Pharmacology black board chapters 5-10 duplicate somehow
Knowing that the packaging of ophthalmic and otic agents is smaller than the pharmacy labeling, what practices might you follow to ensure the patient receives all necessary information?
(GOT ME A 50%) i would try to be as thorough as i can be so that i can make sure the patient receives all the necessary information Practices i may follow include flagging on the label, Making sure to not cover the NDC, for he or she to be successful. I could place the drug in its container in a plastic bag and put the pharmacy label on the bag. i WOULD VERBALLY TELL THEM HOW TO TAKE THE MEDICINE IN COMMON TERMS and when as well as how. tHAT knowlwdge would help alot and always being safe double checking everything.
Explain how celecoxib works.
(Got me a 25%) celecoxib works by blocking the body production of certain natural substances that cause inflammation
List four ways to block normal muscle function.
(Got me a 50%) produce movements generate heat maintain posture stabilize joints
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors all end in which of the following suffixes?
-statin
Which of the following drug classes work by eliminating sodium and water from the body?
. thiazide diuretics
How long should a patient leave contact lenses out after application of eye ointment?
15 minutes
Which of the following statements is not true?
: Eardrops may be prescribed for use in the eye.
Which of the following antianxiety drugs is a controlled substance?
: Librium
Which of the following drugs used as sleep aids activates receptors for melatonin, a natural hormone that causes sleepiness?
: Rozerem
Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in patients with heart failure?
: Timoptic
• malignant melanoma:
: a highly malignant cancer that forms from melano-cytes; sunburn greatly increases the risk of this skin disorder
squamous cell carcinoma
: a type of cancer that grows more rapidly than basal cell carcinoma; cells tend to keratinize; metastasis is uncommon
Which of the following is not a therapeutic indication for ACE inhibitors?
: blood clots
Which of the following drugs can cause a patient to have dry eyes?
: loratadine
Which of the following drugs for angina should be dispensed in its original amber glass container?
: nitroglycerin
Which of the following drugs is used to treat neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in addition to focal seizures?
: pregabalin
Which of the following is a caution for the use of statins
: risk of rhabdomyolysis
Which of the following is not a drug class that may adversely affect cholesterol levels?
ACE inhibitors
Which of the following is an atypical antipsychotic?
ALL ARE CORRECT. Vraylar Latuda Aristada
What is the difference between anticoagulants and fibrinolytics? List the examples discussed in the chapter and identify their class.
Anticoagulants are used to risk reduce the risk of blood clots. An anticoagulant prevents clot formation by inhibiting clotting factors also dissolving clots that have already formed. Fibrinolytics differ from anticoagulant agents in a specific way. Fibrolytics agents actually dissolve existing thrombi and emboli but anticoagulant agents can help prevent existing emboli and thrombi from expanding. some examples discussed in this chapter are enoxaparin, apixaban and bivalirudin belong in the anticoagulants class. In the fibrinolytics class alteplase and Tenecteplase are examples for that class.
Which of the following is a self-injected agent used for acute treatment of intermittent "off" time during the treatment of Parkinson's Disease?
Apomorphine
Carbamazepine has a boxed warning for potentially fatal dermatologic reactions for which of the following population groups?
Asian patients
Which of the following drugs is a topical analgesic used in otitis media for pain?
Auralgan
What is the brand name for brinzolamide?
Azopt
Commonly Used Agents for Sun-Damaged Skin
Benzocaine (Anacaine, Dermoplast, HurriCaine, Lanacane) and lidocaine (Lidoderm, Lidopin, Topicaine, Xolido, Xylocaine) are topical anesthetics that provide temporary relief from sunburn pain. These should be used only on intact skin for short periods
Cautions and Considerations
Benzocaine is associated with methemoglobinemia, a disorder in which an abnormal form of hemoglobin is produced. Methemoglobinemia can be a medical emergency. For this reason, benzocaine use is not recommended in patients younger than two. Topical corticosteroids should be applied sparingly so that systemic absorption does not happen. Topical hydrocortisone may result in allergic contact dermatitis and local sensitization. Patients who are allergic to sulfonamides can have an allergic reaction to silver sulfadiazine, so careful consideration must be given before its use. Because tissue necrosis (death) in the area of application has occurred in some patients, careful wound care and monitoring are necessary. Silver sulfadiazine does not protect against fungal organisms, so wounds treated with it should be monitored for development of a fungal infection. In general, drugs that are applied topically have few drug interactions.
For the following drug classes, describe the mechanism of action in treating hypertension. Diuretics Calcium channel blockers ACE inhibitors ARBs Beta blockers
Beta blockers will work in treating hypertension by blocking the effects of the hormone epinphrine but we know it as adrenaline. The beta blockers cause the heart to beat more slowly and with less force witch lowers blood pressure . They will also help with widening the veins and arteries to improve the blood flow. Ace inhibitors prevent an enzyme in the body from producing angiotensin 2, a substance that will narrow blood vessels. this prevention of narrowing can prevent hypertension. Angiotensin also releases hormones that raise blood pressure so that prevention will help stop hypertensin as well. Calcium channel blockers are medications used to lower blood pressure , They work by preventing calcium from entering the cells of the arteries and the heart. Calcium causes the arteries and the heart to contract stronger. When blocking calcium channel blockers allow blood vessels to relax and open. Diuretics, called water pills often help[ get rid of salt known as sodium and also water. Most of these medicines help your kidneys release more sodium into your urine. the sodium helps remove the water from your blood decreasing the amount of fluid flowing through your veins and arteries. This reduces blood pressure. ARBs work by blocking receptors that the hormone acts on specifically AT1 receptors, which are found in the heart, kidneys and blood vessels. Blocking the action of angiotensin 2 helps to lower the blood pressure, damage to the heart and kidneys.
Which of the following drugs is likely to darken or change a patient's eye color to brown?
Betagan
Which eye drop is a sulfonamide?
Bleph-10
All benzodiazepines belong to which of the following controlled substance schedules?
C-IV
Side Effects
Common side effects of topical retinoid agents include burning, dry skin, itching, peeling, and redness. Sensitive skin may be especially prone to these effects. If these effects are severe or bothersome, the patient should stop using the product. In addition, retinoids should not be used along with topical antibiotics such as tetracyclines because the antibiotics can increase these side effects. Oral agents such as isotretinoin have systemic side effects that can include depression, psychosis, pancreatitis, high triglyceride levels, and hepatotoxicity. Patients who already have any of these conditions should not take isotretinoin. Patients must be monitored closely for mental status changes, and regular laboratory blood tests must be performed to watch for pancreas and liver problems.
Which of the following otic solutions is only available as a prescription?
Cortisporin
Which five benzodiazepines are approved for hypnotic use?
Estazolam,Flurazepam,Quazepam (Doral), Temazepam (Restroil) and Triazolam (Halcion)
Why should patients avoid consuming alcohol while taking atypical antipsychotic medications?
Excessive sedation and hallucinations can occur.
What are the two neurotransmitters in the brain that play the greatest role in seizures?
GABA and glutamate
Which of the following drugs is used for multiple sclerosis and comes in an oral dosage form?
Gilenya
List the three states of neuron activity.
Got me a 25% resting, firing, or returning to rest
Which of the following is a typical (1st generation) antipsychotic?
