PLTW: PBS Final
A
A CSI agent should be Select one: a. open-minded, inquisitive, and good at solving mysteries b. very fast at collecting evidence, even if sloppy technique sometimes occurs c. judgmental and bias of people d. willing to work 9-5 hours only
Lipid
A ____ contains three fatty acids and a glycerol
monosaccharide
A _________ is a carbohydrate
valve
A _________ is a structure that temporarily closes a passage or orifice causing fluid to flow in only one direction.
microbiology
A branch of biology dealing especially with microscopic forms of life (as bacteria, protozoans, viruses, and fungi).
phagocyte
A cell (as a white blood cell) that engulfs and consumes foreign material (as microorganisms) and debris
immunity
A condition of being able to resist a particular disease, especially through preventing development of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products
bacillus
A cylindrical or rod-shaped bacterium
B
A degradive enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA is called: Select one: a. Taq polymerase b. restriction enzyme c. amylase d. polymorphism
D
A diabetes meal plan Select one: a. allows you to have sweets anytime you want b. is a diet that requires many special foods that you need to find only at select stores c. does not allow you to have any starches d. must be individualized to meet your needs
gram stain
A method for the differential staining of bacteria that involves fixing the bacterial cells to a slide and staining with crystal violet and iodine, then washing with alcohol, and counterstaining with safranin.
Helminth
A parasitic worm (as a tapeworm, liver fluke, ascarid, or leech).
Normal
A person who is a carrier (heterozygous) of the sickle cell trait has ____ hemoglobin
Coroner
A person who works for a local government that decides whether an autopsy needs to be performed or not is known as a ________.
aseptic technique
A procedure performed under sterile conditions
coccus
A spherical bacterium
Spirillum
A spiral-shaped bacterium
Angioplasty
A tiny balloon inserted to keep a passageway open into a blood vessel is called a (an) ____________.
B lymphocyte
A type of lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus.
T lymphocyte
A type of lymphocyte that develops in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies
Mitral valve
A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle; prevents the blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium
pancreas, insulin, glucose
After a meal, glucose levels increase in the blood causing _________ to release ____________ hormone which targets all cells to uptake _________ from the blood
1.5
After death, a body will lose heat at a rate of approximately __ degrees per hour until it reaches the temperature of the surrounding environment.
antibody
An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response
C
An experiment: 10 people are at rest and their blood pressure is taken using a blood pressure device. Then, you have these 10 people do 50 jumping jacks and measure the blood pressures again. What is the DEPENDENT variable? Select one: a. resting prior to the experiment b. 10 people c. the blood pressure d. the exercise / jumping jacks
sphygmomanometer
An instrument for measuring blood pressure and especially arterial blood pressure.
Hemoglobin
An iron-containing protein that binds oxygen and is the primary component of erythrocytes.
virus
Any of a large group of submicroscopic infective agents that typically contain a protein coat surrounding an RNA or DNA core of genetic material but no semipermeable membrane, that are capable of growth and multiplication only in living cells, and that cause various important diseases in humans, animals, or plants
protozoan
Any protist of the phylum or subkingdom Protozoa
Electrons
Atoms are held together with other atoms through the works of _________.
contagious
Communicable by contact
Wider
Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell disease is _____ (thinner or wider?)
increase
Exercise will ____ HDL
Dominant
Familial Hypercholesterolemia is a __________ trait.
D
Given the DNA strand GAATTCCTCGAG, what would be the complimentary strand to make the double stranded DNA? Select one: a. None of these are correct b. AGGCCTTCTAGA c. GAATTCCTCGAG d. CTTAAGGAGCTC
positive
Gram ____ has a thick cell wall
HDL, LDL
High ___ and low ___ lipoproteins would be considered healthy for people.
D
How can blood at a death scene be analyzed? Select one: a. size of blood droplets can indicate height at which it fell b. patterns may be found indicating a specific weapon used c. patterns of splatter can be measured and provide clues to event that previously occurred d. all of these are correct
46
How many chromosomes are there in one cell of the human body?
