Political Science 140
B) states find it hard to cooperate to reduce environmental damage
A current example of a collective-goods problem is that_________________. A) states have a hard time communicating B) states find it hard to cooperate to reduce environmental damage C) stated find it hard to cooperate on monetary policy D) poverty is common around the globe
C) Israeli blockade of Hamas-ruled Gaza ports
A current example of a naval blockade is the ________. A) Mexican blockade of U.S. ports in Texas B) Spanish blockade of Gibraltarian ports C) Israeli blockade of Hamas-ruled Gaza ports D) Turkish blockade of Qatari ports
D) Association of South East Asian Nations
A current example of a regional IGO is the _________. A) Central Asian Union B) Norther Hemisphere Common Market C) United Nations D) Association of South East Asian Nations
A) India
A example of a state that either acknowledges having nuclear weapons or that has exploded a nuclear weapon? A) India B) Austria C) Japan D) Turkmenistan
C) India
A example of a state that either acknowledges having nuclear weapons or that has exploded a nuclear weapon? A) Japan B) Turkmenistan C) India D) Austria
A) human
A general weakness in U.S. intelligence gathering activities exists in the area of _______ intelligence. A) human B) signal C) satellite D) electronic
A) a group of elected politicians who
A nation is NOT a __________ share characteristics such as language and culture. A) a group of elected politicians who B) collection of territories which C) set of relationships which D) group of people who
A) have full sovereignty over their own affairs
According to the UN Charter, states __________. A) have full sovereignty over their own affairs B) may have full independence and territorial integrity C) are not inherently equal under international law D) should take disputes to the International Court of Justice
C) General Assembly
All UN members are represented in which institution? A) Security Council B) Secretary's Assembly C) General Assembly D) Economic and Social Council
B) False
An identity solution to the collective goods problem in international relations can be explained by objective, material self-interest of some nation-states. A) True B) False
C) Sudan
As of 2009, which of the following states was a nation that the United States accused of supporting international terrorism? A) Liberia B) North Korea C) Sudan D) Iceland
B) Sudan
As of 2009, which of the following states was a nation that the United States accused of supporting international terrorism? A) Liberia B) Sudan C) North Korea D) Iceland
C) Africa
As of 2011, which region of the world has hosted the most UN Peacekeeping Missions? A) South Asia B) Latin America C) Africa D) Middle East
C) World Health Organization and the UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
Autonomous agencies affiliated with the UN, but not under its control, include the _________. A) World Intellectual Property Organization and the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refuggees B) International Civil Aviation Organization and the UN Environment Program C) World Health Organization and the UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization D) World Meteorological Association and the UN Children's Fund
B) have trajectories that typically rise out of the atmosphere and then descend
Ballistic missiles __________. A) vary in range and throw weight, but have similar accuracy B) have trajectories that typically rise out of the atmosphere and then descend C) were replaced by airplanes as the main strategic delivery vehicles D) are small winged missiles E) must be fired from fixed sites
D) Biological weapons
Because they are uncontrollable, which of the following weapons has virtually never been used in war? A) Conventional weapons B) Neutron weapons C) Chemical weapons D) Biological weapons
B) Biological weapons
Because they are uncontrollable, which of the following weapons has virtually never been used in war? A) Neutron weapons B) Biological weapons C) Chemical weapons D) Conventional weapons
C) domestic
Consideration of the political organizations, government agencies, and economic sectors of states is the focus of the ________ level of analysis. A) individual B) interstate C) domestic D) global
A) the central trend in international relations today
Globalization is ________ A) the central trend in international relations today B) not concerned with terrorism C) focused solely on economic development D) the management of territorial conflict
B) relies on a power hierarchy acting as a central authority, whereas reciprocity operates without any central hierarchy
How do dominance and reciprocity compare as solutions to collective-goods problems? Dominance ____________. A) forms the basis of most institutions in the international system, whereas reciprocity has limited applications B) relies on a power hierarchy acting as a central authority, whereas reciprocity operates without any central hierarchy C) is the basis of cooperation in IR, whereas reciprocity typically leads to conflict D) has advantages and disadvantages, whereas reciprocity has only advantages
A) Once a year