Haldol
Mr. Brown is purchasing an OTC eyedrop. He has trouble putting eyedrops in his eye. He is also taking some prescription eyedrops. What are the instructions for using eyedrops? (Note that pharmacy technicians cannot provide counseling to patients. In this scenario you would refer Mr. Brown to the pharmacist.)
I will respond to Mr.brown and refer him to the pharmacist, and he or she said to install eye drops. You would lie down or tilt your head back, pull the lower eye lid down, and then carefully squeeze the container to allow the correct amount of drops in to the eye without touching the tip of the applicator to the eye, eyelid, eyelashes, or fingers.
List five causes of seizures.
Illegal or recreational drug use extreme intoxication epilepsy tumor in the brain hypoglycemia
_____ is a drying agent used for the ear.
Isopropyl alcohol / glycerin
Why should aspirin not be given to children?
It can lead to the development of Reye's syndrome in children who have been exposed to chicken pox or other viral infections.
Fluoxetine is an example of an antidepressant that appears to work through which of the following mechanisms?
It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin in the brain.
Which class of antidepressants are considered second-line treatments because of their many interactions with foods and other drugs?
MAOIs
What warning label should appear on prescriptions for muscle relaxants?
May cause drowsiness.
Why do most statins work better if taken in the evening?
Most cholesterol is produced at night.
Patients with age-related macular degeneration benefit by using _____ to decrease the disease progression.
Ocuvite
Bromocriptine is a drug often prescribed for patients with a diagnosis of
Parkinson's disease.
What combination drug contains levodopa plus an inhibitor of peripheral levodopa metabolism?
Sinemet
What is one of the major ways in which antiepileptic medications can interact with each other and with other drugs?
They can displace drugs from their binding sites on plasma proteins.
Discuss the side effects of topical corticosteroids.
Topical corticostreroids side effects include burning , itching, dryness, excessive hair growth, dermatitis, acne, hypopigmentation and thinning of skin. with these side effects it is important to not apply close to eyes or mucous membranes and use na reasonable amount, dont be excessive.
Which of the following is used to treat head lice?
Which of the following is used to treat head lice?
Which of the of the following is an ophthalmic alpha receptor agonist?
Which of the of the following is an ophthalmic alpha receptor agonist?
thrombus
a blood clot that stays attached to itspoint of origin
international normalized ratio (INR)
a blood test that measures how long it takes blood toclot
membrane-stabilizing agent
a class I antiarrhythmicdrug that slows the movement of ions into cardiac cells, reducing the action potential and damping abnormal rhythms and heartbeats
vessel that carries oxygen-enriched bloodfrom the heart to other parts of the body
a class IV antiarrhythmicdrug that impedes the movement of calciumions into cardiac muscle cells, reducing cellcontractility, lowering the cell's need for energyand oxygen, and relaxing coronary vascularsmooth muscle, which allows coronary arteriesand arterioles to dilate and increases oxygendelivery
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
a commonly used drug class that blocksthe action of angiotensin-converting enzyme
deep vein thrombosis (DVT
a condition causedby a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in thebody
heart failure (HF)
a condition in which the heart can no longer pump adequate blood to the body's tissues
retinoid
a cream that is a derivative of vitamin A used to treat acne and wrinkles , is a treatment of last resort for severe acne. Isotretinoin is a known teratogen, which means it causes birth defects and comes with a boxed warning
hypercholesterolemia
a disorder characterizedby excessive cholesterol
angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)
a drug that blocks the action of angiotensin II
nitrate
a drug that dilates coronary vessels, allowing more oxygen and nutrients to reach cardiac muscle cells thereby relieving chest pain and ischemia
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
a drug that inhibits the rate-limiting step in cholesterol formation
antiplatelet agent
a drug that interferes with the chemical reactions that cause platelets to be sticky and aggregate
anticoagulant
a drug that prevents clot formation by inhibiting clotting factors
antiplatelet
a drug that reduces the risk of clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation
vasodilator
a drug that relaxes smooth muscleand causes blood vessels to dilate
fibric acid derivative
a drug used to lower high cholesterol, especially high triglycerides
dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
a first-line therapy for hypertension that reduces blood pressure by dilating the arterioles;used to treat most supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
myocardial infarction (MI)
a heart attack; occurs when a region of the cardiac muscle isdeprived of oxygen
angiotensin
a hormone that causes vasoconstrictionand an increase in blood pressure
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
a lipoprotein thatat high levels causes plaque buildup in the vasculature and can lead to heart disease or stroke; also known as bad cholesterol
high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
a lipoproteinthat absorbs cholesterol and transports it to theliver to be excreted from the body; also knownas good cholesterol
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
a low platelet count caused by heparin or an LMWH; can be life-threatening
total cholesterol
a measure of the total amount of cholesterol in the body based on HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels
diastolic blood pressure
a measurement of theblood pressure when the heart relaxes and fillswith blood (diastole)
systolic blood pressure
a measurement of thepressure when the heart contracts, ejectingblood (systole)
heparin
a naturally occurring circulatory anticoagulantproduced in mast cells
triglyceride
a neutral fat stored in adipose tissue that releases free fatty acids into the blood
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
a nonsurgical procedure in which a catheter is used to place a stent to open blood vessels in the heart
Which of the following is a common side effect while taking ACE inhibitors?
a persistent, annoying cough
actinic keratosis
a precancerous condition resulting from overexposure to sunlight
fibrinogen
a protein produced in the liver that reacts with thrombin to create fibrin
fibrin
a protein that arranges into threads andultimately leads to the formation of a blood clot
beta-1 receptor
a receptor found primarily in theheart and kidneys
beta-2 receptor
a receptor found primarily in thelungs
hemorrhagic stroke
a rupture in a blood vessel that supplies an area of the brain
clotting cascade
a series of events that initiates blood clotting, or coagulation
acute coronary syndrome
a situation in whichthe blood supplied to the heart is suddenlyblocked
basal cell carcinoma:
a slow-growing tumor that rarely metastasizes
lipoprotein
a spherical particle containing a coreof triglycerides and cholesterol, in varying proportions, surrounded by a surface coat of phospholipids
ischemic stroke
a stroke resulting from an obstruction of blood flow to part of the brain
pulmonary embolism (PE)
a sudden blocking ofthe pulmonary artery by a blood clot
orthostatic hypotension
a sudden decrease inblood pressure upon standing
conduction system
a system consisting of cardiac muscle cells and conducting fibers that coordinate contraction of the heart
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a temporaryneurologic change that occurs when part of the brain lacks sufficient blood supply over a briefperiod of time; it may be a warning sign andpredictor of imminent stroke
capillary
a tiny blood vessel in which fluids,gases, and nutrients are exchanged between theblood and body tissues
variant angina
a type of angina characterized bychest pain due to coronary artery spasm; usually not stress induced
unstable angina
a type of angina characterized bychest pain that occurs with increasing frequency, diminishes the patient's ability to work, and has a decreasing response to treatment; it maysignal an oncoming MI
stable angina
a type of angina characterized byeffort-induced chest pain from physical activityor emotional stress; usually predictable andreproducible
arrhythmia
a variation in heartbeat; irregular heartbeat
vein
a vessel that carries oxygen-depleted bloodtoward the heart
Which of the following is the most commonly used drug for treatment of Parkinson's disease?
a.Sinemet b.Azilect c.Zelapar d.Focalin XR Sinemet
Which of the following drug products contains methylphenidate in a long-acting dosage form?
a.Vyvanse b.Aptensio XR c.Focalin XR d.Adderall Aptensio XR
Which of the following would be least likely to cause a seizure?
a.head injury b.alcohol withdrawal c.high fever d.Alzheimer's disease d. is correct (.Alzheimer's disease)
All the following are associated with chronic dry eye, except
a.hormonal changes. b.anxiety disorders.Correct c.old age. d.autoimmune disorders. B IS CORRECT
Cortisporin Otic Solution is a combination medication that contains all the following except
a.hydrocortisone. b.neomycin. c.polymyxin B. d.acetic acid.