Circular
If blood droplets fall from directly above, it will leave a ________ stain.
hypertonic, leave
If the blood surrounding the cell has a high concentration of glucose, the cell is in a _____ solution and water will ___ the cell
hypotonic, enter
If the blood surrounding the cell has a high concentration of water and very little glucose, the cell is in a _____ solution and water will ___ the cell
B
In DNA profiling by gel electrophoresis, DNA is separated on the basis of _____. Select one: a. electrical charge of the DNA molecule itself because some DNA will be + and some will be - b. number of base pairs (BP) in the fragment (RFLP) c. race of the individual d. gender of the individual
1
In Type _ Diabetes, the body cannot make insulin
affected female
In a pedigree, a filled in circle represents a(an) ____ _____
Nonspecific
Inflammation, Skin, Mucus, and Cilia are all part of your ___ immunity
Positive
Injured tissue releases chemical signmals that activate platelets in the blood. An acitvated platelet releases more chemicals to activate MORE platelets, causing a rapid cascade and the formation of a blood clot. This is an example of _________ feedback.
Beta cells
Insulin is released from the ____ ____ in the pancreas
Negative
It's been awhile since your last meal and your blood sugar is low. This causes a release of glucagon. Glucagon mobilizes the glucose that has been stored in your liver and muscles. This release of stored glucose (glycogen) causes your blood sugar levels to rise back to normal. This is an example of _________ feedback.
brown paper bag
Lipids can be tested using what?
Benedict's solution
Macromolecules can be tested using what?
Heterozygous
Organisms that have two different alleles for a particular trait are said to be _______
increase
PCR is used to exponentially _____________ the amount of DNA in a sample.
Patient 1 - Type 1 Patient 2 - Type 2
Patient 1's pancreas does not produce insulin but they take insulin shots and watch their diet in order to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Patient 2 has consistently high blood glucose levels, but their pancreas is functioning normally. Which is the best diagnosis?
Systolic
Pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels when the heart is pumping.
Diastolic
Pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels when the heart is relaxed.
Biurut's solution
Protein can be tested using what?
fungus
Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts
bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms that are often aggregated into colonies or motile by means of flagella, typically live in soil, water, organic matter, or the bodies of plants and animals, are usually autotrophic, saprophytic, or parasitic in nutrition, and are noted for their biochemical effects and pathogenicity
Lugol's iodine
Starch can be tested using what?
B
Symptoms of diabetes include all of the following EXCEPT __________ Select one: a. fatigue b. decreased urination c. glucose in the urine d. increased thirst
Specific
T Cells, B Cells, and Antibodies are all part of your ____ immunity
EKG
Test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.
hemoglobin
The ______ molecule contains 4 subunits--2 alpha 2 beta
peptidoglycan
The bacterial cell wall is composed of which protein?
systole, diastole
The cardiac cycle contains ____ and _____
Decreased, increased
The effect of narrowed arteries on a person's blood flow and blood pressure would be ____ flow and _____pressure
C
The figure shows the structure of a(an) Select one: a. protein b. amino acid c. DNA molecule d. RNA molecule
Hemoglobin
The function of ____ is to carry oxygen to tissues
oxygen
The function of an erythrocyte is to carry _____
4
The human heart is made out of muscle and has _ chambers.
aorta
The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body.
D
The medical examiner measured the internal body temperature to be 83.4˚F at 10:00pm. Using the Glaister Equation, when did this person likely die? Glaister Equation: 98.4 - measured rectal temperature / 1.5 = approximate hours since death Select one: a. 2:00 PM b. 1:00 PM c. 11:00 AM d. noon (12:00 pm) e. 10:00 AM
Pericardium
The membrane that encloses the heart.
11
The mutation for sickle cell anemia can be found on Chromosome __
Heart rate
The number of beats (contractions of the heart muscle) in one minute.
A
The outermost layer of hair is called the Select one: a. cuticle b. keratin c. medulla d. cortex
sinoatrial
The pacemaker of the heart is the __________ node.
D
The smaller the DNA fragment, Select one: a. the fewer bands you'll see on the stained gel b. harder it is to move down the gel c. the more bands you'll see on the stained gel d. the further it moves down the gel
systole
The stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle contracts and the chambers pump blood.
infection
The state produced by the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host
left ventricle
The wall of the _____ _______ is thicker because it has to pump oxygenated blood to the whole body.
transmission
The way a microbial organism moves from one host to another
False
True or False: A 911 Operator must be voted for their position
False
True or False: All bacteria cause infectious diseases.
False
True or False: An autopsy is performed by a coroner.
True
True or False: Food, exercise, diabetes medication and stress can affect the blood sugar level.
True
True or False: Gram positive bacteria have more peptidoglycan in their cell wall than gram negative bacteria.