How frequently has the veto by Security Council members been used since 1991? A) Once a year B) Once every two years C) Six times a year D) Once a month
D) The identity principle does not rely on self-interest, whereas the dominance and reciprocity principles rely on achieving individual self-interest
How is the identity principle distinguishes from the dominance and reciprocity principles? A) The identity principles plays no role in preventing nuclear proliferation, whereas the dominance and reciprocity principles do play a role B) The identity principle relies on mutually beneficial arrangements whereas the dominance and reciprocity principles rely on their own interests and benefits to others C) Contributions to development assistance or UN peacekeeping missions are better explained by the dominance and reciprocity principles than the identity principle D) The identity principle does not rely on self-interest, whereas the dominance and reciprocity principles rely on achieving individual self-interest
C) accredit national delegations as members of the UN
In 1971, in place of the nationalists in Taiwan, the delegation of the People's Republic of China was given China's seat in the UN. This is an example of the UN General Assembly's power to ______. A) accredit national delegations as members of UN tribunals B) administer Security Council policy and programs C) accredit national delegations as members of the UN D) provide council on economic and social issues
B) Collective security
In 2011, a no-fly zone was authorized in Libya. This type of action can be considered an example of which principle? A) The reciprocity principle B) Collective security C) Executive Board power D) Peace enforcement
C) Military engagements now occur across greater distances
In what way have technological developments changed the nature of military force? A) Te resort to peace pacts now has more profound costs and consequences B) Allied computer networks are increasingly targeted by military forces and terrorists C) Military engagements now occur across greater distances D) Electronics now have a lesser role in command and control
B) Military engagements now occur across greater distances
In what way have technological developments changed the nature of military force? A) The resort to peace pacts now has more profound costs and consequences B) Military engagements now occur across greater distances C) Allied computer networks are increasingly targeted by military forces and terrorists D) Electronics now have a lesser role in command and control
B) are sometimes institutionalized through organizations in which states participate to manage specific issues
International norms ________. A) are most effective when different states or regions hold different expectations of what is normal B) are sometimes institutionalized through organizations in which states participate to manage specific issues C) can be effective because they become irregular over time D) are frequently ineffective
D) concerns the relationships among the world's governments
International relations ___________ A) influences daily life only when war occurs B) involves only presidents, generals, and diplomats C) is largely concerned with bilateral relations between states D) concerns the relationships among the world's governments
B) practical
International relations is largely a(n)__________ discipline A) theoretical B) practical C) economic D) historical
a group can reconcile its collective and individual interests
International relations revolves around the key problem of how ______________. A) a group can reconcile its collective and individual interests B) to deal with the issue of global warming C) to solve global poverty D) to properly negotiate treaties
B) different
Levels of analysis offer _________ explanations for international events A) individual B) different C) military D) uniform
B) the repression of domestic political dissent
Military forces are used by States to fight or threaten wars, for surveillance of drug trafficking, for human assistance, and for _______. A) creating policy B) the repression of domestic political dissent C) the surveillance of trafficking in automobiles D) controlling domestic violence
A) the repression of domestic political dissent
Military forces are used by States to fight or threaten wars, for surveillance of drug trafficking, for human assistance, and for _______. A) the repression of domestic political dissent B) creating policy C) the surveillance of trafficking in automobiles D) controlling domestic violence
C) Second-strike capability
Mutually assured destruction (MAD) is based on which of the following? A) First-strike capability B) Launch on impact C) Second-strike capability D) Launch on warning
C) Second-strike capability
Mutually assured destruction (MAD) is based on which of the following? A) Launch on impact B) Launch on warning C) Second-strike capability D) First-strike capability
C) international norms
National leaders can expect certain behaviors from their international counterparts. These behaviors are known as __________. A) international standards B) global expectations C) international norms D) international covenants
