Systemic final - old material questions

T/F: synergism's are muscles that oppose the agonist

False

T/F: the sciatic nerve arises from the lumbar plexus

False

An osteon (haversian system) is:

Structural unit of compact bone

T/F A somatic motor neuron together with all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates is called a motor unit

True

T/F: In females, the urinary bladder is anterior to the vagina

True

T/F: agonists contract while antagonists relax

True

T/F: the biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair

True

Basement membrane in BVs are part of the

Tunica interna

Layer of BVs thicker in arteries than veins

Tunica media

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are

flexors of wrist and digits

Which best describes lacrimal bone

houses a structure that gathers tears

Number of phalanges in one hand

14

In the motor pathway how many neurons carry the signal to myofibers

2

The articular cartilage: 1. Consists of two layers: outer layer of dense fibrous CT and inner layer of loose CT, 2. Firmly binds the articulating bones, 3. Covers surfaces of articulating bones at synovial joint, 4. Helps absorb shock and reduce friction at synovial joint

3 and 4

Place the following events in the correct order: 1. ACh is released into synaptic cleft 2. Muscle action potential is triggered. 3. Action potential arrives at synaptic end bulb. 4. ACh binds to receptors on motor end plate

3, 1, 4, 2

A typical reflex arc involves the following components: 1. Sensory neuron 2. Motor neuron 3. Sensory receptor 4. Integrating center 5. Effector

3, 1, 4, 2, 5

How many cartilages are there in the larynx

9

The cup-shaped depression formed by all three portions of hip bone is the

Acetabulum

Select muscle served by obdurate nerve

Adductor muscles of thigh

A midsaggital section of the brain would pass through: longitudinal fissure, corpus coliseum, flax cerebra, all of these

All of these

A synapse is a functional junction between: two neurons, a neuron and a muscle cell, a neuron and a glandular cell, all of these

All of these

The gray matter of the spinal cord: is subdivided into regions called horns, surrounded by white matter, contains neuronal cell bodies, all of these

All of these

What structures of synovial joints absorb shock from external forces that are placed on it: articular cartilage, synovial fluid, hyaline cartilage covering articulating surfaces of bones, none, all

All of these

Serous membranes are associated with: pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominal cavity, or all of these

All of these choices

Structure in the lung that is part of the respiratory zone

Alveolar ducts

Pectinate muscles are seen in the

Atriums

The word dorsum may be used to describe

Back of hand, or top of foot

T/F: The hardness of a bone is due to crystallized inorganic mineral salts such as calcium phosphate. T/F: The flexibility and tensile strength of bone are due to organic molecules such as collagen fibers

Both are true

From which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise

Brachial

When examined microscopically, striations are visible in the ______ muscle tissue

Cardiac and skeletal

Part of the stomach that surrounds the opening of the esophagus into the stomach

Cardiac region

Dendrites are processes of a neuron that

Carry nerve impulses into the neuron cell body

What part of brain would you find arbor vitae

Cerebellum

The cerebral cortex is located where

Cerebrum

The main plexuses formed by anterior rami of spinal nerves:

Cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral

What anatomical Structure is being described using the following anatomical terms: medial to ear, lateral to nose, inferior to eye, superior to maxillary teeth

Cheek (buccal)

The levels of structural organization from least complex to most complex are:

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system

Best description of thoracic and upper lumbar lateral gray horns

Contain sypmpathetic preganglionic cell bodies

The best description of white ramus

Contains sympathetic preganglionic axons

Functions of the skeletal system do not include

Control of body temperature

Phrenic nerve arises from cervical plexus. Select the structure served by it

Diaphragm

Patellar surface, with which the patella articulates is located on the ____ end of the _____

Distal, femur

______ (or motor) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____ (muscles or glands)

Efferent, central nervous system, effectors

Division of autonomic nervous system that is the specialized network of nerves and ganglia forming complex, integrated neuronal network within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and gallbladder

Enteric

Visceral layer of serous pericardium is also termed as

Epicardium

Nasal septum is made up of septal cartilage, vomer, and ___

Ethmoid bone

Membrane-filled spaces between cranial bones of an infant skull are called

Fontanels

A _____ refers to a small mass of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies, outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Ganglion

Which of the following is not a tarsal bone: navicular, hamate, cuboid, cuneiform, talus

Hamate

The ulna

Has radial notch on lateral surface

The ____ is the major control and integration center of the autonomic nervous system

Hypothalamus

Surface of the heart that rests mostly on the diaphragm is

Inferior surface

Internal urethral sphincter is made up of

Involuntary skeletal muscle

Only 15-20% of nephrons are

Juxtamedullary nephrons

Which is not a type of neuroglial cell (helper)

Kupfer cell

Which of the following best describes a tub erosion

Large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment

Structure that connects the stomach and duodenum to the liver

Lesser omentum

Structures that are most responsible for holding bones together at synovial joints are

Ligaments

2 muscles that insert on the angle of the ramus of the mandible and elevate the mandible

Massager, temporalis

Which feature goes with the knee joint

Medial and lateral menisci

The frontal bone: contributes to sagittal suture, forms part of floor or orbit, articulates w mandible, articulates w occipital bone, none