True
True or False: HDL is like a sports car - it can carry only a little bit of cholesterol and can speed through the bloodstream quickly
True
True or False: When a person's blood sugar is out of control (high), there is a greater chance of infection and illness.
True
True or false: A person with diabetes has a greater chance of having a heart attack, stroke, blindness or kidney disease than a person who does not have diabetes
purple
Under the microscope, Gram positive bacteria look ___ in color
C
What activities does an EMT perform? Select one: a. may start an airway if victim is not breathing b. transportation of thaccident victims to the hospital c. All of these activities could be performed by an EMT d. communicate with physician at hospital for details of the accident and type of response e. stabilization of victims at the site, may start IV's and maintain blood pressure
C
What are the four bases of DNA? Select one: a. A, U, C, G b. A, T, U, C c. A, T, C, G d. T, U, G, C
B
What does HIPAA stand for? Select one: a. Human Insurance Protection Against Animals b. Health Insurance and Portability and Accountability Act c. Health Insurance Policy and Accountability Act d. Highly Incredulous Popycock Answer Again
A
What is the correct name of DNA? Select one: a. deoxyribonucleic acid b. Don't kNow At-all c. deoxyribose nucleic acid d. deoxyribonunchuck acid
C
What is the correct way to pair bases in DNA? Select one: a. A pairs with G; C pairs with T b. A pairs with U; G pairs with C c. A pairs with T; C pairs with G d. A pairs with C; G pairs with T
B
What is the definition of a purine? Select one: a. nitrogenous base containing no ring structures b. nitrogenous base containing two ring structures c. nitrogenous base containing three ring structures d. nitrogenous base containing one ring structure
A
What is the definition of a pyrimidine? Select one: a. nitrogenous base containing one ring structure b. nitrogenous base containing no ring structures c. nitrogenous base containing three ring structures d. nitrogenous base containing two ring structures
erythrocyte
What is the medical term for red blood cell?
Leukocyte
What is the medical term for white blood cell?
Carbohydrate
What macromolecule is made of mono-, di-, and polysaccharides?
Lipid
What macromolecule provides structure for the cell membrane?
D
What property of DNA causes it to migrate to the positive pole of the electrophoresis apparatus? Select one: a. the positive charge of the sugars b. the negative charge of the sugars c. the positive charge of the phosphate groups d. the negative charge of the phosphate groups
B
When processing a crime scene, which one is FALSE? Select one: a. Interviews are performed to help establish theories of death b. Physical evidence is not collected since we have good photos c. Gloves are worn to limit contamination of the crime scene d. Close up, high quality photographs are taken. e. An accurate sketch is drawn which includes a legend, scale, and a key.
positive, negative
When running a gel electrophoresis, DNA will migrate towards the ________ end because DNA has a __________ charge.
Ionic bonding
When simple sugars are put together to make complex carbohydrates which process is happening?
crystal violet
Which chemical component of the gram stain process will stain ALL (both gram positive and gram negative) cells purple?
Gram's iodine
Which chemical of the gram stain will cause the crystal violet to stick to (or fix to) the peptidoglycan?
Protein
Which macromolecule builds, maintains and repairs body tissues?
Lipid
Which macromolecule is a non-polar, hydrophobic group of compounds?
Protein
Which macromolecule is made of amino acids?
A
Which of the following connections is correct? Select one: a. QRS = ventricular contractions b. P wave = ventricular contractions Incorrect c. T wave = atrial contraction d. P wave = ventricular repolarization
B
Which of the following includes all others? Select one: a. DNA molecules b. chromosomes c. nitrogenous bases d. nucleosomes
C
Which of the following is a purine found in DNA? Select one: a. Cytosine b. Uracil c. Guanine d. Thymine
D
Which of the following is a sentence that is clear, concise and relates back to the hypothesis and that is supported by data? Select one: a. Summary b. Research c. Problem or question d. Conclusion
E
Which one is NOT a clue for estimating the time of death? Select one: a. lividity b. clouding of the corneas c. algor mortis d. rigor mortis e. beta mortis
pink
While performing a gram stain, gram negative bacteria should look which color after washing with alcohol?
Purple
While performing a gram stain, gram positive bacteria should look which color after washing with alcohol?
B
Why is a control group important for an experiment? Select one: a. So your results are more objective b. Serves as a standard for comparison against the group where the independent variable is applied c. serves as a way to get more subjects into the experiment d. So you can get results that are measureable.
atrium
a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle or ventricles.