B) the Missile Technology Control Regime
North Korea, in 2012, succeeded in testing a long-range missile with a transcontinental reach. This is an example of the failure of _______. A) weapons proliferation B) the Missile Technology Control Regime C) the Chemical Weapons Convention D) the Biological Weapons Convention
D) The supervision of elections
Peace operations of the United Nations include which of the following? A) The use of force to protect shipping B) War regulation C) Intervening in ethnic conflicts to create a ceasefire D) The supervision of elections
B) South of the Suez Canal near Somalia
Piracy has become a problem in what region of the world? A) The Straits of Antigua near Sierra Leone B) South of the Suez Canal near Somalia C) The western Mediterranean near Gibraltar D) South of the Cape of Good Hope near South Africa
A) True
Reciprocity can be enforced without any central authority A) True B) False
C) regional, specific
The IGOs that have been more successful are ones that are ______ in scope with a ________ purpose. A) global, specific B) continental, general C) regional, specific D) regional, general
B) is primarily involved with encoding U.S. communications and breaking codes of foreign communications
The National Security Agency ______. A) is one of the smallest intelligence agencies B) is primarily involved with encoding U.S. communications and breaking codes of foreign communications C) was created by President Roosevelt to oversee the State Department D) is a unit within the National Security Council
C) is primarily involved with encoding U.S. communications and breaking codes of foreign communications
The National Security Agency ______. A) was created by President Roosevelt to oversee the State Department B) is a unit within the National Security Council C) is primarily involved with encoding U.S. communications and breaking codes of foreign communications D) is one of the smallest intelligence agencies
B) Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
The U.S. withdrew from which arms control treaty in 2002? A) Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty II B) Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty C) Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty D) Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I
C) limited power
The UN Security Council's decisions depend entirely on the interests of its member states, and although Security Council resolutions in theory bind all UN members, member states in practice often try to evade or soften their effect. These characteristics of the Council are both examples of its _______. A) disregard for nations' sovereignty B) plenary sessions C) limited power D) expansive influence
B) is headquartered in Denmark
The UN Standby High Readiness Brigade ________. A) is available for deployment to conflict areas in two to three months B) is headquartered in Denmark C) is controlled by the General Assembly D) has not yet been used in an area of conflict
A) Cambodia
The UN peacekeeping mission in _______ took over actual control of the government after a long civil war until elections could be held to choose a new government. A) Cambodia B) Bosnia C) Haiti D) Rwanda
A) assembled by the secretary-general each time a mission is deemed necessary
The UN's peacekeeping forces are __________. A) assembled by the secretary-general each time a mission is deemed necessary B) able to serve in a country even if the government does not want them there C) funded out of the general UN budget D) a standing army ready to be deployed at a moment's notice
individual
The _______ level of analysis concerns the choices and actions of human beings A) global B) individual C) domestic D) interstate
A) interstate, global
The _________level of analysis concerns the influence of the international system upon outcomes, whereas the _________ level of analysis concerns the influence of trends and forces that transcend the interactions of states upon outcomes. A) interstate, global B) global, individual C) individual, global D) domestic, interstate
A) International Atomic Energy Agency
The agency charged with inspecting the the nuclear power industry in member states to prevent secret military diversions of nuclear materials is the _________. A) International Atomic Energy Agency B) World Nuclear Energy Agency C) Civilian-Military Nuclear Power Agency D) Non-Proliferation Inspection Agency
A) all
The collective-goods problem is the problem of how to provide something that benefits ________ members of a group regardless of what each member contributes A) all B) at least 65% of C) most D) the moral
B) Stability that comes at a cost of constant oppression of the lower ranking members of the status hierarchy
The disadvantage of dominance as a solution to collective-goods problems include which of the following? A) Fueling arms races in which members respond to other members' buildup of weapons B) Stability that comes at a cost of constant oppression of the lower ranking members of the status hierarchy C) Other groups being unlikely to challenge the top group's power position D) A downwards spiral as each side punishes what is believed to be negative acts by the other