None

In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary visual area

Occipital lobe

Which muscle is not attached to the scapula in any way

Pectoralis major

A good description for a condyloma (ellipsoidal) joint is

Oval-shaped projection fits into oval shape depression

The post central gurus is in the ____ lobe of the cortex; it contains the primary ______ area

Parietal, somatosensory

Most specifically, the heart is located in the

Pericardial cavity

Which of these does not belong to distal row of carpal bones: hamate, pisiform, trapezoid, trapezium, capitate

Pisiform

Which of the following contain sensory information only

Posterior (dorsal) root

Which of the following muscles extends the leg at the knee and aids in flexion at the hip

Recuts Femoris

Functions of kidney

Regulate blood volume, regulate BP, production of hormones

Primary type of movement permitted by pivot joint

Rotation

Heart sound caused by blood turbulence associated w closure of AV valves

S1

Bone that consists of 5 fused bones, triangular in shape, serves as boundary of pelvic cavity

Sacrum

A _____ section of the body or organ would divide the organ into Right and Left sides

Sagittarius

Cardiac muscle is best characterized by which of the following

Single nucleus, involuntary, intercalated discs

5th cranial nerve provides sensory info from the face. The three branches of the tribe in al nerve pass from the periphery of the face to the brain through three separate foramina. Which cranial bone contains the foramina for the bass age of the branches of the trigeminal nerve

Sphenoid

Which muscle rotates the head when contracted unilaterally

Sternocleidomastoid

The action that moves the palm of hand into anatomical position

Supination

The greater tubercle of the humerus is the point of insertion of which muscle

Supraspinatus

A ___ type of joint in which two bones are held together by a disc of fibrocartilage

Symphysis

What portion of vertebra does not surround the spinal cord to protect it from injury

TVP

Which skull bone contains the mandibular fossa, mastoid process, styloid process, and zygomatic process

Temporal

What pair of skull bones contribute to the only freely moveable joint of the head

Temporal and mandible

Almost all sensory impulses pass through what structure on their way to the cerebral cortex

Thalamus

The mandible has condylar processes and coronoid processes

The condylar process is articular; the coronoid process is for muscle attachment

Which of the following statements is false: the diaphragm separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity, the esophagus is located in the mediastinum, the vertebral canal contains the spinal cord, the pleural cavities containing the lungs are part of the thoracic cavity

The diaphragm separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity

An accident report submitted by an officer who is a former anatomy student contains the following statement: "the victim suffered a severe blow to the mental region" this means:

The victim was struck on the chin

What is another name for the carpal region

The wrist

What is a characteristic of spongy bone tissue but not compact bone tissue

Trabeculae

Using the following directional terms, decide which bone is being describe: proximal to metacarpal I, distal to scaphoid, lateral to trapezoid

Trapezium

Inability to control eyeball movement my indicate damage to what cranial nerves

Trochlear, oculomotor, abducens (4, 3, 6)

A bundle of skeletal muscle fibers is separated from neighboring bundles by perimysium

True

Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear

White

A characteristic of osteoclasts is that they

are responsible for the destruction (resorption) of matrix and the release of calcium into the bloodstream

Which best describes occipital bone

bears condyles that form the atlanto-occipital joints

Which joint shows a pivot motion

between atlas and dens of axis

Which best describes a typical cervical vertebra

contains transverse foramina

Select the best description of the ependymal cells

form lining of brain ventricles

Which of the following terms could describe a joint at which flexion and extension are the only movements

hinge and monaxial joints

Which of the following responses is a result of sympathetic stimulation

increased rate and depth of breathing

The ethmoid bone does NOT contain

inferior nasal conchae

Which peripheral nerves are responsible for cutaneous sensation from skin of anterior abdominal wall as well as motor innervation to anterior abdominal wall muscles

intercostal (thoracic) nerves

A block of which nerve would provide anesthesia to the lower teeth and chin

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

Which of the following is true of the radius: medial bone of forearm, head articulates w distal end of ulna, articulates w trochlear notch of humerus, none of these

none of these

Which of the following is found on the posterior distal surface of humerus

olecranon fossa

Canaliculi allow nutrients to diffuse to mature bone cells located within lacunae of the osteon. Which of the following are those mature bone cells?

osteocytes

Which feature goes with the elbow joint?

radial collateral ligament

The deltoid muscle is named according to

relative shape of the muscle

In skeletal muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum

releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction

Which of the following best describes a facet

smooth, flat surface

Senses of pain and temperature are conveyed to the brain by

spinothalamic tracts

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely associated or matched

talocrural (ankle), diarthrosis

Conus medullaris is

the tapering end of the spinal cord inferior to the lumbar enlargement

Of the muscles that move the forearm, two have points of origin on the scapula. They are the biceps brachii and the

triceps brachii

Select the structures served by radial nerve

triceps brachii

The cranial nerve which conveys parasympathetic control of most organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities is

vagus (X) nerve

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely matched

white matter, tracts in the central nervous system