Which of the following drugs should not be used to treat Alzheimer's disease in patients who smoke?
a.memantine b.rivastigmine c.donepezil d.galantamine correct is donepezil (d)
Which of the following is not a boxed warning for amiodarone?
a.potential to exacerbate arrhythmias b.risk of severe liver toxicity c.increased risk of heart failure d.pulmonary toxicity The correct answer is: increased risk of heart failure
Carbamide peroxide is contraindicated in patients with all the following except
a.vertigo.Correct b.ear drainage. c.a perforated tympanic membrane. d.ear pain. a IS CORRECT
Which of the antiplatelet drugs listed below is a glycoprotein antagonist?
abciximab
Glaucoma is an eye disorder that involves
abnormally high internal eye pressure.
bradycardia
abnormally slow heart rate
Which of the following generalized seizure types would be most consistent with symptoms of a blank stare followed by rapid eye blinking and uncontrolled facial movements?
absence
atherosclerosis
accumulation of cholesterol andfats on the inner surfaces of arteries, eventuallyclogging the arteries and leading to MI or stroke
Which of the following begins the process of muscle contraction?
acetylcholine
Which of the following is an approved medication to treat acetaminophen overdose?
acetylcysteine
an agent that lowers LDL by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver
adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL)inhibitor
Which patient population should not take a mixed analgesic?
alcoholics
What drug is both a prophylaxis and treatment for influenza as well as Parkinson's disease?
amantadine
Tobramycin is classified as a _____ anti-infective.
aminoglycoside
cardiovascular agents that cause photosensitivity
amiodarone, diltiazem, quinidine, simvastatin sotalol,
dyslipidemia
an abnormal amount of lipids in the blood
embolus
an abnormal particle, such as a bloodclot or air bubble, that circulates in the blood
fibrillation
an abnormal rhythm that occurs when large portions of the heart beat out of sequence
flutter
an abnormal rhythm that occurs whenselect portions of the heart beat slightly out ofsync with the rest of the heart
thrombolytic agent
an agent that dissolves clots by binding to the clot protein formed by fibrin
bile acid sequestrant
an agent that forms a nonabsorbablecomplex with bile acids in the intestines,which is eliminated in the feces
adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL)inhibitor
an agent that lowers LDL by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver
low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)
an anticoagulant derived from heparin
glycoprotein antagonist
an antiplatelet agentthat binds to receptors on platelets, preventingplatelet aggregation as well as the binding offibrinogen and other adhesive molecules
hyperkalemia
an elevated potassium level
hyperlipidemia
an elevation of the levels of one or more of the lipoproteins in the blood
thrombin
an enzyme in blood plasma that causesblood clotting by reacting with fibrinogen toform fibrin
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
an event that interrupts oxygen supply to an area of the brain; medical term for stroke
tachycardia
an excessively fast heart rate
ischemia
an inadequate blood supply to an organ, usually due to blockage in the coronaryarteries
cholesterol
an odorless, white, waxlike, powderysubstance that is present in all foods of animalorigin but not in foods of plant origin Tu
NSAIDs do not interact with which of the following drug classes?
antacids
To treat otitis media, which of the following combination of drugs are prescribed?
antibiotics and analgesics
To which class of drugs does acetaminophen belong?
antipyretic analgesics
sinoatrial (SA) node
area of the heart that generates heartbeats, known as the heart's natural pacemaker
Which of the following newer antipsychotic drugs is classified today as being "atypical?"
aripiprazole
Which of the following is an injectable antipsychotic drug given just one time every four to six weeks?
aripiprazole lauroxil
List two drugs used for the treatment of narcolepsy. What schedule are they?
armordafinal (nuvigil)C-IV Modafinal (provigil) C-IV
Beta blockers may be used in combination with what other drug to reduce the risk of death or recurrence following a myocardial infarction?
aspirin
The narrowing of the arteries due to deposits of cholesterol and fat on the inner surface of the vessel is known as
atherosclerosis.
Which drug used to treat ADD/ADHD is not a controlled substance?
atomoxetine
Which of the following drugs would be a good choice to treat ADHD in a patient who also has a substance abuse disorder?
atomoxetine
Which of the following drugs reduces cholesterol levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol?
atorvastatin
Which of the following ARBs is sensitive to moisture and light and must be dispensed in the original bottle?
azilsartan (Edarbi)
An atonic seizure
begins with sudden loss of both muscle tone and consciousness. The patient may collapse, the head may drop, and the jaw may slacken. An arm or a leg may go limp. The seizure lasts a few seconds to a minute, and then the patient can stand and walk again
dermis
below the epidermis, includes connective tissue with upward projections into the epidermis. It is supplied with capillaries and sensory nerve terminals that do not penetrate the epidermis. The dermis contains smooth muscle at hair follicles (arrector pili), in sheets in the areola of the nipple, and in the scrotum, where the muscle action causes wrinkled skin. Two types of glands are widely distributed in the dermis: sebaceous glands and sudoriferous glands, also known as sweat glands
What class of drugs is considered to be the standard of care for alcohol (ethanol) detoxification?
benzodiazepines
Which of the following is an anticholinergic drug used to treat the Parkinson-like side effects of antipsychotic therapy?
benztropine
Which of the following ophthalmic products are contraindicated in patients with cardiac complications and hyperthyroidism?
beta blockers
beta-blocker
beta-blocker
With which psychiatric disorder do patients suffer from alternating episodes of major depression and mild-to-severe agitation?
bipolar disorder
What term refers to an abnormally slow heart rate?
bradycardia
Which of the following ophthalmic agents for glaucoma is available over the counter?
brimonidine
which of the of the following is an ophthalmic alpha receptor agonist?
brimonidine
Which drug used to treat depression is also used for smoking cessation?
bupropion
Which of the following medications is available in a regular strength, SR, and XL dosages?
bupropion
Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB)?
candesartan
What was the first beta blocker approved for treatment of COPD?
carvedilol
Which is a new class of anti-Parkinson agents that increases patient "on" time?
catechol-o-methyl transferase inhibitors
Which of the following drugs is least likely to produce GI irritation at analgesic doses?
celecoxib
Which of the following is a COX-2 inhibitor?
celecoxib
angina pectoris
chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to a portion of the heart
Which of the following antifungal agents would be most likely to be used for nail fungus?
ciclopirox
What are two lifestyle factors that may contribute to the development of heart disease?
cigarette smoking and diabetes
Which of the following is a drug used to treat gout that is available in oral and injectable dosage forms?
colchicine
Which of the following is used for the treatment of both acute and chronic gout?
colchicine
What is the term used to describe inflammation caused by bacteria or viruses in the mucous membranes surrounding the eye?
conjunctivitis
Which of the following is the most common side effect of a calcium channel blocker?
