids and some first molars have erupted. This would be a good time to promote optimal oral care. Which of the following topics would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for the parents?
horizontal brushing technique
The nurse in a pediatric clinic is observing a 2-year-old playing in the waiting room. Which action is an example of normal growth and development for a 2-year-old (24-month old) at play?
imitating adult action like wrapping a doll in a blanket
A nurse observes a 3-year-old child playing with an older sibling. In which type of play would the nurse expect to see the siblings engaged?
imitative play
The nurse is beginning the examination of a 4-month-old infant. She takes the infant from the mother's arms to do the exam. Where should the nurse place the infant for the exam?
in the crib facing the mom
When providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a toddler, which of the following would the nurse include as most appropriate for enhancing their child's self-esteem?
including the child in activities that interest the adult
When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse would know that:
management includes administration of aspirin and IVIG.
The nurse in a community clinic is caring for a 6-month-old infant and parent. Which nursing intervention is priority?
monitoring the infant's weight and height
A 9-year-old child is feeling conflict from seeing other children in her class engaging in behaviors she senses are not appropriate. When making decisions about what actions are most appropriate, a child of this age will rely most heavily on which party of influence?
parents
A mother reports her 2-year-old daughter has gradually eaten more and more poorly since her 1-year-old well-child visit. The nurse assesses the child's growth and development as normal. What concept explains the mother's concern?
physiologic anorexia
A 4-year-old is ordered on bed rest. Which activity would be most appropriate for promoting play?
providing a basin with water and toys while bathing the child
An infant is hospitalized with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. What nursing intervention(s) will the nurse perform in this infant's care? Select all that apply.
pulse oximetry monitoring fluid replacement oxygen therapy
A nurse is assessing a 15-month-old child for evidence of pain. Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that the child is experiencing pain? Select all that apply.
restlessness grimacing wrinkling of forehead
A nurse conducted a health history with a 5-year-old child admitted with abdominal pain. The nurse stood at the bedside while talking to the parent and child. The client was in a private room. The nurse made sure the door was closed and referred to the parent as "Mrs. Smith" whenever asking a question. Which action by the nurse was not conducive to the health history?
standing at the bedside
The nurse is caring for a 16-year-old adolescent who was arrested for driving while intoxicated. Which teaching method is most effective in changing the adolescent's behavior?
stressing that the driver's license can be lost if drinking continues
The nurse is performing a physical assessment of an 11-year-old boy. The nurse notes that during last year's checkup the child weighed 80 lb (36.3 kg). Which assessment finding at this year's check-up is most concerning?
weight in the 5th percentile
The nurse is assessing a 2-month-old formula-fed infant who is experiencing colic. Which type of bowel movements should the nurse expect to occur with this health problem?
yellow and semisoft
Parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that their child often refuses to go to sleep at night. Which suggestion by the nurse would be helpful? Select all that apply.
"Try using a night light in the child's room." "Set up some familiar bedtime rituals for your child." "Avoid having your child watch frightening shows on TV before bedtime." "Try reading a favorite story before bedtime."
During a well-child visit for a 2-month-old infant, the nurse explains the need to perform a hearing screening on the child within the next few months. The child's mother reports she has not noticed any deficits and does not see the need for this being done. Which response by the nurse is indicated?
"Unfortunately hearing losses in infants are common and it is best to check hearing before your child is 6 months old to rule out problems."
The nurse is working closely with a premature infant who will be discharged home soon on oxygen and cardiac/respiratory monitoring. Which comments by the parents indicate that discharge instructions were understood? Select all that apply.
"We will refer back to our discharge instructions if we are trying to determine if we need to notify the doctor about a change in our baby." We need to follow our planned feeding schedule as closely as possible." "We feel like we know how to respond to the alarms on the equipment." "It's important that we continue to bathe and dress our baby like you taught us."
The nurse measures the head circumference of a 6-month-old infant. Which measurement would the nurse interpret as most appropriate?
43.5 cm
The nurse is providing education to the woman about foods commonly associated with allergies in infants and young children. What items should be included in this list? Select all that apply.
Cow's milk Peanut butter Strawberries
Which acute respiratory condition is the most common in early childhood?
