Philosophy
atoms
Democritus' theory includes the view that reality consists of _____ and the void.
Hellenism
the period of Stoism and Epicureans
the one
Parmenides argues that reality consists of _____.
deductive argument
Parmenides is famous for, among other things, his _____.
rejects (truth depends on your beliefs)
Plato _____ Protagoras' position.
real things
Plato reasons that, if truth is objective, it must also be about _____.
we lack knowledge in some fundamental way
Plato rejects skepticism, the view that _____.
Charismatic
Socrates was said to be
no one is wiser than Socrates
The Oracle at Delphi declared _____.
appeal to the person
The fallacy of rejecting a statement on the grounds that it comes from a particular person is known as _____.
an argument
A group of statements in which one of them is meant to be supported by the others is _____.
social status
A preoccupation with _____ is a clear indication, according to Socrates, that one's soul is unhealthy
Socratic method
A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth is known as _____.
statement
A(n) _____ is an assertion that something is or is not the case and is therefore the kind of utterance that is either true or false.
apeiron
Anaximander contends that everything came from a formless, imperishable substance called _____.
deductive
Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are _____.
inductive
Arguments that are supposed to give probable support to their conclusions are _____.
substance
Aristotle asserts that _____ consist(s) of form plus essence, and matter.
happiness
Aristotle thinks _____ is the highest good for a human being.
that things closer to the outside of the cave are more real than those closer to the back.
As the prisoner makes his way out of the cave, he begins to see _____.
ancient atomism
Democritus advances the theory known as _____.
the philosophy of achieving happiness through moderate pleasures and avoidance of pain.
Epicureanism is _____.
peace of mind
Epicureanism, Stoicism, and skepticism all aim toward _____.
that something is true; why it is true.
For Aristotle, scientific knowledge is not so much knowing _____ but _____.
what's true and real
For Socrates the good of the soul is attained only through an uncompromising search for _____.
premises
In an argument, the statement being supported is the conclusion, and the statements supporting the conclusion are the _____.
question and answer
Socrates employed _____ in his interactions
ethical
Socrates is concerned with _____ questions
knowledge
Socrates' method shows a belief in a connection between virtue and _____.
attitudes
Stoicism distinguishes between what we cannot control and our _____.
we can attain happiness and peace of mind if we focus on controlling only what is up to us.
Stoicism is the view that _____
method
Thales' great contribution to philosophy and science is (are) his _____, whereby he sought natural and simple explanations for natural phenomena.
final
That for which a thing is, is called the _____ cause.
efficient
That which initiates or is the source of a change is called the _____ cause.
formal
The _____ cause explains why something is the way it is by citing the structure and properties that make it when it is.
Socratic Method
The _____ is used to expose errors in ethical thinking
logic
The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and _____.
argument
The reductio ad absurdum is a type of
false
The reductio ad absurdum shows an assumption to be _____.
logic
The study of correct reasoning is called _____.
metaphysics
The study of reality in the broadest sense, an inquiry into the elemental nature of the universe and the things in it, is known as _____.
the forms
Plato calls the objectively real, eternal, and abstract entities that serve as models or universals of higher knowledge, _____.
3 (appetite, spirit, reason)
Plato's tripartite soul is constituted by _____, _____, and _____.
epistemology
Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as _____.
necessary and unnecessary
main division for Epicureans
intrinsic
_____ goods are what all our actions are pointed toward.
axiology
_____ is the study of value, including both aesthetic value and moral value.
disrupting the youth disrespecting the gods
two charges against Socrates
something desired for its own sake, not for something else (happiness)
what is intrinsic good/an example?
not all equal
According to Epicurus, pleasures are _____.
water
According to Thales, the universe is fundamentally _____.
rational
Heraclitus' central idea is a(n) _____ principle
logos
Heraclitus' central idea is the _____.