constipation
Which of the following eye diseases can lead to blindness if not treated?
d.prostaglandin analogs
What term describes the electrical signal that causes a muscle to contract?
depolarization
narrow therapeutic index
describes when a smalldifference in dose or blood concentration of adrug may lead to serious therapeutic failures oradverse drug reactions
Which of the following muscle relaxants is a controlled substance?
diazepam
Which of the following drugs is used to discourage alcohol consumption by causing flushing, blurred vision, chest pain, and vomiting?
disulfuram
What drug is used to treat cold sores (herpes simplex 1)?
docosanol
Parkinson's disease results from the destruction of neurons in the substantia nigra that transmit which of the following neurotransmitters?
dopamine
_________ is a very versatile drug because it has multiple unique dosage forms, including a cream used for itching and an oral liquid formulation sometimes prescribed by dentists.
doxepin
Which of the following is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
dry cough
Which of the following serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors is used to treat diabetic neuropathy?
duloxetine
hypertension
elevated blood pressure
Which of the following ACE inhibitors used to treat heart failure has an IV dosage form?
enalaprilat
Which of the following tissues makes up the outermost layer of the skin?
epidermis
Which of the following drugs is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used fordepression?
escitalopram
What clinical effect or side effect of aspirin is also produced by acetaminophen (Tylenol)?
fever reduction
Which of the following drugs is used for chronic dry eye?
fluorometholone
Which of the following SSRIs is used to treat a severe form of premenstrual syndrome?
fluoxetine
Which of the following treatments is not used for acne?
fluticasone
Define the terms fungicide, disinfectant, germicide, and antiseptic.
fungicide is a chemical that destroys fungas. Disinfectant is a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria Antiseptic is relating substance(s) that prevent the growth of disease causing microorganisms
Patients and providers must complete risk-benefit evaluations to manage epilepsy during pregnancy with which of the following drugs?
gabapentin
Which of the following is an over-the-count product thought, but not conclusively proven, to improve memory for patients with Alzheimer's disease?
ginkgo biloba
Which of the following multiple sclerosis medications must be stored in the refrigerator and brought to room temperature for administration?
glatiramer acetate
Which of the following eye diseases can lead to blindness if not treated?
glaucoma
Which of the following is a condition in which increased intraocular pressure damages the optic nerve?
glaucoma
An unlabeled use for baclofen (Lioresal) is to treat
hiccups.
Which of the following antianxiety drugs is not a benzodiazepine?
hydroxyzine
Salicylate toxicity is characterized by all the following except
hypothermia.
Which NSAID has an oral liquid form and is suitable for children?
ibuprofen
Which of the following drugs is an NSAID?
ibuprofen
Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which calcium channel blockers decrease blood pressure?
impeding the movement of calcium ions into cardiac muscle cells during depolarization
Which of the following best describes the boxed warning for the beta-blockers atenolol, metoprolol, nadolol, propranolol, and timolol?
increased cardiac symptoms with abrupt discontinuation
NSAIDs carry boxed warnings for all the following adverse effects except
increased risk of liver toxicity.
All drugs in the SSRI class have a boxed warning for which of the following conditions?
increased risk of suicide
How do salicylates reduce fever?
increasing blood flow to skin and inhibiting PG synthesis
What NSAID is the most used for gouty arthritis?
indomethacin
Photosensitivity
is an abnormal sensitivity to light, which can be caused by some drug therapies. In such cases, the skin can be extrasensitive to sunlight.
Which oral agent should not be used in patients who are or may become pregnant?
isotretinoin
Patients on warfarin therapy should maintain consistent intake of which of the following foods?
kale
When injected, a 30 mg dose of which of the following NSAIDs is as effective as 12 mg of morphine in relieving pain?
ketorolac
Which of the following is a beta blocker that is commonly used in the treatment of angina?
labetalol
Which of the following drugs prevents seizure by inhibiting the neurotransmitter glutamate in the brain?
lamotrigine
The ophthalmic solution Xalatan has the generic name
latanoprost.
What is the most common drug therapy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
levodopa
Which anti-Parkinson's agent is associated with the on-off phenomenon?
levodopa
Which of the following drugs is the drug used most often for treatment of bipolar disorder?
lithium
What is the most serious adverse effect associated with acetaminophen?
liver damage
Acetaminophen doses greater than 4 g (4,000 mg) a day are associated with which of the following?
liver toxicity
thrombocytopenia
low platelet count
Which class of drug does not cause photosensitivity?
macrolide antibiotics
What term is used to describe a mood of hyperactivity, extreme excitement, and excessive elation?
mania
What drug blocks glutamate receptors in patients who have Alzheimer's disease? Select one:
memantine
In addition to providing primary drug therapy for arthritis, NSAIDs are commonly used to treat
menstrual cramps.
Which of the following medications has been approved for the treatment of shift-work disorder?
modafinil
Which disorder or disease requires muscle relaxants?
multiple sclerosis
All the following nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are available in topical formulations except
nabumetone.
constriction
narrowing
Low doses of prochlorperazine are commonly used for
nausea and vomiting.
Treatment of an acute MI often includes oxygen, aspirin, and which of the following drugs?
nitroglycerin
Which of the following nitrates has an ointment dosage form that is applied to a patient's chest wall?
nitroglycerin
Which of the following drugs can a patient with a perforated ear drum use?
ofloxacin
Which of the following is an antipsychotic drug that can cause significant weight gain associated with high cholesterol and onset of diabetes?
olanzapine
Oral bisphosphonates should be administered
on an empty stomach.
Purkinje fiber
one of the conduction system's fibers that stretches from the bundle of His through the ventricles to contract the lower part of the heart
The pharmacy technician should not be concerned if the physician prescribes an
ophthalmic solution for a patient to use in the ear.
Abnormally high intraocular pressure can lead to damage to the
optic nerve.
Which type of arthritis results in loss of cartilage elasticity and thickness and causes bone to wear and become deformed?
osteoarthritis
Swimmer's ear may also be referred to as
otitis externa.
Which of the following drugs is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is sometimes used for anxiety? Select one:
paroxetine
Which of the following anticonvulsants is a controlled substance?
phenobarbital
The use of which anticonvulsant may result in physical or psychological dependence?
pregabalin
Which of the following anticonvulsant drugs is a GABA enhancer?
pregabalin
What does the systolic blood pressure reading represent?
pressure after the heart has emptied
Which of the following antiarrhythmic drugs may cause leukopenia (low white blood cell count)?
procainamide
Which of the following drug classes is considered first-line therapy for glaucoma, is most effective, and is prescribed as a once daily dosing?
prostaglandin analogs
Which of the following is the antidote for heparin?
protamine sulfate
Which of the following drugs used to treat insomnia is a melatonin receptor agonist?
ramelteon
What is the purpose of an antipyretic?
reduce fever
repolarization
restoration of the negative voltageacross a heart or nerve cell membrane, caused by an outflow of positive ions
Which class of drugs should carry the warning label "Avoid sun exposure?"
retinoids
depolarization
reversal of the negative voltage across a heart or nerve cell membrane, caused by an inflow of positive ions
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Which of the following Alzheimer's disease drugs is commercially available as a transdermal patch under the brand name Exelon?
rivastigmine
Otic preparations usually serve as adjunct therapy to oral antibiotics for severe ear infections in patients with
ruptured eardrum or tubes in their ears.