Croup explanation: Croup is the most common acute respiratory condition in early childhood (3 months to 3 years). The cardinal sign is a "barking cough." Croup is an upper airway obstruction caused by some type of inflammation. Asthma may be caused by some allergen trigger and causes bronchoconstriction and inflammation of the lower airways. Pneumonia and bronchiolitis are infectious disorders caused by bacteria or viruses and affect lower airways
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for a mother regarding the respiratory development of her 4-week-old daughter. Which action is accurate?
Explaining to the mother the risk for infection is high due to the lack of antibodies
The parents of a 5-year-old call the nurse for advice about night terrors. The child has had them nightly for almost 2 weeks. What is the most appropriate intervention?
Wake the child up nightly 30 to 45 minutes after going to sleep.
The nurse is conducting an educational session at a local community health fair illustrating the various reflexes which are normal in a newborn and how they change as the infant grows and matures. The nurse determines more education is necessary after a member of the audience points out which finding as an expected occurrence?
an extrusion reflux at 9 months of age
The nurse is obtaining a reproductive health history from a 17-year-old client. Which approach by the nurse would be most effective in obtaining accurate information?
asking the adolescent, in private, about sexual history using general questions and then more specific questions
A toddler is receiving oral antibiotic treatment for an ear infection. Before administering the drug, which factors must the nurse consider? Select all that apply.
the child's body surface area the child's food and drug interactions the child's weight
The nurse prepares to administer the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine to a child. What statement by the child's parent would alert the nurse to avoid giving the vaccine?
"My child had gelatin at day care and broke out in hives afterwards."
The parents of a 4-year-old ask the nurse when their child will be able to differentiate right from wrong and develop morals. What would be the best response of the nurse?
"The preschool-age child is developing a conscience."
The parents of a 2-day-old girl are concerned because her feet and hands are slightly blue. How should the nurse respond?
"This is normal; her circulatory system will take a few days to adjust."
A nurse is instructing the mother of a newborn about bathing and skin care. When discussing bathing, the nurse includes which of the following besides hygiene as an important reason for bathing?
Promoting parental bonding
A 4-year-old child is drawing with crayons. Which creation by the child would most be reflective of the anticipated skill level of this age?
The child is able to draw shapes such as circles and squares.
The nurse is preparing to assess the internal ear structures of a 3-year-old. The child is resistant to the otoscope. How should the nurse respond?
"Let's see if I can find some puppies or kittens."
The parents of a 3-year-old toddler tell the nurse that their child constantly says "no" to everything and they are very frustrated. The parents ask the nurse what they should do. Which response(s) by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.
"Have you tried using "time-outs" for negative behavior?" "Giving your toddler choices instead of posing 'yes' or 'no' questions may decrease the 'no' response." "This action is normal for this age. If measures to stop this behavior do not work, you should make the decision for your toddler to move on with the activity occurring."
During a routine wellness examination, the nurse is trying to determine how well a 5-year-old boy communicates and comprehends instructions. What is the best specific trigger question to determine the preschooler's linguistic and cognitive progress?
"How well does your son communicate or follow instructions?"
A nurse is providing teaching to the mother of an adolescent girl about how to manage menstrual pain by nonpharmacologic methods. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
"I need to follow these instructions exactly for them to work properly."
The nurse is teaching a group of school-age children about physical development. Which statement made by one of the children indicates the correct understanding of the teaching?
"I will grow an average of 2.5 in (6.5 cm) per year."
The nurse is auscultating the lungs of a lethargic, irritable 6-year-old boy and hears wheezing. The nurse will most likely include which teaching point if the child is suspected of having asthma?
"I'm going to have this hospital worker take a picture of your lungs."
The parents of a toddler ask the nurse about disciplining their 2-year-old toddler. What suggestions will the nurse provide? Select all that apply.
"If you allow an unwanted behavior one time at this age, it is difficult to reverse later." "Try using time-out, assigning 1 minute per year of your toddler's age." "It is better to praise correct behavior than to punish wrong behavior."
A nurse is discussing safety measures with the parents of a toddler. What would the nurse emphasize to address the most frequent type of accident in toddlers?
"Keep all cleaning products and drugs out of the reach of your child."
The nurse is educating a group of parents about childhood nutrition, specifically caloric needs. Which statement, when made by a parent, indicates teaching was successful?
"My 12-year-old child, who plays soccer, needs to consume no more than 2,000 calories a day to maintain good health."