D) kilotons, megatons
The explosive power of fission weapons is measured in _________, whereas the explosive power of fusion weapons is measured in _______. A) gigatons, millions B) megatons, gigatons C) kilotons, gigatons D) kilotons, megatons
D) kilotons, megatons
The explosive power of fission weapons is measured in _________, whereas the explosive power of fusion weapons is measured in _______. A) megatons, gigatons B) kilotons, gigatons C) gigatons, millions D) kilotons, megatons
C) the government must show its responsiveness to the educational industry in order to convince the population to abandon the insurgency
The following is true about counterinsurgency: _______. A) it is less widespread than during the Cold War B) it is a complex type of warfare because it has both a military strategy and political goals C) the government must show its responsiveness to the educational industry in order to convince the population to abandon the insurgency D) the government need not conduct a public relations campaign to convince the population to abandon the insurgency
B) the government must show its responsiveness to the educational industry in order to convince the population to abandon the insurgency
The following is true about counterinsurgency: _______. A) the government need not conduct a public relations campaign to convince the population to abandon the insurgency B) the government must show its responsiveness to the educational industry in order to convince the population to abandon the insurgency C) it is a complex type of warfare because it has both a military strategy and political goals D) it is less widespread than during the Cold War
A) Coordinating information and planning by international agencies and programs
The functions of the United Nations include which of the following? A) Coordinating information and planning by international agencies and programs B) Promoting oceanic and forestry development in the global South C) Providing a forum in which tribes can settle disputes without the use of force D) Coercing states into abiding by international law
A) the former has military targets, whereas the latter has civilian targets
The main difference between war and "classic" terrorism is that ________. A) the former has military targets, whereas the latter has civilian targets B) the former seeks a psychological impact, whereas the latter seeks a territorial impact C) the former utilizes nonuniformed forces, whereas the latter utilizes uniformed forces of the state D) the former has political goals, whereas the latter has military goals
C) power
The most important feature of international relations according to a realist is ___________. A) international law B) absolute gains C) power D) morality
A) conventional forces, irregular forces, and weapons of mass destruction
The three types of military capabilities are ________. A) conventional forces, irregular forces, and weapons of mass destruction B) intelligence groups, conventional forces, and irregular forces C) regular forces, chemical weapons, and counterinsurgency D) tactical forces, strategic forces, and nuclear forces
B) conventional forces, irregular forces, and weapons of mass destruction
The three types of military capabilities are ________. A) intelligence groups, conventional forces, and irregular forces B) conventional forces, irregular forces, and weapons of mass destruction C) tactical forces, strategic forces, and nuclear forces D) regular forces, chemical weapons, and counterinsurgency
C) international security and international political economy
The two major subfields of international relations are_____________. A) comparative politics and international security B) conflict and cooperation C) international security and international political economy D) international political economy and comparative politics
C) state-sponsored terrorism
The use of terrorist groups by states to achieve political aims is ________. A) possible only in wartime B) counterinsurgency C) state-sponsored terrorism D) counterterrorism
C) peacekeeping missions
UN involvement in the Darfur region of Sudan and the Democratic Congo in 2012 were the UN's two biggest _______ that year. A) plenary sessions B) peace tribunals C) peacekeeping missions D) rebel movements
C) tends to be a last resort
Violence as a means of leverage ________. A) is costly to the attacked, but not to the attacker B) typically is used before economic actions or foreign aid C) tends to be a last resort D) is the most cost-effective means of leverage
C) tends to be a last resort
Violence as a means of leverage ________. A) is the most cost-effective means of leverage B) is costly to the attacked, but not to the attacker C) tends to be a last resort D) typically is used before economic actions or foreign aid
D) nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons
Weapons of mass destruction include _________. A) biological, conventional, and chemical weapons B) chemical, ballistic, and biological weapons C) nuclear, conventional, and biological weapons D) nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons
B) nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons
Weapons of mass destruction include _________. A) chemical, ballistic, and biological weapons B) nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons C) biological, conventional, and chemical weapons D) nuclear, conventional, and biological weapons
A) Veto resolutions
What can the permanent members of the UN Security Council do that nonpermanent members cannot? A) Veto resolutions B) Request a meeting of the Security COuncil C) Abstain on resolutions D) Ignore the content of a resolution
D) Created a Peacebuilding Commission to coordinate reconstruction, institution-building, and economic recovery
What has the United Nations done to provide longer-term support to countries after peacekeeping missions end? A) Asked NATO or African Union troops to replace UN peacekeepers B) Installed the UN Standby High Readiness Brigade to maintain order and stability C) Worked with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to provide funding to the countries D) Created a Peacebuilding Commission to coordinate reconstruction, institution-building, and economic recovery
B) It creates a need for the UN because it provides services that no single state would
What is the impact of state sovereignty on the United Nations? A) It creates an opportunity for the UN to use the dominance principle when dealing with states B) It creates a need for the UN because it provides services that no single state would C) It enhances the power of the UN because states rely on it D) It allows the UN to use armed force for humanitarian purposes
C) Its decisions depend entirely on the interests of its member states
What is the one way in which the power of the UN Security Council is limited? A) Member states adhere to Security Council resolutions B) Eight of the ten nonpermanent members can override a permanent member's veto C) Its decisions depend entirely on the interests of its member states D) The UN General Assembly can override its decisions
A) The large numbers of new members meant that the United States found itself in the minority on many issues in the General Assembly
When many colonies in Africa and Asia gained independence in the 1950s and 1960s and joined the United Nations, what was the impact in voting? A) The large numbers of new members meant that the United States found itself in the minority on many issues in the General Assembly B) The Soviet Union used its veto in the Security Council more often to counterbalance the new members C) The Peoples' Republic of China took control of the Chinese vote in the UN D) Voting in the General Assembly shifted to one state, one vote, regardless of size
A) WTO and UAW
Which are two intergovernmental organizations? A) WTO and UAW B) IRS and Planned Parenthood C) OPEC and AAA D) African Union and NATO
A)The state of Ohio D) SUNY Geneseo
Which of the following are examples of substate actors that can OR do influence a country's foreign policy or have an international role? There can be more than one correct answer. A) The state of Ohio B) ISIS C) Medellin drug cartel in Colombia D) SUNY Geneseo
A) Interests are likely to overlap more
Which of the following can explain why regional and specific IGOs have been the most successful in international relations compared to other types of IGOs? A) Interests are likely to overlap more B) There are fewer problems to deal with C) Power is less concentrated D) States are likely less invested in the IGO
C) The U.S.-Israeli virus targeting Iran's nuclear centrifuge
Which of the following describes a recent cyberattack? A) The U.S.-Israeli virus targeting North Korea's nuclear centrifuge B) The Saudi virus targeting Turkish oil industry computers C) The U.S.-Israeli virus targeting Iran's nuclear centrifuge D) The Iranian virus targeting Iraqi military industries
C) Uranium-235
Which of the following is a fissionable material? A) Deuterium-242 B) Hydrogen C) Uranium-235 D) Chromium-225
C) Uranium-235
Which of the following is a fissionable material? A) Hydrogen B) Deuterium-242 C) Uranium-235 D) Chromium-225
B) Electing members of certain UN agencies
Which of the following is a function of the UN General Assembly? A) Passing binding resolutions B) Electing members of certain UN agencies C) Controlling embassies D) Coordinating NATO programs and agencies
B) Russia
Which of the following is a permanent member of the UN Security Council? A) Japan B) Russia C) Colombia D) Wales
B) To administer UN policy and programs
Which of the following is a purpose of the UN Secretariat? A) To develop national civil servants whose loyalties are at the state level B) To administer UN policy and programs C) To serve as theoretical experts and military advisers on various programs and projects D) To represent their respective member states at the UN
A) Intergovernmental organizations
Which of the following is an example of a transnational actor? A) Intergovernmental organizations B) The US State Department C) National trade unions
C) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological
Which of the following is characteristic of terrorism? A) Acts of terrorism kill hundreds of thousands of people every year B) Terrorist acts are typically random acts with no clear goal in mind C) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological D) Terrorists are acting to gain leverage against nonstate actors
B) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological
Which of the following is characteristic of terrorism? A) Terrorists are acting to gain leverage against nonstate actors B) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological C) Acts of terrorism kill hundreds of thousands of people every year D) Terrorist acts are typically random acts with no clear goal in mind
B) Russia is the world leader in terms of operating aircraft carriers
Which of the following statements regarding aircraft carriers is false? A) They are extremely expensive B) Russia is the world leader in terms of operating aircraft carriers C) They are instruments of power projection D) They are used as an instrument to imply a threat to use force
C) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological
Which of the following statements regarding terrorism is true? A) It aims to embolden a civilian population in order to use its discontent as an advantage B) It refers to political peace acts that target civilians deliberately and indiscriminately C) The primary effect of terrorism is psychological D) Terrorism is an irrational, random use of violence
A) Cyberwar refers to disrupting enemy computer networks to degrade command and control
Which of the following statements regarding the use of technology in the military is true? A) Cyberwar refers to disrupting enemy computer networks to degrade command and control B) Naval technology uses special radar-absorbent materials and unusual shapes in the design of aircraft, and ships to scatter enemy radar C) War has become more deadly over the years D) Electronic warfare refers to the uses of nuclear spectrum in war
C) the defection of one member is harder to conceal
Why are collective goods easier to provide in small groups than large groups? A) small groups want to cooperate more than large groups B) the defection of one member has a smaller impact on the overall collective good C) the defection of one member is harder to conceal D) small groups tend to have a central authority to enforce rules on members
B) soldiers are typically sent to a country only when a cease-fire has been arranged
With respect to UN peacekeeping, ________. A) soldiers are under the joint command of generals from each of the countries represented on the peacekeeping force B) soldiers are typically sent to a country only when a cease-fire has been arranged C) member states have accepted a proposal to upgrade forces to take on a peacemaking role D) soldiers are typically armed with artillery and tanks
C) Any expansion of permanent seats might include India, with 20 percent of the world's population and a predominantly Islamic country
With respect to changes in the structure of the UN Security Council, ________. A) Japan and Australia would like to be permanent members because they contribute a great deal of money to the UN and have a stake in a stable security climate B) Britain and Turkey would be reluctant to give up their individual seats for one "European" seat C) Any expansion of permanent seats might include India, with 20 percent of the world's population and a predominantly Islamic country D) Brazil developed a plan that would give permanent seats with veto power to at least six additional countries
A) they have been used only rarely
With respect to chemical weapons, ________. A) they have been used only rarely B) they are impossible to defend against C) they never remain in the target area for long D) they must be inhaled to be fatal
C) Marines move to battle in ships but fight on land
With respect to conventional forces, which of the following is true? A) Electronics, especially radar, are relied on most by artillery B) Infantry, armor, and blacksmiths are part of armies C) Marines move to battle in ships but fight on land D) In most armed forces, the minority of soldiers are involved in logistics
B) Terrorists are more willing than states are to violate the norms of the international system
With respect to terrorism, which of the following is true? A) Terrorism is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States, Europe, and South Asia B) Terrorists are more willing than states are to violate the norms of the international system C) Terrorist activities frequently achieve political ends D) Suicide bombings occur most frequently against autocracies rather than democracies
B) Surveillance
_______ is provided by satellites. A) Attack capability B) Surveillance C) Early warning of asteroid incursions D) Counterinsurgency
Democracy
__________ is NOT a necessary component of a state A) Territory B) Democracy
D) India and Pakistan
__________ tested nuclear weapons in 1998. This is an example of a regional increase of tensions. A) South Africa and Egypt B) Israel and Syria C) Argentina and Brazil D) India and Pakistan
B) Taiwan
___________is only informally recognized as a state, despite being a political entity often referred to as one. A) Israel B) Taiwan C) Western Sahara D) Iraq