What is a common side effect of pyridostigmine (Mestinon) for myasthenia gravis?
salivation
Rheumatoid arthritis is usually symmetric, which means that the
same joints on both sides of the body are affected.
What is the primary indication for using antipsychotics?
schizophrenia
Acne is initiated by the overproduction of
sebum
stroke
see cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
fibrate
see fibric acid derivative
Which monoamine oxidase inhibitor is primarily used as an adjunct in managing Parkinson's disease?
selegiline
Which drug is used to treat dandruff?
selenium sulfide
In what part of the heart do the pacemaker cells generate a normal cardiac rhythm?
sinoatrial (SA) node
When erythromycin ophthalmic anti-infective is prescribed to treat conjunctivitis, the typical prescribing includes a frequency of
six times daily.
The main organ involved in temperature regulation is the
skin
Which of the following is a common side effect of allopurinol?
skin rash
Which of the following is a typical side effect in a patient is taking a therapeutic dose of lithium?
slight tremor of hands
Drug therapy for multiple sclerosis seeks to
slow the progression of the disease.
What term is used to describe continuous tonic-clonic seizures, lasting over 30 minutes, with high fever, and during which consciousness may not return?
status epilepticus
A patient with narcolepsy may be prescribed a
stimulant.
Methylphenidate, an agent used to treat children with ADD/ADHD, can best be characterized as a
stimulant.
Celecoxib has the potential for cross-reactivity in patients who are allergic to which of the following drug classes?
sulfonamides
Celecoxib has the potential for cross-reactivity in patients who are allergic to which of the following drug classes?
sulfonamides All of the following are topical antifungals except Select one: a.tolnaftate.Incorrect b.clotrimazole. c.mupirocin. d.ciclopirox. Feedback The correct answer is: mupirocin. Task 2 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text All of the following medications are brand names for clindamycin, except Select one: a.Azelex.Correct b.Ziana. c.Evoclin. d.Veltin. Feedback The correct answer is: Azelex. Task 3 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Herpes simplex virus type I is associated with which of the following? Select one: a.chicken pox b.genital infection c.cold soresCorrect d.shingles Feedback The correct answer is: cold sores Task 4 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Impetigo is an example of a skin infection caused by which of the following bacteria? Select one: a.StreptococcusCorrect b.Aspergillus c.Candida d.Tetanus Feedback The correct answer is: Streptococcus Task 5 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Methemoglobinemia, a medical emergency, is a disorder where an abnormal form of hemoglobin is produced and is associated with which of the following drugs? Select one: a.hydrocortisone b.benzocaineCorrect c.lidocaine d.silver sulfadiazine Feedback The correct answer is: benzocaine Task 6 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Some insurance companies may deny coverage of retinoid therapy because Select one: a.it is considered cosmetic.Correct b.it is a controlled substance. c.all insurance carriers are required to cover retinoid therapy by federal mandate. d.it is available OTC. Feedback The correct answer is: it is considered cosmetic. Task 7 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Sunburn greatly increases the risk of which of the following categories of highly malignant skin cancer? Select one: a.basal cell carcinoma b.actinic keratosis c.squamous cell carcinoma d.malignant melanomaCorrect Feedback The correct answer is: malignant melanoma Task 8 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text What is the only source of nourishment for lice? Select one: a.sweat b.human bloodCorrect c.dead skin cells d.bacteria Feedback The correct answer is: human blood Task 9 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which antibiotic is most likely to increase the side effects of retinoids? Select one: a.amoxicillinIncorrect b.clindamycin c.erythromycin d.tetracycline Feedback The correct answer is: tetracycline Task 10 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following inhibits bradykinin and slows the synthesis of thromboxane, which may speed the healing of burns and sun overexposure? Select one: a.clove oil b.benzocaine c.chlorhexidine gluconate d.aloe gelCorrect Feedback The correct answer is: aloe gel Task 11 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is a topical medication that requires a prescription and is used for head lice and for inflammatory lesions of rosacea in adults? Select one: a.pyrethrin b.isotretinoin c.ivermectinCorrect d.permethrin Feedback The correct answer is: ivermectin Task 12 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following medications is an OTC-strength topical corticosteroid? Select one: a.ketoconazole 2% b.tacrolimus 0.03% c.hydrocortisone 0.5%Incorrect d.permethrin 1% Feedback The correct answer is: ketoconazole 2% Task 13 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following medications is a topical antibiotic used for rosacea? Select one: a.metronidazoleCorrect b.azelaic acid c.clindamycin d.erythromycin Feedback The correct answer is: metronidazole Task 14 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following medications is available as a shampoo for patients with fungal infections of the scalp and should not be used for more than 14 consecutive days? Select one: a.Desenex b.Nizoral c.CiclodanIncorrect d.Ertaczo Feedback The correct answer is: Nizoral Task 15 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following medications may increase concentrations of aluminum hydroxide? Select one: a.alclometasone b.dapsoneIncorrect c.calcipotriene d.tacrolimus Feedback The correct answer is: calcipotriene Task 16 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following topical agents works through a counterirritant action that involves evaporation and cooling, which soothes the itchy sensation? Select one: a. calamine b. calcipotriene c. tacrolimus Incorrect d. pimecrolimus Feedback The correct answer is: calamine Task 17 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text A fentanyl patch Select one: a. must not be cut with scissors. b. Two of the answers are correct Incorrect c. is available commercially under the trade name Duragesic. d. All of the answers are correct e. may be useful for the management of chronic pain. Feedback REF: p. 186 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 18 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text All records related to schedule II drugs must be kept on file for how long? Select one: a. 3 years b. 2 years Correct c. 5 years d. 1 year Feedback REF: p. 180 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: 2 years Task 19 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Appropriate dosage forms for local anesthetics include: Select one: a. an injection into the gumline at the dental office to numb an a specific area b. a spray used for the relief of sunburn c. an ointment to ease the pain and burning associated with external hemorrhoids d. Two of the answers are correct Incorrect e. All of the answers are correct Feedback REF: p. 174 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 20 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Hydrocodone/acetaminophen combinations Select one: a. All of the answers are correct Incorrect b. offer an effective anti-inflammatory benefit. c. are classified as schedule II controlled substance medications. d. are marketed commercially under the brand names Demerol and Exalgo. e. Two of the answers are correct Feedback REF: p. 183 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: are classified as schedule II controlled substance medications. Task 21 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Injectable anesthetics are very lipid soluble, which permits Select one: a. cholesterol levels to escalate. Incorrect b. distribution to the brain. c. a very slow onset of action. d. immediate metabolism by the liver. Feedback REF: p. 167 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: distribution to the brain. Task 22 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Ketamine produces a type of anesthesia known as Select one: a. disassociative amnesia. b. anterograde amnesia. Incorrect c. retrograde amnesia. d. general. Feedback REF: p. 168 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: disassociative amnesia. Task 23 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Lidocaine patches Select one: a. are worn for 12 hours then removed for 12 hours. b. Two of the answers are correct c. should never be cut with scissors, as this will destroy the release mechanism for the drug. d. All of the answers are correct Incorrect e. are marketed under the trade name Catapres. Feedback REF: p. 176 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: are worn for 12 hours then removed for 12 hours. Task 24 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Many anticholinesterase agents are used for which of the following conditions? Select one: a. allergies b. myasthenia gravis c. dementia Incorrect d. Crohn's Disease Feedback REF: p. 173 OBJ: 4 The correct answer is: myasthenia gravis Task 25 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Neuropathic pain is usually treated with which of the following? Select