During a visit to the nurse practitioner for a sports physical, the father of a 9-year-old boy tells you that there is no need for his son to engage in physical activity because he plays soccer in the local soccer league. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"Organized sports should serve as complementary activities and not replace activity."
A parent brings a 6-year-old to the clinic and informs the nurse that the child is tired all the time, even though the child sleeps 7 to 8 hours each night. What is the best response by the nurse?
"That is not enough sleep. You should get at least 9 to 12 hours of sleep each night."
An overly tired school-aged child enters the school clinic. The nurse asks the child to state the times he/she usually goes to bed at night and wakes up in the morning. The child answers 11:00 PM and 6:00 AM. Which is the best response made by the nurse?
"That is not enough sleep. You should get at least 9 to 12 hours of sleep each night."
A nurse is caring for an infant with hyponatremia. What intervention would be most appropriate?
"The bladder of a 2-year-old is actually the size of an adult's bladder, but there are a lot of variables to when a child is potty-trained."
How would the nurse respond when the parent asks the nurse why she is using pictures with high-contrast patterns to assess a 4-month-old's vision?
"The child's eyes are more attune to high-contrast patterns than to specific colors."
The parents of a 9-year-old boy report they have been homeschooling their son and now plan to enroll him in the local public school. They voice concerns about the influence of the other children on their son's values. Which information should the nurse provide the parents?
"The values of the family will likely prevail for your son."
The parent of a 4-day-old infant brings the infant to the clinic concerned about the infant's hands and feet appearing blue. What is the nurse's best response during the admission process?
"This is often a normal occurrence in infants of this age, but we will have the health care provider assess your infant."
The parent of a 2-year-old child asks the nurse to explain when is the best time to start toilet training. How will the nurse respond? Select all that apply.
"Waking up dry in the morning is a sign your child is ready for toilet training." "When your child can pull one's pants up and down, your child is generally ready." "When your child has a wet diaper and takes it off oneself, toilet training is warranted." "Introduce your child to the potty chair and make it a positive experience to be successful."
A 5-year-old girl is pretending to be a crocodile during a physical examination. Her mother just smiles and rolls her eyes at the nurse. What would be the best response for the nurse to give the child?
"What a wonderful imagination you have! I've never seen anyone who was so good at pretending to be a crocodile."
The nurse is preparing a 4-year-old child for surgery. According to hospital policy, the surgical site must be marked prior to entering the operating room. The child pulls away from the nurse when approached with a black marker. Which nursing statement may provide the best chance of a favorable response?
"Would you like your parent or me to draw a smiley face on your arm?"
The parents of a 2-year-old toddler are frustrated by the frequent confrontations they have with their toddler. Which is the best anticipatory guidance the nurse can offer to prevent confrontations?
"You need to adhere to various routines."
The nurse is interacting with preschool-aged children in a day care center. Which situation(s), if observed by the nurse, would alert the nurse to further assess the child for a developmental concern? Select all that apply.
A child points to a snack and looks at the care provider to indicate wanting the snack. A child states, "I cold" when wanting a blanket to cover up with during story time.
The caregivers of a child report that their child had a cold and complained of a sore throat. When interviewed further they report that the child has a high fever, is very anxious, and is breathing by sitting up and leaning forward with the mouth open and the tongue out. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as those seen with which disorder?
Epiglottitis Explanation: The child with epiglottitis may have had a mild upper respiratory infection before the development of a sore throat, and then became anxious and prefers to breathe by sitting up and leaning forward with the mouth open and the tongue out. The child with tonsillitis may have a fever, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, hypertrophied tonsils, and erythema of the soft palate. Exudate may be visible on the tonsils. The child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis develops hoarseness and a barking cough with a fever, cyanosis, heart failure; acute respiratory embarrassment can also result.
The mother of a 4-year-old child reports she has been trying in vain to teach her son to tie his shoelaces. She states she fears he may be "slow". Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Explain to the parent her child likely does not have the needed motor skills to achieve this task at his current age.
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department experiencing severe respiratory distress. The health care provider has diagnosed epiglottitis. What nursing intervention(s) should the nurse include in this child's plan of care? Select all that apply.
Keep the child quiet. Administer prescribed nebulizer treatments. Have intubation equipment readily available.
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for the child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease who is receiving high-dose aspirin therapy and reports joint pain?
Provide age-appropriate bed rest activities