one: a. NSAIDs b. nerve block c. narcotics d. anticonvulsants Correct Feedback REF: p. 177 The correct answer is: anticonvulsants Task 26 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Nitrous oxide is commonly used alone in Select one: a. surgeries involving invasive cuts into the skeletal muscle of the back. b. surgical removal of the gallbladder. c. dental procedures. d. All of the answers are correct Incorrect Feedback REF: p. 164 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: dental procedures. Task 27 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Physiologic responses to pain include: Select one: a. water retention b. All of the answers are correct Correct c. None of the answers are correct d. increased heart rate e. depression Feedback REF: p. 177 The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 28 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Some narcotics can also be prescribed to treat which of the following conditions? Select one: a. cough b. GERD c. constipation Incorrect d. hypertension Feedback REF: p. 178 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: cough Task 29 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text The efferent nervous system: Select one: a. sensory information received from skin, fascia, joints, skeletal muscles, eyes, ears, nose tongue are sent to the brain b. carries information from the CNS to parts of the body to produce a response Correct c. carries information from sensory receptors that detect heat, cold, pain, and the presence of chemicals to the CNS d. coordinates and controls the activity of the other body system as responses Feedback REF: p. 158 OBJ: 1 The correct answer is: carries information from the CNS to parts of the body to produce a response Task 30 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text The sympathetic nervous system: Select one: a. regulates activities that are typically under voluntary control, such as the contraction of a muscle Incorrect b. Two of the answers are correct c. All of the answers are correct d. is a component of the autonomic nervous system e. exclusively uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine Feedback REF: p. 159 OBJ: 1 The correct answer is: is a component of the autonomic nervous system Task 31 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text To decrease the probability of accidental overdose, combination analgesics now contain a maximum of ___________ acetaminophen per tablet or capsule? Select one: a. 500 mg b. 220 mg c. 100 mg Incorrect d. 325 mg Feedback REF: p. 192 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: 325 mg Task 32 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text What is an advantage of using inhaled gases for anesthesia? Select one: a. rapid induction Correct b. respiratory depression c. circulatory system depression d. slow recovery Feedback REF: p. 165 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: rapid induction Task 33 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text A prescription of bupropion for smoking cessation should be dosed which of the following ways? Select one: a.once daily for 7 weeks then twice daily for 5 weeks b.once daily for three days then twice daily for 7 to 12 weeks c.twice daily for 7 weeks then once daily for 5 weeks. d.twice daily for three days then twice daily for 7 to 12 weekspg 220 Feedback The correct answer is: once daily for three days then twice daily for 7 to 12 weeks Task 34 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Alcohol withdrawal symptoms include: Select one: a.All of the above are correctpg 244 b.convulsions c.nausea and vomiting d.delirium tremens Feedback The correct answer is: All of the above are correct Task 35 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text All SSRI drugs are contraindicated with the use of which of the following drug classes? Select one: a.benzodiazepine b.MAOIspg 211 c.hypnotics d.TCAs Feedback The correct answer is: MAOIs Task 36 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Antidepressants: Select one: a.require a medication guide be dispensed with them. b.all work on the same neurotransmitter in the brain. c.work very quickly, often with therapeutic effects noticed upon initial dosing. d.All of the answers are correctpg 208 Feedback The correct answer is: require a medication guide be dispensed with them. Task 37 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Bupropion should be used with caution in patients with a history of which of the following conditions? Select one: a.depression b.obesity c.seizurespg 220 d.daytime drowsiness Feedback The correct answer is: seizures Task 38 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Celexa is often confused with Cerebyx and Celebrex. Therefore, caution must be used in dispensing; Celexa is used to treat ________, while Cerebyx is an anticonvulsant, and Celebrex is used to treat arthritis. Select one: a.depression and OCD b.insomnia c.diabetes mellituspg 210 d.hypertension Feedback The correct answer is: depression and OCD Task 39 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Cyclic antidepressants are sometimes used for which of the following side effects? Select one: a.feeling awake b.loss of appetite c.sedationpg 216 d.diarrhea Feedback The correct answer is: sedation Task 40 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Drugs like valproic acid and lamotrigine are commonly used as _______ in addition to their use in the management of bipolar disorder. Select one: a.laxatives b.anticonvulsantspg 222 c.antibiotics d.antihistamines Feedback The correct answer is: anticonvulsants Task 41 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Objectives of therapy for bipolar disorder include: Select one: a.sedation of the patient b.prevention of subsequent attacks c.All of the answers are correctpg 222 d.maintenance and prolongation of the manic phase Feedback The correct answer is: prevention of subsequent attacks Task 42 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Paliperidone uses an extended-release technology called osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system. What should patients be made aware of in regards to this technology? Select one: a.increase risk of diarrheapg 231 b.increase risk of constipation c.ghost tablets in the stool d.tablets must be crushed Feedback The correct answer is: ghost tablets in the stool Task 43 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Patients taking disulfiram should avoid ______ to avoid becoming violently ill. Select one: a.fatty foods b.caffeine c.alcoholpg 245 d.tyramine Feedback The correct answer is: alcohol Task 44 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Patients who are taking MAOIs should avoid aged cheese, yeast extracts, pickled fish, and sauerkraut because they all contain which of the following? Select one: a.alcohol b.sodium c.fat d.tryaminepg 219 Feedback The correct answer is: tryamine Task 45 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Paxil can be easily confused with Pepcid because the strengths are the same and the two names sound very much alike. Paxil is used for depression, while Pepcid is used for Select one: a.seasonal allergies. b.GERD or acid reflux.pg 212 c.anxiety. d.the management of Parkinson's Disease symptoms. Feedback The correct answer is: GERD or acid reflux. Task 46 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Prozac and Proscar are "look alike and sound alike" medications and are, therefore prone to error. Prozac is used to treat ___________ and Proscar is used to treat _________. Select one: a.depression; enlarged prostate b.OCD; anxietypg 209 c.anxiety; OCD d.enlarged prostate; depression Feedback The correct answer is: depression; enlarged prostate Task 47 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text A patient who has Parkinson's Disease has been controlling their disease well on levadopa for two years. Today, the patient's family is reporting a sudden onset of akinesia with a restless, unblinking stare and a stooped posture. These symptoms are characteristic of Select one: a. the patient switching to a generic formulation of levodopa. b. a common "on-off phenemenon" associated with longer term levodopa therapy. Correct c. an allergic response to levodopa. d. a reaction that occurs when levodopa is taken with grapefruit juice. Feedback REF: p. 270 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: a common "on-off phenemenon" associated with longer term levodopa therapy. Task 48 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Carbamazepine Select one: a. requires blood monitoring. b. is available comercially under the brand name Dilantin. c. is classified as a calcium channel blocker. d. Two of the answers are correct e. All of the answers are correct Incorrect Feedback REF: p. 261 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: requires blood monitoring. Task 49 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Clonazepam is a drug used to control seizures and is also used in the treatment of Select one: a. allergies. b. anxiety. c. anemia. Incorrect d. ADHD. Feedback REF: p. 257 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: anxiety. Task 50 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Common therapy for children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include the use of which of the following? Select one: a. CNS stimulants b. CNS depressants c. SSRIs Incorrect d. antianxiety drugs Feedback REF: p. 282 OBJ: 6 The correct answer is: CNS stimulants Task 51 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Drug interactions during antiepileptic therapy occur primairly as a result of Select one: a. the induction or inhibition of liver enzymes responsible for the drug's metabolism. Correct b. inhibition of the kidneys. c. the inhibition of antidiuretic hormone. d. None of the answers are correct Feedback REF: p. 257 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: the induction or inhibition of liver enzymes responsible for the drug's metabolism. Task 52 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Due to serious adverse effects, which anticonvulsant requires the patient or guardian to sign informed consent to use? Select one: a. gabapentin b. pregabalin Incorrect c. felbamate d. phenobarbital Feedback REF: p. 266 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: felbamate Task 53 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Fosphenytoin Select one: a. is available comercially under the brand name Celebrex. b. is a prodrug that is converted to phenytoin after administration. c. may cause a brief episode of intense itching which is not classified as an allergic response. d. All of the answers are correct Incorrect e. Two of the answers are correct Feedback REF: p. 262 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: Two of the answers are correct Task 54 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Fosphenytoin is rapidly converted to which of the following drugs upon administration? Select one: a. carbamazepine b. pregabalin c. gabapentin Incorrect d. phenytoin Feedback REF: p. 263 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: phenytoin Task 55 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Gingival hyperplasia is a hallmark side effect of which anticonvulsant drug? Select one: a. clonazepam Incorrect b. phenytoin c. phenobarbital d. gabapentin Feedback REF: p. 262 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: phenytoin Task 56 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Lacosamide belongs to which of the following DEA controlled substances schedules? Select one: a. C-I b. C-V Correct c. The medication is not classified as a DEA controlled substance d. C-II Feedback REF: p. 258 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: C-V Task 57 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Lamotrigine has a black box warning about the possibility of which of the following? Select one: a. ototoxicity b. possible death c. fatal rashes d. liver toxicity pg 266 Feedback REF: p. 266 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: fatal rashes Task 58 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Many antiepileptic drugs have a very narrow therapeutic range, which may be altered by Select one: a. a change in dosage form, such as transitioning a patient from an oral solution to a tablet. b. an interaction with another drug that competes for elimination or metabolism of the antiepiletic drug. Incorrect c. Two of the answers are correct d. All of the answers are correct e. a variance in the bioavailability of a tablet between two different manufacturers. Feedback REF: p. 257 OBJ: 2 The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 59 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Nystagmus is characterized by which of the following? Select one: a. perception of two images of a single object Incorrect b. vision loss c. imperfect articulation of speech d. rapid movement of the eyeballs Feedback REF: p. 265 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: rapid movement of the eyeballs Task 60 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text For isopropyl alcohol to be effective, which of the following must occur? Select one: a.shake the bottle well prior to use b.heat the solution to boiling temperature c.allow it to dry for at least 2 minutesCorrect d.apply with a cotton ball for 2 minutes Feedback The correct answer is: allow it to dry for at least 2 minutes Task 61 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Metronidazole is available in all of the following dosage forms except Select one: a.foam. b.ointment. c.gel.Incorrect d.cream. Feedback The correct answer is: foam. Task 62 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is a staphylococcal infection beginning in the sebaceous gland and the associated hair follicle? Select one: a.impetigo b.erysipelas c.furuncle d.folliculitisIncorrect Feedback The correct answer is: furuncle Task 63 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Drugs used to treat addiction include: Select one: a. None of the answers are correct b. All of the answers are correct c. buprenorphine d. buprenorphine-naloxone Incorrect e. methadone Feedback REF: p. 182 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 64 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following drugs is used extensively for open-heart surgery because it lacks some of the cardiac depressant actions of other anesthetics? Select one: a. ketamine Incorrect b. fentanyl c. propofol d. methohexital Feedback REF: p. 168 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: fentanyl Task 65 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in cognition, motivation, behavior, and mood? Select one: a. GABA b. dopamine Correct c. glutamate d. epinephrine Feedback REF: p. 160 OBJ: 1 The correct answer is: dopamine Task 66 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Modafinil is a nonamphetamine, schedule IV drug, approved for which of the following conditions? Select one: a.depression b.shift-work disorder c.insomniapg 238 d.anxiety Feedback The correct answer is: shift-work disorder Task 67 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Zoloft and Zocor may be mistaken for one another. Zoloft is used to treat ___________ and Zocor is used to treat _________. Select one: a.elevated cholesterol levels;depressionpg 213 b.depression; elevated cholesterol levels c.depression;pain d.pain; elevated cholesterol levels Feedback The correct answer is: depression; elevated cholesterol levels Task 68 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Stimulants used to treat attention-deficit disorders, such as amphetamine salts, are classified as ____ controlled substances. Select one: a. C-III b. C-II c. C-IV Incorrect d. C-V Feedback REF: p. 283 OBJ: 6 The correct answer is: C-II Task 69 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following conditions is a degenerative disorder of the brain that leads to progressive dementia and changes in personality? Select one: a. ADHD b. Alzheimer's disease Correct c. Parkinson's disease d. multiple sclerosis Feedback REF: p. 280 OBJ: 7 The correct answer is: Alzheimer's disease Task 70 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is a goal of antiepileptic drug therapy? Select one: a. cure the patient of future seizures Incorrect b. reduce the frequency of seizures c. reconfigure brain function d. prevent brain damage Feedback REF: p. 256 OBJ: 2 The correct answer is: reduce the frequency of seizures Task 71 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Nasal decongestants include: Select one: a. Two of the answers are correct b. diphenhydramine c. phenylephrine d. pseudoephedrine e. All of the answers are correct g 326Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine Feedback REF: p. 326 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: Two of the answers are correct Task 72 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which class of drugs are the most effective monotherapy for allergic rhinitis? Select one: a. decongestants b. inhaled corticosteroids c. nasal corticosteroids Correct d. antihistamines Feedback REF: p. 333 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: nasal corticosteroids Task 73 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is not a symptom of nicotine withdrawal? Select one: a. sedation b. headache c. depression d. anxiety Incorrect Feedback REF: p. 337 OBJ: 7 The correct answer is: sedation Task 74 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is a not a function of the cardiovascular system? a.bring oxygen to tissues b.carry away carbon monoxide from tissues c.bring nutrients to tissues d.carry away carbon dioxide from tissues Feedback The correct answer is: carry away carbon monoxide from tissues Task 75 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text A patient who takes an extended-release drug with a ghost pill should a.not be alarmed. b.retrieve the ghost pill. c.document when they see the ghost pill. d.inform their physician if they do not see the ghost pill. Feedback The correct answer is: not be alarmed. Task 76 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text ACE inhibitors should be avoided by which patient population? a.patients with heart failure b.patients on dialysis c.patients over 65 years old d.pregnant women Feedback The correct answer is: pregnant women Task 77 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following lipoproteins is the "good cholesterol" because it may reduce the risk of heart disease? a.triglycerides b.HDL c.LDL d.VLDL Feedback The correct answer is: HDL Task 78 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text What is the typical suffix for generic angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors? a.-pril b.-prazole c.-sartan d.-lol Feedback The correct answer is: -sartan Task 79 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following should be avoided when taking muscle relaxants? a.grapefruit b.alcohol c.cheeses d.antibiotics Feedback The correct answer is: alcohol Task 80 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Conjunctivitis is a common eye disorder treated with which of the following combinations of drugs? a.antibiotics and steroids b.steroids and analgesics c.antibiotics and analgesics d.antifungals and steroids Feedback The correct answer is: antibiotics and steroids Task 81 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text The ophthalmic solution, Betoptic S has the generic name a.brinzolamide. b.bimatoprost. c.brimonidine. d.betaxolol. Feedback The correct answer is: betaxolol. Task 82 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is not a cardiovascular problem? a.arrhythmias b.hyperglycemia c.angina d.myocardial infarction Feedback The correct answer is: hyperglycemia Task 83 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text All the following are bones inside the ear that transmit vibrations from sound by tapping on the oval window, except a.stapes b.cochlea c.malleus d.incus Feedback The correct answer is: cochlea Task 84 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is not a safe dosage form for patients who have tubes in their ears? a.otic solution b.tablet c.topical cream d.capsule Feedback The correct answer is: otic solution Task 85 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Cyclosporine taken orally causes _____, however when used locally in the eye, these side effects can be avoided. a.hypotension b.chemotoxic effects c.severe insomnia d.orange urine Feedback The correct answer is: chemotoxic effects Task 86 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is a topical OTC medication for cold sores that blocks the virus from invading the cells and is known to be most effective when administered at the first sign of an outbreak? a.acyclovir b.Sitavig c.docosanol d.valacyclovir Feedback The correct answer is: docosanol Task 87 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is not a retinoid? a.dapsone b.isotretinoin c.adapalene d.tazarotene Feedback The correct answer is: dapsone Task 88 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following acts as a barrier with drying properties used to treat diaper rash? a.talc b.zinc oxide c.eucalyptol d.camphor Feedback The correct answer is: zinc oxide Task 89 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following drugs is used for depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease and is available as a transdermal patch? a.selegiline b.tranylcypromine c.bupropion d.phenelzine Feedback The correct answer is: selegiline Task 90 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text The primary indication for using antipsychotic drugs is to treat which of the following conditions? a.Alzheimer's disease b.schizophrenia c.Parkinson's disease d.depression Feedback The correct answer is: schizophrenia Task 91 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text The CNS stimulants all have boxed warnings for the potential of a.increased risk of suicide. b.dependence. c.death. d.vision loss. Feedback The correct answer is: dependence. Task 92 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text _____ is the antidote for an acetaminophen overdose. a.Naloxone b.Acetylcysteine c.Atropine d.Activated charcoal Feedback The correct answer is: Acetylcysteine Task 93 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following is not approved to treat restless leg syndrome? a.levodopa b.ropinirole c.pramipexole d.gabapentin Feedback The correct answer is: levodopa Task 94 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text What is the term used to describe involuntary movements of the mouth, lips, and tongue that are sometimes accompanied by involuntary movements of the limbs or trunk? Select one: a.cataplexypg 226 b.priapism c.washout d.tardive dyskinesia Feedback The correct answer is: tardive dyskinesia Task 95 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text When prescribing a hypnotic drug, which of the following considerations should be taken into account? Select one: a.addiction and suicide potential b.the degree of altered electroencephalographic patterns c.All of the answers are correctpg 240 d.the potential for interaction with other drugs Feedback The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct Task 96 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which herbal supplement should not be used with other antidepressants due to an increased risk of serotonin syndrome? Select one: a.calcium b.kava c.melatoninpg 247 d.St. John's wort Feedback The correct answer is: St. John's wort Task 97 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following antidepressants is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with no direct effect on serotonin or monoamine oxidases? Select one: a.benztropine b.trazodone c.bupropionpg 220 d.ziprasidone Feedback The correct answer is: bupropion Task 98 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text Which of the following drug classes have anticholinergic side effects, which may decrease urinary urgency? Select one: a.MAOIs b.SSRIspg 216 c.SNRIs d.TCAs Feedback The correct answer is: TCAs Task 99 | Mark: 0.00/1.00 Question text What is codeine converted to in the liver? Select one: a. cocaine b. hydromorphone Incorrect c. fentanyl d. morphine Feedback REF: p. 186 OBJ: 5 The correct answer is: morphine Task 100 | Mark: 1.00/1.00 Question text Which controlled substance schedule does midazolam belong to? Select one: a. C-V b. C-IV Correct c. C-III d. C-II Feedback REF: p. 167 OBJ: 3 The correct answer is: C-IV
Patient with tubes in their ears should only instill _____ and should keep otic preparations sterile to prevent introducing infection in the ears.
suspensions
Which of the following is a product used to treat psoriasis?
tazarotene
capacitance
the amount of blood held in the circulatorysystem
cardiovascular system
the body system thatincludes the heart and blood vessels and circulates blood throughout the body; also known as the circulatory system
peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)
the degree to which the blood vessels are constricted or relaxed
action potential
the electrical signal that causes a muscle to contract
angiotensin-converting enzyme
the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
renin-angiotensin system
the feedback mechanismthat is regulated by the kidneys and balancesfluid volume and vessel constriction in the circulatory system
cardiac output
the force and volume of blood coming from the heart
subcutaneous tissue
the innermost layer of the skin and connects the dermis to underlying organs and tissues. This layer is composed of elastic fibers, also called fascia, and a layer of fat cells, called adipose tissueThe thickness of the subcu-taneous tissue varies depending on the region of the body. Breast tissue arises from the subcutaneous tissue.
A joint is best described as
the junction between two or more bones of the skeleton.
bundle of His
the part of the heart's conduction system between the atrioventricular node andthe Purkinje fibers
atrioventricular (AV) node
the part of theheart's conduction system that carries the action potential from the atria to the ventricles with a delay
systole
the period during which the heart is contractingand actively pumping blood
diastole
the period when the heart muscle relaxes,allowing blood to passively flow into the heart and fill its chambers
Which of the following best describes systolic blood pressure?
the pressure when the heart ejects blood
heart rate (HR)
the rate at which the sinoatrial node fires and the heart beats, typically 60 to 100 times per minute
epidermis
the top layer of the skin and is derived from embryonic ectoderm. It continually forms new cells in the basal layer; sheds old, dead cells; and produces nails, hair, and glands
Patients who are taking rasagiline should be advised to avoid which of the following types of food?
those that contain tyramine
Which of the following patient populations should avoid the use of omega-3 fatty acids?
those with fish or shellfish allergies
What class of drugs that is used to dissolve clots must be reconstituted in water and then gently swirled, never shaken?
thrombolytic agents
Which of the following is not an example of a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)?
tramadol
Which of the following drugs is not a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor?
trazodone
Which of the following drugs is a high potency corticosteroid?
triamcinolone
Which of the following anticonvulsants is also used to treat manic episodes in bipolar mood disorders?
valproate
What form of angina is characterized by coronary artery spasm?
variant angina
Which of the following is a malfunction of the semicircular canals, resulting in balance problems and dizziness?
vertigo
artery
vessel that carries oxygen-enriched bloodfrom the heart to other parts of the body
Patients with night blindness may have a deficiency in
vitamin A.
Which of the following is the antidote for warfarin
vitamin K
Warfarin levels are most affected by which of the following foods?
vitamin K-containing foods
Which of the following anticoagulant agents is a vitamin K antagonist?
warfarin
Which of the following anticoagulant drugs is available in tablet form?
warfarin
What is a common side effect from taking antipsychotic medications?
weight gain
dilation
widening
